CN102170264B - Novel crane wound motor rotor chopping speed regulation system and method - Google Patents
Novel crane wound motor rotor chopping speed regulation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102170264B CN102170264B CN201110094743.6A CN201110094743A CN102170264B CN 102170264 B CN102170264 B CN 102170264B CN 201110094743 A CN201110094743 A CN 201110094743A CN 102170264 B CN102170264 B CN 102170264B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel crane wound motor rotor chopping speed regulation system and a novel crane wound motor rotor chopping speed regulation method. A motor stator side circuit comprises a transformer, a uniphase AC contactor and a uniphase rectifier bridge, wherein the transformer is connected to two of three phases of AC voltages; the uniphase AC contactor is connected to the primary side of the transformer; and the uniphase rectifier bridge is connected to the secondary side of the transformer. A motor rotor side circuit comprises a triphase rectifier bridge, a first insulated gate bipolar transistor, a second insulated gate bipolar transistor, a diode, a filtering capacitor and a fixed speed regulation resistor, wherein the triphase rectifier bridge is connected to the three phases of AC voltages; the first and second insulated gate bipolar transistors are connected in series and then connected in parallel to the two ends of the triphase rectifier bridge; the diode is connected in series with the fixed speed regulation resistor and then connected in parallel with the first insulated gate bipolar transistor; and one end of the filtering capacitor is connected with the cathode of the diode, and the other end of the filtering capacitor is connected with the emitter of the second insulated gate bipolar transistor. The novel crane wound motor rotor chopping speed regulation system not only preserves the advantages of conventional rotor circuit series resistor speed regulation and single-tube chopping speed regulation, but also can overcome the shortcomings of incapability of realizing low speed in a light load and high lowering loss in a high load.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hoisting wound motor, particularly a kind of Novel rotor chopping speed regulating system of hoisting wound motor and speed regulating method thereof.
Background technology
The lifting dragging motor major part of the domestic use of current China is still wire-wound asynchronous motor, and its most traditional mode of speed regulation is exactly rotor loop string graded resistance open loop speed governing.Its main circuit is made up of wire wound asynchronous motor, resistance box, A.C. contactor group, by controlling the switching of the connecting and disconnecting controlling resistance of A.C. contactor, regulates motor speed.The advantages such as this governing system has that starting performance is good, power factor is high, control method is simple, be easy to realize and initial investment is few.But this method also exists serious shortcoming, when mainly containing low speed, mechanical property is soft, static difference rate is comparatively large, speed adjustable range is restricted, and owing to being step speed regulation, progression is limited, and smooth speed control is poor, larger to load shock when resistance switches; Employing contactor controls, and bulky, failure rate is high, troublesome maintenance.
Along with the development of power electronic technology, the mode of speed regulation of hoisting wound motor has had to be improved, and rotor chopping speed regulating is exactly one wherein.Its main circuit is made up of wire wound asynchronous motor, three phase rectifier module, copped wave pipe and buffer circuit thereof, fixing speed adjusting resistance, A.C. contactor group.Original secondary-resistance by hand-guided is regulated by three-phase commutation bridge and copped wave pipe by it, thus realizes the step-less adjustment to fixed resistance, realizes the step-less adjustment of rotor rotating speed.The existing system adopting thyristor chopping regulating speed and adopt igbt (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor is called for short IGBT) chopping regulating speed at present.This speed-regulating scheme is easy to realize closed-loop control when general load, control precision is high, stationarity good, device volume is little, small investment, but is difficult to when underloading realize low speed requirement, and during heavy-load lowering, energy loss is large, can not realize power conservation requirement.
Summary of the invention
Underloading low speed and the energy-conservation problem of heavy-load lowering can not be realized to overcome existing rotor chopping speed regulating system, the invention provides a kind of Novel rotor chopping speed regulating system of hoisting wound motor and speed regulating method thereof, both remained the advantage of original rotor loop serial-resistance speed-regulation and single tube rotor chopping speed regulating, overcoming again underloading can not low speed, shortcoming that heavy-load lowering loss is large.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of Novel rotor chopping speed regulating system of hoisting wound motor, comprises motor stator lateral circuit and motor rotor lateral circuit,
Comprise in motor stator lateral circuit: be connected to the transformer of the wherein two-phase alternating current pressure of three-phase alternating voltage, be connected to a single phase ac contactor of this transformer primary side and be connected to the single-phase rectification bridge of this transformer secondary;
Comprise in motor rotor lateral circuit: be connected to the three-phase commutation bridge of three-phase alternating voltage, the first igbt, the second igbt, diode, filter capacitor and fixing speed adjusting resistance, first igbt and the second igbt are connected to the two ends of this three-phase commutation bridge after connecting, diode is in parallel with the first igbt after connecting with fixing speed adjusting resistance, one end of filter capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of diode, and the other end is connected with the emitter of the second igbt.
In the present invention, realize motor rotor chopping regulating speed by the equivalent resistance Duty ratio control of the first igbt, the second igbt being changed to rotor loop.
In the present invention, also comprise multiple A.C. contactor being connected to the wherein two-phase alternating current pressure of three-phase alternating voltage.
The present invention also also discloses a kind of New crane winding motors rotor chopping speed regulating method,
A, when load is standard termination, it comprises the treatment step promoting load and lowering loads;
B, when load is underloading, it comprises the treatment step promoting load and lowering loads;
C, when load is heavy-load lowering, it comprises the treatment step of heavy-load lowering.
In the present invention, steps A specifically comprises:
The step promoting load comprises:
A1, threephase stator passes into positive phase sequence three-phase electricity, and machine operation is in forward motoring condition, and the first A.C. contactor closes, and the second A.C. contactor, the 3rd A.C. contactor disconnect;
A2, the first igbt copped wave, the second igbt conducting, regulates the duty ratio of the first igbt, realizes speed governing;
A3, to speed of demanding perfection, then closes the 4th A.C. contactor, and the first igbt, the second igbt turn off;
The step of lowering loads comprises:
B1, threephase stator passes into positive phase sequence three-phase electricity, and machine operation is in drawing inverted status, and the first A.C. contactor closes, and the second A.C. contactor, the 3rd A.C. contactor disconnect;
B2, the first igbt turns off, and the second igbt copped wave, regulates the duty ratio of the second igbt, realize speed governing.
In the present invention, in step a2,
If the duty ratio of the first igbt is zero shutoff, be transitioned into the duty ratio of adjustment second igbt, realize low speed and promote speed governing.
In the present invention, step B specifically comprises:
The step promoting load comprises above-mentioned steps a1, step a2 and step a3;
The step of lowering loads comprises:
C1, performs step b1, b2, if the duty ratio of the second igbt is zero, then and can not lowering loads enter step c2;
C2, threephase stator passes into negative-phase sequence three-phase electricity, and machine operation is in reverse motoring condition, and the second A.C. contactor closes, and the first A.C. contactor, the 3rd A.C. contactor disconnect; And
C3, the first igbt copped wave, the second igbt conducting, regulates the duty ratio of the first igbt, realizes speed governing.
In the present invention, when load is heavy-load lowering, it adopts the dynamic braking operational mode of not electric consumption power, and step C specifically comprises:
D1, the 3rd A.C. contactor closes, and the first A.C. contactor, the second A.C. contactor disconnect;
D2, the first igbt copped wave, the second igbt conducting, regulates the duty ratio of the first igbt, realizes speed governing;
D3, to ask lowest speed, then the 4th A.C. contactor closes, and the first igbt, the second igbt turn off.
In the present invention, in steps d 2,
If the duty ratio of the first igbt is zero shutoff, be transitioned into the duty ratio of adjustment second igbt.
In the present invention,
To ask energy-conservation full speed to transfer, threephase stator passes into negative-phase sequence three-phase electricity, and machine operation is in reverse feedback generating state, and the second A.C. contactor closes, and the first A.C. contactor disconnects, the 3rd A.C. contactor disconnects, and the 4th A.C. contactor closes.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has: adopt Novel rotor chopping speed regulating system of hoisting wound motor of the present invention, remain the advantage of original rotor loop serial-resistance speed-regulation and single tube rotor chopping speed regulating, overcoming again underloading can not low speed, shortcoming that heavy-load lowering loss is large.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is two igbt (IGBT) the chopping regulating speed circuit diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the mechanical characteristic figure of asynchronous machine of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making to have a better understanding and awareness architectural feature of the present invention and effect of reaching, coordinating detailed description in order to preferred embodiment and accompanying drawing, being described as follows:
Fig. 1 is two igbt (IGBT) the chopping regulating speed circuit diagram of the present invention, as shown in the figure.In figure, AC is three-phase alternating voltage, and KM1 ~ 4 are the first ~ four A.C. contactor, and T is step-down transformer, and DC is direct voltage after single-phase rectifier, and D is diode, and C is filter capacitor, and Rex is fixing speed adjusting resistance.Rotor chopping speed regulating is exactly the equivalent resistance by duty ratio (PWM) the control break rotor loop to copped wave pipe, make machine operation on different mechanical characteristics, the mechanical characteristic of asynchronous machine as shown in Figure 2, a is forward electric operation, and b is reverse electric operation, and c is that reverse regenerative braking runs, d runs for drawing reversion, e is forward electric operation, and f is that dynamic braking runs, and g is that forward regenerative braking runs.
Novel rotor chopping speed regulating system of hoisting wound motor of the present invention, mainly comprises motor stator lateral circuit and motor rotor lateral circuit.
Comprise in motor stator lateral circuit: be connected to the transformer T of the wherein two-phase alternating current pressure of three-phase alternating voltage AC, be connected to a single-phase 3rd A.C. contactor KM3 on the former limit of this transformer T and be connected to the single-phase rectification bridge S1 of this transformer T secondary.That is by any for stator two phase voltages after transformer T step-down again through single-phase rectification bridge S1 uncontrollable rectifier, rectification export direct voltage be added in two same phase voltages.
Comprise in motor rotor lateral circuit: the three-phase commutation bridge S2 being connected to three-phase alternating voltage AC, first insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 1, second insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 2, diode D, filter capacitor C and fixing speed adjusting resistance Rex, first insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 1 and the second insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 2 are connected to the two ends of three-phase commutation bridge S2 after connecting, it is in parallel with the first insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 1 after diode D connects with fixing speed adjusting resistance Rex, one end of filter capacitor C is connected with the negative electrode of diode D, the other end is connected with the emitter of the second insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 2.
During underloading, the first insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 1 turns off, and the second insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 2 copped wave, realizes low speed; During heavy-load lowering, pass into above-mentioned direct voltage to motor stator side, control the duty ratio of the first insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 1 and the second insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 2 according to rotation speed requirements, realize speed governing.
Wherein, two igbts (IGBT) chopping regulating speed circuit diagram shown in Fig. 1 also comprises multiple A.C. contactor being connected to the wherein two-phase alternating current pressure of three-phase alternating voltage, such as the first A.C. contactor KM1, the second A.C. contactor KM2 and the 4th A.C. contactor KM4.
The mechanical characteristic figure of Fig. 2 asynchronous machine, the working method of main circuit determines primarily of load, and therefore, according to the change of load, the working method of main circuit is as follows:
1, general load lifting and lifting heavy duty
Promote load: threephase stator passes into positive phase sequence three-phase electricity, machine operation is in forward motoring condition, and the first A.C. contactor KM1 closes, and the second A.C. contactor KM2, the 3rd A.C. contactor KM3 disconnect; First insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 1 copped wave, the second insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 2 conducting, regulates the duty ratio of the first insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 1, can speed governing; To speed of demanding perfection, then the 4th A.C. contactor KM4 closes, and the first insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 1, second insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 2 turns off.
Lowering loads: threephase stator passes into positive phase sequence three-phase electricity, machine operation is in drawing inverted status, and the first A.C. contactor closes, and the second A.C. contactor, the 3rd A.C. contactor disconnect; First insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 1 copped wave, the second insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 2 conducting, regulates the duty ratio of the first insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 1, can speed governing.
2, underloading
Promote load: threephase stator passes into positive phase sequence three-phase electricity, machine operation is in forward motoring condition, and the first A.C. contactor KM1 closes, and the second A.C. contactor KM2, the 3rd A.C. contactor KM3 disconnect; First insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 1 turns off, and the second insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 2 copped wave, regulates the duty ratio of the second insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 2, can speed governing; When transferring underloading, push down and drawing reversion to control to implement, if the duty ratio of the second igbt is zero still can not to transfer, threephase stator passes into negative-phase sequence three-phase electricity, machine operation is in reverse motoring condition, and the second A.C. contactor closes, and the first A.C. contactor, the 3rd A.C. contactor disconnect; First igbt copped wave, the second igbt conducting, regulates the duty ratio of the first igbt, realizes speed governing.
Require during the general underloading of crane that rotating speed is lower, realize this requirement, the crosstalk resistance of rotor loop institute can only be increased in the governing system adopting single tube copped wave, this will make resistance volume increase, slip loss increases, when adopting the governing system of two-tube copped wave, first insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 1 turns off, second insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 2 copped wave, in fact be exactly that the crosstalk resistance of rotor loop institute is alternately switched between finite value and infinity, realize the requirement that underloading low speed reduces loss.
3, heavy duty
Heavy-load lowering: the 3rd A.C. contactor KM3 closes, and the first A.C. contactor KM1, the second A.C. contactor KM2 disconnect; First igbt copped wave, second igbt conducting, regulates the duty ratio of the first igbt, realizes speed governing, if the duty ratio of the first igbt is zero shutoff, be transitioned into the duty ratio of adjustment second igbt; To ask lowest speed, then the 4th A.C. contactor KM4 closes, and the first insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 1, second insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 2 turns off.
4, transfer at full speed
To ask energy-conservation full speed to transfer, threephase stator passes into negative-phase sequence three-phase electricity, and machine operation is in reverse feedback generating state, and the second A.C. contactor closes, and the first A.C. contactor disconnects, the 3rd A.C. contactor disconnects, and the 4th A.C. contactor closes.
General rotor chopping speed regulating system, what adopt during heavy-load lowering is the mode of drawing reversion, motor stator end passes into positive-phase-sequence current, be connected in series larger resistance in rotor loop, because load torque is very large, dragging motor reverses, revolutional slip is greater than 1, therefore the potential energy of load changes into the mechanical output of motor, and equally with electromagnetic power all converts slip power to, and slip loss is very large; When adopting dynamic braking, the direction of transfer of power is constant, namely mechanical output motor reel inputted is from the minimizing of load potential energy, mechanical output is that electrical power post consumption is in rotor loop in motor internal conversion, but under this operational mode, the constant that during revolutional slip, absolute value is less than 1, and draws compared with operation of reversing, when the lowering velocity of load torque and requirement is identical, slip loss obviously reduces.
The enforcement of running status of the present invention is implemented based on DSP or other microprocessor-based control plates by one piece, detectable motor speed, to turn to, control each contactor break-make, export first, second IGBT switching signal, control duty ratio, regulate the equivalent resistance sealing in rotor loop, reach the object of speed governing, and control soon corresponding.
In sum, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not be used for limiting scope of the invention process, all equalizations of doing according to shape, structure, feature and the spirit described in the claims in the present invention scope change and modify, and all should be included in right of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a Novel rotor chopping speed regulating system of hoisting wound motor, comprises motor stator lateral circuit and motor rotor lateral circuit, it is characterized in that,
Comprise in motor stator lateral circuit: be connected to the transformer of the wherein two-phase alternating current pressure of three-phase alternating voltage, be connected to a single phase ac contactor of this transformer primary side and be connected to the single-phase rectification bridge of this transformer secondary;
Comprise in motor rotor lateral circuit: be connected to the three-phase commutation bridge of three-phase alternating voltage, the first igbt, the second igbt, diode, filter capacitor and fixing speed adjusting resistance, first igbt and the second igbt are connected to the two ends of this three-phase commutation bridge after connecting, diode is in parallel with the first igbt after connecting with fixing speed adjusting resistance, one end of filter capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of diode, and the other end is connected with the emitter of the second igbt.
2. Novel rotor chopping speed regulating system of hoisting wound motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, realize motor rotor chopping regulating speed by the equivalent resistance Duty ratio control of the first igbt, the second igbt being changed to rotor loop.
3. Novel rotor chopping speed regulating system of hoisting wound motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises multiple A.C. contactor being connected to the wherein two-phase alternating current pressure of three-phase alternating voltage.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110094743.6A CN102170264B (en) | 2011-04-15 | 2011-04-15 | Novel crane wound motor rotor chopping speed regulation system and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110094743.6A CN102170264B (en) | 2011-04-15 | 2011-04-15 | Novel crane wound motor rotor chopping speed regulation system and method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102170264A CN102170264A (en) | 2011-08-31 |
| CN102170264B true CN102170264B (en) | 2015-06-17 |
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Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2182494Y (en) * | 1993-12-06 | 1994-11-09 | 浙江大学 | Rotor chopping speed-regulating device for asynchronous motor |
| CN2390356Y (en) * | 1999-10-14 | 2000-08-02 | 襄樊大力工业控制有限责任公司 | Non-contact rheostatic starting device |
| CN2502451Y (en) * | 2001-08-27 | 2002-07-24 | 蒋贞荣 | Wound rotor asynchronous motor cascade chopping speed control device |
| CN202094840U (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-12-28 | 苏州新广济工贸有限公司 | Novel rotor chopping speed regulating system of hoisting wound motor |
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