CN102165138B - Method and system for jointly producing and processing hydrocarbons from natural gas hydrate and conventional hydrocarbon reservoirs - Google Patents
Method and system for jointly producing and processing hydrocarbons from natural gas hydrate and conventional hydrocarbon reservoirs Download PDFInfo
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- CN102165138B CN102165138B CN200980138063.0A CN200980138063A CN102165138B CN 102165138 B CN102165138 B CN 102165138B CN 200980138063 A CN200980138063 A CN 200980138063A CN 102165138 B CN102165138 B CN 102165138B
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- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 173
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 173
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title description 17
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 358
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 86
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 54
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/14—Obtaining from a multiple-zone well
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/17—Interconnecting two or more wells by fracturing or otherwise attacking the formation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/64—Geostructures, e.g. in 3D data cubes
- G01V2210/647—Gas hydrates
Abstract
A method, system, and method for developing the system, for producing hydrocarbons from a plurality of hydrocarbon containing reservoirs is described. The system includes at least one conventional hydrocarbon reservoir and at least one natural gas hydrate reservoir. The system also includes a production facility, including water separation apparatus, which is in fluid communication with the at least one hydrocarbon reservoir and the at least one natural gas hydrate reservoir. The production facility can separate hydrocarbons and water concurrently received from the first conventional hydrocarbon and the second natural gas hydrate reservoirs. The at least one hydrocarbon reservoir and the at least one hydrate reservoir can be concurrently developed. Or else, the at least one hydrate reservoir can be developed later in time and then fluidly connected to the production facility.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates in general to from the method and system of subsurface formations output and processing hydrocarbons, relate more specifically to from gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir output natural gas.
Background technology
Natural gas is mainly methane, consist of but generally include the ethane, propane, butane, pentane of obvious amount and compared with the gaseous state fossil fuel of heavy hydrocarbon.From the natural gas of subsurface formations output, can also contain less desirable component for example carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium and hydrogen sulfide.At natural gas, as before fuel, conventionally remove described less desirable component.
Gas hydrates (clathrate hydrate of (NGH) or natural gas, conventionally referred to as " hydrate ") are to form while making hydrone together with some gas molecule under the appropraite condition of the pressure relatively high and low temperature." main body " hydrone can form " object " gas molecule is captured in to inner cage or lattice structure under these conditions.A large amount of gas is tightly crowded together by this mechanism.For example, 1 cubic metre of water and methane gas up to 172 cubic metres that methane hydrate contains 0.8 cubic metre.Although modal clathrate is methane hydrate on the earth, other gas also forms hydrate, and described gas comprises for example ethane and propane and non-hydrocarbon gas CO for example of appropriate hydrocarbon gas
2and H
2s.
NGH is naturally occurring and is conventionally greater than 500 meters (1600 feet) and extensively discovery in the high latitude depth of water is greater than in arctic circumstances that 150-200 rice (500-650 foot) locates and continental margin You Guan the deposit of dark ever frozen soil conventionally in middle latitude to the low latitudes depth of water.The thickness of hydrate stable region changes with composition, geological conditions and the other factors of the gas of temperature, pressure, formation hydrate.Worldwide, the natural gas amount of diving of estimation methane hydrate approaches 700,000 Tcfs, and comparing with 5,500 Tcfs that form the whole world and verify at present gas reserves is a surprising very large numeral.
Up to now most of gas hydrate study concentrate on basic research and mainly contain the Gas Hydrate of methane hydrate detection and sign.Exploitation safety and cost effectively still have obvious technology and economic challenges from the method for gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir output natural gas.
Think that gas hydrates production profile curve is normally according to following characteristics pattern: gas output is low and aquatic products goes out height when initial.After production starts, aquatic products go out to drop to relatively low level and gas output bring up to relatively high level before conventionally through relatively long time period (several months was to many years).These relatively high gas production levels then common sustainable many years.
From the viewpoint of net present value (NPV), see that this intrinsic production profile has negative economic impact.Must build production facility processing from the fluid of gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir with reply of high cost.
Refer now to the flow chart of Fig. 1, from the fluid of conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir output, be transported to production facility, this production facility is for example positioned on offshore drilling platform or land.Can produced fluid be mainly separated into water, oil phase and gas phase by separation equipment 11.Use conventional gas treatment facility 12 to process gas to remove for example CO of pollutant
2and H
2s.Then can be for example by using compressor 13 compressions and exporting treated gas.Can transport using Compressed Gas introduction pipe line or as oil tank for compressed natural gas (tanker).Alternatively, can transport by natural gas liquefaction and with oil tank, or become liquid method for example by using Fischer-Tropsch process to be converted into fluid product by gas.Can process isolated crude oil to remove pollutant for example mercury and/or other heavy metal by treatment facility 14.Can then use equipment 15 to store and export treated crude oil.Can example as known to the skilled person conventional water treatment facilities process isolated water, thereby if make to dispose and to obtain fully processing this water, enter water body or be re-introduced in subsurface formations.This serial equipment that production facility is used provides with way of example and not exhaustive processing all devices used from the production facility of the fluid of hydrocarbonaceous oil-gas reservoir output far and away.Term " production facility " refers to for separating of and/or processes from any equipment or the equipment group of the fluid of hydrocarbonaceous oil-gas reservoir output, for example those equipment mentioned above.
For NGH, before can obtaining relatively high gas yield, may the several years must buy, install and operate these production facilities.Regrettably,, due to Initial Production Facilities cost and the double several years loss operation having when waiting for that hydrocarbon output rises higher than no-loss level, the time value of money is tended to leading economic performance.Thereby the many technician in hydrocarbon and hydrate exploitation field think at present can not development of natural gas hydrate field, economically feasible ground.Therefore, need to make the minimized natural gas output of this economic challenges method and system in exploitation and the oil-gas reservoir of output gas hydrates.
As below used, term " conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir " refers to and contains and the oil-gas reservoir that is in a ratio of the hydrocarbon of gaseous state and/or liquid state as the captive hydrocarbon of clathrate hydrate.The production profile curve of conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir provides the Eigen Structure that is different from the production profile curve relevant with gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir: the hydrocarbon output of conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir is high and aquatic products goes out low when initial.In the later stage in output life-span of conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir, the hydrocarbon that output is more and more a small amount of and the increasing water of output.
Although this means the time value that has money for conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir output, but be also apparent that, except hydrocarbon output peak value a few years ago hydrocarbon output facility be underutilized, and aquatic products goes out facility and along with the output of water, in rear year, reaches the maximum capacity of this facility.In the situation of output operation that conventionally simultaneously makes these oil-gas reservoirs, need to build large production facility the enough disposal abilities when peak value hydrocarbon output are provided.Similarly, must build large water separation and disposal facility to meet in the later stage in oil-gas reservoir output life-span a large amount of aquatic products that occur to go out.After production facility initial construction, expansion capacity is high cost, therefore conventionally in project, starts to install all required hydrocarbon and water treatment facilities.Consequently, under-utilized and under-utilized at the later stage hydrocarbon processing facility in conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir life-span at the output life-span of these conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoirs early water treatment facility.
Need to make the underutilization of the production facility relevant with the output of conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir minimize and need to make the underutilization of the production facility relevant with the output of gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir to minimize.
General introduction
Described from the method for a plurality of hydrocarbonaceous oil-gas reservoir output hydrocarbon.From the first mixture of at least one conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir output water and hydrocarbon, described hydrocarbon comprises at least one in oil and gas.This first mixture is transported to the production facility that comprises water separation equipment.From the second mixture of at least one gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir output water and natural gas and be transported to described production facility.Then by described production facility, process described the first and second mixtures to make at least in part water separated with hydrocarbon.Can utilize described production facility that described the first and second mixtures are separated into oil, natural G&W.Can also carry out further processing and the operation of oil, natural G&W.
At least one gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir can be positioned at below, seabed.Or at least one gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir can be positioned at the land of ever frozen soil below.Production facility can be positioned at sea for example on fixed drilling platform or unsteady production unit, or can be positioned at land for example on ever frozen soil.
Hydrocarbon output system is also disclosed.This system comprises one or more the first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoirs that contain water and hydrocarbon, and described hydrocarbon comprises at least one in gentle of oil.This system also comprises one or more the second gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir that contains gas hydrates.In addition, this system comprises the production facility being communicated with one or more the first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoirs and one or more the second gas hydrates reservoir fluid, and this production facility comprises water separation equipment.This production facility can and be accepted separated with water from the hydrocarbon of the first conventional hydrocarbon and the second gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir by while output.Gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir can be positioned at below, seabed or can be positioned at ever frozen soil below on the bank.
The method of exploitation hydrocarbon output system has also been described.Develop one or more conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoirs that contain water and hydrocarbon.In addition, develop one or more gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir that contains gas hydrates.The production facility of structure or the moisture separation equipment of kit.Described one or more conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir is connected with this production facility fluid with described one or more gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir.Then this production facility can process the while from the mixture of the fluid of conventional gas and oil Tibetan and gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir extraction.
Can first develop described one or more conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir and production facility.Afterwards, by append mode (add-on), develop described one or more gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir.Or, conventionally can build described one or more conventional gas and oils Tibetan, described one or more gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir and described production facility simultaneously.In any situation, ideally, with separately from gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir output or compare from conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir output separately, can be by carry out output from gas hydrates and conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir simultaneously and the life-span, make production facility more be made full use of in the output of oil-gas reservoir.
The object of this invention is to provide by combining and utilize production facility to improve from the method for the economy of conventional gas and oil Tibetan and gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir output natural gas, described production facility is also processed from gas and/or the oil of one or more conventional gas and oil oil-gas reservoir while outputs.
Another object is to provide with same production facility and processes from the system of the fluid of gas hydrates field and conventional gas and oil field while output thus.This has the effect that gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir is combined with the production profile of conventional gas and/or oily oil-gas reservoir, therefore the different production facilities that are respectively used to conventional hydrocarbon field or oil-gas reservoir and gas hydrates field or oil-gas reservoir from use are compared, and have improved total economy of output hydrocarbon from field, described field.
Accompanying drawing is briefly described
Just following description, unsettled claim and accompanying drawing will be understood these and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention better, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows how with conventional production facility is separated, also then to process from the flow chart of the fluid of conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir output;
Fig. 2 is the schematic illustrations of offshore hydrocarbon output system, and described system comprises to be accepted simultaneously and processes from the oily gentle oil-gas reservoir of a plurality of routines in sea with from the hydrocarbon of one or more gas hydrates oil-gas reservoirs and the production facility of water;
Fig. 3 is the schematic illustrations of land hydrocarbon output system, described system comprises to be accepted from the oily gentle oil-gas reservoir of a plurality of routines with from the hydrocarbon of one or more gas hydrates oil-gas reservoirs and the production facility of water simultaneously, and wherein said oil-gas reservoir is positioned at permafrost soil layer below;
Fig. 4 comprises the schematic diagram from the exemplary production facility of the water of conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir and hydrate oil-gas reservoir and the separation equipment of hydrocarbon (being natural gas and/or oil) for separating of acceptance for example seeing in Fig. 2 or 3;
Fig. 5 is that to utilize gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir step-down to make gas hydrate dissociation be natural G&W and natural gas and aquatic products are gone out to the sectional view of the gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir of well;
Fig. 6 A-B is the coordinate diagram from the output separately of the G&W of conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir, wherein in early stage natural gas output of oil-gas reservoir life-span, reaches peak value and then reduces in time and aquatic products goes out and conventionally increases in time;
Fig. 7 A-B is from the coordinate diagram of the output separately of the G&W of gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir, wherein when initial aquatic products go out with respect to gas output higher and then in the later stage in gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir life-span gas output with respect to aquatic products, go out to increase; And
Fig. 8 A-B is the coordinate diagram from the output separately of the G&W of the exemplary conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir about Fig. 6 A-B and 7A-B coordinate diagram and gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir associating output; To show the hydrocarbon of merging and the coordinate diagram that aquatic products goes out with Fig. 8 C.
Describe in detail
I. hydrocarbon output system:
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the first embodiment of sea or deep water hydrocarbon output system 20.System 20 comprise be positioned at seawater 28 and 30 belows, seabed the first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir 22 and 24 and the second gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir 26.Conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir 22 and 24 is the first mixture of output water and hydrocarbon (for example natural gas and/or oil) typically.Gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir 26 output water and hydrocarbon (being mainly natural gas).Offshore drilling platform 32 carryings are below by the production facility of more describing in detail about Fig. 4 34.Production facility 34 is at least in part by liquid, and water and/or oil are separated with natural gas.Ideally, also can be separated with oil by production facility 34 Jiang Shui.
In this concrete first exemplary of hydrocarbon output system 20, conventional gas and oil Tibetan 22 is managed 36 by production and is connected with production facility 34 fluids.Conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir 24 is connected with production facility 34 fluids with tieback assembly (tieback) 42 by submarine well 40.Shown that gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir 26 is communicated with submarine well 44 fluids, described submarine well and then be connected with production facility 34 by tieback assembly 46.The first mixture of conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir 22 and 24 output water and oil and/or gas, this first mixture is transported to production facility 34 for processing.Simultaneously, the second mixture of the gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir 26 main natural G&Ws of output, this second mixture be transferred to production facility 34 for natural G&W and oil (if exist obvious amount be included in oily in this second mixture time) separation.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of another exemplary of hydrocarbon output system 120, and in this case, this system is continental rise rather than sea base.Output system 120 comprises conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir 122 and 124 and gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir 126 and 128.Arctic offshore boring island 132 is positioned on permafrost soil layer 130.Conventionally the production facility 134 that is similar to output system 34 is positioned on arctic offshore boring island 132 tops.Production facility 134 for separating of with process to accept from conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir 122 and 124 and natural gas, the You Heshui of gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir 126 and 128.Producing pipe 136 is connected conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir 122 with arctic offshore boring island 132 with 124 with 142 with production facility 134 fluids.The first mixture of water, gas and oil is typically from conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir 122 and 124 outputs.Produce pipe 144 and 146 for by the second mixture of natural G&W from gas hydrates oil- gas reservoir 126 and 128 fluid transports to arctic offshore boring island 132 and production facility 134.The second mixture can also comprise small part oil.
Fig. 4 is offshore boring island 32 and the schematic diagram that is positioned at the production facility 34 on offshore boring island 32.By the first fluid mixture from conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir 22 and 24 outputs with from gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir 26 outputs, be that second fluid mixture is collected together and is supplied to production facility 34.Production facility 34 comprise lead to gas and liquid separator 52 enter pipeline 50, in described eliminator, by gas (comprising natural gas), for example oil is separated with water with liquid.By gas line 54, gas is transported to gas processing device 56 and compression and output equipment 58 from gas and liquid separator 52.By liquid line 60, liquid is transported to water and the oil eliminator 62 that makes water separated with oil from eliminator 52.Gas, oil and water separation equipment are known in the art and will be further described at this.
By oil pipeline 64, oil transported and by water pipeline 66, isolated water transport walked.Can described water be further processed or be processed and then deliver to by water treatment facilities 68 water body and/or injection device 70.Can by oil treatment equipment 72, described oil be further processed and then be delivered to subsequently and store or output equipment 74.Storage or output equipment 74 can be the groove tank (not shown) on offshore boring island 32.Or, treated oil can be discharged to as the cargo ship of storage facilities for example on oil carrier.In addition, can treated oil be transported to land based installation by pipeline.Those skilled in the art can understand, and can carry separation equipment so that gas, oil and water is separated and then store separated fluid with independent offshore boring island or floating storehouse with floating storehouse, and not use offshore boring island 32 and production facility 34.In addition, or can process the first and second mixtures by production facility 34.Yet, only need to build a production facility 34 and deal with the while from the separated needs of the fluid of conventional gas and oil Tibetan and gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir output.
The separation equipment 134 of in a similar manner, combining use with arctic offshore boring island 132 can comprise similar gas and liquid separator 52 and water and oil eliminator 62.Or separation equipment 134 can be single gas, water and the separated separation equipment of oil of making.If or from conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir and gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir only main output gas and water, only need gas and separator to carry out the fluid of separated output as a part for production facility 34.
Fig. 5 has shown for example schematic diagram of gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir 26 of gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir.Drill through submarine well 44 and be placed on oil-gas reservoir 26 fluids and be communicated with.
In this specific embodiments, submarine well 44 can be combined and make for extracting fluid out with electric submersible pump (ESP) 48, so in hydrate oil-gas reservoir 26, pressure is lower.Under enough low pressure, the gas hydrates in hydrate oil-gas reservoir 26 contain water, natural gas and some possible oily liquid mixtures by resolving into.By well 44 and tieback assembly 46, this mixture is transported to offshore boring island 32 and production facility 34.The another kind of mode that reduces pressure in gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir is to use gaslift.
As shown in Figure 5, hydrate oil-gas reservoir 26 be have the superstratum 76 that is covered with and with the gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir of gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir 26Jie circle permeable or impermeable stratum (strata) 78 below.Stratum 78 can comprise water and/or free gas and/or oil.When step-down, thereby the decomposition of hydrate being communicated with vertical submarine well 44 fluids forms the resolver 82 that approximately the common vertical orientated hourglass shape centered by well is decomposed leading edge 80 and contained liquids and gases at porous subsurface formations.If well is level or inclination at any angle between vertical and level, the shape of decomposing leading edge and resolver can be different, but identical generic principles (principal) will still be suitable for.
Hydrate oil-gas reservoir 26 can be I level (NGH is above free gas), II level (NGH is above circulating water) or III level (NGH is above impermeable stratum) or other oil-gas reservoir that contains hydrate.About making gas hydrate dissociation produce the mixture of natural G&W, can use for example above about the described step-down method of utilizing electric submersible pump (ESP) of Fig. 5.With ESP, reduce another example that pressure in hydrate formation produces for natural gas and be described in the U.S. Patent application 2007/0 that is entitled as Method and System for Development of Hydrocarbon Bearing Formation Including Depressurization of Gas Hydrates, in 144,738.
Or, can also use other technology by gas hydrates change into can output to well and be transported to the fluid mixture of production facility.For example, thermal source can be introduced to gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir 26 so that gas hydrate dissociation.For example U.S. Patent No. 7,165,621, described in Method for Exploitation of Gas Hydrates, the warm water from aquifer can be incorporated into hydrate oil-gas reservoir.Can for example by combustion fuel with combustion product, add extra heat to carry out heating water compound, see the U.S. Patent No. 6,973,968 that is entitled as Method of Natural Gas Production.Or, be for example entitled as the U.S. Patent application No.2005/0 of Method and System for Producing Methane Gas from Methane Hydrate Formations, 161,217 provide, and can add heat by resistance heated.Those skilled in the art can understand, thereby can use other heating means to make decomposition of hydrate allow output in adjacent well.
For making the another kind of institute proposed way of decomposition of hydrate, be by using chemicals.For example, U.S. Patent No. 4,424,866 have instructed employing to add CaCl to hydrate formation
2or CaBr
2hot supersaturated solution.
For another method that makes to decompose from the natural gas of hydrate oil-gas reservoir, be by introducing the chemicals of the natural gas that can replace clathrate hydrate.U.S. Patent No. 6,733,573, is entitled as Catalyst Allowing Conversion of Natural Gas Hydrate and Liquid CO
2to CO
2hydrate and Natural Gas, can introduce carbon dioxide hydrate oil-gas reservoir and using displacement and form carbon dioxide hydrate as the methane gas of guest molecule thereby provide.Similarly, U.S. Patent No. 7,222,673 have described with carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide or its mixture and have replaced the methane in clathrate hydrate.At this, by reference above-mentioned quoted patent and patent application are all incorporated in full with it, as the example that makes the mode of decomposition of hydrate.
Those skilled in the art can understand, and can also use other method to make natural gas decomposition and these methods from gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir is within the scope of the invention.Then the mixture of the water from hydrate formation output and natural gas and the mixture of hydrocarbon from one or more conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir outputs and water are merged to production facility separated for produced fluid and that process, provide water gentle and possible oily merging production profile.Now the benefit that the output from hydrate oil-gas reservoir and conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir will be merged is described.
II. production profile:
A. conventional hydrocarbon (G&O) output system
In brief, by ground, to tie up pressure vessel be that the physics of conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir is unstowed and caused in the conventional gentle production of oil.Conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir is filled with the porous rock stratum of natural gas and/or oil and water typically.Thereby completion is maybe placed in this well to be communicated with conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir fluid and allows, by described well and other pipeline, the fluid mixture of gas, oil and water is transported to production facility.Production facility generally includes for separating of gas, water and oil treatment equipment with processing gas, oil and water.
The initil output of gas and/or oil is conventionally relatively high and reach very soon peak value, is then typically long-term and irreversible decline.Fig. 6 A has shown production profile 86, and this production profile has been described this peak value (peaking) of gas and/or oily output and declined.Must to gas and/or oil be separated and treatment facility design has enough abilities and deals with gas and/or oily maximum output.Yet bracket 87 has shown gas and/or oil is separated and the ability for the treatment of facility is under-utilized afterwards.The stage afterwards of producing can utilize promote oil recovery method for example water drive (secondary and cube method) to keep as far as possible chronically hardy gas and/or oil yield higher than economic break-even point.
Conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir can have 88 the water production profile of distributing in Fig. 6 B for example, and this is distributed in when initial very low, but it increases in time.That is, the contained water of produced fluid typically increases in time.Aquifer below buoyant G&O is along with the G&O being covered with is taken out from conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir and slowly moves towards well.Water drive can further improve from the amount of the water of conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir output, must process described water.Again, must be to water separated and treatment facility design there is enough abilities and process maximum aquatic products and go out.Separated and the disposal ability underutilization of the water of bracket 89 hint production facility during conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir output life-span early stage.
From net present value (NPV) viewpoint, see that the net result of above-mentioned production profile is positive economically.Certainly must build the treatment facility of high cost.Yet conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir, from the outset with very high output of yield gas and/or oil, produces very fast profitability thereby pay relatively soon and ideally initial capital investment.Yet also must build and there is the production facility of very large water treatment capacity, particularly Offshore Units, described water treatment capacity will may keep under-utilized between many decades, and this is because of increasing key facility normally difficulty and high cost in the later stage in life-span to hydrocarbon output system.
B. gas hydrates output system
Refer now to Fig. 7 B, from the water production profile 90 of gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir, reach in early days peak value.Suppose and use step-down method to make decomposition of hydrate, thereby must reduce oil-gas reservoir pressure, with stable the sealing of impelling hydrate oil-gas reservoir environment to depart from hydrate, make decomposition of hydrate be decomposed into natural G&W.Above about having realized this pressure decreased by using ESP to pump water in the described embodiment of Fig. 5 in well.Necessary pumping is very large with the amount of the water of reduction hydrate oil-gas reservoir pressure.Along with the time, when oil-gas reservoir approaches the best low-pressure that continues output, can significantly reduce the pump discharge of water.As shown in bracket 91, once most hydrate oil-gas reservoir moves to, hydrate is stable seals outside in the later stage in hydrate oil-gas reservoir output life-span, and the water of production facility is separated and disposal ability utilization is quite not enough.
C. combine gas hydrates and conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir output system
Fig. 8 A, 8B and 8C have shown exemplary gas and water production profile 94 and 96, wherein the output from one or more conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoirs and the output from one or more gas hydrates oil-gas reservoirs are merged.In this case, hide or the situation of the output of hydrate oil-gas reservoir is compared with only utilizing from conventional gas and oil, from total output system, for example the system 20 of reference above or the hydrocarbon of 120 merging go out to produce in time relative more uniform aquatic products with aquatic products and.Therefore,, if compared from the fluid output of only conventional hydrocarbon or only hydrate oil-gas reservoir with the utilization of output system, in the life-span of output system, gas, oil and water processing establishment can be utilized more fully.
As the bracket 95 in Fig. 8 A implies, it should be noted that the separated and treatment facility underutilization of the hydrocarbon relevant with conventional hydrocarbon output with the hydrate merging is less than the underutilization shown in Fig. 6 A bracket 87 (conventional hydrocarbon output) or Fig. 7 A bracket 93 (hydrate output).Similarly, as shown in bracket 97, in Fig. 8 B, water underutilization (hydrocarbon of merging and hydrate output) separated and treatment facility is less than the underutilization (hydrate output) that the bracket 91 of the underutilization (conventional hydrocarbon output) shown in the bracket 89 of Fig. 6 B or Fig. 7 B provides.Fig. 8 C shows owing to merging produced fluid and output water and hydrocarbon from conventional hydrocarbon and hydrate oil-gas reservoir.
From net present value (NPV) viewpoint, the result of above-mentioned production profile is positive economically.Certainly must build the facility of high cost, but they are from the outset with very high output of yield gas and/or oil, thereby pay initial capitalization and produce relatively fast income.Yet these facilities (particularly Offshore Units) also must build to such an extent that have a very large water treatment capacity, this water treatment capacity will between many decades, keep need not, this is because of increase key facility normally difficulty and high cost in the later stage in life-span.For while output and the fluid of processing from hydrate oil-gas reservoir, those that hide except conventional gas and oil, if with the fluid-phase ratio of processing output with independent production facility, in the life-span of project, hydrocarbon output system 20 and disposal ability separated with water with 120 hydrocarbon more evenly or fully utilized.
III. the hydrate merging and the exploitation of conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir output system:
Each in above-described system 20 and 120 comprises hydrate oil-gas reservoir and conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir.From these oil-gas reservoirs, carry out output and then use same production facility to process simultaneously.This associating output has two kinds of effects that production profile is combined from conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir and hydrate oil-gas reservoir.
Can develop hydrocarbon output system by many modes.First, can develop and comprise that one or more conventional gas and oils are hidden and the system of production facility.Then, can develop one or more nigh hydrate oil-gas reservoir and output equipment connection to production facility is in position hidden to the fluid mixture of output from conventional gas and oil with processing.The advantage that this ad hoc fashion of oil-gas reservoir or oil field development provides is to increase from one or more hydrate oil-gas reservoir output hydrocarbon as untapped ground append mode, and described maiden field Tanaka, having completed conventional gas and oil Tibetan and production facility is brown exploitation.
For developing the another kind of method of conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir and gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir, be a plurality of oil-gas reservoir of joint development simultaneously conventionally.Approximately drilling through necessary well simultaneously and carrying out completion.The advantage that this development plan provides is that the facility of formed objects from the outset can carry out output from the oil-gas reservoir of two types, thereby Grade cut-off benefit is provided.At least desired configuration can be currently available technology state, for the independent facility in conventional oil field and hydrate oil field.
This in hydrocarbon output system is based at least some following fundamental cause from the economic benefits that conventional gas and oil is hidden and the combination of output is combined in hydrate oil-gas reservoir:
1. need to build only one rather than two production facilities to sizing.
2. in the life-span of hydrocarbon output system, hydrocarbon processing equipment can be utilized more fully, and this is because supplemented the hydrocarbon output reducing gradually from conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir from the hydrocarbon output increasing gradually of hydrate oil-gas reservoir.
3. in the life-span of hydrocarbon output system, water separation and treatment facility can be utilized more fully, and this is to go out by the aquatic products reducing gradually from one or more hydrate oil-gas reservoirs to go out partial offset because of the aquatic products increasing gradually from conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir.
4. also significantly reduced project risk, this is because there are at present two independently hydrocarbon source (being conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir and hydrate oil-gas reservoir) supply production facilities.
Although above-mentioned explanation of the present invention is described with regard to its some preferred embodiment, but providing many details is for purpose of explanation, to be apparent that to those skilled in the art, the present invention is easy to change and some other details described herein can change and deviates from quite greatly and not basic principle of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. from the method for a plurality of hydrocarbonaceous oil-gas reservoir output hydrocarbon, the method comprises:
From the first mixture of at least one conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir output water and hydrocarbon, described hydrocarbon comprises at least one in oil and gas, and this first mixture is transported to the production facility that comprises water separation equipment, in order to process this first mixture of water and hydrocarbon;
From the second mixture of at least one gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir output water and natural gas, also this second mixture is transported to described production facility, in order to process this second mixture of water and natural gas simultaneously; With
Utilize described production facility to process described the first and second mixtures at least in part water and hydrocarbon are isolated from described the first and second mixtures.
2. the process of claim 1 wherein: utilize described production facility that the first and second mixtures are separated into oil, natural G&W.
3. the process of claim 1 wherein: at least one gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir is positioned at below, seabed.
4. the process of claim 1 wherein: at least one gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir is positioned at ever frozen soil below.
5. the process of claim 1 wherein: by making gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir step-down carry out the second mixture described in output to discharge natural G&W from this gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir.
6. the process of claim 1 wherein: the moisture content of described the first mixture increases in time and the moisture content of described the second mixture reduces in time.
7. the process of claim 1 wherein: the aquifer yield of described the first mixture increases in time and the aquifer yield of the second mixture reduces after reaching maximum aquifer yield.
8. hydrocarbon output system, this system comprises:
The the first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir that contains water and hydrocarbon, described hydrocarbon comprises at least one in oil and gas;
The the second gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir that contains gas hydrates; With
With the production facility that described the first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir and described the second gas hydrates reservoir fluid are communicated with, this production facility comprises water separation equipment;
Wherein said production facility can be by separated with water with the hydrocarbon of the second gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir while output from the first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir.
9. the hydrocarbon output system of claim 8, wherein: described the first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir and the second gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir are positioned at below, seabed.
10. the hydrocarbon output system of claim 8, wherein: described the first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir and the second gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir are positioned at ever frozen soil below.
11. methods from hydrocarbonaceous oil-gas reservoir output hydrocarbon, the method comprises:
The first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir that exploitation contains water and hydrocarbon, described hydrocarbon comprises at least one in oil and gas;
The second gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir that exploitation contains gas hydrates;
The production facility that structure comprises water separation equipment; With
Described the first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir is connected with this production facility fluid with the second gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir;
Can the first mixture of the hydrocarbon from described the first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir and water and while be separated into at least one water and described G&O from the second mixture of the natural G&W of described the second gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir output by this production facility thus.
The method of 12. claims 11, wherein: first develop described the first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir and by described production facility, described first mixture of hydrocarbon and water is separated into hydrocarbon and water in certain hour section; With
After exploitation the first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir, develop described the second gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir.
The method of 13. claims 11, wherein: develop described the first conventional hydrocarbon and the second gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir simultaneously.
The method of 14. claims 11, wherein: the output lifetime at the first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir increases from the moisture content of the first mixture of the first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir output.
The method of 15. claims 11, wherein: the moisture content of described the second mixture reduces in time with respect to the moisture content of described the first mixture.
16. methods from the common output hydrocarbon of hydrocarbonaceous oil-gas reservoir, the method comprises:
A) the first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir that exploitation contains water and hydrocarbon, described hydrocarbon comprises at least one in oil and gas;
B) the second gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir that exploitation contains gas hydrates simultaneously;
C) from the first mixture of described the first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir output water and hydrocarbon, described hydrocarbon comprises at least one in oil and gas, and this first mixture is transported to production facility;
F) from the second mixture of described the second gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir output water and natural gas, also this second mixture is transported to described production facility simultaneously;
G) use described production facility to process described the first mixture and described the second mixture with at least one in Separation of Water output oil and gas;
Wherein increasing in time described the first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir moisture content increases and hydrocarbon decline, increases in time described the second gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir moisture content and declines and hydrocarbon increase.
The method of 17. claims 16, the output with from the first conventional hydrocarbon gas reservoir and the second gas hydrates oil-gas reservoir time of at least one in wherein said Separation of Water output oil and gas remains consistent.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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|---|---|---|---|
| US12/197,811 | 2008-08-25 | ||
| US12/197,811 US8232438B2 (en) | 2008-08-25 | 2008-08-25 | Method and system for jointly producing and processing hydrocarbons from natural gas hydrate and conventional hydrocarbon reservoirs |
| PCT/US2009/054730 WO2010027723A2 (en) | 2008-08-25 | 2009-08-24 | Method and system for jointly producing and processing hydrocarbons from natural gas hydrate and conventional hydrocarbon reservoirs |
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| CN102165138A CN102165138A (en) | 2011-08-24 |
| CN102165138B true CN102165138B (en) | 2014-05-07 |
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| EP (2) | EP3369890B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5559793B2 (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102165138A (en) | 2011-08-24 |
| AU2009288470B2 (en) | 2015-07-16 |
| KR20110046568A (en) | 2011-05-04 |
| JP5559793B2 (en) | 2014-07-23 |
| KR101409555B1 (en) | 2014-06-19 |
| DK2318653T3 (en) | 2019-03-04 |
| CA2734808A1 (en) | 2010-03-11 |
| EP3369890A1 (en) | 2018-09-05 |
| RU2502862C2 (en) | 2013-12-27 |
| US20100048963A1 (en) | 2010-02-25 |
| EP3369890B1 (en) | 2019-10-09 |
| EP2318653A4 (en) | 2017-09-27 |
| CA2734808C (en) | 2014-03-25 |
| EP2318653B1 (en) | 2018-11-14 |
| RU2011111273A (en) | 2012-09-27 |
| US8232438B2 (en) | 2012-07-31 |
| NZ591303A (en) | 2013-03-28 |
| WO2010027723A2 (en) | 2010-03-11 |
| WO2010027723A3 (en) | 2010-06-17 |
| AU2009288470A1 (en) | 2010-03-11 |
| EP2318653A2 (en) | 2011-05-11 |
| JP2012500921A (en) | 2012-01-12 |
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