CN102166496B - In-situ steam explosion method and device - Google Patents
In-situ steam explosion method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102166496B CN102166496B CN 201110068899 CN201110068899A CN102166496B CN 102166496 B CN102166496 B CN 102166496B CN 201110068899 CN201110068899 CN 201110068899 CN 201110068899 A CN201110068899 A CN 201110068899A CN 102166496 B CN102166496 B CN 102166496B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an in-situ steam explosion method, which is characterized in that the raw materials are subjected to explosion in a steam explosion reactor, then the escaped gas is fed into a gas condensation and recycling system and the remaining materials are kept in situ in the steam explosion reactor. The in-situ steam explosion device comprises a horizontal cylindrical tank; the upper wall of the tank is provided with a pressure gauge, a thermometer and a steam inlet, and the lower wall of the tank is provided with a steam outlet; two ball valves respectively arranged at the two sides of the tank are respectively used as a charging-car inlet and a charging-car outlet; and in the box-type or cage-type reticular charging car with wheels, a steel-mesh plate is arranged in front of a pneumatic ball valve of a steam outlet pipeline, the rear part of the steam outlet pipeline is connected with a buffer vessel and a gas condensation and recycling system, and the bottom of the inside of the buffer vessel is provided with an axial fixed orbit which facilitates the getting-in-and-out of the charging car. By using the device disclosed by the invention, the problems that the winding and knotting of fibrilia materials in the process of discharging, the difficulties and loss in raw material recycling, and the heat waste, environmental pollution, wasting of resources and troubles brought to experimental analysis which are caused by directly emitting the steam to the atmosphere and can not be solved by using the existing steam explosion technology and equipment are solved effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pretreated method of material and device thereof, particularly a kind of quick-fried method and apparatus of original position vapour of material.
Background technology
The quick-fried pretreatment of vapour is a kind of preprocess method that development in recent years is got up.Raw material is with being steam heated to 180-235 ℃, and dimension is pressed certain hour, and when unexpected decompression was spurted, the rapid flash distillation of aqueous water produced a large amount of steam, and raw tissue or cell volume surge, and are subjected to the effect of mechanical force, and it is destructurized; In addition, in dimension pressure process, also has the autocatalysis of raw material itself, its key component Partial digestion.
The quick-fried technology of vapour starts from nineteen twenty-six the earliest, is Batch Process at that time, is mainly for the production of beaver board.Since 20 century 70s, technique also is widely used in the production of animal feed and extracts ethanol and speciality chemical from lumber fibre.After the eighties, technique has very large development, the use field also progressively enlarges, continuous steam explosion production technology and equipment have appearred, be Canadian Stake Technology company, technique is applied to the pulping and paper-making field, it and the joint research of Quebec, CAN university, at first to poplar, rear many non-wood fibrous raw materials have been carried out the quick-fried test of a large amount of vapour, obtained good effect.On this basis, developed the pulp of steam explosion technology and equipment, and for the production of the animal feed technical elements, deep research has been arranged also at pulping waste liquor.
The quick-fried technology of vapour has developed into through the research of decades the pretreatment that country variant is used for different material, and is used for various fields.Such as all being widely used in fields such as food industry, pharmaceutical industry, bioenergy, material, chemicals and environmental protection.Its application prospect and advantage highlight day by day, but the material outlet for the quick-fried equipment blowing type of present vapour, 1. when the pretreatment that is applied to some raw material (such as the quick-fried pretreatment of the vapour of flaxen fiber), degraded and disorganization due to raw material self, bring the problem that is wound around and ties a knot, brought very large interference for follow-up separation and combing; 2. the outlet of blowing type also causes recovery difficulty and the loss of raw material, has 3. limited some raw material high to the safety and sanitation coefficient, as the use of food or Chinese medicine; 4. the discharging opening of blowing type causes gas directly discharged to atmosphere usually, has both caused the pollution of environment, also causes the waste of resource, makes troubles also for the horizontal calculation of experimentation material and quantitative and qualitative analysis; 5. directly discharged to atmosphere, heat is not fully utilized high-temperature steam, causes the very large waste of energy.
Therefore, for above problem, the present invention proposes the quick-fried technical thought of brand-new vapour: material is contained in special truck, truck has two kinds, box truck and cage truck, and box truck wall is network structure, and steam directly enters material in case by mesh, cage truck wall is also network structure, the wall top is provided with hook, can hang the strip material on hook, at the valve place of steam (vapor) outlet, steel net plate is set.The moment of pressure release suddenly, steam passes from the mesh of truck, overflow by the steel mesh plate hole again, and material still is retained in truck in tank body, take out truck from discharge port again and can obtain the material of vapour after quick-fried, escaping gas enters gas recovery system, can carry out the secondary utilization that qualitative and quantitative analysis also is convenient to energy.
Summary of the invention
the objective of the invention is to solve winding and the knotting of fibrilia raw material when the discharging for the quick-fried technology and equipment of existing vapour, raw materials recovery difficulty and loss and some raw material health rank require high, steam directly discharges the heat waste that atmosphere causes, environmental pollution, the wasting of resources and bring the problems such as puzzlement to experimental analysis, the quick-fried technology and equipment of original position vapour of one cover raw material is provided, by the truck of preparation special requirement and the woven wire that plays interception function in the steam outlet setting, in explosion moment, only allow the effusion of gas, and solid material still is retained in truck, the entanglement problems of having avoided like this movement of raw material to bring, also can reduce the loss of raw material and improve the safety and sanitation coefficient, escaping gas enters gas recovery system, can carry out the secondary utilization that qualitative and quantitative analysis also is convenient to energy.
Technical scheme of the present invention: essential structure of the present invention such as accompanying drawing 1:
the agent structure of equipment is sleeping tank 9, the truck 5 of loaded material advances from electrically operated valve 2, through Open valve 1, steam enters sleeping tank 9, on sleeping tank 9 tank bodies, tank skin is equipped with Pressure gauge 3, thermometer 4 and steam inlet 7, under tank body, tank skin is provided with steam (vapor) outlet 8, the equal mounting ball valve 2 in tank body both sides and 6, be respectively the entrance and exit of material, the steam inlet is controlled by motor-driven valve, steam (vapor) outlet is controlled with pneumatic ball valve, and steel net plate 10 is set before the pneumatic ball valve of steam outlet, play a part to see through steam and tackle material, the tank inner bottom part has axial trapped orbit, truck 5 can move on the tank inner orbit by wheel, according to the truck that requires of material, two kinds, box truck and cage truck arranged, box truck wall is network structure, steam directly enters material in case by mesh, cage truck wall is also network structure, and the top is provided with hook, can hang the strip material on hook.For the stalk lump material of chopping, select box netted truck, mesh diameter and material particles diameter ratio are 1: 1～1: 5, for long fibre shape material, select cage coupling type truck, for meat or foodstuff raw material, the netted dividing plate of design drawer-like in box netted truck.The tank inner orbit is connected with tank movable rail outward, and the other end of the movable rail trapped orbit outer with being arranged on tank body is connected, and mechanical tractor traction truck turnover steam-explosion jar is arranged on track.After dimension is pressed certain hour, open operated pneumatic valve 11, steam enters surge tank 12 through steel net plate 10 again through truck 5, then enters steam and condensate system 14, reclaims from 14 outlet at last and analyzes condensed gas.Steel net plate 10 its apertures are 1: 2～1: 1.5 with the ratio of truck online hole size, and it mainly plays the secondary interception function.Condensation of gas and recovery system 14 adopt water-cooled, and its heat exchange area preresearch estimates is 0.1m
2The material of/200g initial aqueous 50% can be cooled to room temperature with material in 1min.After steam discharges, open valve 6, pull out truck, namely obtain the material of vapour after quick-fried.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: 1. when the quick-fried pretreatment of vapour that is applied to flaxen fiber, reduced the raw fibre structural damage, solved the problem of winding and the knotting of raw material, be convenient to follow-up separation and carding process; 2. the recovery of raw material is simple, and the rate of recovery can reach 100%; 3. widen the application of raw material, can be applicable to the raw materials high to the safety and sanitation coefficient such as food or Chinese medicine; 4. gas is recycled.Neither cause the pollution of environment, also make resource fully be reclaimed and utilize, also be convenient to the horizontal calculation of experimentation material and quantitative and qualitative analysis; 5. the heat exchange of high-temperature steam and cold water, heat is fully used.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the quick-fried installation drawing of original position vapour
Drawing is described as follows:
1 steam valve, 2 charging aperture electrical ball valves, 3 Pressure gauges, 4 thermometers, 5 trucks, 6 truck vent ball valves, 7 steam inlets, 8 steam (vapor) outlets, 9 dimensions are pressed tank, 10 steel net plates, 11 pneumatic operated valves, 12 surge tanks, 13 discharging ball valves, 14 condensation of gas and recovery system
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
It is 5L that dimension is pressed tank volume, and long 28.5cm, side diameter are 15cm. steam generator 15L, and opened steam generator power supply before charging obtains 220 ℃ of saturated vapors.The surge tank volume is 20L, and the coil heat exchanger area is 0.1m
2.
Take 200g hemp bast fiber (average length is about 2m), to its immersion treatment, after soaking 1h, be deposited in box truck 5, through valve 2, truck is pushed into dimension presses in tank 9, valve-off 1.Open steam valve 1, pass into a certain amount of steam, make tank 9 internal pressures keep 4min at 0.7MPa, steam off valve 1, open rapidly valve 11, steam enters and enters condenser system 14 after dimension is pressed tank again, collects the liquid that condensation is got off, open again bleeder valve 6, haul out cage truck 5, obtain the quick-fried flaxen fiber of vapour.Observe that the hemp surface becomes clean after the quick-fried processing of vapour, hemp obtains effectively opening fine division, and fiber obviously attenuates, and the content that records hemicellulose and lignin descended respectively 80% and 85%, and content of cellulose reaches 88%.
Embodiment 2
It is 2L that dimension is pressed tank volume, and long 25cm, side diameter are 10cm. steam generator 15L, and opened steam generator power supply before charging obtains 220 ℃ of saturated vapors.The surge tank volume is 15L, and the coil heat exchanger area is 0.05m
2.
Outdoor air-dry maize straw is cut into 1-2cm bulk (wherein water content is 14%), takes 100g (weight in wet base), adding 32g water, to make its water content be 35%, after moisture evenly absorbs, join in box truck 5, through valve 2, truck is pushed into dimension presses in tank 9, valve-off 1.Open steam valve 1, pass into a certain amount of steam, make tank 9 internal pressures keep 8min at 1.2MPa, steam off valve 1, open rapidly valve 11, steam enters and enters condenser system 14 after dimension is pressed tank again, collects the liquid that condensation is got off, open again bleeder valve 6, haul out truck 5, obtain steam puffed stalk.When solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 6 (the quick-fried stalk of 1g net gas/6g water), initial pH is 7.5, and inoculation clostridium butyricum amount is 30%, NH
4HCO
3Addition is the quick-fried stalk of 0.04g/g net gas, and the cellulase addition is the quick-fried stalk of 30IU/g net gas, and when fermentation temperature was 50 ℃, methane production can be increased to 145.0ml/gTS, is 2.8 times of stalk of being untreated; Being 7.50ml/gVSSd than producing the methane rate, is 2.3 times of stalk of being untreated.By the compound mensuration of the rear residue that ferments, the degradation rate of the quick-fried corn stalk fiber element of vapour is 59.0%, is 3.2 times of stalk of being untreated; The degradation rate of hemicellulose is 70.22%, is 3.1 times of stalk of being untreated.Record that in condensed fluid, component has acetic acid, furfural and 5 hydroxymethyl furfural.
Claims (5)
1. the quick-fried method of original position vapour of a pretreatment of raw material, it is characterized in that, after the quick-fried raw material of vapour is put into the quick-fried reactor of vapour, be filled with steam, after under 0.4-3.5M Pa condition, dimension is pressed 1-40min, open operated pneumatic valve, abrupt release steam, escaping gas enters condensation of gas and recovery system, and material original position in the quick-fried reactor of vapour is motionless, then takes out truck from discharge port and can obtain the material of vapour after quick-fried.
2. the quick-fried equipment of original position vapour of a pretreatment of raw material, it is characterized in that, comprise a horizontal cylinder shape tank body (9), on tank body, tank skin is equipped with Pressure gauge (3), thermometer (4) and steam inlet (7), under tank body, tank skin is provided with steam (vapor) outlet (8), the equal mounting ball valves in tank body both sides (2) and (6), be respectively the entrance and exit of material, the steam inlet is controlled by motor-driven valve, steam (vapor) outlet is controlled with pneumatic ball valve, and steel net plate (10) is set before the pneumatic ball valve of steam outlet, play a part to see through steam and tackle material, the tank inner bottom part has axial trapped orbit, truck (5) can move on the tank inner orbit by wheel, according to the truck that requires of material, two kinds, box truck and cage truck arranged, box truck wall is network structure, steam directly enters material in case by mesh, cage truck wall is also network structure, and the top is provided with mentions, mention and to hang the strip material, the tank inner orbit is connected with tank movable rail outward, the other end of the movable rail trapped orbit outer with being arranged on tank body is connected, mechanical tractor traction truck turnover steam-explosion jar is arranged on track.
3. equipment according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described truck (5), stalk lump material for chopping, select box netted truck, the mesh size: the material particles size is 1:1～1:5, for long fibre shape material, selects cage coupling type truck, for meat or foodstuff raw material, the netted dividing plate of design drawer-like in box netted truck.
4. equipment according to claim 2, steel net plate (10) its aperture that it is characterized in that described operated pneumatic valve place is 1:2～1:1.5 with the ratio of truck online hole size, it mainly plays the secondary interception function.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described condensation of gas and recovery system 14 adopt water-cooled, and its heat exchange area is 0.1m
2The material of/200g initial aqueous 50% is cooled to room temperature with material in 1min.
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| CN 201110068899 CN102166496B (en) | 2011-03-22 | 2011-03-22 | In-situ steam explosion method and device |
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| CN 201110068899 CN102166496B (en) | 2011-03-22 | 2011-03-22 | In-situ steam explosion method and device |
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| CN103045656B (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-10-15 | 河南天冠纤维乙醇有限公司 | Steam explosion straw material collection and energy utilization technology |
| CN107788331A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2018-03-13 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | A kind of steam pulsation automatic cooking method and device |
| CN109207250A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-01-15 | 湖北旭舟林农科技有限公司 | A kind of method and device thereof that idesia high efficiency drying eliminates the unusual smell |
| CN110127981A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-16 | 江苏安识环境科技有限公司 | Mud decrement processing system and its technique |
| CN113234514A (en) * | 2021-05-29 | 2021-08-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Dewatering and quality improving system for high-water-content materials |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101387084A (en) * | 2007-09-10 | 2009-03-18 | 中粮集团有限公司 | Method for steam blasting cellulose-containing material |
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| WO2000019004A1 (en) * | 1998-09-25 | 2000-04-06 | Stake Technology Ltd. | Semi alkaline steam explosion treatment of fibrous material for the production of cellulose pulp |
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| CN101387084A (en) * | 2007-09-10 | 2009-03-18 | 中粮集团有限公司 | Method for steam blasting cellulose-containing material |
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