CN102160679A - Water-containing material extruding, bulking and drying device and drying method using same - Google Patents
Water-containing material extruding, bulking and drying device and drying method using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102160679A CN102160679A CN2011100452749A CN201110045274A CN102160679A CN 102160679 A CN102160679 A CN 102160679A CN 2011100452749 A CN2011100452749 A CN 2011100452749A CN 201110045274 A CN201110045274 A CN 201110045274A CN 102160679 A CN102160679 A CN 102160679A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-containing material extruding, bulking and drying device and a drying method using the same, belonging to the field of food and feedstuff bulking and processing devices. The device comprises a bulking machine and a drying machine; a discharging port of the bulking machine is provided with a cutter; the cutter and the discharging port of the bulking machine are arranged in a barrel body; the lower end of the barrel body is provided with a conveying mechanism; the front end of the conveying machine corresponds to the lower end of the barrel body; the tail end of the conveying machine is correspondingly connected with a feeding port of the drying machine; and the barrel body is provided with a gas flow channel capable of leading gas flow to blow through a cutting area. When drying is carried out, gas flow at the temperature of 35-165 DEG C is introduced into the gas flow channel, the flow speed of the gas flow is 0.1-10m/s, and the staying time of bulked particles in the conveying mechanism is 3-60 seconds. In the invention, the technical effects that the quality phase of the bulked particles is good, the deformation is not easy and the energy consumption is less in the drying process can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to extrusion and drying technology in food service industry and the feedstuff industry, particularly a kind of water-containing material extrusion drying unit and furnace drying method.
Background technology
The extruder that food service industry and feedstuff industry use generally adopts the wet method extrusion, and the particle after expanded contains certain moisture, in order to allow swelling granular reach the moisture of safety storing, all needs to adopt dryer that swelling granular is dried processing.
For example, use expanded stoving process to process common albumen floating aquatic feed, the water content of material in bulking machine is generally about 24%, after material is extruded the nib of bulking machine, enter dryer again and dry, the water content of the product after the oven dry generally all requires to reach in 10%.
Swelling granular is dried in dryer, and the energy that needs to consume is than higher.Present most producer all is from the studying of dryer itself, and promotes the efficient of dryer, cuts down the consumption of energy with this.Seldom some producers are studied from the technology of expanded oven dry, improve technology, reduce the energy consumption of dryer.But all there are some problems in some present ways.
Below be several technologies of present expanded oven dry:
1, material directly enters dryer after expanded
Directly enter dryer after material is expanded, this technology is modal a kind of technology.The floor that general bulking machine is placed is than the high floor of dryer.Material is cut the back and carries out downstairs dryer by an airtight vertical pipeline by the effect of gravity, dries.
There are two problems in this technology:
1) consumes too much energy
Material has in Builking cavity than higher pressure, has certain temperature simultaneously and contains certain moisture, extrudes moment of nib at material, because pressure moment reduces, material is by expanded, and the water of a part carries out flash distillation simultaneously, becomes water vapour.
For example, processing albumen floating aquatic feed, the moisture of material in Builking cavity is about 24%, and temperature reaches 135～150 ℃, and pressure reaches about 40bar.Material becomes swelling granular through cutting after extruding nib, and the moisture of moment flash distillation is greatly about about 4%, and material temperature moment drops to about 85 ℃.
In this technology, because swelling granular and water vapour after the nib are sealed in the pipeline.Simultaneously the environment temperature in the pipeline can not be higher than material moment material temperature when extruding, and temperature descends gradually.Because above two factors, water vapour can become water gradually, and these water can be attached to the surface of swelling granular, and also the water of some is attached to the inwall of pipeline.Attached to the water of pipeline inner wall, a part is absorbed by swelling granular again, and remaining water enters downstairs dryer inside along pipeline inner wall trickling downwards.Too much like this moisture carries out dryer, has consumed the too much energy consumption of dryer.
Also there are some producers to notice this problem, carry out opening, allow steam overflow voluntarily, alleviate the problem that too much moisture carries out dryer on pipeline top.But the amount that steam overflows voluntarily is fewer, and there is pollution in the steam that overflows simultaneously to site environment, and the time one is long, and the equipment of this floor can produce situation about having rusty stains, and has had a strong impact on the life-span of equipment.
2) the yielding problem of swelling granular
The material of extruding from nib becomes swelling granular through cutting and since swelling granular contain certain moisture (for example, material in Builking cavity moisture about 24%, extrude the moisture of back flash distillation about 4%, the moisture of swelling granular is greatly about about 20%), particle is softer, and is yielding.
In this technology, the vertical height of the screen cloth of material from nib to dryer generally all reaches 5～6 meters.Directly carry out freely falling body for the particle of just extruding nib, unavoidably cause the distortion of particle from 5～6 meters height.
2, the expanded back of material delivers into dryer by strength
The technology that strength is carried is present ubiquitous another technology.In this kind technology, do not require for the floor of bulking machine and dryer.Material is extruded from the bulking machine nib, and after cutting, material becomes swelling granular.Swelling granular and the water vapour that produces as previously mentioned are sucked in the airtight pipeline of negative pressure together, and material is delivered in the cyclone dust collectors of dryer top by pipeline.By cyclone dust collectors, gas and steam are upwards discharged, and the downward sedimentation of swelling granular enters dryer.
Also there are two problems in this technology:
1) energy consumption is also than higher
One of factor: swelling granular absorbs moisture and improves the dryer energy consumption:
In this technology, swelling granular and water vapour enter in the pneumatic carrier road after leaving bulking machine, because a large amount of air enters pipeline, the temperature suppression ratio of material in the pipeline and water vapour is very fast.Steam temperature can all become little water droplet and be suspended in the pipeline after descending.These little water droplets can be divided into two parts: a part of water droplet is suspended in the air, finally along with air is discharged; Another part contacts with swelling granular when being suspended in the pipeline, is finally absorbed by swelling granular.
After material left nib, pressure discharged, and causes the water in the material to become water vapour.The water vapour of a part leaves swelling granular, and the water vapour of another part exists in the aperture of the inner numerous densification of swelling granular, and the immediate cause of the generation of these fine and close apertures is exactly that water has become steam.
Because original temperature is than higher the time, " vapour " has filled these fine and close apertures, has caused the water absorbing capacity of swelling granular poor.But work as owing to decrease of temperature, after more " vapour " became " water ", the space that original " vapour " is occupied just was released, and finally causes the water absorbing capacity of swelling granular to strengthen greatly.It is many more that temperature descends, and has many more steam and absorbed by swelling granular.
In the process that strength is carried, the temperature of swelling granular can drop between 20～35 ℃.Under such temperature, nearly all vapour has all become water, and the water absorbing capacity of swelling granular strengthens greatly like this.So when swelling granular and water droplet are suspended in the pipeline, the water that has quite a few is absorbed by swelling granular, finally this part water need be handled in dryer, has therefore improved the energy consumption of dryer.
Two of factor: the reduction of swelling granular temperature improves the dryer energy consumption
Swelling granular is extruded the back material temperature and is reached about 85 ℃, and after entering dryer after the strength conveying, the temperature of swelling granular has only about 20～35 ℃.
Under the prerequisite of other term harmonization, when the temperature of swelling granular is relatively low, in order to reach same oven dry moisture, the energy that this just must an additive decrementation part.
Three of factor: strength conveying itself also can need to consume suitable electric energy
Strength is carried needs a supporting strong blower fan, and just the stretchy swelling granular could be transported to swelling granular on the dryer.This also will consume too much electric energy.
2) also there is the problem of particle deformation
Because inevitably there are some elbows in the pipeline that strength is carried, swelling granular arrives these elbows, inevitably produces bump, and this also can produce the distortion of swelling granular.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of water-containing material extrusion drying unit, makes swelling granular material energy consumption in dry run low, and swelling granular is not yielding.
One of purpose of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of water-containing material extrusion drying unit, comprise bulking machine and dryer, the discharging opening of bulking machine is provided with cutting knife, the discharging opening of described cutting knife and bulking machine is arranged in the cylindrical shell, the cylindrical shell lower end is provided with conveying mechanism, the conveying mechanism front end is corresponding with the cylindrical shell lower end, the corresponding connection of charging aperture of conveying mechanism tail end and described dryer; Cylindrical shell is provided with and can makes air-flow blow over the gas channel of cutting zone.
During this device work, the material mouth discharging of bulking machine, under the rotation of cutting knife, expanded material is cut into graininess, and the zone that cutting knife cuts off expanded material is a cutting zone, and the swelling granular of cut-out freely falls in cylindrical shell, air-flow in the gas channel is blown over the blanking in the cutting zone, can allow the water vapour of swelling granular and flash distillation effectively separate, reach the control swelling granular when entering dryer moisture minimum, reduce the energy consumption of dryer with this; On the other hand, conveying mechanism has the effect of stable swelling granular, can guarantee the indeformable of particle; In order to separate swelling granular and water vapour effectively, reduce the energy consumption of dryer, this invention requires to enter the necessary certain flow rate of air-flow in the cutting zone, separate swelling granular and water vapour with this, in cutting zone, the temperature of swelling granular is the highest, reach about 85 ℃, the water absorbing capacity of swelling granular is poor, because swelling granular and water vapour are just extruded from nib, just separate simultaneously, blowing of air-flow makes swelling granular not have the time of suction, separating effect is better, this with freely fall fully and the technique effect of the scheme of natural heat dissipation different fully; In this position, the temperature of water vapour is the highest, and water vapour is also not free to be condensed into water droplet, more still is steam state, helps separated; Simultaneously, in cutting zone, it is in bulk that swelling granular is branch, is not deposited in together, and easy method of blowing by the air-flow of uniform temperature is taken away more water vapour.The present invention can and take away water vapour in the separation of the starting stage of expanded material discharging, has reduced the energy consumption of dryer, the also corresponding reduction of overall energy consumption, and it can be used in the production technology of food, expanded feed particle.
Described conveying mechanism top can be provided with the insulation case, and expanded material is incubated.Swelling granular is on conveying mechanism the time, and the insulation case can be incubated swelling granular, allows the temperature of swelling granular too much not descend, and is a reasonable selection to the energy consumption that reduces dryer like this.If this conveying mechanism has the function that heats, promptly provide certain energy to swelling granular, also be useful to the reduction of the energy consumption of dryer.In addition, also can swelling granular be incubated, because other related measure has been arranged, the energy consumption of dryer reduced also reasonable effect.
When air communication is crossed cutting zone, can adopt the technical scheme of airflow direction and blanking direction contrary, this scheme can have following several selection down: one, gas channel comprise the air outlet of cylindrical shell top setting, the air inlet that cylindrical shell lower end one side is provided with, and described air inlet correspondence is provided with blower fan.Can also be provided with heat exchanger in the air inlet inboard, the corresponding backgauge web plate that is connected with the air inlet position on the cylindrical shell.Its two, gas channel comprises the air outlet that the cylindrical shell top is provided with, the air inlet that cylindrical shell lower end one side is provided with, described air inlet is arranged on insulation case upside.Its three, gas channel comprises the air inlet that is provided with on the insulation case of air outlet that the cylindrical shell top is provided with and conveying mechanism tail end correspondence.Its four, described gas channel comprises the air outlet that the cylindrical shell top is provided with and is upward through the air intake passage of conveying mechanism.
When air communication is crossed cutting zone, can also adopt the airflow direction technical scheme identical with the blanking direction, described gas channel comprises the air inlet that the cylindrical shell top is provided with, and leaves air outlet between described conveying mechanism tail end and the insulation case.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described insulation case is provided with and the corresponding Adjustable device aerofoil of conveying mechanism.Suitably control airflow direction by the Adjustable device aerofoil, avoid air-flow to run off, influence work from other passages.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the difference in height between described cutting knife and the conveying mechanism is 0.5-3m.Indeformable in order to guarantee swelling granular, difference in height between cutting knife and conveying mechanism is unsuitable excessive, and after swelling granular had just been extruded from nib, whole particle was soft, yielding, under such state, should not allow particle collide, allow swelling granular on conveying mechanism, keep and stable a period of time, after during this period of time, after the capability improving of the anti-collision of swelling granular, enter dryer again, can guarantee that swelling granular is indeformable.Conveying mechanism can horizontal positioned, also can make progress at a certain angle or downward-sloping preventing, the angular range of inclination is between 0～45 °.
Two of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of furnace drying method that utilizes above-mentioned water-containing material extrusion drying unit, reaches energy-saving and cost-reducing, guarantees the indeformable purpose of swelling granular simultaneously.This method comprises the steps:
When 1) bulking machine was worked, cutting knife cut off the material of extruding, and forms some particles, and drops in cylindrical shell at the conveying mechanism front end;
2) from gas channel, feed 35-165 ℃ air-flow, air-flow velocity 0.1-10m/s, the swelling granular that air-flow is blown over falling;
3) by conveying mechanism the swelling granular that falls is transported in the drying unit under keeping warm mode and dries, swelling granular time of staying in conveying mechanism is 3-60s.
By the present invention, can be at expanded material from moment that bulking machine is extruded and cut off, the steam of flash distillation is taken away, simultaneously, can be taken away the moisture content of the swelling granular in the part blanking, and the swelling granular that will have certain heat flows to dryer under keeping warm mode, the final energy consumption that reduces dryer simultaneously, can also guarantee that swelling granular is indeformable, product appearance is regular, and quality is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the partial structurtes schematic diagram of figure.
Fig. 3 is second kind of structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the third structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the 4th kind of structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the 5th kind of structural representation of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 drawing-in device, 2 quality-adjusting devices, 3 bulking machines, 4 conveying mechanisms, 5 dryers, 6 discharging openings, 7 cutting knifes, 8 air outlets, 9 swelling granulars, 10 when material web plate one, 11 backgauge web plate, 11 heat exchangers, 12 air inlets, 13 blower fans, 14 Adjustable device aerofoils, 15 insulation cases, 16 cylindrical shells, 17 air intake passages.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, be a kind of water-containing material extrusion drying unit, its structure mainly includes drawing-in device 1, quality-adjusting device 2, bulking machine 3, conveying mechanism 4, dryer 5, discharging opening 6 places of bulking machine 3 are provided with cutting knife 7, the discharging opening 3 of cutting knife 7 and bulking machine is arranged in the cylindrical shell 16, conveying mechanism 4 is arranged on cylindrical shell 16 lower ends, difference in height between cutting knife 7 and the conveying mechanism is 1-3m, but value is 1m, 2m, 3m in the present embodiment, during with assurance swelling granular 9 blankings, be unlikely to be out of shape because of bump; Conveying mechanism 4 front ends are corresponding with cylindrical shell 16 lower ends, the corresponding connection of charging aperture of conveying mechanism 4 tail ends and described dryer 5; Conveying mechanism 4 tops are provided with insulation case 15, cylindrical shell 16 is provided with and can makes air-flow blow over the gas channel of cutting zone, gas channel comprises the air outlet 8 of cylindrical shell top setting and the air inlet 12 that cylindrical shell lower end one side is provided with, air inlet 12 place's correspondences are provided with blower fan 13, air inlet 12 inboards are provided with heat exchanger 11, the corresponding backgauge web plate 10 that is connected with air inlet 12 positions on the cylindrical shell 16, backgauge web plate 10 has two, a upright setting, one is obliquely installed, to guarantee that swelling granular 9 can drop on the conveying mechanism 4 more smoothly.Insulation case 15 is provided with and conveying mechanism 4 corresponding Adjustable device aerofoils 14.
As shown in Figure 3, be second kind of water-containing material extrusion drying unit, discharging opening 6 places of its bulking machine 3 are provided with cutting knife 7, and the discharging opening 3 of cutting knife 7 and bulking machine is arranged in the cylindrical shell 16, and conveying mechanism 4 is arranged on cylindrical shell 16 lower ends; Conveying mechanism 4 front ends are corresponding with cylindrical shell 16 lower ends, the corresponding connection of charging aperture of conveying mechanism 4 tail ends and described dryer 5; Conveying mechanism 4 tops are provided with insulation case 15, cylindrical shell 16 is provided with and can makes air-flow blow over the gas channel of cutting zone, this gas channel comprises the air outlet 8 of cylindrical shell top setting and the air inlet 12 that cylindrical shell lower end one side is provided with, and described air inlet 12 is arranged on insulation case 15 upsides; Insulation case 15 is provided with and conveying mechanism 4 corresponding Adjustable device aerofoils 14.
As Fig. 4, be the third water-containing material extrusion drying unit, be the air inlet 12 that is provided with on the corresponding insulation case of air outlet 8 that gas channel comprises that the cylindrical shell top is provided with and conveying mechanism 4 tail ends with the difference of embodiment 2; Corresponding Adjustable device aerofoil 14 is arranged between the tail end of air inlet 12 and conveying mechanism 4.
As shown in Figure 5, be the 4th kind of water-containing material extrusion drying unit, be that with the difference of embodiment 2 gas channel comprises air outlet 8 that the cylindrical shell top is provided with and the air intake passage 17 that is upward through conveying mechanism 4, conveying mechanism can adopt mesh-belt conveying, to guarantee that air-flow can pass through, also heating apparatus can be set on the conveying mechanism, can be to swelling granular prebake; Corresponding Adjustable device aerofoil 14 is provided with the tail end of insulation case 15.
Embodiment 5
As shown in Figure 6, be the 5th kind of water-containing material extrusion drying unit, the blanking direction that is airflow direction and expanded material with the difference of embodiment 2 is identical, the described gas channel of gas channel comprises the air inlet 12 that the cylindrical shell top is provided with, and leaves air outlet 12 between conveying mechanism 4 tail ends and the insulation case 15.
The present invention is not limited to the foregoing description; on the basis of technical scheme disclosed by the invention; those skilled in the art is according to disclosed technology contents; do not need performing creative labour just can make some replacements and distortion to some technical characterictics wherein, these replacements and distortion are all in protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of furnace drying method that utilizes the drying unit of the foregoing description 1, its key step is as follows: material at first from drawing-in device 1, enter carry out in the quality-adjusting device 2 modified, material time of staying in quality-adjusting device 2 is 2 minutes～4 minutes, makes material obtain certain precuring.Material is before leaving quality-adjusting device 2, and moisture reaches about 24%, and temperature reaches 90～99 ℃, and gelatinization degree reaches 40～55%.
The material that obtains precuring enters the bulking machine extruding, reaches when material before the discharging opening 6 of bulking machine, and the pressure of material reaches about 40bar, and temperature reaches 135～150 ℃, and gelatinization degree reaches more than 98%.At this moment, though the moisture in the material reaches 135～150 ℃ high temperature, because the effect of pressure, moisture still is dispersed in the material with liquid state.
The moisture that contains in material and material is in the moment of extruding discharging opening because the outer environmental pressure rapid drawdown of discharging opening becomes 1 atmospheric pressure, simultaneously since the moisture temperature than higher, moment becomes steam state by liquid state.The material of extruding has simultaneously become particle through cutting.
The moisture that becomes steam state becomes two parts: a part is present in the inside that becomes particle, this also be swelling granular inside contain numerous fine and close apertures an immediate cause, the steam of this part exists among the material and among the fine and close aperture, the moisture in swelling granular inside has about 19～20%; Remaining water of 4～5% has left swelling granular, is dispersed near the zone of cutting knife.
Become granular material through cutting, also be dispersed in cutting zone this moment, owing to the effect of gravity, swelling granular is prepared simultaneously.At this moment, the air-flow that has uniform temperature, certain wind speed passes from the swelling granular that is scattered here and there.The temperature that facts have proved air-flow is preferred between 35～160 ℃, also can at normal temperatures, can select 35 ℃, 55 ℃, 90 ℃, 130 ℃, 160 ℃, the wind speed of air-flow is at 0.1～10m/s, can select boundary value and medians such as 0.1m/s, 1m/s, 5m/s, 8m/s, 10m/s, in above-mentioned choosing value scope, all can allow the water vapour outside nearly all swelling granular be taken away by air-flow, reached separating of water vapour and swelling granular.The moisture of the swelling granular that obtains like this drops to 19～20% by original about 24%.The moisture of swelling granular compares with the moisture of original material, has descended 16.6～20.8%.
Because air-flow contains certain temperature, air-flow is through swelling granular the time simultaneously, and the temperature of swelling granular does not reduce.If the temperature of air-flow is higher than the temperature of swelling granular, can also play the effect of further dry swelling granular.The saving of dryer energy consumption after this all helps.
Swelling granular is with after water vapour separates, and freely falling body enters conveying mechanism.Because the difference in height between conveying mechanism and the cutting knife can guarantee like this that at 0.5-3 rice soft swelling granular is not clashed into by fierceness.Swelling granular keeps on conveying mechanism and stable a period of time, during this period of time scope between 3～60 seconds.After during this period of time, after the capability improving of the anti-collision of swelling granular, enter dryer again, can guarantee that swelling granular is indeformable.
Below be to detect the contrast test that related data is carried out according to prior art and the present invention:
Utilize the equipment of a prior art to carry out pilot production, obtain relevant parameter.The equipment that comprises in the existing technology comprises: equipment such as broken arch feeding bin, quality-adjusting device, bulking machine, dryer.
The prescription of material sees Table one, and the material grinding fineness is 95% by 80 mesh sieves, and 99.5% crosses 60 mesh sieves, and 100% crosses 60 mesh sieves.
In the prior art and in technology of the present invention, the modified time of material in quality-adjusting device all is 3 minutes, and temperature all is 95 ℃, and moisture all is 24.5%.Material cuts after bulking machine pushes through entering after modified.
The prescription of table one material
| The composition of mixed material | Percentage by weight |
| Dregs of beans | 27 |
| Wheat flour | 25 |
| Wheat bran | 18 |
| The young cake of dish | 27 |
| |
3 |
| Add up to | 100 |
In prior art one, dryer is installed in the below of bulking machine, and material cutting back directly enters dryer by airtight pipeline.Moisture when swelling granular enters dryer is 24%, and the temperature when swelling granular reaches dryer is 75 ℃.Regulate the technical parameter of dryer, guarantee that swelling granular is 10% through the moisture content of finished products behind the dryer.Dryer adopts saturated vapor, and the drying course steam consumption quantity is 252kg/t, and promptly drying swelling granular per ton needs the 252kg saturated vapor.Get 200 swelling granulars in the dryer outlet at last, measure the longest diameter of each particle and the difference on the shortest diameter, the particle that otherness reaches more than 10% has 121.
In prior art two, material cutting back delivers into dryer by strength.The motor that strength is carried adopts 22kW, and test is that the production capacity of bulking machine is 4t/h, and swelling granular strength promptly per ton is carried the energy that needs cost 5.5Kw/t.Moisture when swelling granular enters dryer is 21%, and the temperature when swelling granular reaches dryer is 25 ℃.Regulate the technical parameter of dryer, guarantee that swelling granular is 10% through the moisture content of finished products behind the dryer.Dryer adopts saturated vapor, and the drying course steam consumption quantity is 231kg/t, and the swelling granular of promptly drying a ton needs the 231kg saturated vapor.Get 200 swelling granulars in the dryer outlet at last, measure the longest diameter of each particle and the difference on the shortest diameter, the particle that otherness reaches more than 10% has 156.
Utilize the present invention (embodiment one) to test
Test one:
Material is through after cutting, and air-flow passes from the swelling granular that is scattered here and there.The temperature of air-flow is being 25 ℃, and the wind speed of air-flow is at 3 meter per seconds.The swelling granular freely falling body enters conveying mechanism.Difference in height between the charging aperture of conveying mechanism and the cutting is 0.5 meter.Swelling granular kept on conveying mechanism 20 seconds, afterwards in the dryer that enters by gravity downstairs.
Air-flow is provided by blower fan, power of fan 2.2KW, and conveying mechanism driving power 1.5KW, system's production capacity is 4 tons/hour, is 0.925kW/t at the power consumption of this part.
Moisture when swelling granular enters dryer is 19.5%, and the temperature when swelling granular arrives dryer is 55 ℃.Regulate the technical parameter of dryer, guarantee that swelling granular is 10% through the moisture content of finished products behind the dryer.Dryer adopts saturated vapor, and the drying course steam consumption quantity is 195kg/t, and promptly drying swelling granular per ton needs the 195kg saturated vapor.Get 200 swelling granulars in the dryer outlet at last, measure the longest diameter of each particle and the difference on the shortest diameter, the particle that otherness reaches more than 10% has 15.
Test two:
Material is through after cutting, and air-flow passes from the swelling granular that is scattered here and there.The temperature of air-flow is being 90 ℃, and the wind speed of air-flow is at 3 meter per seconds.The swelling granular freely falling body enters conveying mechanism.Difference in height between the charging aperture of conveying mechanism and the cutting is 1.5 meters.Swelling granular kept on conveying mechanism 55 seconds, was entering in the dryer by gravity afterwards.
Air-flow is provided by blower fan, power of fan 2.2KW, and conveying mechanism driving power 1.5KW, system's production capacity is 4 tons/hour, is 0.925kW/t at the power consumption of this part.Hot blast is provided by heat exchanger, and consumption steam is 50kg/h, and swelling granular promptly per ton consumes steam 12.5kg.
Moisture when swelling granular enters dryer is 19.4%, and the temperature when swelling granular arrives dryer is 81 ℃.Regulate the technical parameter of dryer, guarantee that swelling granular is 10% through the moisture content of finished products behind the dryer.Dryer adopts saturated vapor, and the drying course steam consumption quantity is 176kg/t, and promptly drying swelling granular per ton needs the 176kg saturated vapor.Get 200 swelling granulars in the dryer outlet at last, measure the longest diameter of each particle and the difference on the shortest diameter, the particle that otherness reaches more than 10% has 14.
More than Ce Shi data gather as table two,
The table two test data table of comparisons
As can be seen, adopt the device of embodiment 1 to carry out the processing of swelling granular, the steam consumption of dryer obviously reduces.
Through further in larger scope contrast test, can obtain as drawing a conclusion:
1) difference in height between cutting knife and the conveying mechanism is advisable with 0.5-3 rice, less than 0.5 meter, can influence the setting of cutting knife, air inlet, heat exchanger, and greater than 3 meters, swelling granular is easily deformable.But between is chosen, and should choose smaller value when the swelling granular after the cutting is softer, when cutting back swelling granular material is hard, can choose higher value.
2) from gas channel, feed 35-165 ℃ air-flow, air-flow velocity 0.1-10m/s, gas flow temperature is high more, and the drying effect before arriving dryer is good more, but gas flow temperature is subjected to the restriction of material characteristic, should not surpass 165 ℃, in order to avoid influence the curing degree of material; In the 0.1-10m/s scope, air-flow velocity is high more, and drying effect is good more, but adds the also corresponding increase of the required energy consumption of warm air, cross high flow rate in addition and can blow away material, therefore, should be below 10m/s, air velocity also should not be low excessively, cross low flow velocity and can not take away the steam of flash distillation, do not reach effect of the present invention, evidence is to be advisable more than the 0.1m/s; When air flow direction was opposite with the expanded material direction of motion, drying effect was best, and when air flow direction was identical with the expanded material direction of motion, drying effect was poor slightly, and air-flow accompaniment materials flow road is long more, and drying effect is good more.
3) swelling granular time of staying in conveying mechanism long more, drying effect is good more, simultaneously, swelling granular is more not yielding, but along with the prolongation of the time of staying, the reduction that may bring output, the comprehensive economy variation is got below the 60s and is advisable; As stop too short, the swelling granular insufficient strength, in entering the process of oven dry oven dry, swelling granular is easily deformable, therefore, should guarantee to stop more than the 3s in conveying mechanism.
Claims (10)
1. water-containing material extrusion drying unit, comprise bulking machine and dryer, the discharging opening of bulking machine is provided with cutting knife, it is characterized in that: the discharging opening of described cutting knife and bulking machine is arranged in the cylindrical shell, the cylindrical shell lower end is provided with conveying mechanism, the conveying mechanism front end is corresponding with the cylindrical shell lower end, the corresponding connection of charging aperture of conveying mechanism tail end and described dryer; Cylindrical shell is provided with and can makes air-flow blow over the gas channel of cutting zone.
2. a kind of water-containing material extrusion drying unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described conveying mechanism top is provided with the insulation case.
3. a kind of water-containing material extrusion drying unit according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described gas channel comprises the air outlet of cylindrical shell top setting, the air inlet that cylindrical shell lower end one side is provided with, and described air inlet correspondence is provided with blower fan.
4. a kind of water-containing material extrusion drying unit according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described air inlet inboard is provided with heat exchanger, the corresponding backgauge web plate that is connected with the air inlet position on the described cylindrical shell.
5. a kind of water-containing material extrusion drying unit according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described gas channel comprises the air outlet of cylindrical shell top setting, the air inlet that cylindrical shell lower end one side is provided with, and described air inlet is arranged on insulation case upside.
6. a kind of water-containing material extrusion drying unit according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described gas channel comprises the air inlet that is provided with on the insulation case of air outlet that the cylindrical shell top is provided with and conveying mechanism tail end correspondence.
7. a kind of water-containing material extrusion drying unit according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described gas channel comprises the air outlet that the cylindrical shell top is provided with and is upward through the air intake passage of conveying mechanism.
8. a kind of water-containing material extrusion drying unit according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described gas channel comprises the air inlet that the cylindrical shell top is provided with, and leaves air outlet between described conveying mechanism tail end and the insulation case.
9. according to claim 1,2,4,5,6,7,8 any described a kind of water-containing material extrusion drying units, it is characterized in that: described insulation case is provided with and the corresponding Adjustable device aerofoil of conveying mechanism.
10. a furnace drying method that utilizes water-containing material extrusion drying unit is characterized in that comprising the steps:
When 1) bulking machine was worked, cutting knife cut off the material of extruding, and forms some particles, and drops in cylindrical shell at the conveying mechanism front end;
2) from gas channel, feed 35-165 ℃ air-flow, air-flow velocity 0.1-10m/s, the swelling granular that air-flow is blown over falling in the cutting zone;
3) by conveying mechanism the swelling granular that falls is transported in the dryer under keeping warm mode and dries, swelling granular time of staying in conveying mechanism is 3-60s.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN103722762A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-16 | 吴孔根 | Rubbish crushing, hydraulic squeezing, dewatering, drying and separating all-in-one machine |
| CN106213550A (en) * | 2016-09-25 | 2016-12-14 | 潘春燕 | A kind of forage compounding conveying machining robot |
| CN116159843A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-05-26 | 江苏丰尚油脂工程技术有限公司 | Oil byproduct processing equipment and processing method |
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| CN116159843A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-05-26 | 江苏丰尚油脂工程技术有限公司 | Oil byproduct processing equipment and processing method |
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