CN102162430A - New-type wind power generation all-in-one machine and side slope detecting system based thereon - Google Patents

New-type wind power generation all-in-one machine and side slope detecting system based thereon Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102162430A
CN102162430A CN2011100801788A CN201110080178A CN102162430A CN 102162430 A CN102162430 A CN 102162430A CN 2011100801788 A CN2011100801788 A CN 2011100801788A CN 201110080178 A CN201110080178 A CN 201110080178A CN 102162430 A CN102162430 A CN 102162430A
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fan
flabellum
power generation
wind power
lid
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CN102162430B (en
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张端
林晨宽
何熊熊
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E10/74Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

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Abstract

A new-type wind power generation all-in-one machine comprises a vertical shaft fan, the shaft of which is arranged between an upper fan cover and a lower fan pedestal. Square columns made of permanent magnet materials are arranged between the fan cover and the fan pedestal on four corners, wherein one end near the fan cover is N pole, and one end near the fan pedestal is S pole. The fan cover, the fan pedestal and the vertical shaft fan are all made of soft magnet materials, a plurality of grooves embedded with coils are arranged at the inner sides of the fan cover and the fan pedestal, and the upper end and the lower end of a fan blade are respectively provided with a fan blade upper edge and a fan blade lower edge. Air gaps are arranged respectively between the fan cover and the fan blade upper edge, and the fan pedestal and the fan blade lower edge. The N pole of the square column, the fan cover, the air gap between the fan cover and the fan blade upper edge, the fan blade, the air gap between the fan blade lower edge and the fan pedestal, the fan pedestal and the S pole of the square column can form a closed main magnetic circuit. The wind power generation all-in-one machine can be placed beside express way to monitor landslides on two sides of the express way with wind power generation provided by traveling airflow.

Description

The wind power generation integrated machine reaches the side slope detection system based on it
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wind generator all-in-one machine, be particularly suitable for wind power generation integrated machine into the power supply of expressway slope detection node.
Background technique
Along with the development of wireless sensor network and Internet of Things, the powerup issue of distributed node becomes a difficult problem.What use was more at present is battery, but the electric weight of battery is limited, and battery life becomes the bottleneck in node life-span; The secondary pollution that the chemical cell that the while node carries causes certainly will become the significant threat of environment.Therefore, utilize the realization renewable energy sources to become an important research project for the distributed node power supply.
The wind energy that the present invention pays close attention in the renewable energy sources is the distributed node power supply.To some objects that moves at a relatively high speed,, can utilize and depend on wind generating unit on it and provide stable wind regime for the distributed node that is used for scientific research or follows the tracks of investigation as flying bird and automobile etc.A kind of situation of the present invention's imagination is the landslide on monitoring expressway limit.Mountainous area highway is faced with the danger of landslide.Small wind-driven generator is installed on the expressway limit,, is promoted wind generating unit work, for detecting slope monitoring node power supply carrying out landslide when the air-flow of high speed traveling by the motion of drive higher speed.
The tradition wind generating unit is made up of fan, speed changer and generator usually.For example patent of invention 200680021096.3, and drive rotating shaft by fan and rotate, and by using generator for electricity generation behind the planetary gear speed-changing.Patent of invention 200680016461.1 is installed in the vertical shaft fan on 3 ring structurees for another example, ring rotation and drive alternator generation during the fan rotation.Its purposes of traditional wind-driven generator generally provides electric power, even can generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, and its volume is generally also bigger.And general power consumption is less in wireless sensor node and distributed mini system, also requires the volume of power supply system less, is that wireless sensor network and distributed mini system are powered so traditional wind is not suitable for being grafted directly to.
Can consider fan and generator are integrated for the miniaturization that realizes wind generating unit, become wind generator all-in-one machine.Patent of invention 201010118580.6 or utility model patent 201020125286.3 have designed a kind of wind generator all-in-one machine with belt coil flabellum; Patent of invention 201010119356.9 or utility model patent 201020125302.9 have designed a kind of wind power-generation integrated machine with soft magnetic fan-leaf; Patent of invention 201010119339.5 or utility model patent 201020125290.X have designed a kind of permanent-magnet fan blade and wind power generation integrated machine; Patent of invention 201010119337.6 or utility model patent 201020125288.2 have designed a kind of wind generator all-in-one machine.But above-mentioned wind generator all-in-one machine processing and fabricating is difficulty comparatively.The first, all above-mentioned wind generator all-in-one machines all have plastic casing, need special die sinking manufacturing.The second, except that permanent-magnet fan blade and wind power generation integrated machine, other wind generator all-in-one machines need on fan lid and fan seat permanent magnet to be installed, and structure is not compact.The 3rd, permanent-magnet fan blade and wind power generation integrated machine requires to make fan with permanent-magnet material, the processing and forming technology difficulty, and difficulty magnetizes after the moulding.The 4th, the wind power-generation integrated machine with soft magnetic fan-leaf of patent of invention 201010119356.9 or utility model patent 201020125302.9 has conducting magnetic component, and structure is not compact.The 5th, the wind generator all-in-one machine of the belt coil flabellum in patent of invention 201010118580.6 or the utility model patent 201020125286.3, blade structure are too complicated, and permanent magnet is made difficult.The 6th, the wind generator all-in-one machine in patent of invention 201010119337.6 or the utility model patent 201020125288.2, permanent magnet difficult forming, installation requirement height.
In sum, need that a kind of size of design is little, compact structure, the wind generator all-in-one machine being convenient to make, and be applied to utilize the driving air-flow to carry out the expressway slope monitoring system.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will provide that a kind of size is little, compact structure, the wind power generation integrated machine being convenient to make, and utilize the driving air-flow to provide than strong wind and generating for the wind power generation integrated machine of arranging the expressway limit, be the power supply of expressway slope detection system, prevent that the landslide from causing serious disaster to turnpike driving.
The wind power generation integrated machine, it is characterized in that: comprise a vertical shaft fan, the axle of described vertical shaft fan is arranged between the fan seat of the fan lid on top and bottom, between four jiaos of described fan lid and the fan seats square cylinder is installed all, described square cylinder is a permanent magnet material, it is the N utmost point near fan lid end, and it is the S utmost point near fan seat end; Described square cylinder is arranged with the sheath of nonmagnetic substance outward; The flabellum of described fan lid, fan seat and vertical shaft fan all is soft magnet materials; The inboard of described fan lid and fan seat respectively has several grooves, is provided with coil in the described groove; The upper/lower terminal of the flabellum of described vertical shaft fan is respectively equipped with flabellum upper limb, flabellum lower edge; Described fan lid, fan seat have air gap respectively and between the flabellum upper limb, flabellum lower edge, the N on the described square cylinder is extreme, the air gap between the air gap between fan lid, fan lid and the flabellum upper limb, flabellum, flabellum lower edge and the fan seat, fan, N that the S on the square cylinder extremely returns on the square cylinder extremely can form several closed main magnetic circuits.
Further, described square cylinder is fixed between fan lid and the fan seat by nuts and bolt.
Side slope detection system based on foregoing invention, it is characterized in that: comprise that the wind energy that the turnpike driving air-flow is formed converts the wind power generation integrated machine of electric energy to, the output terminal of described wind power generation integrated machine is connected with the voltage transitions memory circuit, and described voltage transitions memory circuit is used for converting Ac to direct current and storage of electrical energy; The output terminal of described voltage transitions memory circuit is connected with the information physical network nodes and provides power supply for it; Described information physical network nodes comprises sensor detection circuit and single-chip microprocessor, and described sensor detection circuit is used to gather the landslide situation of expressway both sides, and the information that described single-chip microprocessor is used for collecting sends to operating console.
Further, described voltage transitions memory circuit comprises current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, decompression voltage regulator, the battery charger that connects successively.
Wind power generation integrated machine of the present invention main flux when fan rotates is constant, but the magnetic flux in the coil constantly changes along with the rotation of fan.When the area that turns to coil when flabellum overlapped with the area of flabellum lower edge or flabellum upper limb, it is maximum that the magnetic flux in the coil reaches.According to Lenz's law, in the big process of this coil flux quantitative change, it produces counterclockwise Ac; In the little process of this coil flux quantitative change, produce clockwise Ac.Obviously, can produce alternating voltage in each coil.Suppose that the vertical shaft fan has 6 flabellums, be equipped with 6 coils on fan lid and the fan seat, when the vertical shaft fan rotates, the coil on inswept each fan lid that 6 flabellums go round and begin again, fan, if coil connects by rights, the alternating voltage of Chan Shenging will be 12 times of single coil so.
Side slope detection system based on wind power generation integrated machine of the present invention, its principle is by the wind power generation integrated machine wind energy to be converted the wind energy that galloping forms to electric energy, convert thereof into VDC by current rectifying and wave filtering circuit again, and play the effect of voltage stabilizing.By a battery charger lithium cell is charged again, make it to become the power supply of this detection system.System passes through the landslide situation of sensor acquisition expressway both sides such as fiber bragg grating, inclination, and by the transmitting module of single-chip microprocessor signal is sent to operating console.Operating console is presented at it on the display screen of expressway to remind back vehicle again by literal.
Adopted the vertical shaft fan among the present invention, the vertical shaft fan can utilize the wind energy of all directions, makes on this Unit Installation position, direction and the precision relatively freer simultaneously.
The electromotive force that wind generating unit produces should not be low excessively, otherwise the enough energy can not be provided for the circuit of generator back; And, singly wish that for producing higher electromotive force electricity generating device has the rotational speed of large-size or rotor higher with regard to electricity generating device from the principle of generator.Rotary speed of rotator high request nature wind speed is higher or moving object speed is very fast, the factor that all non-electricity generating device itself can be intervened; But fan and electricity generating device integrated makes the electricity generating device size relatively reach it can be reached at utmost, thereby improves the electromotive force that is produced.
In sum, beneficial effect of the present invention has:
1. fan and electricity generating device is integrated, simple and compact for structure, no curve and surface takes into full account and makes simply, and volume is little;
2. realize component reusage largely, the permanent magnetism square cylinder that is easy to make is simultaneously as structural posts, and fan lid, fan seat and flabellum are made by soft magnetic material, and the existing structure function has the magnetic conduction function again;
Fan and electricity generating device integrated after, its size effect helps improving electricity generating device usefulness;
4. can form the closed main magnetic circuit of band small air gap in the device, main magnetic circuit total magnetic flux variable quantity is big, the energy conversion rate height;
5. one aspect of the present invention is utilized renewable energy sources, can energy saving; Can reduce the use battery in a large number on the other hand, the protection environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 looks sectional view for master of the present invention.
Fig. 2 partly cuts open figure for of the present invention overlooking.
Fig. 3 is the sectional elevation of flabellum of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is based on side slope detection system block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram based on side slope detection system of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the demagnetization curve schematic representation of square cylinder of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
With reference to Fig. 1-3, the wind power generation integrated machine, comprise a vertical shaft fan 6, the axle 5 of described vertical shaft fan 6 is arranged between the fan seat 1 of the fans lid 3 on top and bottom, between 1 four jiaos of described fan lid 3 and the fan seats square cylinder 2 is installed all, described square cylinder 2 is permanent magnet materials, and it covers 3 ends near fan is N utmost points, and it is the S utmost point near fan seat 1 end; The described square cylinder 2 outer sheaths 9 that are arranged with nonmagnetic substance; The flabellum 8 of described fan lid 3, fan seat 1 and vertical shaft fan 6 all is soft magnet materials; The inboard of described fan lid 3 and fan seat 1 respectively has several grooves, is provided with coil 7 in the described groove; The upper/lower terminal of the flabellum 8 of described vertical shaft fan 7 is respectively equipped with flabellum upper limb, flabellum lower edge; Described fan lid 3, fan seat 1 have air gap respectively and between the flabellum upper limb, flabellum lower edge, the N on the described square cylinder 2 is extreme, fan cover 3, fan cover 3 with the flabellum upper limb between air gap, flabellum 8, flabellum lower edge and fan a air gap between 1, fan 1, N that S on the square cylinder 2 extremely returns on the square cylinder 2 extremely can form several closed main magnetic circuits.
Described square cylinder 2 by nuts and bolt 4 be fixed on fan cover 3 and fan 1 between.
Wind power generation integrated machine of the present invention main flux when fan rotates is constant, but the magnetic flux in the coil 7 constantly changes along with the rotation of fan.When the area that turns to coil 7 when flabellum 8 overlapped with the area of flabellum lower edge or flabellum upper limb, it is maximum that the magnetic flux in the coil 7 reaches.According to Lenz's law, in the big process of these coil 7 magnetic flux quantitative changes, it produces counterclockwise Ac; In the process that these coil 7 magnetic flux diminish, produce clockwise Ac.Obviously, can produce alternating voltage in each coil 7.Suppose that vertical shaft fan 6 has 6 flabellums, fan cover 3 and fan 1 on be equipped with 6 coils 7, when vertical shaft fan 6 rotates, inswept each fan that 6 flabellums 8 go round and begin again cover 3, the coil 7 on the fan 1, if coil 7 connects by rights, the alternating voltage of Chan Shenging will be 12 times of single coil 7 so.
Adopted the vertical shaft fan among the present invention, the vertical shaft fan can utilize the wind energy of all directions, makes on this Unit Installation position, direction and the precision relatively freer simultaneously.
The electromotive force that wind generating unit produces should not be low excessively, otherwise the enough energy can not be provided for the circuit of generator back; And, singly wish that for producing higher electromotive force electricity generating device has the rotational speed of large-size or rotor higher with regard to electricity generating device from the principle of generator.Rotary speed of rotator high request nature wind speed is higher or moving object speed is very fast, the factor that all non-electricity generating device itself can be intervened; But fan and electricity generating device integrated makes the electricity generating device size relatively reach it can be reached at utmost, thereby improves the electromotive force that is produced.
Embodiment two
With reference to Fig. 4, side slope detection system based on the wind power generation integrated machine, comprise that the wind energy that the turnpike driving air-flow is formed converts the wind power generation integrated machine 10 of electric energy to, the output terminal of described wind power generation integrated machine 10 is connected with voltage transitions memory circuit 11, and described voltage transitions memory circuit 11 is used for converting Ac to direct current and storage of electrical energy; The output terminal of described voltage transitions memory circuit 11 is connected with information physical network nodes 12 and provides power supply for it; Described information physical network nodes 12 comprises sensor detection circuit 121 and single-chip microprocessor 122, described sensor detection circuit 121 is used to gather the landslide situation of expressway both sides, and the information that described single-chip microprocessor 122 is used for collecting sends to operating console.
Described voltage transitions memory circuit 11 comprises current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 111, decompression voltage regulator 112, the battery charger 113 that connects successively.
Side slope detection system based on wind power generation integrated machine of the present invention, to be wind energy that galloping is formed convert wind energy to electric energy by wind power generation integrated machine 10 to its principle, convert thereof into VDC by current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 111 again, and play the effect of voltage stabilizing.Charge by 113 pairs of lithium celies of a battery charger again, make it to become the power supply of this detection system.System passes through the landslide situation of sensor acquisition expressway both sides such as fiber bragg grating, inclination, and by the transmitting module of single-chip microprocessor 122 signal is sent to operating console.Operating console is presented at it on the display screen of expressway to remind back vehicle again by literal.
With reference to Fig. 5, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is formed full-bridge rectifier by 4 rectification diode D1, D2, D3, D4, and inductance L 1 and filter capacitor C1, C2 form, and it becomes the Ac that novel wind generator produces into direct current and filtering noise.This rectifying and wave-filtering integrated inductor hangs down the advantage of ripple voltage and the high advantage of capacitance load is also arranged.
As can be seen from Figure 5 at the positive half period of power supply, T1 level upper end of transformer be for just, and the lower end is for negative, commutation diode D1 and D4 conducting, and electric current is got back to T1 time grade of lower end of transformer by T1 level upper end of transformer process D1, D4, C1 and C2; When the power-half cycle, T1 level lower end be for just, and the upper end is for negative, commutation diode D2 and D3 conducting, and electric current is got back on T1 time grade in the transformer through D1, D4, C1 and C2 by T1 level of transformer lower end.
Mu balanced circuit is by linear voltage regulator MAX5091, and resistance R 1, R2 and shunt capacitance C3, C4, C5 form.The MAX5091 input voltage range is 5V~28V, and typical output voltage is 5V, and shunt capacitance C5 is the ceramic condenser of 10 μ F.This chip design anti-lost electric work energy, work as v SiVoltage is lower than reference voltage V StThe time, the SI pin can be dragged down with the protection chip.Welded big solder joint at utmost to increase heat radiation at the circuit board ground level.
Lithium cell group charging circuit is by lithium cell linear-charging managing chip BQ2057, resistance R 5, R6, R7, R8, R9, and light emitting diode D5, PNP transistor Q1 and lithium cell group are formed.BQ2057 gallon pin SNS calculates the electric current of battery by the voltage that detects external resistance R 5.Voltage detecting pin BAT directly receives the positive pole of battery.Temperature detection pin TS has forbidden the battery temperature measuring ability by R8 after the R9 dividing potential drop.We can know three kinds of states of charging by light emitting diode D5: temperature fault and sleep pattern are finished in charging.Charging control pin CC can the tracing source output port, drives external transistor Q1 and regulates current/voltage.
Crystal oscillator X1 and X2 can provide the clock cycle for system-on-a-chip CC430.When it is in receptive pattern, two pins of RF_P and RF_N can be used for accepting wireless signal, and when it is in sending mode, and two pins of RF_P and RF_N can be used for sending wireless signal, its transmit frequency band is 300MHz~348MHz, 389MHz~464MHz and 779MHz~928MHz.
Sensor S1 comprises inclination sensor and fiber-optic grating sensor, and it can effectively detect landslide and size thereof, timely and effectively for control centre provides corresponding information, makes the disaster infringement be reduced to minimum.
Concrete application examples
Square cylinder has adopted the more cheap ferrite permanent-magnet materials Y35 of price.Fig. 6 is a permanent-magnet material Y35 demagnetization curve schematic representation.As Fig. 6, choose B d=0.31T makes to be parallel to the horizontal line friendship permanent-magnet material Y35 demagnetization curve and the D point of H axle, uses H dThe abscissa of expression D is used H dThe y coordinate of expression D.H dThe magnetic intensity of expression point D, H d=81.84kA/m represents the Magnetic flux density of a D.By observing Fig. 4, be easy to obtain H from demagnetization curve d=81.84kA/m and B d=0.31T.
According to magnetomotive force conservation and magnetic flux conservation in main magnetic circuit, obtain following equation
H p ( B p ) / = 2 B g μ 0 δ
(1)
4 B p A p = π ( R 2 - r 2 ) 2 B g
B wherein pBe the Magnetic flux density of square cylinder, H p(B p) be the magnetic intensity of square cylinder, δ is the length of each square cylinder.Suppose that two air gaps in each magnetic circuit are the same, and its width is δ.Air-gap permeance μ 0=4 π * 10 -7H/m, A pBe the sectional area of cylinder 3, r and R are respectively its internal diameter and external diameters.From formula (1), can draw the equation of the dimensional parameters of wind power generation integrated machine, as follows:
δ I = H p ( B p ) μ 0 2 B g = π ( R 2 - r 2 ) H p ( B p ) μ 0 16 B p A p . - - - ( 2 )
Choose width of air gap δ=1mm, suppose R=30mm, r=10mm, A p=64mm 2, the length l ≈ 20mm of square cylinder.In this case, can be regarded as out the Magnetic flux density B of air gap g=0.0815T.
The minimum value that the diameter of the closed traverse enamel insulated round copper wire of each coil of wind power generation integrated machine is taken as in the standard measure is 0.015mm, the groove part width and the degree of depth of getting coil on the permanent magnet are respectively 0.9mm, are N=2500 so can establish the number of turn that distributes in the groove.
In order to simplify amount of calculation, suppose in the uniform rotation of expressway fan, and rotating speed is ω=6 π rad/s that promptly per second changes 3 circles.The fan 2 π rad that whenever turn around, the variable quantity of each coil total magnetic flux is B g(π R 2-π r 2), establishing the outer radius R=30mm of annular permanent magnnet cross section annulus, inside radius r=10mm, magnetic induction intensity are B g=0.0815T, at this moment the induction electromotive force of each coil generation is
ϵ i = N dΦ dt = 3 NB g π ( R 2 - r 2 ) = 1.54 V - - - ( 3 )
Because the number of stitches on fan lid, the fan seat is identical with the flabellum number, and quantity is 6.So finally the induction electromotive force that produces from fan is ε=12 ε j=18.5V.By the output voltage U behind the current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is 1.2 times of input voltage ε, i.e. U=1.2 ε=22.2V.The input voltage of MAX5091 chip is 5~28V, so output voltage satisfies the condition of landslide detection system input voltage.
The described content of this specification embodiment only is enumerating the way of realization of inventive concept; protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as only limiting to the concrete form that embodiment states, protection scope of the present invention also reach in those skilled in the art conceive according to the present invention the equivalent technologies means that can expect.

Claims (4)

1. wind power generation integrated machine, it is characterized in that: comprise a vertical shaft fan, the axle of described vertical shaft fan is arranged between the fan seat of the fan lid on top and bottom, between four jiaos of described fan lid and the fan seats square cylinder is installed all, described square cylinder is a permanent magnet material, it is the N utmost point near fan lid end, and it is the S utmost point near fan seat end; Described square cylinder is arranged with the sheath of nonmagnetic substance outward; The flabellum of described fan lid, fan seat and vertical shaft fan all is soft magnet materials; The inboard of described fan lid and fan seat respectively has several grooves, is provided with coil in the described groove; The upper/lower terminal of the flabellum of described vertical shaft fan is respectively equipped with flabellum upper limb, flabellum lower edge; Described fan lid, fan seat have air gap respectively and between the flabellum upper limb, flabellum lower edge, the N on the described square cylinder is extreme, the air gap between the air gap between fan lid, fan lid and the flabellum upper limb, flabellum, flabellum lower edge and the fan seat, fan, N that the S on the square cylinder extremely returns on the square cylinder extremely can form several closed main magnetic circuits.
2. wind power generation integrated machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described square cylinder is fixed between fan lid and the fan seat by nuts and bolt.
3. based on the side slope detection system of the described wind power generation integrated machine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise that the wind energy that the turnpike driving air-flow is formed converts the wind power generation integrated machine of electric energy to, the output terminal of described wind power generation integrated machine is connected with the voltage transitions memory circuit, and described voltage transitions memory circuit is used for converting Ac to direct current and storage of electrical energy; The output terminal of described voltage transitions memory circuit is connected with the information physical network nodes and provides power supply for it; Described information physical network nodes comprises sensor detection circuit and single-chip microprocessor, and described sensor detection circuit is used to gather the landslide situation of expressway both sides, and the information that described single-chip microprocessor is used for collecting sends to operating console.
4. side slope detection system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described voltage transitions memory circuit comprises current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, decompression voltage regulator, the battery charger that connects successively.
CN 201110080178 2011-03-31 2011-03-31 New-type wind power generation all-in-one machine and side slope detecting system based thereon Expired - Fee Related CN102162430B (en)

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WO2015000450A1 (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-01-08 国网节能服务有限公司 Method for providing electricity using wind energy to electric devices on freeway

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