CN102167140A - Method for measuring continuously-variable load precision of large-scale floating dock in floating state - Google Patents
Method for measuring continuously-variable load precision of large-scale floating dock in floating state Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering ships, in particular to a method for measuring continuously-variable load precision of a large-scale floating dock in a floating state. The deck plane of the floating dock and the deck plane of a ship body are measured respectively by two electronic total stations (total stations for short), deformation data generated by the two electronic total stations in the ship body dragging process are fed back to a central control room at the same time based on a uniform reference, and the central control room is guided to perform water compressing adjustment or water discharging adjustment on the ballast tank of the floating dock. The method has the advantages that: the dynamic deformation of the floating dock and the ship body in the ship dragging process are instantly and statically fed back, and the instant deformation states of the floating dock and the ship are effectively measured, so that the central control room of the floating dock is guided to adjust the water compression in each ballast tank, the deformation precision and the launching safety of the ship body in the dragging process are ensured, a great number of working hours are saved, and the launching dragging efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the engineering ship technical field, specifically be meant to continue the variable load accuracy measurement method under the floading condition of a kind of large-scale floating drydock.
Background technology
Large ship repair on the building berth of shipyard, make finish after, known launching method is to adopt floating drydock Xia Shui, promptly boats and ships are drawn on the slideway that moves in the floating drydock along the slideway of laying by building berth with instruments such as loop wheel machines, the floating drydock is a huge concave shape cabin, both sides have wall, front and back end to open wide, and are a kind of special flute profile flat-bottomed boats of constructing.The wing wall of dock bottom and both sides is box type construction, longitudinally and laterally is divided into some osed top ballast tanks, is used for setting-out and draining, makes the dock sink-float.The effect of hold can also be supported boats and ships except that guaranteeing buoyancy.The effect of wing wall is to guarantee that dock has the necessary rigidity and the stability of swimming, and provides production required space.When hull enters the floating drydock, as shown in Figure 1, butt joint floating drydock 101 and building berth 104, in ballast tank 103, pour water and make floating drydock 101 sink down into depressed place inner slide 102 to butt up against same plane with arine railway 102, the central axis of hulls 105 is aimed at floating drydock 101, the four sides system at floating drydock 101 is connect hawser fix; With the winch that is located on 101 left and right sides wing walls of floating drydock hull 105 is lain up along slideway 102 tractions.When hull 105 undocked, operating sequence was opposite, promptly earlier ballast tank 103 is filled water floating drydock 101 is sunk, and when treating that hull 105 floats on the water surface, allowed the hull 105 of repairing, making roll floating drydock 101 voluntarily away from again.
But hull 105 moves past the stability of docking that must guarantee floating drydock 101 and building berth 104 in the journey drawing, floating drydock 101 is changed at wigwag motion and the heave and set that the sea generation exceeds the work permit scope, promptly can not make arine railway 102 and the right alignment of floating drydock slideway 102 and the difference of height of building berth 104 and hull 105 exceed the technology tolerance band; Otherwise will make hull 105 produce irreversible deflection deformation, low between the senior middle school of two as high low on one side on one side, high in the middle of two is low, the phenomenon that stem, ship stern misalign, thus cause ship to prop up structural damage.
The method of measurement that adopts when utilizing water under the floating drydock at present, be to allow the staff operate draft and slide rail right alignment that measurers such as chi are measured the floating drydock, and rely on the centralized control room loading instrument to regulate ballast tank, and this method of measurement just can draw floating drydock draft and slide rail right alignment accurately can only be in static state at the floating drydock time.In practical operation, on the sea that it is indefinite that the floating drydock is positioned at that swellings, heaving and subsiding, if the coordinate at manual measurement floating drydock, will at every moment be subjected to having no the wave influence of rule, thereby can't draw accurate observed reading, the working face precision at floating drydock be can not dynamically reflect in time, can't anticipation and adjustment be carried out the floating drydock.Therefore move past must be careful in the extreme in the journey drawing, whenever draw and move the coordinate that a bit of distance just must be measured the floating drydock, and it is a little unsettled to judge whether hull occurs, if occur unsettledly, just must stop to draw moving hull, and utilize centralized control room to adjust each ballast tank setting-out, draw with the following water that guarantees hull and to move precision and water security down, thereby causing hull to draw to move past journey is repeatedly interrupted, in order to wait for the adjustment at floating drydock, increase hull and drawn the time of moving down water, expended a large amount of manpower and materials.On the other hand, because the floating drydock is long tenure of use, all kinds of ship turnover depressed place method differences (just lying up and counter lying up) can produce expendable permanent deformation to plane, dock bottom, floating drydock, cause the centralized control room loading instrument can not react actual value, can't accurately learn the immediate status at floating drydock.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a kind of the assurance to continue the variable load accuracy measurement method under the higher large-scale floating drydock floading condition of depressed place inner slide and arine railway level in the whole process that launches a ship and the involutory precision of line of centers, in order to timely guidance adjustment floating dock state.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, utilize two full site type electronic tachometer (Electronic Total Station, hereinafter to be referred as total powerstation) respectively floating drydock deck level and deck in ship structure plane are measured, both are drawn at hull move past the deformation data that produces in the journey based on unified benchmark, side by side feed back to centralized control room, and guide centralized control room that the ballast tank at floating drydock is carried out setting-out or draining adjustment.Concrete steps are:
Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) draws and move the coarse adjustment of preceding floating drydock and carry, butt joint floating drydock and building berth, two parallel slideways are laid to the floating drydock along building berth, utilize laser measuring apparatus that the bow on every slideway driving surface at floating drydock, midship, three points of stern (α, β, γ) are measured, and feed back to the loading instrument of centralized control room, thereby tentatively adjust the draft at floating drydock, the horizontal difference that is arranged on the slideway working face on the Deck Working Space territory, floating drydock is controlled in the deviation range of technological requirement.
(2) draw and move the accurate adjustment of preceding floating drydock and carry, (the square body line of centers is an X-axis to utilize total powerstation self to give tacit consent to the system of axes of setting up, vertical hull line of centers is a Y-axis, the hull height direction is the Z axle), slideway working face (comprising left and right sides slideway) is carried out horizontal difference to be measured, on the cooresponding slideway of each ballast tank correspondingly measurement point is arranged all, instructing the centralized control room actv. to transfer at each ballast tank according to result of a measurement carries, make the horizontal difference of slideway working face (comprising left and right sides slideway) be controlled in the deviation range of technology formulation, adjust the aviation value that calculates all measurement points after finishing
(n is a measurement point quantity).
(3) determine water process monitoring point down
(3.1) set the monitoring point, floating drydock: determine the slideway work center line after the slideway working face adjustment at floating drydock is finished, and carry out mark, two ends on wherein slideway line of centers of determining are got bench mark P1 point, P2 point respectively, and at the depressed place bow, depressed place midship and depressed place stern are provided with the mark post that posts light target that makes things convenient for the total powerstation monitoring, coordinate is respectively depressed place bow F, depressed place midship M, depressed place stern A, Y=Y=Y=y wherein, y is a constant, for the ease of the ship convenience that the back measures that lies up, be advisable with the width that exceeds hull, hull just can not stop or interfere coordinate like this, thereby influence is measured; Z=Z=Z=
+ b,
Be constant, determine that according to the size of each ship b is the aviation value of slideway horizontal survey point, draw the data-guiding centralized control room in the monitor procedure immediately and transfer and carry for making things convenient for;
(3.2) set the hull monitoring point: at the hull outside face tabula rasa control point s1 ~ s7 is set by total powerstation, earlier with the position, tabula rasa control point of s1, s7 as the measurement point of total powerstation to determine the X-axis (square body center line) of total powerstation, and then determine the position of each tabula rasa control point successively, the center of all tabula rasa control points is on same horizontal surface, and the spacing of tabula rasa control point X-direction is L; By measuring the tabula rasa control point on the hull, calculate hull and move past that each measures the variable quantity of moment in the journey drawing, change thereby draw each regional amount of deflection of hull, adjust the state at floating drydock in advance.
(4) process monitoring
(4.1) utilize total powerstation 61 monitoring monitoring points, floating drydock:
Choose benchmark, in the building berth zone, line of centers specification test line by the floating drydock of having determined, the distance of check line-spacing line of centers is a constant offset for y+y(y, size according to all kinds of ships is determined), select the B1 point in building berth bow stern appropriate location, the B2 point is set up system of axes as bench mark, can learn that according to the right-handed helix rule (it is X-axis that thumb points to B2 by B1 to each change in coordinate axis direction; All the other four finger points upwards are the Z axle; Pointing to oneself is Y-axis).
According to choosing benchmark, measure the F point, the M point, the A point, (just representing to be partial to the Y-axis forward by big or small positive and negative relation, negative indication deflection Y-axis negative sense) instructs centralized control room to pass through the line of centers that depressed place bower anchor winch is adjusted the floating drydock, make the centerline deviation of floating dock and building berth be controlled in the accuracy rating of formulation;
Draw to move past in the journey, utilize total powerstation constantly to monitor the F point, the M point, A point three point coordinate values, according to the positive and negative and Z value of contrast each point Y value and
(
Be constant, determine according to the size of all kinds of ships) difference instruct centralized control room to transfer to carry, guarantee to move past whole drawing that the floating drydock is in level, centering state in the journey;
(4.2) utilize total powerstation monitoring hull monitoring point:
S1 is a bench mark with the tabula rasa control point, and not drawing the height value that moves preceding all measurement points all is zero.Move in the ship process, utilize total powerstation regularly to measure the altitude information Z of ship hull plate glazing plate monitoring point
iValue.Can calculate the deflection deformation of hull at each state by the height value of measuring s1 to s7 point, thereby characterize out the distortion at floating drydock, instruct centralized control room that the ballast of ballast tank is adjusted.
The invention has the advantages that, conjunction measuring by two total powerstations, the feedback of instant static goes out boats and ships and is drawing the dynamic deformation that moves past floating drydock and hull in the journey, measure the instant deformation state of floating dock and boats and ships effectively, and both deformation data is in time fed back to the centralized control room at floating drydock in unified benchmark, thereby instruct the floating drydock centralized control room to adjust each ballast tank setting-out, guaranteed that hull moves past in the journey deformation accuracy and water security down drawing, saved a large amount of man-hours, improved time water and drawn and move efficient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 draws the accent that moves past the journey prior art to carry scheme drawing;
Fig. 2 moves past journey for the present invention draws accent carries scheme drawing;
Fig. 3 carries the measurement point scheme drawing for the slideway coarse adjustment;
Fig. 4 carries the measurement point scheme drawing for the slideway accurate adjustment;
Fig. 5 is monitoring point, a floating drydock scheme drawing;
Fig. 6 is a hull monitoring point scheme drawing;
Fig. 7 is total powerstation and monitoring point scheme drawing.
The specific embodiment
Be described further below in conjunction with 2 to 7 pairs of the preferred embodiments of the present invention of accompanying drawing, for guaranteeing that hull 5 is in following water process, the involutory precision of floating drydock slideway 2 and arine railway 2 levels and line of centers, utilize two full site type electronic tachometer (Electronic Total Station, hereinafter to be referred as total powerstation) 61,62 measure floating drydock 1 deck level and hull 5 deck levels respectively, both are drawn at hull 5 move past the deformation data that produces in the journey based on unified benchmark, side by side feed back to centralized control room, and guide centralized control room that the ballast tank 3 at floating drydock 1 is carried out setting-out or draining adjustment.
Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) draws and move the coarse adjustment of preceding floating drydock and carry, referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, butt joint floating drydock 1 and building berth 4, two parallel slideways 2 are laid to floating drydock 1 along building berth 4, utilize laser measuring apparatus that the bow on every slideway 2 driving surfaces at floating drydock 1, midship, three points of stern (α, β, γ) are measured, and feed back to the loading instrument of centralized control room, thereby tentatively adjust the draft at floating drydock 1, the horizontal difference that is arranged on slideway 2 working faces on the 1 Deck Working Space territory, floating drydock is controlled in the deviation range of technological requirement.
(2) draw and move the accurate adjustment of preceding floating drydock and carry, referring to accompanying drawing 4, (the square body line of centers is an X-axis to utilize total powerstation 61 self to give tacit consent to the system of axes of setting up, vertical hull line of centers is a Y-axis, the hull height direction is the Z axle), slideway 2 working faces (comprising left and right sides slideway) are carried out horizontal difference to be measured, on each ballast tank 3 cooresponding slideway 2 correspondingly measurement point is arranged all, instructing the centralized control room actv. to transfer at each ballast tank 3 according to result of a measurement carries, makes the horizontal difference of slideway 2 working faces (comprising left and right sides slideway) be controlled in the deviation range of technology formulation.After finishing, adjustment calculates the aviation value of all measurement points
(n is a measurement point quantity).
(3) determine water process monitoring point down
(3.1) set the monitoring point, floating drydock:, determine slideway 2 work center lines after the slideway 2 working face adjustment at floating drydock 1 are finished, and carry out mark referring to accompanying drawing 5.Two ends on wherein slideway 2 line of centers of determining are got bench mark P1 point, P2 point respectively, and at the depressed place bow, depressed place midship and depressed place stern are provided with the mark post that posts light target that makes things convenient for the total powerstation monitoring, and coordinate is respectively depressed place bow F, depressed place midship M, depressed place stern A, Y=Y=Y=y wherein, y is a constant, for the ease of the ship convenience that the back measures that lies up, be advisable with the width that exceeds hull 5, hull 5 just can not stop or interfere coordinate like this, thereby influence is measured; Z=Z=Z=
+ b,
Be constant, determine that according to the size of each ship b is the aviation value of slideway 2 horizontal survey points, draw the data-guiding centralized control room in the monitor procedure immediately and transfer and carry for making things convenient for, not the y of shipmate type, z value difference;
(3.2) set the hull monitoring point: referring to accompanying drawing 6, at hull 5 outside faces tabula rasa control point s1 ~ s7 is set by total powerstation 62, earlier with the position, tabula rasa control point of s1, s7 as the measurement point of total powerstation 62 to determine the X-axis (square body center line) of total powerstation, and then determine the position of each tabula rasa control point successively, the center of all tabula rasa control points is on same horizontal surface, and the spacing of tabula rasa control point X-direction is L; By measuring the tabula rasa control point on the hull 5, calculate hull 5 and move past that each measures the variable quantity of moment in the journey drawing, change thereby draw each regional amount of deflection of hull, adjust the state at floating drydock 1 in advance.
(4) process monitoring
(4.1) utilize total powerstation 61 monitoring monitoring points, floating drydock:
Choose benchmark, referring to accompanying drawing 7, in building berth 4 zones, line of centers specification test line by the floating drydock of having determined 1, the distance of check line-spacing line of centers is a constant offset for y+y(y, determines according to the size of all kinds of ships), select the B1 point in building berth 4 bow stern appropriate locations, the B2 point is set up system of axes as bench mark, can learn that according to the right-handed helix rule (it is X-axis that thumb points to B2 by B1 to each change in coordinate axis direction; All the other four finger points upwards are the Z axle; Pointing to oneself is Y-axis).
According to choosing benchmark, measure the F point, the M point, the A point, (just representing to be partial to the Y-axis forward by big or small positive and negative relation, negative indication deflection Y-axis negative sense) instructs centralized control room to pass through the line of centers that depressed place bower anchor winch is adjusted floating drydock 1, make the floating dock 1 and the centerline deviation of building berth 4 be controlled in the accuracy rating of formulation;
Draw to move past in the journey, utilize constantly monitoring F points of total powerstation 61, the M point, A point three point coordinate values, according to the positive and negative and Z value of contrast each point Y value and
(
Be constant, determine according to the size of all kinds of ships) difference instruct centralized control room to transfer to carry, guarantee to move past whole drawing that floating drydock 1 is in level, centering state in the journey;
(4.2) utilize total powerstation 62 monitoring hull monitoring points:
S1 is a bench mark with the tabula rasa control point, and not drawing the height value that moves preceding all measurement points all is zero.Move in the ship process, utilize total powerstation 62 regularly to measure the altitude information Z of hull 5 outside plate glazing plate monitoring points
iValue.Can calculate the deflection deformation of hull 5 at each state by the height value of measuring s1 to s7 point, thereby characterize out the distortion at floating drydock 1, instruct centralized control room that the ballast of ballast tank 3 is adjusted.
Example: each point take off data height value is Z under a certain state
i (i=1,2 ... 7)
K=
, k=
(wherein i=2,3,4,5,6)
The time, hull state this moment is downwarp, is worth to be
The time, hull state this moment is scratched on being.Value is
(5) floating drydock 1 deflection value that hull 5 maximum immunity values and the length that lies up that records according to total powerstation 62, and total powerstation 61 records comprehensively feeds back to the centralized control room at floating drydock 1, and each ballast tank 3 is carried out anticipation effectively and adjusts in time.
Claims (2)
1. continue the variable load accuracy measurement method under a large-scale floating drydock floading condition, it is characterized in that: utilize two full site type electronic tachometer (Electronic Total Station, hereinafter to be referred as total powerstation) respectively floating drydock deck level and deck in ship structure plane are measured, both are drawn at hull move past the deformation data that produces in the journey based on unified benchmark, side by side feed back to centralized control room, and guide centralized control room that the ballast tank at floating drydock is carried out setting-out or draining adjustment.
2. continue the variable load accuracy measurement method under the floading condition of a kind of large-scale floating drydock according to claim 1, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) draws and move the coarse adjustment of preceding floating drydock and carry, butt joint floating drydock and building berth, two parallel slideways are laid to the floating drydock along building berth, utilize laser measuring apparatus that the bow on every slideway driving surface at floating drydock, midship, three points of stern (α, β, γ) are measured, and feed back to the loading instrument of centralized control room, thereby tentatively adjust the draft at floating drydock, the horizontal difference that is arranged on the slideway working face on the Deck Working Space territory, floating drydock is controlled in the deviation range of technological requirement;
(2) draw and move the accurate adjustment of preceding floating drydock and carry, (the square body line of centers is an X-axis to utilize total powerstation self to give tacit consent to the system of axes of setting up, vertical hull line of centers is a Y-axis, the hull height direction is the Z axle), slideway working face (comprising left and right sides slideway) is carried out horizontal difference to be measured, on the cooresponding slideway of each ballast tank correspondingly measurement point is arranged all, instructing the centralized control room actv. to transfer at each ballast tank according to result of a measurement carries, make the horizontal difference of slideway working face (comprising left and right sides slideway) be controlled in the deviation range of technology formulation, adjust the aviation value that calculates all measurement points after finishing
(n is a measurement point quantity);
(3) determine water process monitoring point down
(3.1) set the monitoring point, floating drydock: determine the slideway work center line after the slideway working face adjustment at floating drydock is finished, and carry out mark, two ends on wherein slideway line of centers of determining are got bench mark P1 point, P2 point respectively, and at the depressed place bow, depressed place midship and depressed place stern are provided with the mark post that posts light target that makes things convenient for the total powerstation monitoring, coordinate is respectively depressed place bow F, depressed place midship M, depressed place stern A, Y=Y=Y=y wherein, y is a constant, for the ease of the ship convenience that the back measures that lies up, be advisable with the width that exceeds hull, hull just can not stop or interfere coordinate like this, thereby influence is measured; Z=Z=Z=
+ b,
Be constant, determine that according to the size of each ship b is the aviation value of slideway horizontal survey point, draw the data-guiding centralized control room in the monitor procedure immediately and transfer and carry for making things convenient for;
(3.2) set the hull monitoring point: at the hull outside face tabula rasa control point s1 ~ s7 is set by total powerstation, earlier with the position, tabula rasa control point of s1, s7 as the measurement point of total powerstation to determine the X-axis (square body center line) of total powerstation, and then determine the position of each tabula rasa control point successively, the center of all tabula rasa control points is on same horizontal surface, and the spacing of tabula rasa control point X-direction is L; By measuring the tabula rasa control point on the hull, calculate hull and move past that each measures the variable quantity of moment in the journey drawing, change thereby draw each regional amount of deflection of hull, adjust the state at floating drydock in advance;
(4) process monitoring
(4.1) utilize total powerstation 61 monitoring monitoring points, floating drydock:
Choose benchmark, in the building berth zone, line of centers specification test line by the floating drydock of having determined, the distance of check line-spacing line of centers is a constant offset for y+y(y, size according to all kinds of ships is determined), select the B1 point in building berth bow stern appropriate location, the B2 point is set up system of axes as bench mark, can learn that according to the right-handed helix rule (it is X-axis that thumb points to B2 by B1 to each change in coordinate axis direction; All the other four finger points upwards are the Z axle; Pointing to oneself is Y-axis);
According to choosing benchmark, measure the F point, the M point, the A point, (just representing to be partial to the Y-axis forward by big or small positive and negative relation, negative indication deflection Y-axis negative sense) instructs centralized control room to pass through the line of centers that depressed place bower anchor winch is adjusted the floating drydock, make the centerline deviation of floating dock and building berth be controlled in the accuracy rating of formulation;
Draw to move past in the journey, utilize total powerstation constantly to monitor the F point, the M point, A point three point coordinate values, according to the positive and negative and Z value of contrast each point Y value and
(
Be constant, determine according to the size of all kinds of ships) difference instruct centralized control room to transfer to carry, guarantee to move past whole drawing that the floating drydock is in level, centering state in the journey;
(4.2) utilize total powerstation monitoring hull monitoring point:
S1 is a bench mark with the tabula rasa control point, and not drawing the height value that moves preceding all measurement points all is zero;
Move in the ship process, utilize total powerstation regularly to measure the altitude information Z of ship hull plate glazing plate monitoring point
iValue;
Can calculate the deflection deformation of hull at each state by the height value of measuring s1 to s7 point, thereby characterize out the distortion at floating drydock, instruct centralized control room that the ballast of ballast tank is adjusted;
(5) the deflection of floating dock value that the hull maximum immunity value and the length that lies up that records according to total powerstation, and total powerstation records comprehensively feeds back to the centralized control room at floating drydock, and each ballast tank is carried out anticipation effectively and adjusts in time.
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| CN103017727A (en) * | 2012-12-22 | 2013-04-03 | 厦门船舶重工股份有限公司 | Detection method for mounting accuracy of ship navigation signal lamp |
| CN103995492A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-08-20 | 中国人民解放军总后勤部军事交通运输研究所 | Automatic floating dock heaving control system |
| CN104139836A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-11-12 | 江苏驷博电气有限公司 | Measuring device for deflection of floating dock |
| CN104062600B (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2017-02-15 | 南通贝斯特船舶与海洋工程设计有限公司 | Method for testing power supply of 80,000-ton floating docks |
| CN109470226A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-03-15 | 中船西江造船有限公司 | A method of monitoring is implemented to ship launching and upper row using total station |
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| CN112762852A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-07 | 广东工业大学 | Floating state manufacturing process deformation detection device and installation and detection method thereof |
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