Background technology
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, Xian You DC Brushless Motor includes a rotor R, a stator P, one drive circuit IC usually; This rotor R is around this stator P, and this stator P polarity tooth (including P1, P2, P3, P4) quantity equates with rotor R magnetic pole (including R1, R2, R3, R4) quantity and is corresponding on circumference.Like this, when carrying out the polarity switching in the motor operation, because each all stator polarity tooth mid points is corresponding with each rotor magnetic pole mid point, all stator polarity teeth must switch simultaneously, in the moment that stator polarity tooth switches, the radial load of motor maximum and circumferentially component be zero, so the motor stall has the dead angle, when stopping because of motor again, because stator polarity tooth P1, P2, P3, P4 and rotor magnetic pole R1, R2, R3, R4 correspondence respectively inhales mutually, make each each magnetic pole mid point of polarity tooth mid point and rotor of stator be in the phase place of aliging, therefore, in the moment of motor starting, the active force that each magnetic pole and magnetic field of each polarity tooth magnetic field of stator and rotor produces is radially reaching maximum, but circumferentially be zero, namely the starting torque of motor is zero, the startup difficulty of motor; And, because the minimal torque of motor is zero, thus the amplitude ratio of motor greater than 1, the change in torque during motor operation is big, motor is shaken easily, the operation noise is big.
Start difficult problem at DC Brushless Motor, following scheme arranged at present:
One, the polarity tooth with stator is designed to the asymmetric profile of both sides size, when motor is static like this, stator polarity tooth and rotor magnetic pole suction mutually can make rotor magnetic pole mid point and stator polarity tooth mid point depart from small phase place, thereby guarantee that the moment of torsion of motor was non-vanishing when energising started, reach the purpose of motor starting, power is used in the dependence that is in operation makes motor to turn round continuously; By such design, though motor can start and operation, but the moment of torsion when starting is relatively very little, so load starts difficulty when big, the zero moment of torsion of motor still exists, and the moment of torsion amplitude ratio of motor does not improve, so the dead angle still exists during stall, motor is easily shaken, and the motor operation noise is big, and motor only is suitable for the not high occasion of little load quality requirements to be used.
Two, adopting maximum at present is to solve with the three-phase motor circuit, but the circuit cost costliness of three-phase direct-current brushless motor circuit, its cost be tens of times of common motor drive circuit normally, circuit complexity and circuit space are relatively large, circuit needs shortcomings such as plug-in in micro motor, and its application is restricted;
For example: 200920169532.2 1 kinds of brushless DC motors that drive in non-wholecircle week of patent, this patent specifically is that a kind of three stator polarity teeth of non-uniform Distribution are one group three-phase motor, obviously there is above-mentioned weak point in it;
And for example patent 200810190379.1 Brushless DC motors and driver element thereof, being proficient in the industry, the personnel of technology can find, its basic scheme is, all stators of motor have identical profile, its stator number of teeth is quantitatively corresponding one by one with the rotor magnetic pole number, the corresponding drive circuit of stator, its stator is evenly staggered in axial simple stack but at radially relative phase, though do not mention the dead angle problem that can effectively solve motor in this patent, but its scheme that provides has substantially just solved the problem of motor zero moment of torsion, and its motor operation does not have the dead angle; Because it is in axial stack by two or more stators, and the shared axial space ratio of the insulating material of each stator and line bag is very big, so just wasted the axial space of motor preciousness, the total silicon steel sheet of all stators is very little at the whole axial space proportion of the relative rotor of axial gross thickness, and its load capacity is very little.As everyone knows, in the external rotor DC Brushless Motor, the height of motor is more high, its part precision and moulding are more difficult, the balance of its rotor is more poor, therefore, and under the situation of motor equal height, it is impossible obtaining the load capacity identical with the conventional DC brushless motor, otherwise, obtain higher motor load ability, must increase external rotor greatly at axial height, when highly reaching one regularly, its inevitable cost that increases procedure for producing greatly.In addition, when it applied on the internal rotor DC Brushless Motor, because magnet is less in axial effective length utilance, and the magnet of inner rotor motor was generally expensive magnet steel or rare earth material, and the cost of its magnetic material waste is just relatively large;
Also have, 200910025738.2 1 kinds of segmentation rotor shapes of patent reluctance motor, it is three-phase 6/4 structure or four 8/6 structure or three-phase 12/8 structure mutually, it is inner rotor motor, rotor magnetic pole quantity is lacked than stator polarity number of teeth amount, and there is expensive, the institute number of drawbacks such as big that takes up space equally in it.
Therefore, need work out a kind of new technical scheme and solve the problems referred to above.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to the disappearance of prior art existence, its main purpose provides a kind of dislocation DC Brushless Motor that drive more, and its compact conformation, motor operation do not have the dead angle, startability is good and compare traditional three-phase motor greatly reduces cost.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of dislocation DC Brushless Motor that drive comprise the staggered drive circuit of a rotor, a stator and a plurality of induced phase more, and this rotor centers on round stator or by stator; Wherein, this rotor has a plurality of magnetic poles, and this stator has a plurality of polarity teeth, and this stator polarity gear ratio rotor magnetic pole number is few, and this stator contains many group line bags, and one group of line held aforementioned one or more stator polarity tooth; Aforementioned a plurality of drive circuit is corresponding many group line bags respectively, the phase time that carries out the polarity switching between the stator polarity tooth is staggered, be that each or every group of stator polarity tooth are when switching, remaining stator polarity tooth is in the operating state of non-switching, the moment of torsion that all stator polarity teeth and rotor magnetic pole effect produce is staggered in phase place, and their stacks form the moment of torsion of motor, and motor torsional moment is always greater than zero, the motor minimal torque is near average torque, and motor operation does not have the dead angle.
As a kind of preferred version, described rotor magnetic pole number is a, and this a magnetic pole is evenly distributed on the circumference of rotor, and the shared circumference angle of the single magnetic pole of rotor is 360 °/a; Stator former polarity tooth number is b, and b<a, the common divisor that rotor magnetic pole is counted a and stator polarity number of teeth b is c, and minimum common divisor is c=1, and greatest common divisor is c=d, and d<b, every c stator tooth is formed one group of line bag, drive circuit of every group of line bag configuration, and then motor has b/c drive circuit, motor is up to b drive circuit, and the motor minimum has b/d drive circuit.
As a kind of preferred version, described each drive circuit is worked simultaneously, total d stator polarity tooth switching with carrying out polarity in a flash, after one stator polarity tooth carries out the polarity switching, must be through the switching of b/d-1 other different stator polarity teeth, return this stator polarity tooth and carry out switching the second time, circulate with this.
As a kind of preferred version, described each stator polarity tooth is evenly distributed on the circumference, and the phase angle of adjacent stators polarity between cog is 360 °/b, the single polarity tooth of stator and the single magnetic pole of rotor take up space and are 360 °/a, like this, during each stator polarity tooth work, at most with two magnetic pole effects.
As a kind of preferred version, the greatest common divisor that described stator polarity number of teeth b and rotor magnetic pole are counted a equals 1, each stator polarity tooth is wound with a line and holds group, each line holds assembly and puts a drive circuit, after the first stator polarity tooth switches, every through 360 °/b/a phase place, have a different stator polarity tooth to switch, after switching through b time, rotor is through 180 °/a, return the first stator polarity tooth and carry out every secondary switching, the rest may be inferred, gets back to and the first stator polarity tooth switching position through first magnetic pole after the week, and each stator polarity tooth and each magnetic pole all switch once, each all inner motor switches for total a*b time, because the switching phase place difference of each stator polarity tooth, so the numerical value of b is more big, moment of torsion is more steady, the moment of torsion amplitude ratio is more little, and the stability of motor is more good.
As a kind of preferred version, the greatest common divisor that described stator polarity number of teeth b and rotor magnetic pole are counted a is 2, each stator polarity tooth has a line and holds when organizing, total b drive circuit, when corresponding the 1st magnetic pole of its 1st stator polarity tooth switches, corresponding a/2+1 the magnetic pole of b/2+1 stator polarity tooth on the 1st stator polarity tooth opposite switches simultaneously, this is formed one group of stator polarity tooth group to stator polarity tooth, share a line and hold group, share a drive circuit, the rest may be inferred, forms b/2 stator polarity tooth group, disposes b/2 drive circuit, and, no matter this motor adopts b drive circuit works still is b/2 drive circuit works, and torque and the phase place of each stator polarity tooth output are all identical, and the motor operation effect is identical; When adopting b/2 drive circuit works the few son of drive circuit half; And owing to be to carry out at a pair of stator polarity between cog that differs 180 ° during each the switching, its radial load is just cancelled out each other, so do not have radial impact power when switching at every turn, the stability of motor is better.
As a kind of preferred version, described stator polarity number of teeth b and rotor magnetic pole are counted a a plurality of common divisors, each stator polarity tooth has a line and holds when organizing, total b drive circuit, when corresponding the 1st magnetic pole of its 1st stator polarity tooth switches, the b/d+1 that is uniformly distributed along the circumference, 2b/d+1 ... (d-1) total d the stator polarity tooth of * b/d+1 and the 1st stator polarity tooth switches simultaneously, this d stator polarity tooth that switches simultaneously formed one group of stator polarity tooth group, share a line and hold group, share a drive circuit, the rest may be inferred, forms b/d stator polarity tooth group altogether, disposes b/d drive circuit; Perhaps, c the stator polarity tooth that is uniformly distributed along the circumference formed one group be divided into into b/c group stator polarity tooth group, dispose b/c drive circuit, and, no matter this motor is that b drive circuit works or b/c drive circuit are worked simultaneously, torque and the phase place of each stator polarity tooth output are all identical, and the motor operation effect is identical; Drive circuit reduces when adopting b/c drive circuit works, and when c=d, drive circuit is minimum; And all have when switching at every turn d along the circumferential direction uniform stator polarity tooth act on simultaneously, its resultant radial force is zero, so do not have radial impact power when switching at every turn, the stability of motor is better.
As a kind of preferred version, described stator polarity number of teeth b and rotor magnetic pole are counted a common divisor c, a stator polarity tooth group is formed in the design that relies closely of c stator polarity tooth together, each stator polarity tooth group is evenly distributed on circumferencial direction, and d/c group stator polarity tooth group shares a line and holds group.
After the present invention adopted technique scheme, its beneficial effect was:
One, because the general drive circuit of DC Brushless Motor is very cheap, by increasing drive circuit simply, make the torque characteristics of motor obtain the improvement of matter, motor operation does not have the dead angle, and startability is good, and the vibration of motor reduces, and noise reduces;
Two, owing to increased drive circuit, the load capacity that motor can bear is increased, therefore under the situation of higher load, motor drive circuit can namely not finished by a plurality of simple drive circuit by external power amplification circuit, has saved the cost of plug-in circuit;
Three, because the drive circuit that motor increases designs simultaneously on a circuit board, so the physical dimension of motor do not change, and the increase of rotor magnetic pole number can't increase manufacturing cost;
Four, when motor needs higher efficient, can easily realize by increasing the stator polarity tooth number of teeth, and conventional DC brushless motor increase stator polarity tooth can make the coiling processing procedure become very difficult, therefore is difficult to solve by the quantity that increases stator polarity tooth;
Five, this structure is fit to dc brushless external rotor motor and brush DC inner rotor motor simultaneously, especially is fit to simultaneously flabellum directly be designed epitrochanterian brush DC fan motor outside.
For more clearly setting forth architectural feature of the present invention and effect, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 4 to shown in Figure 28, it has demonstrated the concrete structure of the present invention's preferred embodiment, this dislocation DC Brushless Motor that drive comprise the staggered drive circuit IC of a rotor R, a stator P and a plurality of induced phase more, and this rotor R centers on round stator P or by stator P; Wherein, this rotor R has a plurality of magnetic poles, and this stator P has a plurality of polarity teeth, and this stator polarity gear ratio rotor magnetic pole number is few, and this stator P contains many group line bags, and one group of line held aforementioned one or more stator polarity tooth; Aforementioned a plurality of drive circuit IC is corresponding many group line bags respectively, the phase time that carries out the polarity switching between the stator polarity tooth is staggered, be that each or every group of stator polarity tooth are when switching, remaining stator polarity tooth is in the operating state of non-switching, the moment of torsion that all stator polarity teeth and rotor magnetic pole effect produce is staggered in phase place, and their stacks form the moment of torsion of motor, and motor torsional moment is always greater than zero, the motor minimal torque is near average torque, and motor operation does not have the dead angle.
Extremely shown in Figure 9 as Fig. 4, it is for first kind of embodiment of the present invention, this motor rotor number of magnetic poles is a=4, the stator polarity number of teeth is b=3, the common divisor of the stator polarity number of teeth and rotor magnetic pole number is c=1, the drive circuit number of motor is that b/c=3(is that IC1~IC3), the corresponding line of each stator polarity tooth holds group and one drive circuit; Fig. 5 switches the work schematic diagram of moment for motor, the mid point of stator polarity tooth P1 is corresponding with rotor magnetic pole R1 mid point, stator polarity tooth P1 is in switching condition, the radial load of this moment stator polarity tooth P1 and rotor magnetic pole R1 effect is maximum but circumferential component is zero, so the moment of torsion of stator polarity tooth P1 output is zero, stator polarity tooth P2, P3 all are in working condition, the torque drive motor running of stator polarity tooth P2, P3 output;
When rotor turns over 30 °, just the mid point with rotor magnetic pole R2 is corresponding for the mid point of stator polarity tooth P2, stator polarity tooth P2 switches, stator polarity tooth P2 output torque is zero, stator polarity tooth P1, P3 are in working condition, and the torque drive motor of stator polarity tooth P1, P3 output does not have pause and remains in operation;
When rotor turns over 60 °, just the mid point with rotor magnetic pole R3 is corresponding for the mid point of stator polarity tooth P3, stator polarity tooth P3 switches, stator polarity tooth P3 output torque is zero, stator polarity tooth P1, P2 are in working condition, and the torque drive motor of stator polarity tooth P1, P2 output does not have pause and remains in operation;
When rotor turned over 90 °, the mid point of stator polarity tooth P1 was just corresponding with the mid point of rotor magnetic pole R4 and begin polarity and switch, circulation according to this, and motor does not have the running continuously that pauses.
The output torque phase place schematic diagram of stator polarity tooth P1, stator polarity tooth P2 and stator polarity tooth P3 when Fig. 6 to Fig. 8 is respectively c=1; As can be seen from the figure, the moment of torsion output size of these 3 stator polarity tooth P1, P2, P3 is identical, phase place interlaces, and Fig. 9 is the synthetic output torque phase place schematic diagram of motor, as can be seen from Figure 9, the minimal torque of motor output torque is always greater than zero and near average torque, the moment of torsion amplitude ratio is little, and motor operation does not have the dead angle, and startability is good, the motor electromagnetism switches the vibration that causes and reduces, and noise reduces.
Extremely shown in Figure 16 as Figure 10, it is for second kind of embodiment of the present invention, this motor rotor number of magnetic poles is a=6, the stator polarity number of teeth is b=4, and the common divisor of the stator polarity number of teeth and rotor magnetic pole number is 1 and 2, and the drive circuit number of motor is 3 or 6, when each stator polarity tooth correspondence during around one group of line bag, the drive circuit number of motor is that 4(is IC1~IC4), and when the corresponding line of every pair of stator polarity tooth held group, the drive circuit number of motor was that 2(is IC1~IC2);
Switch the work schematic diagram of moment when motor had 2 drive circuits when Figure 10 was c=2, c=d=2, stator polarity tooth P1, P3 share a line and hold group and common drive IC circuit 1, stator polarity tooth P2, P4 share a line and hold group and common drive IC circuit 2, by the control of coiling processing procedure, the magnetic field of stator polarity tooth P1 output is just opposite with the magnetic field of stator polarity tooth P3 output, and the magnetic field of stator polarity tooth P2 output is just opposite with the magnetic field of stator polarity tooth P4 output;
Switch the work schematic diagram of moment when motor had 4 drive circuits when Figure 11 was c=1, c=1, each stator polarity tooth all have a line to hold group and one drive circuit; As seen from the figure, the polarity of stator polarity tooth P1, P3 is overlapping fully switching time, and it switches fully identical with Figure 10 with operational effect;
Be that example is described as follows with Figure 10: the mid point of shown position stator polarity tooth P1, P3 and rotor magnetic pole R1, R4 mid point are corresponding, stator polarity tooth P1, P3 are in switching condition, this moment, stator polarity tooth P1, P3 were maximum but circumferential component is zero with the radial load of rotor magnetic pole R1, R4 effect, and radial load is cancelled out each other; So the moment of torsion of stator polarity tooth P1, P3 output is zero, stator polarity tooth P2, P4 are in working condition, and the moment of torsion of stator polarity tooth P2, P3 output reaches maximum, stator polarity tooth P2, the running of P3 CD-ROM drive motor at this moment;
Just the mid point with rotor magnetic pole R2, R5 is corresponding for the mid point of stator polarity tooth P2, P4 when rotor turns over 30 °, stator polarity tooth P2, P4 switch, stator polarity tooth P2, P4 output torque are zero, stator polarity tooth P1, P3 are in working condition, and the moment of torsion of stator polarity tooth P1, P3 output reaches maximum at this moment, and stator polarity tooth P1, P3 CD-ROM drive motor do not have pause and remain in operation;
The mid point of stator polarity tooth P1, P3 is just corresponding with the mid point of rotor magnetic pole R6, R3 and begin polarity and switch when rotor turns over 60 °, circulation according to this, and motor does not have the running continuously that pauses.
Figure 12 to Figure 15 is respectively the output torque phase place schematic diagram of stator polarity tooth 1, stator polarity tooth P2, stator polarity tooth P3 and stator polarity tooth P4; As can be seen from the figure, torque and the phase place of this stator polarity tooth P1, P3 are identical, torque and the phase place of stator polarity tooth P2, P4 are identical, stator polarity tooth P1, P3 are identical with the moment of torsion output size of stator polarity tooth P2, P4, phase place interlaces, Figure 16 is the synthetic output torque phase place schematic diagram of motor, as can be seen from the figure, the minimal torque of motor output torque is always greater than zero and near average torque, the moment of torsion amplitude ratio is little, and motor operation does not have the dead angle, and startability is good, the motor electromagnetism switches the vibration that causes and reduces, and noise reduces.
Extremely shown in Figure 23 as Figure 17, it is for the third embodiment of the present invention, this motor rotor number of magnetic poles is a=16, the stator polarity number of teeth is b=12, the common divisor of the stator polarity number of teeth and rotor magnetic pole number is 1,2 and 4, the drive circuit number of motor is 12,6 or 3, when each stator polarity tooth correspondence during around one group of line bag, the drive circuit number of motor is that 12(is IC1~IC12), when the corresponding line of every pair of stator polarity tooth holds group, the drive circuit number of motor is that 6(is IC1~IC6), and when per 4 stator polarity teeth are one group of corresponding line when holding group, the drive circuit number of motor is that 3(is IC1~IC3);
Switch the work schematic diagram of moment when motor had 3 drive circuits when Figure 17 was c=4, stator polarity tooth P1, P4, P7, P10 shares a line and holds group and common drive IC circuit 1, stator polarity tooth P2, P5, P8, P11 shares a line and holds group and common drive IC circuit 2, stator polarity tooth P3, P6, P9, P12 shares a line and holds group and common drive IC circuit 3, by the control of coiling processing procedure, stator polarity tooth P1, P4, P7, the magnetic field unanimity of P10 output, stator polarity tooth P2, P5, P8, the magnetic field unanimity of P11 output, stator polarity tooth P3, P6, P9, the magnetic field unanimity of P12 output;
Switch the work schematic diagram of moment when motor had 6 drive circuits when Figure 18 was c=2, stator polarity tooth P1, P7 shares a line and holds group and common drive circuit 1, stator polarity tooth P2, P8 shares a line and holds group and common drive IC circuit 2, stator polarity tooth P3, P9 shares a line and holds group and common drive IC circuit 3, stator polarity tooth P4, P10 shares a line and holds group and common drive IC circuit 4, stator polarity tooth P5, P11 shares a line and holds group and common drive IC circuit 5, stator polarity tooth P6, P12 shares a line and holds group and common drive IC circuit 6; As seen from the figure, the polarity of stator polarity tooth P1, P7 and stator polarity tooth P4, P10 is overlapping fully switching time, and it switches fully identical with Figure 17 with operational effect;
Switch the work schematic diagram of moment when motor had 12 drive circuits when Figure 19 was c=1, each stator polarity tooth is joined a line and is held group and a drive circuit, as seen from the figure, the polarity of stator polarity tooth P1, P4, P7, P10 is overlapping fully switching time, and it switches fully identical with Figure 17 with operational effect;
Be that example is described as follows: c=4 with Figure 17, the mid point of shown position stator polarity tooth P1, P4, P7, P10 and rotor magnetic pole R1, R5, R9, R13 mid point are corresponding, stator polarity tooth P1, P4, P7, P10 are in switching condition, this moment, stator polarity tooth P1, P4, P7, P10 were maximum but circumferential component is zero with the radial load of rotor magnetic pole R1, R5, R9, R13 effect, and radial load is cancelled out each other; So the moment of torsion of stator polarity tooth P1, P4, P7, P10 output is zero, all the other stator polarity teeth are in working condition and the running of output torque CD-ROM drive motor;
Just the mid point with rotor magnetic pole R2, R6, R10, R14 is corresponding for the mid point of stator polarity tooth P2, P5, P8, P11 when rotor turns over 7.5 °, stator polarity tooth P2, P5, P8, P11 switch, stator polarity tooth P2, P5, P8, P11 output torque are zero, and all the other stator polarity teeth are in working condition and output torque CD-ROM drive motor not to be had to pause and remain in operation;
When rotor turns over 15 °, just the mid point with rotor magnetic pole R3, R7, R11, R15 is corresponding for the mid point of stator polarity tooth P3, P6, P9, P12, stator polarity tooth P3, P6, P9, P12 switch, stator polarity tooth P3, P6, P9, P12 output torque are zero, and all the other stator polarity teeth are in working condition and output torque CD-ROM drive motor not to be had to pause and remain in operation;
When rotor turned over 22.5 °, the mid point of stator polarity tooth P1, P4, P7, P10 was just corresponding with the mid point of rotor magnetic pole R16, R4, R8, R12 and begin polarity and switch, circulation according to this, and motor does not have the running continuously that pauses.
Figure 20 is the output torque phase place schematic diagram of stator polarity tooth P1, P4, P7, P10, Figure 21 is the output torque phase place schematic diagram of stator polarity tooth P2, P5, P8, P11, Figure 22 is the output torque phase place schematic diagram of stator polarity tooth P3, P6, P9, P12, Figure 23 is the synthetic output torque phase place schematic diagram of motor, as can be seen from the figure, the minimal torque of motor output torque is always greater than zero and near average torque, the moment of torsion amplitude ratio is little, motor operation does not have the dead angle, startability is good, the motor electromagnetism switches the vibration that causes and reduces, and noise reduces.
Extremely shown in Figure 28 as Figure 24, it is for the present invention's the 4th kind of embodiment, this motor rotor number of magnetic poles is 8, the stator polarity number of teeth is 6, and there are common divisor 2 in the stator polarity number of teeth and rotor magnetic pole number, and per 2 the polarity teeth of motor rely closely, difference respective rotor adjacent pole, per 2 adjacent polarity tooth correspondences are when one group of line bag, and the drive circuit number of motor is that 3(is that IC1~IC3), the operational effect of motor is equivalent to 3 teeth, 4 magnetic pole motors;
Figure 24 is that polarity tooth row cloth and the motor of motor switches the work schematic diagram of moment, stator polarity tooth P1, P2 share a line and hold group and common drive IC circuit 1, by the control of coiling processing procedure, stator polarity tooth P1 is just opposite with the polarity of stator polarity tooth P2 output; Stator polarity tooth P3, P4 share a line and hold group and common drive IC circuit 2, and stator polarity tooth P5, P6 share a line and hold group and common drive IC circuit 3; By shown in Figure 24: the mid point of shown position stator polarity tooth P1, P2 and rotor magnetic pole R1, R2 mid point are corresponding, stator polarity tooth P1, P2 are in switching condition, the radial load of stator polarity tooth P1, P2 and rotor magnetic pole R1, R2 effect is respectively maximum but circumferential component and is zero at this moment, the moment of torsion of stator polarity tooth P1, P2 output is zero, and all the other stator polarity teeth are in working condition and the running of output torque CD-ROM drive motor;
When rotor turns over 15 °, just the mid point with rotor magnetic pole R6, R7 is corresponding for the mid point of stator polarity tooth P5, P6, stator polarity tooth P5, P6 switch, stator polarity tooth P5, P6 output torque are zero, and all the other stator polarity teeth are in working condition and output torque CD-ROM drive motor not to be had to pause and remain in operation;
When rotor turns over 30 °, just the mid point with rotor magnetic pole R3, R4 is corresponding for the mid point of stator polarity tooth P3, P4, stator polarity tooth P3, P4 switch, stator polarity tooth P3, P4 output torque are zero, and all the other stator polarity teeth are in working condition and output torque CD-ROM drive motor not to be had to pause and remain in operation;
When rotor turned over 45 °, the mid point of stator polarity tooth P1, P2 was just corresponding with the mid point of rotor magnetic pole R8, R1 and begin polarity and switch, circulation according to this, and motor does not have the running continuously that pauses.
Figure 25 is the output torque phase place schematic diagram of stator polarity tooth 1,2, Figure 26 is the output torque phase place schematic diagram of stator polarity tooth P3, P4, Figure 27 is the output torque phase place schematic diagram of stator polarity tooth P5, P6, Figure 28 is the synthetic output torque phase place schematic diagram of motor, as can be seen from the figure, the minimal torque of motor output torque is always greater than zero and near average torque, the moment of torsion amplitude ratio is little, motor operation does not have the dead angle, startability is good, the motor electromagnetism switches the vibration that causes and reduces, and noise reduces.
By above-mentioned four kinds of embodiment as can be known, aforementioned rotor magnetic pole number is a, and this a magnetic pole is evenly distributed on the circumference of rotor, and the shared circumference angle of the single magnetic pole of rotor is 360 °/a; Stator former polarity tooth number is b, and b<a, each stator polarity tooth is evenly distributed on the circumference, the phase angle of adjacent stators polarity between cog is 360 °/b, the single polarity tooth of stator and the single magnetic pole of rotor take up space and are 360 °/a, like this, during each stator polarity tooth work, at most with two magnetic pole effects; The effect magnetic pole is with consistent with the torque direction of stator polarity tooth magnetic force generation, and stator polarity tooth can be exported peak torque; And, between stator polarity tooth, leaving the stator slot space of 360 °/b-360 °/a, stator winding is extremely convenient, can improve the efficient of motor easily by increasing stator polarity number of teeth amount in the practical application, and not increase the motor cost; The common divisor that rotor magnetic pole is counted a and stator polarity number of teeth b is c, minimum common divisor is c=1, greatest common divisor is c=d, and d<b, every c stator tooth is formed one group of line bag, drive circuit of every group of line bag configuration, and then motor has b/c drive circuit, motor is up to b drive circuit, and the motor minimum has b/d drive circuit; Each drive circuit is worked simultaneously, total d stator polarity tooth switching with carrying out polarity in a flash, after one stator polarity tooth carries out the polarity switching, must be through the switching of b/d-1 other different stator polarity teeth, returning this stator polarity tooth carries out switching the second time, circulate with this, each stator polarity tooth and rotor magnetic pole interact, and each exports a moment of torsion, these all stator polarity tooth moment of torsion stack backs form the moment of torsion of motor, greater than zero, the motor minimal torque is near average torque always for motor torsional moment, and the moment of torsion amplitude ratio is little, motor operation does not have the dead angle, startability is good, and the vibration of motor reduces, and noise reduces.
The greatest common divisor of counting a when stator polarity number of teeth b and rotor magnetic pole equals 1(to be seen shown in above-mentioned first kind of embodiment), each stator polarity tooth is wound with a line and holds group, each line holds assembly and puts a drive circuit, after the first stator polarity tooth switches, every through 360 °/b/a phase place, there is a different stator polarity tooth to switch, after b switching, rotor returns the first stator polarity tooth and carries out every secondary switching through 180 °/a, and the rest may be inferred, get back to and the first stator polarity tooth switching position through first magnetic pole after the week, each stator polarity tooth and each magnetic pole all switch once, and each all inner motor switches for total a*b time, because the switching phase place difference of each stator polarity tooth, so the numerical value of b is more big, moment of torsion is more steady, and the moment of torsion amplitude ratio is more little, and the stability of motor is more good.
The greatest common divisor of counting a when stator polarity number of teeth b and rotor magnetic pole is that 2(sees shown in above-mentioned second kind of embodiment), each stator polarity tooth has a line and holds when organizing, total b drive circuit, when corresponding the 1st magnetic pole of its 1st stator polarity tooth switches, corresponding a/2+1 the magnetic pole of b/2+1 stator polarity tooth on the 1st stator polarity tooth opposite switches simultaneously, this is formed one group of stator polarity tooth group to stator polarity tooth, share a line and hold group, share a drive circuit, the rest may be inferred, form b/2 stator polarity tooth group, dispose b/2 drive circuit, and no matter this motor adopts b drive circuit works still is b/2 drive circuit works, torque and the phase place of each stator polarity tooth output are all identical, and the motor operation effect is identical; When adopting b/2 drive circuit works the few son of drive circuit half; And owing to be to carry out at a pair of stator polarity between cog that differs 180 ° during each the switching, its radial load is just cancelled out each other, so do not have radial impact power when switching at every turn, the stability of motor is better.
Count a when stator polarity number of teeth b and rotor magnetic pole a plurality of common divisors (seeing shown in above-mentioned the third embodiment) are arranged, each stator polarity tooth has a line and holds when organizing, total b drive circuit, when corresponding the 1st magnetic pole of its 1st stator polarity tooth switches, the b/d+1 that is uniformly distributed along the circumference, 2b/d+1 ... (d-1) total d the stator polarity tooth of * b/d+1 and the 1st stator polarity tooth switches simultaneously, this d stator polarity tooth that switches simultaneously formed one group of stator polarity tooth group, share a line and hold group, share a drive circuit, the rest may be inferred, form b/d stator polarity tooth group altogether, dispose b/d drive circuit; Perhaps, c the stator polarity tooth that is uniformly distributed along the circumference formed one group be divided into into b/c group stator polarity tooth group, dispose b/c drive circuit, and, no matter this motor is that b drive circuit works or b/c drive circuit are worked simultaneously, torque and the phase place of each stator polarity tooth output are all identical, and the motor operation effect is identical; Drive circuit reduces when adopting b/c drive circuit works, and when c=d, drive circuit is minimum; And all have when switching at every turn d along the circumferential direction uniform stator polarity tooth act on simultaneously, its resultant radial force is zero, so do not have radial impact power when switching at every turn, the stability of motor is better.
Count a when stator polarity number of teeth b and rotor magnetic pole common divisor c is arranged, a stator polarity tooth group is formed in the design that also c stator polarity tooth can be relied closely together, each stator polarity tooth group is evenly distributed on circumferencial direction, and d/c group stator polarity tooth group shares a line and holds group (seeing shown in above-mentioned the 4th kind of embodiment).
Design focal point of the present invention is, main system is few by design stator polarity gear ratio rotor magnetic pole number, use a plurality of drive circuits to control different stator polarity teeth, when each or every group of stator polarity tooth switch, remaining stator polarity tooth is in the operating state of non-switching, the moment of torsion that all stator polarity teeth and rotor magnetic pole effect produce is staggered in phase place, their stacks form the moment of torsion of motor, greater than zero, the motor minimal torque is near average torque always for motor torsional moment, and the moment of torsion amplitude ratio is little, motor operation does not have the dead angle, startability is good, and the vibration of motor reduces, and noise reduces; Simultaneously, the motor of this kind structure, it is little that its cost is low, institute takes up space, and can require to provide suitable motor according to the difference to balance under the different situations.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not that technical scope of the present invention is imposed any restrictions, thus every foundation technical spirit of the present invention to above embodiment do any trickle
Modification, equivalent variations and modification all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.