CN102158294B

CN102158294B - Cognitive wireless network system and method for transmitting cognitive streams thereof

Info

Publication number: CN102158294B
Application number: CN2011100460904A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 牛凯; 宋涛; 贺志强; 许文俊; 王强; 林家儒
Original assignee: Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
Current assignee: Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
Priority date: 2011-02-25
Filing date: 2011-02-25
Publication date: 2013-06-05
Anticipated expiration: 2031-02-25
Also published as: CN102158294A

Abstract

The invention relates to a cognitive wireless network system with a cognitive radio function and a method for transmitting cognitive streams thereof. Base stations or wireless access points and terminals of the cognitive wireless network are all additionally provided with corresponding functional entities at a physical layer, a radio link layer and a high layer through a layering protocol stack, a centralized physical transmission channel and a distributed physical transmission channel are respectively established, based on a general control channel of the cognitive streams, data and parameters obtained by cognitive nodes through a physical channel are unifiedly represented as information which can be processed by the functional entities for intelligence reasoning and decision-making in the wireless system, and efficient, integral and reliable transmission scheme for cognitive information is realized by joint processing of the functional entities and the channels to lay a foundation for intelligent decision-making and dynamic reconfiguration inside the cognitive nodes in a network. In the invention, as a layering realization mechanism is adopted, the cognitive wireless network system can be flexibly adapted to changes of the network structure and the wireless environment; in addition, the cognitive wireless network system disclosed by the invention is highly compatible with the existing wireless protocol structure, thus having good popularization and application prospects.

Description

The transmission method of cognitive wireless network system and cognitive streams thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to cognitive radio technology, exactly, relate to the method for a kind of cognitive wireless network system and transmitting cognitive thereof stream, belong to the technical field of wireless communication system network layer data transmission.

Background technology

In cognition wireless network, obtain that in network, the relevant information of different levels is basic demands of its cognitive function, be also the prerequisite of carrying out intelligent decision and network reconfiguration.Although the node in cognition wireless network all has more senior, more intelligent information processing and network reconfiguration ability, but, the basis of bringing into play these cognitive new technologies is obtaining information and transmission information, therefore, adopt which kind of mode, what step to realize that effective transmission of cognitive information is a underlying issue in cognitive radio networks with.

Cognitive information is that cognitive wireless network system is (referring to applicant's Chinese patent application " a kind of Intelligent cognitive wireless network system of realizing heterogeneous network converged ", its patent No. is 201110028811.9) in each local module or peer node between carry out mutual various information (measurement data and mutual control information that comprise wireless environment, concrete business), cognitive wireless network system is also the main carriers that cognitive loop (Cognitive Cycle) is moved.

Usually network is based on transmission and the peer to peer interaction that predefined protocol specification is completed control information and business datum, and this transmission and processing procedure to having the same type characteristic information consists of so-called " controlling stream " and " Business Stream ".Similarly, in cognition wireless network, transmission and the processing procedure of cognitive information also consisted of its distinctive " cognitive streams ".The transmission of " cognitive streams " has two classes: a class is in the Cognitive Information Processing Based of cognitive nodes local (Local) between each functional module, the primitives interoperation (Primitive) between module and protocol layer interface, and this process depends on the concrete function between modules.Another kind of is exactly cognitive streams between each cognitive nodes, also namely contains transmission and the processing of data flow between each node of cognitive information.The transmission that how to realize cognitive streams is a critical underlying issue, a class transmission after emphasis of the present invention solves.

The transmission of relevant cognitive information, the emphasis of academia is based on the frequency spectrum detection technology, perhaps studies media access control (the Media Access Control) mechanism of cognitive radio (Cognitive Radio) nodes.Although present cognitive wireless network system has proposed more wide in range and abstract demand for how obtaining cognitive information, but, so far also do not provide concrete cognitive information transmission and processing method for possible network scenarios, support namely that also not yet someone proposes so far for the concrete grammar of cognitive streams transmission.

Therefore, there is following shortcoming in prior art: the cognitive wireless network system that proposes at present all lacks concrete efficient system for the transmission of cognitive streams with management and dissolves certainly scheme and implementation method, and, existing transmission method and system thereof be used to realizing cognitive information control stream or cognitive Business Stream, all be not suitable for the transmission of cognitive streams in cognitive wireless network system, also not for the network organization type that may occur (distributed or centralized), provide the transmission controlling mechanism of rational cognitive streams.Naturally, these problems just become the focus problem of scientific and technical personnel's concern in the industry.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of the have cognitive wireless network system of cognitive radio function and the transmission method of cognitive streams thereof, the method is to design by hierarchy, for under complex network environment between each cognitive nodes the transmission of cognitive streams efficient, complete, reliable embodiment is provided, for intelligent decision and the dynamic restructuring of each cognitive nodes inside in network provides the basis.

in order to reach the foregoing invention purpose, the invention provides a kind of cognitive wireless network system with cognitive radio (Cognitive Radio) function, comprise base station or WAP (wireless access point) (Access Point), and user terminal (User Equipment), it is characterized in that: described base station or WAP (wireless access point), terminal all has cognitive radio function, and all adopt respectively layered protocol stack in its physical layer, radio link layer and high level are set up functional entity and are built respectively centralized and distributed used physical transmission channel, and based on the general controls channel of cognitive streams, the data that cognitive nodes is obtained by physical channel and parameter all Unified Characterization are the information that in cognitive radio system, each functional entity of intelligent inference and decision-making can be processed, pass through again the Combined Treatment of each functional entity and channel, realize the efficient of cognitive information, transmitting, wherein,

High level is responsible for resolving and processing business datum or control information, so that it is compatible mutually with existing layered protocol structure, and the interactive operation that the employing layering is decomposed cognitive nodes realizes effectively controlling and optimizing with reliable; Be provided with cognitive information Unified Characterization entity and tradition control/service message translation interface that direct connection has each cognitive function unit of cross-layer reconstruct and intelligent decision; Wherein, cognitive information Unified Characterization entity is responsible in grammatical levels, the cognitive information content and structure being adopted and is comprised network ontology language OWL(Web Ontology Language) or meaning of one's words rule language SWRL(Semantic Web Rule Language) the universal architecture Ontology Language realize that normalization describes; Syntax format extension-based mark language XML (eXtensible Markup Language) because of these two kinds of semantic express language, therefore cognitive information Unified Characterization entity adopts XML to unify the cognitive information form, can be in reasoning and the study of syntactic level support based on strategy (Policy-based) or case (Case-based) intelligent cognition system; Tradition control/service message translation interface is responsible for the cognitive information that does not adopt Unified Characterization to describe from traditional network is converted to traditional chain of command/service surface message;

Radio link layer is used for the packet of management different types of information: comprise generating with the packet format of resolution data bag, carrying out based on Radio Resource and transmission demand the various transformation parameters that scheduling and controlling is carried out physical layer transceiver; Because of the information content and the difference of transmission quality of carrying huge, therefore radio link layer is provided with the transmission of management cognition information control flow and cognitive Business Stream respectively of following four kinds of difference in functionality entities: cognitive streams dedicated logical channel CFCH(Cognitive Flow Logic CHannel), cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity CFME(Cognitive Flow Management Entity), cognitive streams dedicated transmission channel CFTrCH(Cognitive Flow Traffic CHannel) and conventional transmission channel TrCH(Traffic CHannel); And can increase logical channel type identification by Extended Protocol to the conventional link management entity, be used for supporting cognitive information is carried on the conventional transmission channel with the traditional data packet form;

Physical layer is responsible for the measurement operation of frequency spectrum perception and detection, and physics is received and dispatched the enforcement with transmission plan of reshuffling of parameter; For adapting to dynamic, complicated network environment and being complementary with dedicated transmission channel CFTrCH, be provided with cognitive Dedicated Physical Data Channel C-DPDCH(CR-Dedicated Physical Data Channel) and cognitive Dedicated Physical Control Channel C-DPCCH(CR-Dedicated Physical Control Channel), the former is based on the dedicated bearer channel of the cognitive information packet of cognitive radio/software and radio technique, has very high link circuit self-adapting ability; The latter is used for the reception ﹠ disposal of Correspondent Node and sets up the Aided Physical link, and the various transformation parameters of carrying cognitive information packet.

Described cognitive information characteristics are numerous and diverse, tediously long, dynamic change is strong, the various information that comprise network state, Internet resources and offered load from heterogeneous network, the wireless environment that perceives, network environment, comprise user's request, environmental characteristic, network and user's configuration parameter and the information of performance, and each layer information of power, interference, code word and subcarrier that comprises schedule information, transport block format, retransmission information and queue length, the physical layer of routing iinformation, the link layer of network congestion information, the network layer of transport layer from cognitive nodes inside; After adopting the mathematical character of unified, complete, standard, science, cognitive information just forms the set of the discrete environment sight parameter that can quantize, identify.

In described radio link layer, the function of four different entities is:

Cognitive streams dedicated logical channel CFCH is the logic channel between radio link layer and high level, and the cognitive information packet after being used for radio link layer is resolved directly passes to high-rise cognitive information Unified Characterization entity by this logic channel quickly and efficiently;

Cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity CFME is the critical component of controlling process mutual between cognitive nodes, take the cognitive information packet as object, have two aspect functions: be responsible for processing and generating internodal cognitive streams control message, comprise request for building link/response, the request of the Radio Resource that is formed by idle frequency band and transmission time/confirmation; And mutual based between local cognitive nodes, configuration local wireless layer and the physical layer transformation parameter to cognitive streams: in the transmission quality requirements of radio link layer according to the cognitive information packet, selection utilizes the Extended Protocol mode to send by conventional transmission/physical channel, perhaps sends by special-purpose cognitive information processing data packets entity; According to frequency spectrum perception and radio environment measurements result, physical layer configurations is comprised physical channel and transmitting-receiving mode with outer public frequency range or authorized frequency bands cavity selection;

Cognitive streams dedicated transmission channel CFTrCH and conventional transmission channel TrCH, all be used as the transmission channel between radio link layer and physical layer, cognitive streams dedicated transmission channel CFTrCH is corresponding with the cognitive DPCH of physical layer, be the channel type that meets cognitive information data packet transmission characteristic demand fully, and support to be delivered to from the cognitive information in traditional physical channel cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity; Conventional transmission channel TrCH is the passage that meets existing protocol standard, transport service stream or control stream packets, under the compatible extensions pattern, also is used for the conventional data packet that transmission comprises cognitive information.

The course of work of described cognitive information Unified Characterization entity is: when sending cognitive information, the cognitive information that comprises parameter and logic that first will meet OWL logical description rule sends to the OWL/XML coding module, after according to the XML form, cognitive information being converted to OWL/XML message by this coding module, be the cognitive information bit by the bit information mapping block with the XML message conversion, pass to again the packet administration module of link layer via the cognitive streams dedicated logical channel, generate cognitive information packet to be sent; Receiving the cognitive information process data packet is above-mentioned reverse process process, by flag attribute and the parameter value in the corresponding cognitive information of OWL/XML parsing module extraction.

In order to reach the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention also provides a kind of cognitive streams transmission method that adopts cognitive wireless network system of the present invention, it is characterized in that: first measure and relate to the base station distribution of current location, the various web-based history information of primary user's average interference intensity based on frequency spectrum perception by cognitive nodes, obtaining current local wireless environmental information; Be positioned at cognitive streams transmission dedicated management this local wireless environmental information of entity analysis and each node transmission demand of link layer, enter centralized or distributed network mode of operation according to setting the corresponding selection of criterion, and each corresponding functional entity and the configuration parameter of channel are set, namely cognitive streams transmits control command; Resource-constrained except unprovoked, in the time of can't successfully accessing the centralized network mode of operation, just transfer the distributed network mode of operation to and carry out corresponding cognitive streams transmission control command; Then, each layer function entity and channel are all carried out its transmission control operation according to parameters respectively; In case the link transmission failure occurs, restart to carry out said process.

Described method comprises following operating procedure:

(1) cognitive local wireless environment: the physical layer of cognitive terminal is by the measurement of frequency spectrum perception, but detection obtains comprising the every terms of information of current available band of the frequency spectrum reliability of the situation that takies of interim frequency spectrum cavity-pocket, unlicensed band of authorized user and the holding time estimated, after processing to received signal simultaneously, cognitive data packet delivery to cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity, is extracted the cognitive broadcast message that wherein may comprise;

(2) the cognitive streams transmission control unit is analyzed and decision-making network environment: the cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity of cognitive terminal is analyzed current network and whether is had the cognitive base station of cognitive nodes being carried out centralized auxiliary control based on the cognitive result of local wireless environment; If exist, preferentially select the centralized network mode of operation, reduce autonomous the detection and the workload of decision-making, to simplify and process and the saving power consumption, more how mutual by with the base station realized the cognition of network environment and the decision-making of transmission policy; If there is no, enter the distributed network mode of operation, keep relatively high-quality measurement and self adaptation ability to work, realize mutual and the transmission of data with node discovery mechanism and all mid-side nodes;

(3) cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity configures the transformation parameter of cognitive streams based on selected network mode of operation: comprise the mode of radio link layer processing cognitive information packet, mode and the transmission channel kinds of physical layer carrying physical channel;

(4) standard and defined cognitive flow transmission control message: complete the transmission control of cognitive streams between the cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity of each cognitive nodes by mutual cognitive streams transmitting control message.

When cognitive nodes detects two kinds of network working forms and all exists, because of the centralized downlink broadcast channel that can provide as extra control channel, therefore cognitive nodes should be based on the preferential choice set Chinese style of fail-safe analysis mode of operation, to reduce local expense; When only having access failure, just transfer the distributed work pattern to; Described fail-safe analysis is that cognitive nodes is based on the distribution situation of cognitive current other cognitive nodes that arrive, the bearing capacity of cognitive base station, the frequency spectrum available resources, and the various information of the transmission quality requirements of cognitive streams, infer that cognitive base station can provide the reliability of continuous service, to avoid the frequent switching of state; Then, cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity is based on selected network schemer, and the configuration cognitive streams transmits cognitive information processing data packets mode, the physical channel bearing mode of physical layer and the various parameters of transmission channel kinds of the radio link layer of process.

In described step (2), there is cognitive base station when detecting, and cognitive nodes can read the network information of dedicated broadcast channel, get comprise that cognitive base station detects in a big way in dynamic spectrum information, enliven link information can not local direct cognitive various information the time, the cognitive nodes under the centralized network mode of operation and the interaction flow of base station are:

(21) cognitive nodes is based on the broadcast message of cognitive base station, but again in conjunction with comprising the various local cognitive information of the frequency range holding time of local available frequency band, estimation with node distribution on every side, and the feasibility of access distributed mode estimates, centralizedly make the access decision-making for criterion to pay the utmost attention to: cognitive nodes comprises the access request of the corresponding information of transmission demand, local wireless environment and distributed access chance to the transmission of cognitive base station;

(22) the special-purpose controlled entity of the cognitive streams in cognitive base station adopts centralized media access control MAC mechanism, to all access request prioritization, after making the access control decision-making and distributing corresponding resource, broadcasts this access decision information; Described MAC mechanism is take competitive mode as the basis or adopts Game Theory;

(23) if allow access, the special-purpose controlled entity of the cognitive streams in cognitive nodes according to the resource of distributing, reconfigures each functional entity and the channel of link layer and physical layer, sets up transmission link; If this access failure is postponed centralized access, or transfer distributed access module to when satisfying corresponding conditions;

When cognitive nodes does not detect cognitive base station, perhaps do not satisfy centralized access conditions, the cognitive nodes under the distributed network mode of operation and the interaction flow of base station be:

(2A) node is carried out local wireless environment cognitive operation based on frequency spectrum perception, and sends access request on selected usable spectrum, starts simultaneously the timing of wait-for-response; Set timing thresholding T if surpass _Resend, retransmit this access request; If surpassing, sending times sets access number of times thresholding N _Restart, again detect wireless environment and selected new spectrum position;

After (2B) other cognitive nodes receive access request, whether determine feedback response according to its destination locations; If self be destination node, generate the access response, and fill in comprising resource according to local cognitive information and can wait for situation and destination node the relevant information of timeliness, to support source node to the estimation of transmission link reliability;

If (2C) source node is at setting-up time window (N _Restart* T _Resend) in receive access response, complete in this message sets timeliness scope and analyze and generate admission confirm, and during higher and coupling corresponding to the transmission demand, send the admission confirm that this comprises reconfiguration information at transmission reliability; Otherwise, send the admission confirm of cancelling the access response or postponing the access response;

If (2D) destination node receives admission confirm, according to information wherein, cognitive streams transfer function entity and channel are reshuffled; If do not receive admission confirm, this operation failure.

In described step (3), radio link layer processes the cognitive information packet and physical layer carrying bit stream all is provided with following dual mode:

The compatible extensions mode is based on existing traditional function entity and channel, carries the cognitive information packet by protocol extension: link layer expansion available data bag processing protocol increases the sign that guides to the cognitive streams dedicated logical channel; Physical layer is used conventional transmission channel and physical channel carrying, and cognitive information is processed as conventional data packet; The protocol compatibility of this mode is strong, but transmission performance is subject to the conventional transmission controlled entity;

The special module mode is to increase respectively the physical data channel of the direct carrying cognitive information packet of cognitive special use in physical layer, and is used for the information packet transmission link is realized auxiliary control and maintenance, the physical control channel of bearing link interactive information; These two cognitive DPCH are mapped to the cognitive streams dedicated transmission channel, need to set up special function entity and channel, in order to satisfy to greatest extent the demand of cognitive information transmission.

Described cognitive streams transmitting control message is provided with following three kinds:

Link control message LinkCtrlMsg, be used for to confirm and the internodal communication link of management cognition, comprising: link establishment or removal request, link establishment or deletion response, link state inquiry, link configuration update request or/respond and the link failure Indication message;

Resource requirement or negotiation message ResNegMsg, be used for the request that relates to allocation of radio resources or response that node is consulted or broadcasted, comprise: the relevant information of local usable spectrum status message, local frequency spectrum resource requirement message, spectrum reservation request or response, local primary user's interference strength and centralised allocation scheme;

Cognitive information inquiry or feedback message CogInfoInq/FedMsg are used for obtaining the cognitive information of other nodes and comprise decision history inquiry or response, the inquiry of the various cognitive abilities of reasoning mode of learning and Cross-layer adaptive ability or the information of feedback message:.

The key point of the technology of the present invention innovation is: in the layered protocol of network system of the present invention is controlled framework, each functional module is set, and realized and the transmitting procedure of controlling cognitive streams by it, based on this layered protocol structure, realize compatible extensions scheme and special module scheme that cognitive streams transmission is controlled, and the correlation process method under distributed and centralized two kinds of network schemers that transmission is controlled for cognitive streams.

Advantage of the present invention is: to the transfer management of cognitive information in cognitive wireless network system, provide a kind of concrete, efficient system implementation method; The method takes into full account cognitive nodes and has distributed and centralized two kinds of network topology patterns, and has provided the control method of the cognitive streams transmission under the corresponding modes; Adopt the layering realization mechanism, can adapt to neatly the variation of network configuration and wireless environment, and have very high compatibility with existing wireless protocols structure, therefore, have good popularizing application prospect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is layering peer-to-peer communications schematic diagram in cognition wireless network,

Fig. 2 is the cognitive wireless network system structure composition diagram that the present invention has cognitive radio function.

Fig. 3 is internal structure and the course of work schematic diagram thereof of cognitive information Unified Characterization entity of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the flow chart that cognitive streams transmission of the present invention is controlled.

Fig. 5 is the interaction diagrams that under Centralized Mode, the cognitive streams transmission is controlled.

Fig. 6 is the interaction diagrams that under distributed mode, the cognitive streams transmission is controlled.

Fig. 7 is the network system scene schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is that the embodiment of the present invention adopts the schematic diagram of compatible extensions scheme under the centralized network pattern.

Fig. 9 is that the embodiment of the present invention adopts the schematic diagram of special module scheme under the distributed network pattern.

Embodiment

For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

The cognitive wireless network system that the present invention has a cognitive radio function (Cognitive Radio) is widely used in having WAP (wireless access point) or the base station that has cognitive radio function in the current wireless network system of cognitive radio function and future wireless network system, and the user terminal with cognitive radio function.Each network element of the present invention all adopts the layered protocol stack design philosophy, support centralized and distributed network to set up used physical transmission channel, and based on cognitive streams general controls channel, cognitive nodes is characterized by the treatable information of the functional entity such as intelligent inference and decision-making in cognitive radio system by data and the improve parameter unification that physical channel obtains.

For the transfer of data on radio open, the designer trends of modern wireless network are to adopt layered protocol stack thought, mainly realize transmission control at link layer and physical layer, and parsing and the processing of how responsible business datum (controlling or data) on the upper strata.Because hierarchical design has following advantage: both compatible existing layered protocols well; Can adopt again layering to decompose and the stages in cognitive nodes reciprocal process is realized controlling effectively, reliably and optimizing.Cognitive streams transmission method therefore of the present invention adopts stratified structure.

Referring to Fig. 1, the function of network system of the present invention mainly is distributed in three levels: physical layer, radio link layer and other high levels, and corresponding functional entity or channel be set respectively in the term of reference of each layer, by the Combined Treatment of each functional entity and channel, can realize efficient, the transmitting of cognitive information.

The cognitive information that system of the present invention processes comprises: from the various information of network state, Internet resources and the offered load of heterogeneous network, the information such as the wireless environment that perceives, network environment, the configuration parameter that comprises user's request, environmental characteristic, network and user and performance, and from each layer information of cognitive nodes inside (as the network congestion information of transport layer, the routing iinformation of network layer, the schedule information of link layer, transport block format, retransmission information and queue length, the information such as the power of physical layer, interference, code word, subcarrier).The characteristics of these information are numerous and diverse, tediously long, and dynamic change is strong, and after needing the mathematical character by unified, complete, standard, science, formation can quantize, the set of discernible discrete environment sight.

Referring to Fig. 2, main functional modules and the method for work thereof of each level of network system of the present invention described respectively.

High level is responsible for resolving and processing cognitive streams data or control signal, so that its compatible existing layered protocol structure, and the interactive operation of adopting layering to decompose cognitive nodes realizes controlling effectively, reliably and optimizing; Be provided with cognitive information Unified Characterization entity, it directly connects each cognitive function unit with cross-layer reconstruct and intelligent decision, and tradition control/service message translation interface; Wherein, cognitive information Unified Characterization entity is responsible for adopting general structuring body (Ontology) language to realize the normalization description in grammatical levels to the cognitive information content and structure.For example, Adoption Network Ontology Language OWL(Web Ontology Language) or meaning of one's words rule language SWRL(Semantic Web Rule Language) etc.Syntax format extension-based mark language XML because of these semantic express language, therefore cognitive information Unified Characterization entity adopts XML to unify the cognitive information form, can be at sign and the inference mechanism of syntactic level support based on the intelligent cognition knowledge of strategy (Policy-based) or case (Case-based).It should be noted that: the implication of the not responsible cognitive information of this entity and the management of logic, just complete the format statement of information or resolve.

Tradition control/service message translation interface is responsible for the cognitive information that does not adopt Unified Characterization to describe from traditional network is converted to traditional chain of command/service surface message.

referring to Fig. 3, introduce internal structure and the course of work thereof of this cognitive information Unified Characterization entity: when sending cognitive information, elder generation sends to the OWL/XML coding module by the cognitive information that comprises parameter and logic that epistemic logic reasoning/unit will meet OWL logical description rule, after according to the XML form, cognitive information being converted to OWL/XML message by this coding module, be the cognitive information bit by the bit information mapping block with the XML message conversion, pass to again the packet administration module of link layer via the cognitive streams dedicated logical channel, generate cognitive information packet to be sent.The process that receives the cognitive information packet is above-mentioned reverse process process, need to be by flag attribute and the parameter value in the corresponding cognitive information of OWL/XML parsing module extraction.

Radio link layer is used for the packet of management different types of information: comprise generating with the packet format of resolution data bag, based on the dispatching management of Radio Resource and transmission demand, to the various transformation parameter execution control functions of physical layer transceiver; The content of the cognitive information that cause is carried usually and the difference of transmission quality are very huge, therefore radio link layer need to be set up following different functional entity difference management cognition information control flow and the transmission of cognitive Business Stream:

(A) cognitive streams dedicated logical channel CFCH(Cognitive Flow Logic CHannel): as the logic channel between radio link layer and high level, with set both between transmit resolve via radio link layer after the cognitive information packet directly pass to high-rise cognitive information Unified Characterization entity by this logic channel quickly and efficiently.

(B) cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity CFME(Cognitive Flow Management Entity): as the most important critical component of controlling reciprocal process between cognitive nodes, this entity is take the cognitive information packet as processing object, possess two kinds of functions: a kind of is to be responsible for processing and generating internodal cognitive streams control message, comprise request for building link/response, the request of the Radio Resource that is formed by information such as idle frequency band and transmission times/confirmation.Another kind is based on local cognitive and internodal mutual, configuration local wireless layer and physical layer are to the transformation parameter of cognitive streams (for example: in the transmission quality requirements of radio link layer according to the cognitive information packet, selection utilizes the Extended Protocol mode to send by conventional transmission/physical channel, perhaps sends by special-purpose cognitive information processing data packets entity).Simultaneously, according to frequency spectrum perception and radio environment measurements result, physical layer configurations is comprised physical channel and transmitting-receiving mode with outer public frequency range or authorized frequency bands cavity selection.

(C) based on the conventional link management entity of protocol extension: in some cases, the transmission characteristic demand of cognitive information and traditional data or signaling are similar, can pass through Extended Protocol, increase logical channel type identification and cognitive information is carried on the conventional transmission channel with the traditional data packet form.For example between cognitive nodes about the conception of history measurement information of frequency spectrum current intelligence, help cognitive nodes to carry out reasoning and prediction to local frequency spectrum state, its transmission characteristic is that data volume is large, but reliability requirement is not high, be similar to the traditional business data, therefore can adopt traffic flow pattern that it is carried on the conventional transmission channel.

(D) cognitive streams dedicated transmission channel CFTrCH(Cognitive Flow Traffic CHannel) and conventional transmission channel TrCH(Traffic CHannel): both as the transmission channel between radio link layer and physical layer, the former is corresponding with the cognitive DPCH of physical layer, be the channel type that meets cognitive information data packet transmission characteristic demand fully, and support to be delivered to from the cognitive information in traditional physical channel cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity.The latter is the passage that meets existing protocol standard, transport service stream or control stream packets, under the compatible extensions pattern, also is used for the conventional data packet that transmission comprises cognitive information.

Physical layer is responsible for the measurement operation of frequency spectrum perception and detection, and physics transmitting-receiving parameter reshuffle enforcement with transmission plan.In order to adapt to dynamic, complicated network environment, and be complementary with dedicated transmission channel CFTrCH, be provided with cognitive Dedicated Physical Data Channel C-DPDCH(CR-Dedicated Physical Data Channel) and cognitive Dedicated Physical Control Channel C-DPCCH(CR-Dedicated Physical Control Channel), the former is based on the special-purpose physical carrier channel of the cognitive information packet of cognitive radio/software and radio technique, has very high link circuit self-adapting ability; The latter is used for the reception ﹠ disposal of Correspondent Node and sets up the Aided Physical link, and the various transmission control parameters of carrying cognitive information packet.For example, be used for the reception ﹠ disposal of opposite end, the foundation of Aided Physical link, for example the bag size, retransmit parameter etc.

The below introduces the transmitting procedure of the cognitive streams that network system of the present invention realizes based on its hierarchy: first by cognitive nodes based on measuring (as frequency spectrum perception etc.) and historical information (the network historical information relevant to current location, as base station distribution, primary user's average interference intensity etc.), obtain current local wireless environmental information.Be positioned at radio environment information and the transmission demand thereof of each node submission of cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity analysis of link layer, enter distributed network pattern or centralized network pattern according to setting the corresponding selection of criterion, and the configuration parameter of each functional entity and channel, i.e. cognitive streams transmission control command be set.And, resource-constrained except unprovoked, in the time of can't successfully accessing the centralized network mode of operation, just transfer the distributed network mode of operation to and carry out corresponding cognitive streams transmission control command.Then, each layer function entity and channel are all carried out its transmission control procedures according to parameters; Unsuccessfully wait situation in case link transmission occurs, restart said process.

Referring to Fig. 4, illustrate following each operating procedure of the inventive method:

Step 1, cognitive local wireless environment: the physical layer of cognitive terminal is by the measurement of frequency spectrum perception, but detection obtains comprising the every terms of information of current available band of the frequency spectrum reliability of the situation that takies of interim frequency spectrum cavity-pocket, unlicensed band of authorized user and the holding time estimated, after processing to received signal simultaneously, cognitive data packet delivery to cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity, is extracted the cognitive broadcast message that wherein may comprise.

The cognitive streams transmission control unit considers transmission demand and this locality/common transmission resource of current time, selects rational allocation plan.For example having a plurality of data flow to transmit, and when wherein high to cognitive information real-time demand, can adopt the compatible extensions scheme, the physical channel type in minimizing work is saved processing expenditure.

step 2, the cognitive streams transmission control unit is analyzed and decision-making network environment: the cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity of cognitive terminal is based on the cognitive result of local wireless environment, analyze and judge whether current network exists the cognitive base station of cognitive nodes being carried out centralized auxiliary control, when perhaps cognitive nodes detects two kinds of network working forms and exists simultaneously, be used as extra control channel because of the centralized downlink broadcast channel that can provide, preferentially select the centralized network mode of operation based on fail-safe analysis, reduce the workload of autonomous detection and decision-making and local expense, simplify and process and save power consumption, more how mutual by with the base station, realize the cognition of network environment and the decision-making of transmission policy, when only having access failure or not having centralized base station, just enter the distributed network mode of operation, keep relatively high-quality measurement and self adaptation ability to work, realize mutual and the transmission of data with node discovery mechanism and all mid-side nodes.Fail-safe analysis of the present invention is that cognitive nodes is based on the distribution situation of cognitive current other cognitive nodes that arrive, the bearing capacity of cognitive base station, the frequency spectrum available resources, and the various information of the transmission quality requirements of cognitive streams, infer that cognitive base station can provide the reliability of continuous service, to avoid the frequent switching of state; Then, cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity is based on selected network schemer, and the configuration cognitive streams transmits cognitive information processing data packets mode, the physical channel bearing mode of physical layer and the various parameters of transmission channel kinds of the radio link layer of process.

Centralized network mode of operation in this step is that cognitive nodes detects and has cognitive base station, and can read the network information of dedicated broadcast channel, get comprise that cognitive base station detects in a big way in dynamic spectrum information, enliven link information can not local direct cognitive various information etc.Cognitive nodes under Centralized Mode and the interaction flow of base station are (shown in Figure 5):

(21) cognitive nodes is based on the broadcast message of cognitive base station, again in conjunction with comprising local various local cognitive information (but such as the frequency range holding time of local available frequency band, estimation and node distribution on every side etc.), and the feasibility of access distributed mode estimates, centralizedly make the access decision-making for criterion to pay the utmost attention to: cognitive nodes comprises the access request of the corresponding information of transmission demand, local wireless environment and distributed access chance to the transmission of cognitive base station;

(22) the special-purpose controlled entity of the cognitive streams in cognitive base station adopts centralized media access control MAC mechanism, to all access request prioritization, after making the access control decision-making and distributing corresponding resource, broadcasts this access decision information.Described MAC mechanism is normally take competitive mode as basic or employing Game Theory.

(23) if allow access, the special-purpose controlled entity of the cognitive streams in cognitive nodes according to the resource of distributing, reconfigures each functional entity and the channel of link layer and physical layer, sets up transmission link; If this access failure is postponed centralized access, or transfer distributed access module to when satisfying corresponding conditions.

Distributed network pattern in this step is cognitive base station not detected in cognitive nodes, carries out when perhaps not satisfying centralized access conditions, and the interaction flow of its cognitive nodes and base station or other cognitive nodes is (shown in Figure 6):

(2A) node is carried out the cognitive operation of local wireless environment based on frequency spectrum perception, and sends access request on selected usable spectrum, starts simultaneously the timing of wait-for-response; Set timing thresholding T if surpass _Resend, retransmit this access request; If surpassing, sending times sets access number of times thresholding N _Restart, again detect wireless environment and selected new spectrum position.

After (2B) other cognitive nodes receive access request, whether determine feedback response according to its destination locations; If self be destination node, generate the access response, and fill in comprising resource according to local cognitive information and can wait for situation and destination node the relevant information of timeliness, to support source node to the estimation of transmission link reliability.

If (2C) source node is at setting-up time window (N _Restart* T _Resend) in receive access response, complete in this message sets timeliness scope and analyze and generate admission confirm, and during higher and coupling corresponding to the transmission demand, send the admission confirm that this comprises reconfiguration information at transmission reliability; Otherwise, send the admission confirm of cancelling the access response or postponing the access response.

Step 3, cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity configures the transformation parameter of cognitive streams based on selected network mode of operation: comprise the mode of following two kinds of radio link layers processing cognitive information packet, mode and the transmission channel kinds of physical layer carrying physical channel:

The compatible extensions mode: it is based on existing traditional function entity and channel, carries the cognitive information packet by protocol extension.Specifically in link layer expansion available data bag processing protocol, increase the sign that guides to " cognitive streams dedicated logical channel "; Physical layer is to use conventional transmission channel and physical channel carrying, and cognitive information is processed as conventional data packet; The protocol compatibility of this mode is strong, but transmission performance is subject to the conventional transmission controlled entity.

The special module mode: it is increase respectively cognitive special-purpose data physical channel and control physical channel in physical layer, the former is the physical data channel that directly carries the cognitive information packet, the latter is used for auxiliary control and the maintenance that realizes cognitive information data packet transmission link, bearing link interactive information.These two cognitive DPCH need to be mapped to the cognitive streams dedicated transmission channel, are special function entity and the channel set up, in order to satisfy to greatest extent the demand of cognitive information transmission.

Step 4, standard and defined cognitive flow transmission control message: complete the transmission control of cognitive streams between the cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity of each cognitive nodes by mutual cognitive streams transmitting control message.

In above-mentioned steps 2, the cognitive streams transmission control unit should consider transmission demand and this locality/public transfer resource of current time, selects rational allocation plan.For example there are being a plurality of data flow to transmit, and when wherein high to cognitive information real-time demand, can adopting the compatible extensions scheme, with the physical channel type in minimizing work, saving processing expenditure.

Between the cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity of each node of the present invention, complete the control that cognitive streams is transmitted by interacting message, therefore need to carry out standard to the cognitive streams transmitting control message.The present invention has defined three kinds of cognitive streams transmitting control messages, is respectively described below:

Link control message LinkCtrlMsg, be mainly used in confirming and the internodal communication link of management cognition, comprise: link establishment or removal request, link establishment or deletion response, link state inquiry, link configuration update request or/respond and the link failure Indication message.

Resource requirement or negotiation message ResNegMsg, be mainly used in the request that relates to allocation of radio resources or response that node is consulted or broadcasted, comprise: local usable spectrum status message, local frequency spectrum resource requirement message, spectrum reservation request or response, local primary user's interference strength and centralised allocation scheme etc. relevant information.

Cognitive information inquiry or feedback message CogInfoInq/FedMsg, be mainly used in obtaining cognitive information and other information of other nodes: decision history inquiry or response comprise the inquiry of various cognitive abilities of reasoning mode of learning, Cross-layer adaptive ability or feedback message etc.

The present invention has carried out repeatedly implementing test, below the concise and to the point test situation of describing an embodiment.

Referring to Fig. 7, introduce the application scenarios of the cognition wireless network of embodiment, three, left side cognitive nodes consists of the distributed network pattern of cognitive streams transmission, and the cognitive base station on right side and cognitive nodes consist of the centralized network interactive mode of cognitive streams transmission.

Referring to Fig. 8, introduce at a canonical process that possesses the control cognitive streams transmission method that adopts the network system of the present invention of compatible extensions scheme under the centralized network pattern of cognitive base station and adopt.In figure, the left side is each layering cognitive streams transport management module of cognitive inside of base station, and the right side is the internal module schematic diagram of certain cognitive nodes K.Cognitive nodes under this scene (as the node 4 in Fig. 7) detects and has cognitive base station, and satisfies above-mentioned access criterion.

Because cognitive base station exists, and send broadcast in the dedicated broadcast channel cycle, cognitive nodes just can be initiated access request based on this message on the usable spectrum of appointment.Suppose that cognitive streams transmits demand (data volume, time delay etc.) and there is no very big-difference with the conventional transmitting procedure of controlling stream or data flow, for reducing administration overhead, cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity selection " compatible extensions scheme ", namely the cognitive information packet is included in based on protocol extension at link layer in existing transmission block,, then send to through the processing of conventional physical channel and eat dishes without rice or wine to physical layer by the conventional transmission channel transfer.Cognitive base station also receives by conventional physical channel mode, carries out corresponding inverse operation, after parsing the cognitive information packet, under the control of cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity, sends to the unified statement in upper strata module by the cognitive streams dedicated logical channel.Thereby complete control and the processing procedure of cognitive streams transmission, extract information needed by each the concrete module in the intelligent cognition function structure subsequently.

Again referring to Fig. 9, introduce under distributed network pattern network system of the present invention and control a canonical process of cognitive streams transmission: in figure, the left side is the layering cognitive streams transport management module of cognitive nodes A, and the right side is the internal module schematic diagram of cognitive nodes B.There is not cognitive base station in this scene explanation, and perhaps cognitive base station exists but can not satisfy above-mentioned access criterion, and perhaps the cognitive nodes access failure, finally all transfer distributed network pattern (as the node 1 and 2 in Fig. 7) to.

Under distributed scene, need more dynamic interaction between node, and the processing delay reliability requirement of initial message is higher, data volume is less; But after the link establishment success, because node needs more local analytics and decision-making, so the transmission requirement of cognitive information packet also will be higher than normal flow.Therefore suppose here that cognitive streams dedicated management entity selects " special module scheme " based on above-mentioned consideration, directly be responsible for the processing data packets of link layer by this entity, and send transmission block by dedicated transmission channel to the special-purpose cognitive physics data channel of physical layer, configure simultaneously cognitive Dedicated Physical Control Channel.Adopt similar inverse operation to obtain the cognitive information packet at Correspondent Node.This packet or comprise the required cognitive information in upper strata must pass to the upper strata through the cognitive streams dedicated logical channel; Or at the mutual control message of link layer dedicated management inter-entity, as previously mentioned, comprise the link control message, resource management message, cognitive information inquiry/feedback message.

The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of making, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. the cognitive wireless network system with cognitive radio function, comprise base station or WAP (wireless access point), and user terminal, it is characterized in that: described base station or WAP (wireless access point), terminal all has cognitive radio function, and all adopt respectively layered protocol stack in its physical layer, radio link layer and high level are set up functional entity and are built respectively centralized and distributed used physical transmission channel, and based on the general controls channel of cognitive streams, the data that cognitive nodes is obtained by physical channel and parameter all Unified Characterization are the information that in cognitive radio system, each functional entity of intelligent inference and decision-making can be processed, pass through again the Combined Treatment of each functional entity and channel, realize the efficient of cognitive information, transmitting, wherein,

High level is responsible for resolving and processing business datum or control information, so that it is compatible mutually with existing layered protocol structure, and the interactive operation that the employing layering is decomposed cognitive nodes realizes effectively controlling and optimizing with reliable; Be provided with cognitive information Unified Characterization entity and tradition control/service message translation interface that direct connection has each cognitive function unit of cross-layer reconstruct and intelligent decision; Wherein, cognitive information Unified Characterization entity is responsible for adopting the universal architecture Ontology Language that comprises network ontology language OWL or meaning of one's words rule language SWRL to realize the normalization description in grammatical levels to the cognitive information content and structure; Because of the syntax format extension-based mark language XML of these two kinds of semantic express language, therefore cognitive information Unified Characterization entity adopts XML to unify the cognitive information form, can be in reasoning and the study of syntactic level support based on strategy or case intelligent cognition system; Tradition control/service message translation interface is responsible for the cognitive information that does not adopt Unified Characterization to describe from traditional network is converted to traditional chain of command/service surface message;

Radio link layer is used for the packet of management different types of information: comprise generating with the packet format of resolution data bag, carrying out based on Radio Resource and transmission demand the various transformation parameters that scheduling and controlling is carried out physical layer transceiver; Because of the information content and the difference of transmission quality of carrying huge, therefore radio link layer is provided with the transmission of management cognition information control flow and cognitive Business Stream respectively of following four kinds of difference in functionality entities: cognitive streams dedicated logical channel CFCH, cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity CFME, cognitive streams dedicated transmission channel CFTrCH and conventional transmission channel TrCH; And can increase logical channel type identification by Extended Protocol to the conventional link management entity, be used for supporting cognitive information is carried on the conventional transmission channel with the traditional data packet form;

Physical layer is responsible for the measurement operation of frequency spectrum perception and detection, and physics is received and dispatched the enforcement with transmission plan of reshuffling of parameter; For adapting to dynamic, complicated network environment and being complementary with dedicated transmission channel CFTrCH, be provided with cognitive Dedicated Physical Data Channel C-DPDCH and cognitive Dedicated Physical Control Channel C-DPCCH, the former is based on the dedicated bearer channel of the cognitive information packet of cognitive radio/software and radio technique, has very high link circuit self-adapting ability; The latter is used for the reception ﹠ disposal of Correspondent Node and sets up the Aided Physical link, and the various transformation parameters of carrying cognitive information packet.

2. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cognitive information characteristics are numerous and diverse, tediously long, dynamic change is strong, comprise the network state from heterogeneous network, the various information of Internet resources and offered load, the wireless environment that perceives, network environment, comprise user's request, environmental characteristic, network and user's configuration parameter and the information of performance, and the network congestion information that comprises transport layer from cognitive nodes inside, the routing iinformation of network layer, the schedule information of link layer, transport block format, retransmission information and queue length, the power of physical layer, disturb, each of code word and subcarrier layer information, after adopting the mathematical character of unified, complete, standard, science, cognitive information just forms the set of the discrete environment sight parameter that can quantize, identify.

3. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described radio link layer, the function of four different entities is:

4. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the course of work of described cognitive information Unified Characterization entity is: when sending cognitive information, the cognitive information that comprises parameter and logic that first will meet OWL logical description rule sends to the OWL/XML coding module, after according to the XML form, cognitive information being converted to OWL/XML message by this coding module, be the cognitive information bit by the bit information mapping block with the XML message conversion, pass to again the packet administration module of link layer via the cognitive streams dedicated logical channel, generate cognitive information packet to be sent, receiving the cognitive information process data packet is above-mentioned reverse process process, by flag attribute and the parameter value in the corresponding cognitive information of OWL/XML parsing module extraction.

5. cognitive streams transmission method that adopts cognitive wireless network system claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: first measure and relate to the base station distribution of current location, the various web-based history information of primary user's average interference intensity based on frequency spectrum perception by cognitive nodes, obtaining current local wireless environmental information; Be positioned at cognitive streams transmission dedicated management this local wireless environmental information of entity analysis and each node transmission demand of link layer, enter centralized or distributed network mode of operation according to setting the corresponding selection of criterion, and each corresponding functional entity and the configuration parameter of channel are set, namely cognitive streams transmits control command; Resource-constrained except unprovoked, in the time of can't successfully accessing the centralized network mode of operation, just transfer the distributed network mode of operation to and carry out corresponding cognitive streams transmission control command; Then, each layer function entity and channel are all carried out its transmission control operation according to parameters respectively; In case the link transmission failure occurs, restart to carry out said process.

6. cognitive streams transmission method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described method comprises following operating procedure:

7. cognitive streams transmission method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: when cognitive nodes detects two kinds of network working forms and all exists, because the centralized downlink broadcast channel that can provide is used as extra control channel, therefore cognitive nodes should be based on the preferential choice set Chinese style of fail-safe analysis mode of operation, to reduce local expense; When only having access failure, just transfer the distributed work pattern to; Described fail-safe analysis is that cognitive nodes is based on the distribution situation of cognitive current other cognitive nodes that arrive, the bearing capacity of cognitive base station, the frequency spectrum available resources, and the various information of the transmission quality requirements of cognitive streams, infer that cognitive base station can provide the reliability of continuous service, to avoid the frequent switching of state; Then, cognitive streams transmission dedicated management entity is based on selected network schemer, and the configuration cognitive streams transmits cognitive information processing data packets mode, the physical channel bearing mode of physical layer and the various parameters of transmission channel kinds of the radio link layer of process.

8. cognitive streams transmission method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: in described step (2),

There is cognitive base station when detecting, and cognitive nodes can read the network information of dedicated broadcast channel, get comprise that cognitive base station detects in a big way in dynamic spectrum information, enliven link information can not local direct cognitive various information the time, the cognitive nodes under the centralized network mode of operation and the interaction flow of base station are:

9. cognitive streams transmission method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: in described step (3), radio link layer processes the cognitive information packet and physical layer carrying bit stream all is provided with following dual mode:

10. cognitive streams transmission method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described cognitive streams transmitting control message is provided with following three kinds:

Cognitive information inquiry or feedback message CogInfoInq/FedMsg are used for obtaining the cognitive information of other nodes and comprise decision history inquiry or response, the inquiry of the various cognitive abilities of reasoning mode of learning and Cross-layer adaptive ability or the information of feedback message.