CN102162783B - Mass-classification-based device and method for measuring yarn capillary pore radius distribution - Google Patents
Mass-classification-based device and method for measuring yarn capillary pore radius distribution Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102162783B CN102162783B CN201010513290.1A CN201010513290A CN102162783B CN 102162783 B CN102162783 B CN 102162783B CN 201010513290 A CN201010513290 A CN 201010513290A CN 102162783 B CN102162783 B CN 102162783B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- yarn
- liquid
- template
- test strip
- small test
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M methyl orange Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229940012189 methyl orange Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003447 ipsilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001364 upper extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003079 width control Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a mass-classification-based device and method for measuring yarn capillary pore radius distribution. The distortion caused by pressurization or vacuumization in the size measurement on flexible yarn pores by a conventional capillary measurement method can be avoided; aiming at the flexibility and thin and complex structure of the yarn, a framework suspending device and a multi-template combination cutting plate are designed to carry out bonding, cutting and measurement on each section of liquid-containing yarn, hundreds of yarn can be measured at one time, and error is reduced. According to the invention, an equation about the relationship between height and pore radius is set up according to capillary pressure and weight balance principle, liquid-containing amount difference subtraction is carried out on yarn classification of adjacent heights from low to high sequentially when wicking is balanced, and the liquid-containing amount of the corresponding size pore in the yarn classification with lower height is obtained; data is calculated according to the disclosed percentage formula of the yarn classification liquid-containing amount, and a pore radius distribution column diagram, a curve diagram and a cumulative diagram are drawn; and the method and the device are simple to operate, have high accuracy and good data repeatability, and the problem of quantitative measurement of yarn pore radius distribution is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of assay method of yarn capillary pore diameter distribution.
Background technology
The wetting state of fabric is all vital for its wet processing and hot wet migration.As the pore aggregate of both ends open, partial order, the wetting state of fabric usually and its pore distribute closely related, because no matter be wet process or take in process, transporting of moisture, organic solvent and sweat is all mainly carried out in pore, and the processes such as the absorption wherein related to, diffusion, infiltration, evaporation all depend on the structure (shape, roughness, size, distribution etc.) of pore.In view of the complicacy of fabric construction, the method measuring wetting property of the fabric is for a long time all compared with the tolerance on pore more large scale, mainly comprise: capillary wicking method, sessile drop method, sedimentation etc., due to could not with the capillary structure direct correlation of fabric, the essence and the further quantification that constrain further investigation fabric wetting behavior measure.All by formulae discovery fabric capillary radius according to geometry of deth parameter both at home and abroad, or be reduced to average pore size and process that is maximum, minimum-value aperture, be difficult to the difference meeting the wetting behavior that the numerous and complicated fabric construction of quantitatively characterizing kind causes, constrain the control to the performance such as dyeing, Final finishing the processing technology even hot wet migration of fabric.200910194353.9) but also do not see so far about measuring along the report of yam axis capillary pore size distribution Qi Hongjin etc. have declared the patent of invention (application number: of the pore diameter distribution method of testing along textile plane based on quality grading method.As everyone knows, yarn is greatly different from the configuration of fabric, and yarn is the chief component of fabric, and the pore structure of yarn determines the pore structure of fabric to a great extent.But our research finds, the pore diameter distribution of fabric and be not equal to yarn pore diameter distribution simply add and.Therefore measure yarn micron order string holes structure to understand in depth fabric pore structure accurately control wet processing further and fiber heat moisture performance necessary.Although the quality grading method that the present invention proposes principle and the application number in earlier stage proposed measured along yam axis capillary pore size distribution be 200910194353.9 fabric pore size measure of spread substantially identical, but it is due to special wire configuration and the less size of yarn, obviously different with device to the assay method of yarn based on this principle.And, computing formula is subtracted to difference and improves, propose new liquid content percentage computing formula
improve calculating and measuring accuracy.Invention describes quality grading principle and propose emphatically a kind of new assay method and devise corresponding new equipment, histogram, the differential curve figure of the cotton capillary pore diameter distribution that different fractions number can be adopted to measure.This not obtains according to geometry calculation, but by capillary rise measurement obtain directly and the yarn even pore diameter distribution that associates of fabric wetting behavior.According to this two class figure, precision and the reappearance of comparison yarns line pore diameter distribution and data can be analyzed quantitatively.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of quality grading method that adopts to the electric measuring method of the yarn capillary pore diameter distribution of flexibility, and quick, easy and Accurate Determining is along the distribution in textile plane capillary aperture.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention proposes a kind of apparatus and method measuring yarn capillary pore diameter distribution based on quality grading method.
Its device comprises: yarn hangs rectangular frame device, liquid tank and yarn cutting plate, wherein:
Rectangular frame device carries out wicking for hanging yarn, this device is made up of upper and lower two Rectangular Rigid Plate and four support posts, two plates there are many parallel penetrating grooves, well width is greater than yarn diameter, the spacing of groove is tried one's best closely but capillary action can not occur, and the length of groove and number need to determine according to measuring, and groove is more, longer, the yarn count hung is more, and the liquid content DATA REASONING precision that obtains of averaging is higher; Liquid tank is placed in immediately below rectangle yarn frame hanging device, for accepting the yarn of pendency, makes it to immerse in liquid;
Yarn cutting plate is used for each section of cutting containing liquid yarn as statistics fraction, and cutting plate is made up of liner plate and template, and liner plate is Rectangular Rigid Plate, and its length is greater than the limit lifting height of liquid in yarn, and its width is equal to or greater than the length of template; Template is Rectangular Rigid Plate, be fixed on side by side above liner plate, its length direction is vertical with the length direction of liner plate, namely template width needs the length of each section of yarn cut, template width d is multiplied by the limit lifting height h that template number n just equals liquid in yarn, width d is larger, and the yarn count once sticked is more.Template number is exactly the level mark of quality grading, between template, gap width is 0.01-0.5 millimeter, only cutter can be held or wave beam puts in cutting, the length of cutting plate is greater than the limit lifting height of liquid in yarn, width is determined according to the yarn radical that will cut, the yarn once cut is more, and cutting plate width is larger;
The assay method of quality grading method to yarn capillary pore diameter distribution is adopted to comprise:
A. prepare the yarn for measuring, this yarn can be made up of natural and/or man-made fiber, is split out by yarn by fabric, carries out pre-treatment according to material difference, and removed by dirt on yarn with washing agent and/or organic solvent, rinsing, drying is for subsequent use;
B. prepare the liquid for measuring, comprise all liquid wetting to yarn, namely the contact angle of liquid to yarn is less than 90 degree;
C. limit capillary rise height and time of repose is observed, in order to determine the level mark cut.Liquid is added and does not produce the Inert dyes such as the methyl orange of adsorbing and react with fiber, yarn is mounted on suspender, print keeps stretching with vertical, correct under it and imbed liquid level, be placed on 10-60 DEG C, relative humidity is in the atmospheric constant temperature and humidity of 5-100% and 0.7-1.2 and gas-pressure ring border, leave standstill until liquid level no longer rises in yarn;
D. yarn is hung with rectangular frame device, 10-300 one thread is fixed in upper plate groove, then through the groove of base plate, every root lower end is fastened a little weight and is immersed in liquid, keep vertical suspention not with trench contact, retain one section of 1-2cm interval between base plate and liquid level, this is that yarn is swum district;
E. device is put into 10-60 DEG C, relative humidity is the atmospheric constant temperature and humidity of 5-100% and 0.7-1.2 and gas-pressure ring border, leave standstill and reach the time described in c, can determine that in yarn, liquid level no longer rises, can cut;
F. under the constant temperature and humidity and air pressure conditions of step f, by cutting plate near depend one group of yarn that will cut, each template posts double faced adhesive tape, the one group of yarn mated with cutting plate by width is pasted onto in each and every one template, and the lower end sticked by yarn with pocket knife and upper end are cut off, and first cut upper end and cut off end again, move cutting plate again and organize yarn near another, carry out pasting and cutting, successively operate equally, until by complete for all suspension yarn cuttings;
G. along gap between cutting plate each template, yarn is slit into n segment, obtains weight in wet base by respectively weighing respectively together with template and double faced adhesive tape containing liquid section yarn, being placed under the constant temperature and humidity condition of step f after dry removing liquid and reaching balance, then weigh and obtain dry weight;
H. the yarn fraction of gained, small test strip sequence number increases progressively from the bottom up, and n+1 small test strip, by the weight in wet base of each small test strip is deducted dry weight, obtains liquid weight contained by small test strip and be respectively m altogether
1, m
2... m
n, m
n+1, the new formula proposed by the present invention
carry out data processing, obtain amount of liquid in each section of yarn fraction endoporus and account for the number percent C of the total liquid content of whole print
n, m in formula
n, m
n+1be respectively the liquid content of below and top small test strip in adjacent two sections of small test strip; Liquid tank is placed in immediately below rectangle yarn frame hanging device, for accepting the yarn of pendency, makes it to immerse in liquid;
Yarn cutting plate is used for each section of cutting containing liquid yarn as statistics fraction, and cutting plate is made up of liner plate and template, and liner plate is Rectangular Rigid Plate, and its length is greater than the limit lifting height of liquid in yarn, and its width is equal to or greater than the length of template;
Template is Rectangular Rigid Plate, be fixed on side by side above liner plate, its length direction is vertical with the length direction of liner plate, namely template width needs the length of each section of yarn cut, template width d is multiplied by the limit lifting height h that template number n just equals liquid in yarn, width d is larger, and the yarn count once sticked is more.Template number is exactly the level mark of quality grading, between template, gap width is 0.01-0.5 millimeter, only cutter can be held or wave beam puts in cutting, the length of cutting plate is greater than the limit lifting height of liquid in yarn, width is determined according to the yarn radical that will cut, the yarn once cut is more, and cutting plate width is larger;
The assay method of quality grading method to yarn capillary pore diameter distribution is adopted to comprise:
A. prepare the yarn for measuring, this yarn can be made up of natural and/or man-made fiber, is split out by yarn by fabric, carries out pre-treatment according to material difference, and removed by dirt on yarn with washing agent and/or organic solvent, rinsing, drying is for subsequent use;
B. prepare the liquid for measuring, comprise all liquid wetting to yarn, namely the contact angle of liquid to yarn is less than 90 degree;
C. limit capillary rise height and time of repose is observed, in order to determine the level mark cut.Liquid is added and does not produce the Inert dyes such as the methyl orange of adsorbing and react with fiber, yarn is mounted on suspender, print keeps stretching with vertical, correct under it and imbed liquid level, be placed on 10-60 DEG C, relative humidity is in the atmospheric constant temperature and humidity of 5-100% and 0.7-1.2 and gas-pressure ring border, leave standstill until liquid level no longer rises in yarn;
D. yarn is hung with rectangular frame device, 10-300 one thread is fixed in upper plate groove, then through the groove of base plate, every root lower end is fastened a little weight and is immersed in liquid, keep vertical suspention not with trench contact, retain one section of 1-2cm interval between base plate and liquid level, this is that yarn is swum district;
E. device is put into 10-60 DEG C, relative humidity is the atmospheric constant temperature and humidity of 5-100% and 0.7-1.2 and gas-pressure ring border, leave standstill and reach the time described in c, can determine that in yarn, liquid level no longer rises, can cut;
F. under the constant temperature and humidity and air pressure conditions of step f, by cutting plate near depend one group of yarn that will cut, each template posts double faced adhesive tape, the one group of yarn mated with cutting plate by width is pasted onto in each and every one template, and the lower end sticked by yarn with pocket knife and upper end are cut off, and first cut upper end and cut off end again, move cutting plate again and organize yarn near another, carry out pasting and cutting, successively operate equally, until by complete for all suspension yarn cuttings;
G. along gap between cutting plate each template, yarn is slit into n segment, obtains weight in wet base by respectively weighing respectively together with template and double faced adhesive tape containing liquid section yarn, being placed under the constant temperature and humidity condition of step f after dry removing liquid and reaching balance, then weigh and obtain dry weight;
H. the yarn fraction of gained, small test strip sequence number increases progressively from the bottom up, and n+1 small test strip, by the weight in wet base of each small test strip is deducted dry weight, obtains liquid weight contained by small test strip and be respectively m altogether
1, m
2... m
n, m
n+1, the new formula proposed by the present invention
carry out data processing, obtain amount of liquid in each section of yarn fraction endoporus and account for the number percent C of the total liquid content of whole print
n, m in formula
n, m
n+1be respectively the liquid content of below and top small test strip in adjacent two sections of small test strip;
I. the relational expression between aperture and small test strip respective heights is set up
obtain respective heights small test strip containing liquids
The radius R in hole j., in formula, γ, θ, ρ, h and g are respectively surface tension of liquid, contact angle, density, each small test strip at the height hung in print and acceleration of gravity.
K. according to the cloth specimen differing heights that the data processed result of step f draws
Small test strip liquid content number percent Cn, in integrating step i, formula tries to achieve the corresponding aperture in test corresponding height little bar containing liquids hole again, the two obtains the capillary aperture distribution histogram that print by volume calculates to paintings figure, and obtains curve map and the cumulative chart of aperture continuous distribution further;
L. according to above-mentioned each group of weighted data C
nwith the pore radius data of correspondence, pass through weighted average formula
calculate the average pore size of print.
Wherein, should select according to accuracy requirement for the radical of the yarn measured in step a, be generally 10-2000 root, also can be more.In step f, cutting method is machinery, chemistry, electric heating, photochemistry, galvanochemistry, laser, electromagnetic wave and beam-plasma method.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention the traditional mercury platen press being applicable to rigid material of non-used and gas adsorption method, but for the very thin yarn of flexibility, by the pore diameter distribution directly associated with liquid wetting behavior that capillary rise measurement obtains, obtain the histogram of the capillary pore size distribution of yarn, differential curve and summation curve, the flexible space caused due to pressurization or vacuum in mensuration process can be avoided to be out of shape and result distortion, thus the micrometer grade hole structure of different structure and material yarn can be contrasted according to result Correct Analysis, also according to these data analyses and bafta institutional framework and pore diameter distribution can be controlled, accurately control the wet processing of fabric and hot wet migration further.In addition, the difference of capillary liquid when can also add the physiological activity such as man-hour or perspire campaign according to wetting, difference characterizes yarn pore diameter distribution characteristic and figure.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is that yarn hangs rectangular frame device schematic diagram
Fig. 2 cutting plate schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that two groups 25 30 cotton yarn 1# samples data measured in distilled water is averaged the capillary aperture distribution histogram and curve map that obtain;
Fig. 4 is that two groups 100 30 cotton yarn 2# samples data measured in distilled water is averaged the capillary aperture distribution histogram and curve map that obtain;
Embodiment
Elaborate to embodiments of the invention below, the present embodiment is implemented under technical solution of the present invention prerequisite, gives detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but the embodiment that protection scope of the present invention does not limit what following.
The present invention proposes a kind of quality grading method and coalignment measures yarn capillary pore diameter distribution, and its device comprises: yarn hangs rectangular frame device, liquid tank and yarn cutting plate, wherein:
Rectangular frame device carries out wicking for hanging yarn, this device is made up of upper and lower two Rectangular Rigid Plate and four support posts, two plates there are many parallel penetrating grooves, well width is greater than yarn diameter, the spacing of groove is tried one's best closely but capillary action can not occur, and the length of groove and number need to determine according to measuring, and groove is more, longer, the yarn count hung is more, and the liquid content DATA REASONING precision that obtains of averaging is higher;
Liquid tank is placed in immediately below rectangle yarn frame hanging device, for accepting the yarn of pendency, makes it to immerse in liquid; Yarn cutting plate is used for each section of cutting containing liquid yarn as statistics fraction.Cutting plate is made up of liner plate and template, and liner plate is Rectangular Rigid Plate, and its length is greater than the limit lifting height of liquid in yarn, and its width is equal to or greater than the length of template;
Template is Rectangular Rigid Plate, be fixed on side by side above liner plate, its length direction is vertical with the length direction of liner plate, namely template width needs the length of each section of yarn cut, template width d is multiplied by the limit lifting height h that template number n just equals liquid in yarn, width d is larger, and the yarn count once sticked is more.Template number is exactly the level mark of quality grading, between template, gap width is 0.01-0.5 millimeter, only cutter can be held or wave beam puts in cutting, the length of cutting plate is greater than the limit lifting height of liquid in yarn, width is determined according to the yarn radical that will cut, the yarn once cut is more, and cutting plate width is larger.
The assay method of quality grading method to yarn capillary pore diameter distribution is adopted to comprise:
A. prepare the yarn for measuring, this yarn can be made up of natural and/or man-made fiber, is split out by yarn by fabric, carries out pre-treatment according to material difference, and removed by dirt on yarn with washing agent and/or organic solvent, rinsing, drying is for subsequent use;
B. prepare the liquid for measuring, comprise all liquid wetting to yarn, namely the contact angle of liquid to yarn is less than 90 degree;
C. limit capillary rise height and time of repose is observed, in order to determine the level mark cut.Liquid is added and does not produce the Inert dyes such as the methyl orange of adsorbing and react with fiber, yarn is mounted on suspender, print keeps stretching with vertical, correct under it and imbed liquid level, be placed on 10-60 DEG C, relative humidity is in the atmospheric constant temperature and humidity of 5-100% and 0.7-1.2 and gas-pressure ring border, leave standstill until liquid level no longer rises in yarn;
D. yarn is hung with rectangular frame device, 10-200 one thread is fixed in upper plate groove, then through the groove of base plate, every root lower end is fastened a little weight and is immersed in liquid, keep vertical suspention not with trench contact, retain one section of 1-2cm interval between base plate and liquid level, this is that yarn swims district, do not weigh and count yarn hole dimension;
E. device is put into 10-60 DEG C, relative humidity is the atmospheric constant temperature and humidity of 5-100% and 0.7-1.2 and gas-pressure ring border, leave standstill and reach the time described in c, can determine that in yarn, liquid level no longer rises, can cut;
F. under the constant temperature and humidity and air pressure conditions of step f, by cutting plate near depend one group of yarn that will cut, each template posts double faced adhesive tape, the one group of yarn mated with cutting plate by width is pasted onto in each and every one template, and the lower end sticked by yarn with pocket knife and upper end are cut off, and first cut off end and cut upper end again, move cutting plate again and organize yarn near another, carry out pasting and cutting, successively operate equally, until by complete for all suspension yarn cuttings;
G. along gap between cutting plate each template, yarn is slit into n segment, every section of template bonds all yarns of corresponding measure wicking height, weight in wet base is obtained by respectively weighing respectively together with template and double faced adhesive tape containing liquid section yarn, be placed under the constant temperature and humidity condition of step f after dry removing liquid and reach balance, then weigh and obtain dry weight;
H. the yarn fraction of gained, small test strip sequence number increases progressively from the bottom up, and n+1 small test strip, by the weight in wet base of each small test strip is deducted dry weight, obtains liquid weight contained by small test strip and be respectively m altogether
1, m
2... m
n, m
n+1, the new formula proposed by the present invention
carry out data processing, obtain amount of liquid in each section of yarn fraction endoporus and account for the number percent C of the total liquid content of whole print
n, m in formula
n, m
n+1be respectively the liquid content of below and top small test strip in adjacent two sections of small test strip;
Transposition then can obtain the quantitative relation formula (4) that the present invention measures foundation:
In formula: R is kapillary equivalent redius (m); ρ is test fluid density (kg/m3); G is liquid gravity acceleration (N/kg); H is the vertical lifting height (m) of fabric; γ is the interfacial tension (N/m) of liquid-gas; θ is fabric and test fluid contact angle (°).Obtain respectively measuring on the right of formula by measuring or tabling look-up, just can calculate the capillary radius of respective heights.
Along vertical hanging direction, the rising rule in cylindrical capillary hole is obeyed in wicking behavior due to yarn, we the space in yarn can be regarded as a large amount of radius different, the combination in parallel cylindrical capillary hole, be referred to as equivalent pore, and the capillary effect of yarn is exactly entirety and macroscopic behavior that in these pores, moisture raises.Therefore, the yarn thing of different tissues structure, no matter how complicated its structure is, and its pore cluster can be converted to equivalent pore, and then under unified standard, carry out quantitative and comparison that is trickleer aspect to its capillary effect.Because yarn texture is uniform in the axial direction, being distributed in of these different radii holes fabric arbitrary height is all identical, so be all identical in the ratio of any height various aperture pore.But when the rising of yarn capillary reaches thermodynamic equilibrium, contained by the inside, liquid is different.From (1) and (4) formula, aperture is less, and Laplace pressure is larger, and gravity is constant, and in hole, moisture rises higher.So height lower in sample of yarn, all contain liquid in gross porosity, mesopore and pore, higher position then only has mesopore and pore containing liquid, and higher height, then only have pore moisture.The present invention utilizes water cut in this different radii hole with the change of height just, by the difference of the liquid content of the small test strip of the horizontal clip of adjacent two pieces of differing heights, obtains the quality compared with liquid in coarse wool pore in one piece of small test strip below.Obviously, below in small test strip liquid content equal above small test strip comparatively in pore liquid content to add in the small test strip of top and bottom comparatively liquid content in coarse wool pore, because affirming compared with the liquid in pore of small test strip above can be reached also can reach small test strip below, so deduct with small test strip liquid content the following the quality that small test strip water cut above just can obtain contained liquid in all pores that can reach below corresponding to small test strip height.Subtracted by the liquid content difference of carrying out successively from down to up, just can obtain the liquid content in the relevant radii pore of each respective heights.Because quality equals the product of volume and density, so press formula
the pore diameter distribution calculated is the distribution that pore by volume calculates.Certainly, the small test strip of each height has one fixed width, the mean value in corresponding is a narrower pore diameter range, also the i.e. width of each post in histogram.When small test strip narrow reach capacity time, width is condensed to a bit, and histogram is converted into continually varying curve map.Theoretically, small test strip should be made in experiment as far as possible narrow, the distribution plan of more refinement can be obtained, but bring the error of weighing to increase thereupon.Contrast by experiment, the present invention according to the different requirements of measuring accuracy, generally by width control system at 0.5 ~ 6 centimetre.
Although wetting in yarn in pore is a complex process, comprise the transporting of laminar fluid, spread, adsorb, the change of surface energy (Gu Gu liquid/vapour, liquid/and vapour /), contact angle by dynamic change to static state etc., but capillary rising limiting altitude is the net result of various effect.When reaching thermodynamic equilibrium, namely reach capacity height time, its kinetic factor just no longer has an impact, and for same fabric/liquid system, its pore diameter distribution is exactly monodrome.
According to formula (4), capillary rises with after Action of Gravity Field reaches balance, and in fabric, arbitrary height h has a corresponding capillary aperture R, and the liquid be less than or equal in the pore in this aperture all can reach this height.And for height interval different in yarn (namely in this experiment successively the width of a series of little small test strip cut of level), the mean value Ra (i.e. the radius mean value of small test strip upper limb and lower marginal pore) of an all corresponding pore radius and corresponding liquid content.When small test strip narrowed width, its average pore size is tending towards the aperture value that a ultimate value is reduced to respective heights.But small test strip width is too narrow, the relative error of cutting the little bar of yarn and weighing can be caused to increase, so generally adopt the small test strip of 0.5 ~ 6cm through preliminary experiment the present invention, the small test strip width adopted for same experiment sustained height should be identical, but the little bar of experiment adopted for same experiment differing heights can be the same or different, because more eminence, liquid content is fewer, and little bar is longer, can reduce the error of weighing for same balance.For every two adjacent small test strip, due to highly different, in two small test strip, amount of liquid is different, more in the small test strip of below.First weight in wet base moisture for each small test strip is deducted small test strip dry weight, obtain water cut, again the water cut difference of every adjacent two small test strip is subtracted, can obtain in the small test strip of below corresponding to the liquid content in coarse wool pore, in this print also namely represented with weight, respective heights contains the quantity of the most gross porosity of liquid.The all corresponding pore radius average of the every block small test strip cut successively from bottom to top and liquid content in this hole, this value and the whole yarn total liquid content number percent i.e. percentage by weight in the hole that this aperture is corresponding, the new formula proposed by the present invention (5) represents
C in formula
nfor in the hole of small test strip, liquid accounts for the number percent of total liquid content, m
n+1, m
nbe respectively the liquid content of below and top small test strip in adjacent two sections of small test strip.The micropore mean radius of yarn then can utilize formula (1-6) to be obtained by each small test strip aperture weighted sum:
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is that yarn hangs rectangular frame device schematic diagram and cutting plate schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is respectively pore diameter distribution histogram and the curve map of sample 1# and 2#.1# is that two groups of 25 30 cotton yarns data measured in distilled water is averaged and obtained histogram and curve map, 2# is that two groups of 100 30 cotton yarns data measured in distilled water is averaged and obtained histogram and curve map, be all liquid content in pore in the little small test strip of each classification by plaques difference calculate number percent obtain, curve map is the continuous curve utilizing graphic differentiation matching to obtain on histogram basis, the two is all normalized, can obtain hole number percent corresponding to different pore size in varying degrees.These two kinds figure not obtain according to geometry calculation, but by the pore diameter distribution directly associated with fabric wetting behavior that capillary rise measurement obtains.They never ipsilateral reflect the pore diameter distribution feature of fabric sample.
From graphic correlation, the figure that yarn radical difference obtains is similar on the whole, and be all along with aperture increases, boring ratio example is first sharply reduced by second largest value, more slightly increases, more slightly reduces, and is finally sharply increased to maximal value.Illustrate that this method can the micrometer grade hole structure of quantitatively characterizing yarn, can for controlling its wettability and wet processing provides believable basic data.But the fine degree of the different figure of radical is different, and the histogram of 1# only has 6 posts i.e. ratio of 6 hole dimensions, and the histogram of 2# then has 9 posts i.e. ratio of 9 hole dimensions, obviously the fine degree of the radical increase figure of experiment yarn increases.The pore diameter range of 1# figure is 159-478 μm, and the pore diameter range of 2# figure is 114-478 μm, the radical increase of illustrative experiment yarn makes the pore diameter range of test also increase, and show the extension of aperture scope, this is because under the prerequisite determined at accuracy of balance, yarn increase cause higher height yarn containing liquid total amount increase, can be recorded by balance.
The relative deviation that every two groups of samples record liquid content is also different, and 1# is less than 10%, 2# and is less than 5%, illustrates that the method reappearance is totally better, and along with radical and the increase of group number of experiment yarn, reappearance also increases.
This enforcement only gives the example of part embody rule, but for the patent personnel being engaged in yarn Estimation of Pore Size, also can design the modified product of various ways according to above enlightenment, this is still considered to be covered by among the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. measure a device for yarn capillary pore size distribution based on quality grading method, it is characterized in that, comprise yarn and hang rectangular frame device, the yarn cutting plate of liquid tank and liner plate, template composition and special bonding cutting operation and data processing; Its device comprises the following:
(1) soft yarns, lightweight, then on average just accurate data must can be obtained to a large amount of yarn image data, the present invention adopts yarn to hang rectangular frame device, liquid tank and yarn cutting plate are convenient to implement precise cutting, rectangular frame device is typically and is made up of upper and lower two Rectangular Rigid Plate and four support posts, two plates there are many parallel penetrating grooves, well width is greater than yarn diameter, the spacing of groove is tried one's best closely but capillary action can not occur, and the length of groove and number need to determine according to measuring;
(2) yarn cutting plate is used for the cutting of differing heights containing liquid yarn; Cutting plate is made up of liner plate and template, and liner plate is Rectangular Rigid Plate, and its length is greater than the limit lifting height of liquid in yarn, and its width is equal to or greater than the length of template; Template is Rectangular Rigid Plate, be fixed on side by side above liner plate, its length direction is vertical with the length direction of liner plate, namely template width needs the length of each section of yarn cut, template width d is multiplied by the limit lifting height h that template number n just equals liquid in yarn, and template number is exactly the level mark of quality grading, and between template, gap width is 0.01-0.5 millimeter, only can hold cutter or wave beam puts in cutting, liner plate is for relying on template;
(3) committed step of test is cut into, because yarn is light and soft, must subtract method sampling by adhered by double sided plaster-cutting-difference and calculate, each template posts double faced adhesive tape, and the one group of yarn mated with cutting plate by width be pasted onto in template, the lower end sticked by yarn with pocket knife and upper end are cut off, first cut off end and cut upper end again, then move cutting plate and organize yarn near another, carry out pasting and cutting, successively operate equally, until by complete for all suspension yarn cuttings;
(4) along gap between cutting plate each template, yarn is slit into n segment, weight in wet base is obtained by respectively weighing respectively together with template and double faced adhesive tape containing liquid section yarn, be placed under the constant temperature and humidity condition of step f after dry removing liquid and reach balance, then weigh and obtain dry weight.
2. measure the method for yarn capillary pore size distribution based on quality grading method for one kind
(1) each fraction of the yarn of gained, small test strip sequence number increases progressively from the bottom up, and n+1 small test strip, by the weight in wet base of each small test strip is deducted dry weight, obtains liquid weight contained by small test strip and be respectively m altogether
1, m
2... m
n, m
n+1, the new formula proposed by the present invention
carry out data processing, obtain amount of liquid in each section of yarn fraction endoporus and account for the number percent C of the total liquid content of whole print
n, m in formula
n, m
n+1be respectively the liquid content of below and top small test strip in adjacent two sections of small test strip;
(2) according to the relational expression between aperture and small test strip respective heights
obtain the radius R in the hole of respective heights small test strip containing liquids, in formula, γ, θ, ρ, h and g are respectively surface tension of liquid, contact angle, density, each small test strip at the height hung in print and acceleration of gravity;
(3) according to the cloth specimen differing heights small test strip liquid content number percent Cn that the data processed result of step (1) draws, in integrating step (2), formula tries to achieve the corresponding aperture in test corresponding height little bar containing liquids hole again, the two is to paintings figure, obtain the capillary aperture distribution histogram that print by volume calculates, and obtain curve map and the cumulative chart of aperture continuous distribution further;
(4) according to above-mentioned each group of weighted data C
nwith the pore radius data of correspondence, pass through weighted average formula
calculate the average pore size of print;
Wherein, should select according to accuracy requirement for the radical of the yarn measured in step a, be generally 10-2000 root, also can be more; In step f, cutting method is machinery, chemistry, electric heating, photochemistry, galvanochemistry, laser, electromagnetic wave and beam-plasma method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010513290.1A CN102162783B (en) | 2010-10-20 | 2010-10-20 | Mass-classification-based device and method for measuring yarn capillary pore radius distribution |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010513290.1A CN102162783B (en) | 2010-10-20 | 2010-10-20 | Mass-classification-based device and method for measuring yarn capillary pore radius distribution |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102162783A CN102162783A (en) | 2011-08-24 |
| CN102162783B true CN102162783B (en) | 2014-12-24 |
Family
ID=44464122
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010513290.1A Expired - Fee Related CN102162783B (en) | 2010-10-20 | 2010-10-20 | Mass-classification-based device and method for measuring yarn capillary pore radius distribution |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102162783B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102539298B (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2015-06-24 | 五邑大学 | Measuring method for dynamic capillary aperture distribution of flexible material based on parameter classification and measuring device therefor |
| CN105136644B (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2019-04-12 | 华东交通大学 | The derivation method of hole effective aperture between clay particle |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5425265A (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 1995-06-20 | Jaisinghani; Rajan A. | Apparatus and method for measuring the capillary pressure distribution of porous materials |
| JP2002048694A (en) * | 2000-08-01 | 2002-02-15 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Test method for water permeability of constructional material |
| CN2529745Y (en) * | 2002-06-04 | 2003-01-08 | 孙德平 | Smoothing reciprocating indentation tangential machine |
| CN101738359A (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2010-06-16 | 五邑大学 | Method for determining capillary radius distribution of flexible porous system by mass classification |
-
2010
- 2010-10-20 CN CN201010513290.1A patent/CN102162783B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5425265A (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 1995-06-20 | Jaisinghani; Rajan A. | Apparatus and method for measuring the capillary pressure distribution of porous materials |
| JP2002048694A (en) * | 2000-08-01 | 2002-02-15 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Test method for water permeability of constructional material |
| CN2529745Y (en) * | 2002-06-04 | 2003-01-08 | 孙德平 | Smoothing reciprocating indentation tangential machine |
| CN101738359A (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2010-06-16 | 五邑大学 | Method for determining capillary radius distribution of flexible porous system by mass classification |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 基于质量分级法的织物毛细孔径分布测定方法;齐宏进 等;《纺织学报》;20100131;第31卷(第1期);48-52 * |
| 织物润湿性能测试新方法;刘文超 等;《纺织学报》;20051031;第26卷(第5期);1-3 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102162783A (en) | 2011-08-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101738359B (en) | Method for determining capillary radius distribution of flexible porous system by mass classification | |
| Zhang et al. | Polyester materials with superwetting silicone nanofilaments for oil/water separation and selective oil absorption | |
| CN105688681B (en) | A kind of manifold, comprising its porous membrane permeability detection system and method | |
| CN105938076B (en) | A kind of prepreg resin infiltration degree test method | |
| CN102162783B (en) | Mass-classification-based device and method for measuring yarn capillary pore radius distribution | |
| CN106501151A (en) | A kind of shale aperture measurement device and method based on imbibition and ion diffusion property | |
| CN204594841U (en) | Cigarette tipping paper absorption speed detector | |
| CN105842115B (en) | A kind of new fiber density measurement method | |
| CN202305366U (en) | Liquid surface tension coefficient measuring instrument | |
| CN109374080A (en) | A kind of rubber volume measure of the change device and method based on magnetic levitation | |
| CN203881645U (en) | Textile capillary effect test device | |
| Liu et al. | Capillary rise between cylinders | |
| CN206514900U (en) | A kind of device based on gas density in gas flow measurement air film | |
| CN102169080B (en) | Device and method for measuring pore-size distribution of flexible porous material by using on-line electric quantity grading method | |
| CN111412882B (en) | Diaphragm flatness detection device and working method thereof | |
| CN113945489A (en) | Non-contact testing method for moisture conductivity and hollow clamp using same | |
| CN102539298B (en) | Measuring method for dynamic capillary aperture distribution of flexible material based on parameter classification and measuring device therefor | |
| CN209541837U (en) | A kind of rubber volume measure of the change device based on magnetic levitation | |
| CN201034903Y (en) | Liquid specific gravity difference balance | |
| CN105842109A (en) | Novel two-component textile fiber component ratio test method | |
| US8869634B2 (en) | Fluid transportation by a sample | |
| CN102269689B (en) | Fraction gradient soaking and raffinate merging indication scissoring method for fabric aperture determination | |
| CN202195999U (en) | Device for measuring height difference between liquid levels | |
| JP2014122830A (en) | Gas diffusibility inspection device and method for attaching sample to sample holder for gas diffusibility inspection device | |
| CN211601805U (en) | Heart-shaped method fabric bending ring height tester |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20141224 |