CN102174646A - Method for implementing oil-gas exploration and oil-gas reservoir characterization by using living bacteria exception and total bacteria exception of methylosinus trichosporium as indexes - Google Patents
Method for implementing oil-gas exploration and oil-gas reservoir characterization by using living bacteria exception and total bacteria exception of methylosinus trichosporium as indexes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for implementing oil-gas exploration and oil-gas reservoir characterization by using living bacteria exception and total bacteria exception of methylosinus trichosporium as indexes. The method comprises the following steps of: acquiring a sample above an oil-gas exploration and oil-gas reservoir characterization area according to the specific grid degree, sampling depth and sampling quantity, and packing and storing the sample according to the specific conditions; simultaneously acquiring the living bacteria number and the total bacteria number of the methylosinus trichosporium in the sample by adopting a conventional microbe counting method, and drawing an equal living bacteria line and an equal total bacteria line on a map, a topographic map, a geologic map or a topographic-geologic map to obtain the living bacteria exception and the total bacteria exception; comprehensively comparing the living bacteria exception with the total bacteria exception; making a judgment and a prediction or providing an oil-gas reservoir exploitation scheme for the underground oil-gas resource condition of the oil-gas exploration and oil-gas reservoir characterization area according to the characteristics, similarities and differences of the living bacteria exception and the total bacteria exception by combining the results of geologic exploration, geochemical exploration and geophysical exploration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for a kind of oil-gas exploration and reservoir characterization.
Background technology
Hydrocarbon-bearing pool comprises oil Tibetan, natural gas pool, oil+natural gas pool and gas hydrate Tibetan.
Oil and natural gas industry is important basic energy resource industry.Current oil and natural gas (containing gas hydrate) exploration and development problem demanding prompt solution is how to improve the benefit of exploration and exploitation; And research and develop and use exploration efficiently and development approach and technique means thereof is the key that addresses the above problem.
Microbial oil gas exploration and reservoir characterization technology are important branch in oil-gas exploration and the reservoir characterization technology, a kind of important technical that it is mainly predicted and monitor hydrocarbon resources dynamic change and residue oil gas distribution of resource situation in the developmental state of underground hydrocarbon-bearing pool and the developing of reservoirs according to microbiological anomaly feature in exploration areas and/or hydrocarbon-bearing pool top near surface pedosphere and/or the settling.In modern oil-gas exploration and reservoir characterization technology, microbial oil gas exploration and reservoir characterization technology can provide cheapness, effective means and indication for the initial stage exploration; Can predict favourable exploration block, in the hope of reducing exploration risk; Can be in middle and later periods hydrocarbon-bearing pool mining area for lay adjusting well location, formulating efficiently recovery scheme and reduce cost of winning and provide important techniques to support.
The principle of microbial oil gas exploration and reservoir characterization technology: the lighter hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon-bearing pool are migrated along the microfissure of complexity vertically upward with microvesicle come-up form or continuous vapor phase stream form under the ordering about of hydrocarbon-bearing pool pressure.When the methane migration entered in topsoil and/or the settling, a part of lighter hydrocarbons became the food (carbon source) of obligate lighter hydrocarbons oxidation bacterium in the soil and lighter hydrocarbons oxidation bacterium are occurred unusually; And another part lighter hydrocarbons are adsorbed and wrapped up by secondary carbonate cements by the clay mineral in topsoil and/or the settling.Therefore, meeting formation is unusual with the obligate lighter hydrocarbons oxidation bacterium that the hydrocarbon-bearing pool of underliing has positive correlation in topsoil above hydrocarbon-bearing pool and/or the settling.Forefathers have set up microbial oil gas exploration technology in view of the above.They are by detect giving birth to the number of viable of methane-oxidizing bacteria in hydrocarbon basin and/or hydrocarbon-bearing pool top topsoil and/or the settling, and are that index is carried out the microbial oil gas reservoir exploration with the number of viable.Forefathers' research shows that also the little seepage of lighter hydrocarbons has three characteristics: the one, and ubiquity, i.e. all there is the little seepage of lighter hydrocarbons in the most hydrocarbon-bearing pools of nature, and the former capital can be detected with microbial process; The 2nd, perpendicularity, promptly in giving birth to hydrocarbon basin and/or hydrocarbon-bearing pool, lighter hydrocarbons migratory direction during the little seepage of lighter hydrocarbons is vertical generally, so the scope of microbiological anomaly roughly corresponding to the oil/water of subterranean oil gas reservoir and or gas/water boundaries, form " top is unusual ", and the variation of microbiological anomaly intensity has reflected the original nonuniformity of oily in the hydrocarbon trap; The 3rd, dynamic, promptly along with the raising of hydrocarbon-bearing pool exploitation degree, dynamic change can take place in the little seepage intensity of lighter hydrocarbons, and the microbiological anomaly intensity around in the high yield wellblock will constantly reduce.This dynamic change becomes the basis of the microbial oil gas reservoir characterization technique of remaining oil distribution detection of dynamic in the oil-gas field development again.
Because the little seepage at the underground methane of hydrocarbon-bearing pool mining area has dynamic; In developing of reservoirs, the pressure of oil reservoir, gas-bearing formation, oil gas mixolimnion or gas hydrate layer and the variation of methane concentration can directly cause the quantity generation dynamic change of methane-oxidizing bacteria in the soil of hydrocarbon-bearing pool top and/or the settling, so forefathers have set up the microbial process of reservoir characterization in view of the above.They pass through to detect the number of viable of methane-oxidizing bacteria in different time point hydrocarbon-bearing pools top topsoils and/or the settling, and come hydrocarbon-bearing pool is characterized based on the unusual similarities and differences of the viable bacteria of different time point methane-oxidizing bacterias.
Microbial oil gas exploration and reservoir characterization technology start from USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics).As far back as nineteen thirty-seven, The former Russian scholar has just proposed microbial oil gas exploration method, for significant contribution has been made in the discovery in volga-oil field, Ural.In the sixties in last century, microbial oil gas exploration method is widely studied and is adopted in states such as USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), the U.S., Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, Germany, finds the rate of accuracy reached 50-65% between microbiological anomaly and the drilling well result.After this because of lighter hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon-bearing pool are argued to the mode of face of land diffusion and the specificity problem of lighter hydrocarbons oxidation bacterium, thereby influenced the development of this method; And the research and development that Germany and American scholar still continue this technology, on the basis of fully proving the theoretical reliability of the little seepage of lighter hydrocarbons, significantly improved the accuracy of microorganism detection technology and interpretation model, set up method of seismic exploration and the exploration new model that oil gas microorganism detection technology combines, microbial oil gas exploration and reservoir characterization technology have been become significantly improve oil-gas exploration success ratio, reduction exploration risk, laying adjustment well location, the new structural synthesis oil-gas exploration of formulating the high-efficiency mining scheme and the important component part of reservoir characterization technology.
China's microbial oil gas exploration research starts from the fifties in last century not.Institute of Micro-biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences adopts this method that more than 20 known oil districts and unknown area are explored during 1956-1971, and the result of discovery microbiological prospecting method and the goodness of fit of drilling data have confirmed the operability of method about 65%.During the 1986-2000, in the exploration of the north, China South Sea and 4 the cooperation blocks in the Bohai Sea, adopt microbial oil gas exploration (MOST) technology of the U.S. to obtain important oil gas discovery in the exploration area.China in 2000 begin to introduce the Microbial Prospecting of Oil and Gas technology (MPOG) of Germany, have obtained effect preferably.2002, Changjiang University and German scholar cooperation connected basin horse nit down warping region in western willow area and two jointly and have carried out the research of microbial oil gas exploration, have obtained comparatively ideal exploration effects.2007, the MOST technology entered the land marine facies petroleum exploration domain of China first, and has obtained noticeable achievement.Through years of researches, Changjiang University has set up microbial oil gas exploration technology, and in basin, China Erdos, loose distant basin and basin, Bohai Sea Gulf obtained successful Application.Also have a lot of units that microbial oil gas exploration method is tested, all obtain more satisfactory effect.
Yet there are obvious defects in existing microbial oil gas exploration and reservoir characterization method and technology thereof:
(1) time owing to whole processes such as oil gas generation, storage, migration and preservations is to calculate with the time scale in 100,000 years; And in this very long process, the little seepage of the methane in the hydrocarbon-bearing pool is not successive usually, but interruption-pulsed.When the microfissure in location, exploration area was in tensile state, the flux of the little seepage of methane was just bigger, and the viable bacteria of methane-oxidizing bacteria is unusual just stronger in topsoil and/or the settling above it; And when the microfissure in location, exploration area was in squeezed state, the flux of the little seepage of methane was just less, above it in topsoil and/or the settling viable bacteria of methane-oxidizing bacteria unusual just a little less than.That is to say, when prior art only adopts the viable bacteria of methane-oxidizing bacteria to carry out oil-gas exploration as the microbiological prospecting index unusually, not only might can't find those microfissures in the exploration area and be in the location potential target of oil-gas exploration (and be actually) of squeezed state, and can't be evaluated in the whole processes such as oil gas generation, storage, migration and preservation, the methane total flux of tiny leakage is at which location height in the exploration area, and which location is low.
(2) because prior art only can obtain unusual this microbiological prospecting index of the viable bacteria of methane-oxidizing bacteria from the topsoil of exploration area and/or settling, so prior art can't be used to inquire into the historical and evolution of tiny leakage of exploration areas methane.
(3) for being in exploration areas such as extreme environment (desert, Gobi desert and saltings etc.) and deep water basin now, the number of viable of the methane-oxidizing bacteria in its topsoil and/or the settling may be considerably less now; Yet some location of this exploration areas is in period of history (from the time scale of a century to thousand year), and the number of viable of its methane-oxidizing bacteria may be a lot, but the methane-oxidizing bacteria overwhelming majority who remains now is dead bacterium.As seen, for the exploration areas that is in extreme environment now, only adopt the number of viable of methane-oxidizing bacteria obviously to have limitation, even prior art is not proved effective in these areas as microbial oil gas exploration index.
When (4) need be different two of same hydrocarbon-bearing pool mining area point sampling and to sample in the number of viable of methane-oxidizing bacteria carry out systems measurement.Cause on the one hand the sampling remarkable increase of cost of the inevitable outcome of this requirement, especially to the sign of marine oil gas reservoir, its cost increases can be more remarkable; Cause existing microbial oil gas reservoir characterizing method and technology thereof in fact can't implement immediately on the other hand in a lot of hydrocarbon-bearing pool mining areas, because the work of microorganism reservoir characterization had not been carried out in most of now hydrocarbon-bearing pools, be exactly to carry out the work of microorganism reservoir characterization now immediately, also can only obtain now the number of viable of (time point) hydrocarbon-bearing pool top methane-oxidizing bacteria, can not provide the microorganism characterization result of this hydrocarbon-bearing pool at once, and must wait for that one not short period is (at least more than half a year; If the time is too short, be difficult to reflect that methane-oxidizing bacteria is in the difference on the number of viable between two time points) after, just can draw significant reservoir characterization result when carrying out sampling for the second time again and obtaining the number of viable of methane-oxidizing bacteria.
(5) current mining of hydrocarbon-bearing pool and the situation before the hydrocarbon-bearing pool exploitation can't be compared, thereby restricted us the relation between residue oil gas stock number and the produced quantity is assessed, be unfavorable for laying the adjustment well and formulating recovery scheme efficiently in middle and later periods hydrocarbon-bearing pool mining area.
(6) laying of grid degree, sampling depth, sampling quantity and sample packaging and the sample retention condition to sampling point lacks the concrete scheme that is fit to oil-gas exploration and reservoir characterization zone.
Summary of the invention
Order of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of new oil-gas exploration and the microbial process of reservoir characterization are provided, promptly by detecting number of viable and the total count amount of methane-oxidizing bacteria in exploration areas and/or hydrocarbon-bearing pool top topsoil and/or the settling simultaneously, and by total bacterium unusually and total bacterium is unusual carries out microbial oil gas exploration and reservoir characterization work with the similarities and differences of viable bacteria between unusually.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The method of a kind of microbial oil gas exploration and reservoir characterization, realize in the following manner:, obtain the total count amount of methane-oxidizing bacteria or obtain number of viable and the total count amount of methane-oxidizing bacteria simultaneously by total bacterium of measuring methane-oxidizing bacteria in exploration areas and/or the reservoir characterization district or the viable bacteria of measuring methane-oxidizing bacteria simultaneously and total bacterium.
In aforesaid method, by total count amount that obtains methane-oxidizing bacteria or number of viable and the total count amount that obtains methane-oxidizing bacteria simultaneously, it is unusual to obtain total bacterium, or it is unusual to obtain the unusual and total bacterium of viable bacteria of methane-oxidizing bacteria simultaneously.
Total bacterium by selected methane-oxidizing bacteria is unusual, or the unusual and total bacterium of viable bacteria of selecting methane-oxidizing bacteria simultaneously is unusual, or be the index of microbial oil gas exploration with the similarities and differences of the unusual and total bacterium of the viable bacteria of methane-oxidizing bacteria between unusually, exploration areas is carried out oil and gas resource evaluation and prediction.
With the similarities and differences of the unusual and total bacterium of the viable bacteria of methane-oxidizing bacteria between unusually is the index of microorganism reservoir characterization, and the dynamic change of hydrocarbon resources in the hydrocarbon-bearing pool recovery process is estimated and predicted.
The method of mentioned microorganism oil-gas exploration and reservoir characterization specifically comprises the steps:
1, according to the accuracy requirement of thickness, exploration areas or hydrocarbon-bearing pool top soil and/or characteristics of Sediments, oil-gas exploration and the reservoir characterization of the space size of oil generation gas basin, trap structure or hydrocarbon-bearing pool, hydrocarbon source rock, in exploration of above oil generation gas basin or hydrocarbon-bearing pool, selecting or the sign zone, lay sampling point by specific grid degree.Studies show that the grid degree of this method is from 10 m * 10 m to 2000 m * 2000 m.
2, according to biotic population feature and mankind's activity situation in oil generation gas basin or hydrocarbon-bearing pool top soil and/or characteristics of Sediments, soil and/or the settling, determine specific sampling depth.Studies show that the sampling depth of this method is from 10 cm to 200 cm.
3, according to biotic population feature and mankind's activity situation in oil generation gas basin or hydrocarbon-bearing pool top soil and/or characteristics of Sediments, soil and/or the settling, determine specific sampling quantity.Studies show that the sampling quantity of this method is from 20 g to 2000 g.
4, in selected oil-gas exploration and reservoir characterization zone, according to specific grid degree, sampling depth and sampling quantity system acquisition soil and/or sediment sample; Pack sample and rapidly sample is carried out freezing preservation with blocky sterilizing bag.Studies show that the freezing storage temperature of the sample of this method is from-10 ℃ to-30 ℃.
5, adopt the number of viable of methane-oxidizing bacteria in flat band method, most probable number method (MPN), bacterium bottle method or the fluorescence quantitative PCR method working sample; Adopt the total count amount of methane-oxidizing bacteria in the fluorescence quantitative PCR method working sample.
6, with the viable bacteria data of the methane-oxidizing bacteria that obtains and total count according to being plotted in the lump on map, topographic map, geologic map or the terrain and geologic map in selected exploration areas or reservoir characterization district with the longitude and latitude data of sampling point, and with bacterium lines such as these data draftings, thereby the unusual and total bacterium of viable bacteria that obtains methane-oxidizing bacteria is unusual.
7, in conjunction with number of viable and the total count amount of methane-oxidizing bacteria, the unusual feature of the unusual and total bacterium of the viable bacteria of multianalysis methane-oxidizing bacteria, and both similarities and differences are carried out the contrast of following aspect:
(1) number, position and the variation thereof at unusual center;
(2) unusual form and variation thereof;
(3) unusual size and changing;
(4) unusual intensity and variation thereof;
(5) relation and variation thereof between different unusual;
(6) unusual and relation between the producing well and variation thereof now.
8, according to methane-oxidizing bacteria the feature that total bacterium is unusual, viable bacteria is unusual and total bacterium is unusual and the similarities and differences of the unusual and total bacterium of viable bacteria between unusually, and, the underground oil and gas resource situation in exploration areas or reservoir characterization district is made the recovery scheme of estimating and predicting or propose hydrocarbon-bearing pool in conjunction with geological prospecting, geochemical prospecting and geophysical survey result.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) taken all factors into consideration the space size of oil generation gas basin, trap structure and hydrocarbon-bearing pool, the thickness of hydrocarbon source rock, the accuracy requirement of exploration areas or hydrocarbon-bearing pool top topsoil and/or characteristics of Sediments and oil-gas exploration and reservoir characterization is to the influence of sampling point grid degree, propose specifiable lattice degree of the present invention for from 10 m * 10 m to 2000 m * 2000 m, avoided the randomness of prior art on the sampling grid degree.
(2) biotic population feature and mankind's activity situation have been taken all factors into consideration in oil generation gas basin or hydrocarbon-bearing pool top topsoil and/or characteristics of Sediments, soil and/or the settling to the influence of sampling depth, proposing the particular sample degree of depth of the present invention is from 10 cm to 200 cm, avoided the randomness of prior art on sampling depth, and guaranteed effectively to get rid of of the interference of face of land factor microbial oil gas exploration and reservoir characterization method.
(3) biotic population feature and mankind's activity situation have been taken all factors into consideration in oil generation gas basin or hydrocarbon-bearing pool top soil and/or characteristics of Sediments, soil and/or the settling to the influence of sampling quantity, proposing particular sample amount of the present invention is from 20 g to 2000 g, avoided the randomness of prior art on sampling quantity, both guaranteed the counting precision of methane-oxidizing bacteria, can improve again sample determination efficiency, reduce cost.
(4) taken all factors into consideration the influence of sample packaging and store method to follow-up methane-oxidizing bacteria counting, proposition is packed the back with sample with blocky sterilizing bag and rapidly sample is carried out freezing (10 ℃ to-30 ℃) and preserve, avoided the randomness of prior art to sample packaging and store method, not only evaded pollution that external environment may cause institute's collected specimens and the crossed contamination between the sample, and guaranteed that sample does not influence the counting precision of methane-oxidizing bacteria because of the change of its ambient conditions.
(5), propose viable bacteria and the total bacterium of methane-oxidizing bacteria in each sample are counted simultaneously according to the preservation situation of methane-oxidizing bacteria in soil and/or the settling; And prior art is only counted the viable bacteria of methane-oxidizing bacteria in the sample, and related to total bacterium of methane-oxidizing bacteria in the sample is not counted.
(6) prior art because of the number of viable that only adopts methane-oxidizing bacteria as microbial oil gas exploration index, so not only might can't find the location potential target of oil-gas exploration (and be actually) that those microfissures in the exploration area are in squeezed state, and the methane total flux that can't assess tiny leakage in the exploration area is at which location height, and which location is low; And the present invention is unusual because of the unusual and total bacterium of the viable bacteria that can obtain methane-oxidizing bacteria simultaneously, broken through the restriction bottleneck of prior art, both can effectively explore, also can assess the spatial distribution characteristic of methane total flux in the exploration area of tiny leakage the location that those microfissures in the exploration area are in squeezed state.Prior art is because of analyzing by the sample to single acquisition, so it is unusual only to obtain the viable bacteria of methane-oxidizing bacteria; Obviously, can't carry out the microorganism sign to hydrocarbon-bearing pool based on these data; And the present invention is unusual because of the unusual and total bacterium of viable bacteria that can obtain methane-oxidizing bacteria from the sample of single acquisition simultaneously, so just can carry out the microorganism sign to hydrocarbon-bearing pool based on the unusual similarities and differences of the unusual and total bacterium of viable bacteria, broken through the restriction bottleneck of prior art, provide more efficient, convenient and technique means timely for middle and later periods hydrocarbon-bearing pool mining area lay to adjust well location and formulates recovery scheme, and the microorganism that has significantly reduced hydrocarbon-bearing pool characterize cost.
(7) from topsoil and/or settling, only can obtain the number of viable of methane-oxidizing bacteria because of prior art, so can't be used to inquire into the historical and evolution of tiny leakage of exploration areas methane; And number of viable and the total count amount of the present invention, so can be used for inquiring into the historical and evolution of tiny leakage of exploration areas methane because of obtaining methane-oxidizing bacteria simultaneously.The current mining of hydrocarbon-bearing pool and the situation before the hydrocarbon-bearing pool exploitation can't be done contrast because of prior art, the relation between residue oil gas stock number and the produced quantity be assessed thereby restricted us; And the viable bacteria unusual and total bacterium unusual (wherein the total bacterium of methane-oxidizing bacteria unusually can reflect hydrocarbon-bearing pool situation before exploitation) of the present invention because of from the sample of single acquisition, obtaining methane-oxidizing bacteria simultaneously, so also can assess the residue oil gas stock number of hydrocarbon-bearing pool and the relation between the produced quantity based on the unusual similarities and differences of the unusual and total bacterium of viable bacteria, this helps in time, reasonably formulating laying scheme and the high-efficiency mining scheme of adjusting well in middle and later periods hydrocarbon-bearing pool mining area.
(8) from topsoil and/or settling, only can obtain the number of viable of methane-oxidizing bacteria because of prior art, so prior art is not suitable for being used for being in now the exploration areas of extreme environment; And number of viable and the total count amount of the present invention, so can be used for oil-gas exploration is carried out in the exploration area that also is in extreme environment now because of obtaining methane-oxidizing bacteria simultaneously.
Description of drawings
The viable bacteria of oil-gas exploration that Fig. 1 relates to for embodiment 1 and reservoir characterization zone methane-oxidizing bacteria is schemed unusually;
Wherein, it is unusual that 1-1,1-2,1-3 and 1-4 represent 4 viable bacterias according to the delineation of methane-oxidizing bacteria number of viable; W1, W2, W3, W4, W5, W6, W7 and W8 are 8 producing wells that now recovering the oil.
Total bacterium of oil-gas exploration that Fig. 2 relates to for embodiment 1 and reservoir characterization zone methane-oxidizing bacteria is schemed unusually;
Wherein, it is unusual that 2-1,2-2,2-3 and 2-4 represent 4 total bacterium according to the delineation of methane-oxidizing bacteria total count amount; W1, W2, W3, W4, W5, W6, W7 and W8 are 8 producing wells that now recovering the oil.
The viable bacteria of the reservoir characterization zone methane-oxidizing bacteria that Fig. 3 relates to for embodiment 2 is schemed unusually;
Wherein, it is unusual that 3-1,3-2,3-3 and 3-4 represent 4 viable bacterias according to the delineation of methane-oxidizing bacteria number of viable.
Total bacterium of the reservoir characterization zone methane-oxidizing bacteria that Fig. 4 relates to for embodiment 2 is schemed unusually;
Wherein, it is unusual that 4-1,4-2,4-3 and 4-4 represent 4 total bacterium according to the delineation of methane-oxidizing bacteria total count amount.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Embodiment 1 related zone is an oil gas Tibetan area (as depicted in figs. 1 and 2) of developing, and both can carry out the microbial oil gas exploration, also can carry out reservoir characterization.This method comprises following concrete steps:
1, according to the accuracy requirement of thickness, exploration areas or hydrocarbon-bearing pool top soil and/or characteristics of Sediments, oil-gas exploration and the reservoir characterization of the space size of oil generation gas basin, trap structure and hydrocarbon-bearing pool, hydrocarbon source rock, in selected exploration or sign zone, selected grid degree is 150 m ~ 250 m * 150 m ~ 250 m (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).
2, according to biotic population feature and mankind's activity situation in oil generation gas basin and hydrocarbon-bearing pool top soil and/or characteristics of Sediments, soil and/or the settling, definite sampling depth is from 30 cm ~ 50 cm (table 1).
3, according to biotic population feature and mankind's activity situation in oil generation gas basin and hydrocarbon-bearing pool top soil and/or characteristics of Sediments, soil and/or the settling, definite sampling quantity is 100 g ~ 500 g.
4, in selected oil-gas exploration and reservoir characterization zone, according to specific grid degree, sampling depth and sampling quantity system acquisition soil and/or sediment sample; Pack sample and sample is placed-15 ℃ refrigerator carry out freezing preservation rapidly with blocky sterilizing bag.
5, adopt number of viable and the total count amount (table 1) of methane-oxidizing bacteria in the fluorescence quantitative PCR method while working sample.
6, viable bacteria data and the total count with the methane-oxidizing bacteria that obtains is plotted on the map in selected exploration areas or reservoir characterization district in the lump according to the longitude and latitude data with sampling point, and with bacterium lines such as these data draftings, thereby obtain the viable bacteria unusual (Fig. 1) of methane-oxidizing bacteria and total bacterium (Fig. 2) unusually.
7, in conjunction with number of viable and the total count amount (table 1) of methane-oxidizing bacteria, the viable bacteria of multianalysis methane-oxidizing bacteria unusual (Fig. 1) and total bacterium be the feature of (Fig. 2) unusually, and both similarities and differences are carried out the contrast of following aspect:
(1) number, position and the variation thereof at unusual center;
(2) unusual form and variation thereof;
(3) unusual size and changing;
(4) unusual intensity and variation thereof;
(5) relation and variation thereof between different unusual;
(6) unusual and relation between the producing well and variation thereof now.
8, according to the unusual feature of the unusual and total bacterium of the viable bacteria of methane-oxidizing bacteria and the similarities and differences between the two, and, the following decision recommendation relevant with oil-gas exploration and reservoir characterization proposed for the underground oil and gas resource situation in exploration areas or reservoir characterization district in conjunction with geological prospecting, geochemical prospecting and geophysical survey result:
(1) adopting number of viable is that index can be irised out 4 main abnormal (Fig. 1) in the exploration area, and wherein unusual 1-1 is for being with bicentric north-south unusual; Unusual 1-2 and unusual 1-3 are and are with bicentric East West unusual; Unusual 1-4 is that monocentric subcircular is unusual.
(2) adopting the total count amount is that index can be irised out 4 main unusual (Fig. 2) in the exploration area, and it is unusual that wherein unusual 2-1 and unusual 2-4 are monocentric subcircular; Unusual 2-2 is for being with bicentric East West unusual; Unusual 2-3 is and is with bicentric north-south unusual.
(3) the unusual and total bacterium of viable bacteria being compared the research back unusually finds: unusual 2-1 (Fig. 2) has bicentric unusual 1-1 (Fig. 1) because of the oil recovery of producing well W1 is transformed into this unusually, the laying that shows producing well W1 has obviously departed from unusual 2-1, should be laid in this unusual central position so suggestion is following at this unusual producing well.Unusual 2-2 (Fig. 2) weakens this unusual center, right side because of the oil recovery of producing well W2 and W3, and to this unusual center, left side influence little (the unusual 1-2 among Fig. 1), the center, left side also keeps its original high (the unusual 1-2 among Fig. 1) unusually, so the following position that should be laid in center, close left side unusually at this unusual producing well of suggestion.Unusual 2-3 (Fig. 2) makes this unusual long axis direction that deflection take place because of the oil recovery of producing well W4 ~ W8, change transmeridional unusual 1-3 (Fig. 1) into from the north-south, and this unusual southern center almost disappears (Fig. 1), should be laid near this unusual northern central position (Fig. 2) at this unusual producing well so suggestion is following.Unusual 2-4 (Fig. 2) is newfound microorganism intense anomaly, may represent new oil gas drilling target, and existing producing well is to unusual 2-4 (Fig. 2) not influence substantially, so should be laid near this unusual central position (Fig. 2) at this unusual producing well future.
Embodiment 2
Embodiment 2 related exploration areas are unknown exploration areas (as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4), but have carried out geological prospecting and seismic prospecting research.A kind of novel method of microbial oil gas exploration, this method comprises following concrete steps:
1, according to the size of oil generation gas basin and trap structure, thickness, topsoil and/or the characteristics of Sediments of hydrocarbon source rock and the requirement of exploration order ground and surveying accuracy, in the survey area of selecting above oil generation gas basin, selected grid degree is 150 m ~ 250 m * 150 m ~ 250 m (Fig. 3 and Fig. 4).
2, according to biotic population feature and mankind's activity situation in oil generation gas basin top soil and/or characteristics of Sediments, soil and/or the settling, determine that specific sampling depth is 20 cm ~ 70 cm (table 2).
3, according to biotic population feature and mankind's activity situation in oil generation gas basin top soil and/or characteristics of Sediments, soil and/or the settling, definite sampling quantity is 100 g ~ 2000 g.
4, in selected exploration areas, according to selected grid degree, sampling depth and sampling quantity system acquisition soil and/or sediment sample; Pack sample and sample is placed-15 ℃ refrigerator carry out freezing preservation rapidly with blocky sterilizing bag.
5, adopt number of viable and the total count amount (table 2) of methane-oxidizing bacteria in the fluorescence quantitative PCR method while working sample.
6, viable bacteria data and the total count with the methane-oxidizing bacteria that obtains is plotted on the map of exploration areas in the lump according to the longitude and latitude data with sampling point, and these data the bacterium line such as are depicted as, thereby obtain the viable bacteria unusual (Fig. 3) of methane-oxidizing bacteria and total bacterium (Fig. 4) unusually.
7, in conjunction with number of viable and the total count amount (table 2) of methane-oxidizing bacteria, the viable bacteria of multianalysis methane-oxidizing bacteria unusual (Fig. 3) and total bacterium be the feature of (Fig. 4) unusually, and both similarities and differences are compared.
8, according to the unusual and total bacterium of the viable bacteria of methane-oxidizing bacteria the unusual feature and the similarities and differences between the two (Fig. 3 and Fig. 4), and, the underground oil and gas resource situation of the exploration area of embodiment one is made following evaluation and prediction in conjunction with geological prospecting, geochemical prospecting and geophysical survey result:
(1) adopting number of viable is that index can be irised out 4 unusual (Fig. 3) in the exploration area, promptly unusual 3-1, unusual 3-2, unusual 3-3 and unusual 3-4, and it is unusual that they are monocentric subcircular; Other is high unusually for the strength ratio of wherein unusual 3-1.
(2) adopting the total count amount is that index can be irised out 4 unusual (Fig. 4) in the exploration area, promptly unusual 4-1, unusual 4-2, unusual 4-3 and unusual 4-4, and it is unusual that they are monocentric subcircular; Other are unusual high a lot of for the strength ratio of wherein unusual 4-1.
(3) take all factors into consideration total count amount and number of viable, total bacterium is unusual and viable bacteria is unusual spatial distribution and geological prospecting result, can make following prediction, promptly unusual 4-1 is likely new oil gas drilling target.
Number of viable of methane-oxidizing bacteria and total count quantitative analysis result in oil-gas exploration that table 1 relates to for embodiment 1 and the reservoir characterization district sample.
Number of viable of methane-oxidizing bacteria and total count quantitative analysis result in the exploration areas sample that table 2 relates to for embodiment 2.
Table 1
| Sample number | Sampling depth (cm) | Number of viable (10 7Individual/the g sample) | Total count amount (10 7Individual/the g sample) |
| DB1 | 50 | 10400 | 31200 |
| DB2 | 50 | 9950 | 74950 |
| DB3 | 30 | 19350 | 24800 |
| DB4 | 30 | 194000 | 4769000 |
| DB5 | 50 | 1540000 | 3225000 |
| DB6 | 50 | 1555000 | 2690000 |
| DB7 | 50 | 2030000 | 3115000 |
| DB8 | 50 | 695000 | 2020000 |
| DB9 | 30 | 1 | 1465001 |
| DB10 | 30 | 985000 | 2930000 |
| DB11 | 50 | 11150 | 30950 |
| DB12 | 30 | 8950 | 24650 |
| DB13 | 50 | 15950 | 48800 |
| DB14 | 30 | 15000 | 31500 |
| DB15 | 30 | 915000 | 1940000 |
| DB16 | 30 | 1430000 | 2530000 |
| DB17 | 50 | 1130000 | 1363500 |
| DB18 | 50 | 231000 | 468500 |
| DB19 | 50 | 1220000 | 1424000 |
| DB20 | 50 | 860000 | 1147000 |
| DB21 | 30 | 378500 | 9578500 |
| DB22 | 50 | 2555000 | 6740000 |
| DB23 | 30 | 225000 | 338500 |
| DB24 | 50 | 55500 | 169000 |
| DB25 | 50 | 570 | 1570 |
| DB26 | 50 | 27500 | 50450 |
| DB27 | 50 | 18250 | 51900 |
| DB28 | 50 | 17450 | 38450 |
| DB29 | 30 | 24400 | 36150 |
| DB30 | 50 | 322000 | 627000 |
| DB31 | 50 | 280000 | 529500 |
| DB32 | 50 | 103500 | 222000 |
| DB33 | 30 | 61000 | 152000 |
| DB34 | 30 | 424 | 1459 |
| DB35 | 50 | 28200 | 129700 |
| DB36 | 50 | 23150 | 44000 |
| DB37 | 50 | 18250 | 31650 |
| DB38 | 50 | 22250 | 50300 |
| DB39 | 30 | 13550 | 34800 |
| DB40 | 50 | 1190000 | 2720000 |
| DB41 | 50 | 935000 | 2365000 |
| DB42 | 50 | 292000 | 664500 |
| DB43 | 50 | 277500 | 608500 |
| DB44 | 50 | 256000 | 505000 |
| DB45 | 50 | 45950 | 364950 |
| DB46 | 50 | 6900000 | 17400000 |
| DB47 | 50 | 2995000 | 12195000 |
| DB48 | 50 | 123500 | 552500 |
| DB49 | 50 | 52500 | 189500 |
| DB50 | 50 | 620 | 1096 |
| DB51 | 50 | 19250 | 38200 |
| DB52 | 30 | 20900 | 49450 |
| DB53 | 50 | 19150 | 41850 |
| DB54 | 50 | 11150 | 28700 |
| DB55 | 30 | 261000 | 1616000 |
| DB56 | 50 | 515000 | 2385000 |
| DB57 | 50 | 900000 | 2070000 |
| DB58 | 50 | 286500 | 747000 |
| DB59 | 30 | 250500 | 566000 |
| DB60 | 50 | 200500 | 622000 |
| DB61 | 50 | 427500 | 821000 |
| DB62 | 30 | 2565000 | 12465000 |
| DB63 | 30 | 1745000 | 2405000 |
| DB64 | 50 | 159500 | 628000 |
| DB65 | 50 | 54000 | 57545 |
| DB66 | 50 | 520 | 3020 |
| DB67 | 30 | 17250 | 37500 |
| DB68 | 30 | 22300 | 92800 |
| DB69 | 30 | 24050 | 48450 |
| DB70 | 50 | 27850 | 38850 |
| DB71 | 50 | 770000 | 2240000 |
| DB72 | 50 | 615000 | 2725000 |
| DB73 | 30 | 9550 | 102550 |
| DB74 | 50 | 345500 | 484500 |
| DB75 | 50 | 378000 | 829500 |
| DB76 | 50 | 315500 | 681000 |
| DB77 | 30 | 353000 | 731000 |
| DB78 | 50 | 8950000 | 18150000 |
| DB79 | 30 | 1790000 | 2410000 |
| DB80 | 30 | 244500 | 343000 |
| DB81 | 50 | 8850 | 15450 |
| DB82 | 50 | 425 | 809 |
| DB83 | 30 | 10100 | 18850 |
| DB84 | 30 | 20600 | 52150 |
| DB85 | 50 | 22950 | 76950 |
Table 2
| Period | Sampling depth (cm) | Viable bacteria number (10 10Individual/the g sample) | Total count order (10 10Individual/the g sample) |
| X1 | 70 | 13900 | 28050 |
| X2 | 70 | 44 | 183044 |
| X3 | 30 | 62 | 131 |
| X4 | 50 | 3 | 6 |
| X5 | 50 | 25 | 51 |
| X6 | 50 | 11 | 26 |
| X7 | 30 | 37 | 74 |
| X8 | 30 | 46 | 62 |
| X9 | 30 | 22 | 43 |
| X10 | 30 | 1440 | 2950 |
| X11 | 30 | 1735 | 3565 |
| X12 | 20 | 255 | 530 |
| X13 | 30 | 329 | 1014 |
| X14 | 50 | 775 | 1970 |
| X15 | 50 | 835 | 2055 |
| X16 | 50 | 1885 | 4555 |
| X17 | 50 | 10300 | 20700 |
| X18 | 50 | 7 | 383 |
| X19 | 50 | 243 | 496 |
| X20 | 30 | 3 | 6 |
| X21 | 30 | 9 | 24 |
| X22 | 50 | 8 | 24 |
| X23 | 50 | 26 | 54 |
| X24 | 50 | 28 | 48 |
| X25 | 50 | 30 | 55 |
| X26 | 50 | 620 | 1610 |
| X27 | 50 | 1495 | 3610 |
| X28 | 50 | 560 | 1180 |
| X29 | 50 | 100 | 221 |
| X30 | 30 | 494 | 1219 |
| X31 | 50 | 555 | 1330 |
| X32 | 50 | 540 | 1535 |
| X33 | 50 | 4370 | 10470 |
| X34 | 50 | 12 | 148 |
| X35 | 50 | 1740 | 3835 |
| X36 | 50 | 6 | 12 |
| X37 | 50 | 2 | 5 |
| X38 | 50 | 15 | 37 |
| X39 | 50 | 23 | 50 |
| X40 | 30 | 27 | 43 |
| X41 | 30 | 90 | 116 |
| X42 | 50 | 610 | 1580 |
| X43 | 50 | 2200 | 4070 |
| X44 | 50 | 675 | 1071 |
| X45 | 50 | 289 | 974 |
| X46 | 50 | 439 | 1194 |
| X47 | 50 | 705 | 2155 |
| X48 | 50 | 4035 | 4545 |
| X49 | 50 | 5050 | 9660 |
| X50 | 50 | 685 | 754 |
| X51 | 50 | 6 | 12 |
| X52 | 50 | 22 | 50 |
| X53 | 50 | 5 | 19 |
| X54 | 50 | 14 | 36 |
| X55 | 50 | 15 | 36 |
| X56 | 50 | 1040 | 2415 |
| X57 | 30 | 945 | 2395 |
| X58 | 30 | 670 | 1495 |
| X59 | 30 | 478 | 998 |
| X60 | 30 | 327 | 1072 |
Claims (6)
1. the method for microbial oil gas exploration and reservoir characterization, it is characterized in that realizing in the following manner:, obtain the total count amount of methane-oxidizing bacteria or obtain number of viable and the total count amount of methane-oxidizing bacteria simultaneously by total bacterium of measuring methane-oxidizing bacteria in exploration areas and/or the reservoir characterization district or the viable bacteria of measuring methane-oxidizing bacteria simultaneously and total bacterium.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, by total count amount that obtains methane-oxidizing bacteria or number of viable and the total count amount that obtains methane-oxidizing bacteria simultaneously, it is unusual to obtain total bacterium, or it is unusual to obtain the unusual and total bacterium of viable bacteria of methane-oxidizing bacteria simultaneously.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, total bacterium by selected methane-oxidizing bacteria is unusual, or the unusual and total bacterium of viable bacteria of selecting methane-oxidizing bacteria simultaneously is unusual, or be the index of microbial oil gas exploration with the similarities and differences of the unusual and total bacterium of the viable bacteria of methane-oxidizing bacteria between unusually, exploration areas is carried out oil and gas resource evaluation and prediction.
4. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, is the index of microorganism reservoir characterization with the similarities and differences of the unusual and total bacterium of the viable bacteria of methane-oxidizing bacteria between unusually, and the dynamic change of hydrocarbon resources in the hydrocarbon-bearing pool recovery process is estimated and predicted.
5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1), selected exploration or characterize in the zone above oil generation gas basin or hydrocarbon-bearing pool, lay sampling point by the grid degree of delimiting, the size of described grid degree is 10 m * 10 m to 2000 m * 2000 m;
(2), determine that the degree of depth of sampling is 10 ~ 200 cm;
(3), determine that sampling quantity is 20 ~ 2000 g;
(4), adopt the number of viable of methane-oxidizing bacteria in flat band method, most probable number method, bacterium bottle method or the fluorescence quantitative PCR method working sample; Adopt the total count amount of methane-oxidizing bacteria in the fluorescence quantitative PCR method working sample;
(5), with the viable bacteria data of the methane-oxidizing bacteria that obtains and total count according to being plotted in the lump on map, topographic map, geologic map or the terrain and geologic map in selected exploration areas or reservoir characterization district with the longitude and latitude data of sampling point, and with bacterium lines such as these data draftings, thereby the unusual and total bacterium of viable bacteria that obtains methane-oxidizing bacteria is unusual;
(6), according to the feature that total bacterium is unusual, viable bacteria is unusual and total bacterium is unusual of methane-oxidizing bacteria and the unusual and total bacterium of the viable bacteria similarities and differences between unusually, and, the underground oil and gas resource situation in exploration areas or reservoir characterization district is made evaluation and prediction in conjunction with geological prospecting, geochemical prospecting and geophysical survey result.
6. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that step (3) gained sample also carries out freezing preservation with sample rapidly with the bag packaging through sterilization, and the freezing storage temperature of sample is-10 ℃ to-30 ℃.
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| CN113322336A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-31 | 中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心(西北地质科技创新中心) | Carbonate rock oil gas exploration method and device |
| CN113202455A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-03 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司西南油气田分公司川中油气矿 | Oil exploration method and system based on Internet of things |
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