CN102158294A - Cognitive wireless network system and method for transmitting cognitive streams thereof - Google Patents

Cognitive wireless network system and method for transmitting cognitive streams thereof Download PDF

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CN102158294A
CN102158294A CN2011100460904A CN201110046090A CN102158294A CN 102158294 A CN102158294 A CN 102158294A CN 2011100460904 A CN2011100460904 A CN 2011100460904A CN 201110046090 A CN201110046090 A CN 201110046090A CN 102158294 A CN102158294 A CN 102158294A
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information
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CN102158294B (en
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牛凯
宋涛
贺志强
许文俊
王强
林家儒
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Abstract

The invention relates to a cognitive wireless network system with a cognitive radio function and a method for transmitting cognitive streams thereof. Base stations or wireless access points and terminals of the cognitive wireless network are all additionally provided with corresponding functional entities at a physical layer, a radio link layer and a high layer through a layering protocol stack, a centralized physical transmission channel and a distributed physical transmission channel are respectively established, based on a general control channel of the cognitive streams, data and parameters obtained by cognitive nodes through a physical channel are unifiedly represented as information which can be processed by the functional entities for intelligence reasoning and decision-making in the wireless system, and efficient, integral and reliable transmission scheme for cognitive information is realized by joint processing of the functional entities and the channels to lay a foundation for intelligent decision-making and dynamic reconfiguration inside the cognitive nodes in a network. In the invention, as a layering realization mechanism is adopted, the cognitive wireless network system can be flexibly adapted to changes of the network structure and the wireless environment; in addition, the cognitive wireless network system disclosed by the invention is highly compatible with the existing wireless protocol structure, thus having good popularization and application prospects.

Description

The transmission method of cognition wireless network system and cognitive stream thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to cognitive radio technology, exactly, relate to the method for a kind of cognition wireless network system and transmitting cognitive thereof stream, belong to wireless communication system network layer data transmission technology field.
Background technology
In cognition wireless network, obtain that the relevant information of different levels is basic demands of its cognitive function in the network, also be the prerequisite of carrying out intelligent decision and network reconfiguration.Though the node in the cognition wireless network all has more senior, more intelligent information processing and network reconfiguration ability, but, the basis of bringing into play these cognitive new technologies is to obtain information and transmission information, therefore, adopt which kind of mode, what step to realize that effective transmission of cognitive information is a underlying issue in the cognitive radio networks with.
Cognitive information is that the cognition wireless network system is (referring to applicant's Chinese patent application " a kind of intelligent cognition wireless network system that realizes that heterogeneous network merges ", its patent No. is 201110028811.9) in each local module or peer node between carry out mutual various information (comprising wireless environment, concrete professional measurement data and mutual control information), the cognition wireless network system also is the main carrier that cognitive loop (Cognitive Cycle) is moved.
Usually network is based on predefined protocol specification to finish the transmission of control information and business datum mutual with equity, and this transmission and processing procedure to having the same type characteristic information constitutes so-called " control flows " and " Business Stream ".Similarly, in cognition wireless network, the transmission of cognitive information and processing procedure have also been constituted its distinctive " cognitive stream ".The transmission of " cognitive stream " has two classes: a class is in the Cognitive Information Processing Based of cognitive nodes this locality (Local) between each functional module, the primitives interoperation (Primitive) between module and the protocol layer interface, and this process depends on the concrete function of each intermodule.Another kind of is exactly cognition stream between each cognitive nodes, also promptly contains transmission and the processing of data flow between each node of cognitive information.The transmission that how to realize cognitive stream is a critical underlying issue, and emphasis of the present invention solves back one class transmission.
The transmission of relevant cognitive information, the emphasis of academia is based on the frequency spectrum detection technology, perhaps studies medium access control (the Media Access Control) mechanism of node in cognitive radio (Cognitive Radio) network.Though present cognition wireless network system has proposed more wide in range and abstract demand for how obtaining cognitive information, but, so far also do not provide concrete cognitive information transmission and processing method at possible network scenarios, the concrete grammar of also promptly supporting cognitive flow transmission so far as yet the someone propose.
Therefore, there is following shortcoming in prior art: the transmission that the present cognition wireless network system that proposes flows for cognition all lacks concrete efficient system with management and dissolves certainly scheme and implementation method, and, existing transmission method and the system thereof that is used to realize cognitive information control flows or cognitive Business Stream, all be not suitable for the transmission of cognitive stream in the cognition wireless network system, also, provide the transmission controlling mechanism of rational cognitive stream not at the network organization type that may occur (distributed or centralized).Naturally, these problems just become the focus problem of scientific and technical personnel's concern in the industry.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of have the cognition wireless network system of cognitive radio function and the transmission method of cognitive stream thereof, this method is to design by hierarchy, for under complex network environment between each cognitive nodes the transmission of cognitive stream efficient, complete, reliable embodiment is provided, for the intelligent decision and the dynamic restructuring of each cognitive nodes inside in the network provides the basis.
In order to reach the foregoing invention purpose, the invention provides a kind of cognition wireless network system with cognitive radio (Cognitive Radio) function, comprise base station or WAP (wireless access point) (Access Point), and user terminal (User Equipment); It is characterized in that: described base station or WAP (wireless access point), terminal all has cognitive radio function, and all adopt layered protocol stack respectively in its physical layer, radio link layer and high level are set up functional entity and are made up centralized and distributed used physical transmission channel respectively, and based on the general controls channel of cognition stream, data that cognitive nodes is obtained by physical channel and parameter all unify to be characterized by the information that each functional entity of intelligent inference and decision-making can be handled in the cognitive radio system, by the Combined Treatment of each functional entity and channel, realize the efficient of cognitive information again, reliable transmission; Wherein,
High level, responsible parsing and processing service data or control information, so that it is compatible mutually with existing layered protocol structure, and the interactive operation that the employing layering is decomposed cognitive nodes realizes effective and reliable control and optimization; Be provided with unified entity and the tradition control/service message translation interface of characterizing of cognitive information that direct connection has each cognitive function unit of striding layer reconstruct and intelligent decision; Wherein, the unified entity that characterizes of cognitive information is responsible for adopting the universal architecture Ontology Language that comprises network ontology language OWL (Web Ontology Language) or meaning of one's words rule language SWRL (Semantic Web Rule Language) to realize the normalization description in grammatical levels to the cognitive information content and structure; Because of the syntax format of these two kinds of semantic express language based on extending mark language XML (eXtensible Markup Language), so the unified entity that characterizes of cognitive information adopts XML to unify the cognitive information form, can be in reasoning and the study of grammer aspect support based on strategy (Policy-based) or the intelligent cognitive system of case (Case-based); Tradition control/service message translation interface is responsible for and will be converted to traditional chain of command/service surface message from the unified cognitive information of describing that characterizes of not adopting of traditional network;
Radio link layer is used to manage the packet of different types of information: comprise generating with the packet format of resolution data bag, dispatching and control the various transmission parameters of carrying out physical layer transceiver based on Radio Resource and transmission demand; Huge because of the difference of loaded information content and transmission quality, so radio link layer is provided with the transmission that following four kinds of difference in functionality entities are managed cognitive information control flows and cognitive Business Stream respectively: dedicated transmission channel CFTrCH (Cognitive Flow Traffic CHannel) and conventional transmission channel TrCH (Traffic CHannel) are flowed in cognitive stream dedicated logical channel CFCH (Cognitive Flow Logic CHannel), cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity CFME (Cognitive Flow Management Entity), cognition; And can increase logical channel type identification by Extended Protocol to the conventional link management entity, be used for supporting cognitive information is carried on the conventional transmission channel with the traditional data packet form;
Physical layer is responsible for the measuring operation of frequency spectrum perception and detection, and physics is received and dispatched the enforcement with transmission plan of reshuffling of parameter; For adapting to dynamic, complicated network environment and being complementary with dedicated transmission channel CFTrCH, be provided with cognitive Dedicated Physical Data Channel C-DPDCH (CR-Dedicated Physical Data Channel) and cognitive Dedicated Physical Control Channel C-DPCCH (CR-Dedicated Physical Control Channel), the former is based on the dedicated bearer channel of the cognitive information packet of cognitive radio/software and radio technique, has very high link circuit self-adapting ability; The latter is used for the reception of Correspondent Node and handles and the auxiliary physical link of foundation, and the various transmission parameters of carrying cognitive information packet.
Described cognitive information characteristics are numerous and diverse, tediously long, dynamic change is strong, the various information that comprise network state, Internet resources and offered load from heterogeneous network, the wireless environment that perceives, network environment, comprise user's request, environmental characteristic, network and user's the configuration parameter and the information of performance, and each layer information of power, interference, code word and subcarrier that comprises schedule information, transport block format, retransmission information and queue length, the physical layer of routing iinformation, the link layer of network congestion information, the network layer of transport layer from cognitive nodes inside; After adopting the mathematical character of unified, complete, standard, science, cognitive information just forms the set of the discrete environment sight parameter that can quantize, discern.
The function of four different entities is in the described radio link layer:
Cognitive stream dedicated logical channel CFCH is the logic channel between radio link layer and the high level, is used for the cognitive information packet after the radio link layer parsing is directly passed to the unified entity that characterizes of high-rise cognitive information by this logic channel quickly and efficiently;
Cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity CFME is a critical component of controlling process mutual between cognitive nodes, with the cognitive information packet is object, have two aspect functions: be responsible for handling and generating internodal cognitive flow control messages, comprise request for building link/response, the request/affirmation of the Radio Resource of forming by idle frequency band and transmission time; And mutual based between local cognitive nodes, the transmission parameter that configuration local wireless layer and physical layer flow cognition: in the transmission quality requirements of radio link layer according to the cognitive information packet, selection utilizes the Extended Protocol mode to send by conventional transmission/physical channel, perhaps sends by special-purpose cognitive information processing data packets entity; According to frequency spectrum perception and radio environment measurements result, physical layer configurations is comprised physical channel and transmitting-receiving mode with outer public frequency range or the selection of authorized frequency bands cavity;
Cognitive stream dedicated transmission channel CFTrCH and conventional transmission channel TrCH, all be used as the transmission channel between radio link layer and the physical layer, the former is corresponding with the cognitive DPCH of physical layer, be the channel type that meets cognitive information data packet transmission characteristic demand fully, and support to be delivered to cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity from the cognitive information in traditional physical channel; The latter is the passage that meets existing protocol standard, transport service stream or control flows packet, under the compatible extensions pattern, also is used to transmit the conventional data packet that comprises cognitive information.
The unified course of work that characterizes entity of described cognitive information is: when sending cognitive information, the cognitive information that comprises parameter and logic that will meet OWL logical description rule earlier sends to the OWL/XML coding module, after according to the XML form cognitive information being converted to OWL/XML message by this coding module, is the cognitive information bit by the bit information mapping block with the XML message conversion, pass to the packet administration module of link layer again via cognition stream dedicated logical channel, generate cognitive information packet to be sent; Receiving the cognitive information process data packet is above-mentioned reverse process process, extracts flag attribute and parameter value in the corresponding cognitive information by the OWL/XML parsing module.
In order to reach the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention also provides a kind of cognitive flow transmission method that adopts cognition wireless network of the present invention system, it is characterized in that: elder generation is measured based on frequency spectrum perception by cognitive nodes and relates to the base station distribution of current location, the various web-based history information of main user's average interference intensity, obtains current local wireless environmental information; Be positioned at cognitive this local wireless environmental information of flow transmission dedicated management entity analysis and each node transmission demand of link layer, enter centralized or distributed network work pattern according to setting the corresponding selection of criterion, and each the corresponding functional entity and the configuration parameter of channel, promptly cognitive flow transmission control command be set; It is resource-constrained to remove unprovoked, can't be successful during access set Chinese style network work pattern, just transfer distributed network mode of operation and the corresponding cognitive flow transmission control command of execution to; Then, each layer function entity and channel are all carried out its transmission control operation according to parameter is set respectively; In case the link transmission failure occurs, then restart to carry out said process.
Described method comprises following operating procedure:
(1) cognitive local wireless environment: the physical layer of cognitive terminal is by the measurement of frequency spectrum perception, but detection obtains comprising every information of current available band of the frequency spectrum reliability of the situation that takies of interim frequency spectrum cavity-pocket, unlicensed band of authorized user and the holding time estimated, after handling to received signal simultaneously, cognitive data packet delivery to cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity, is extracted the cognitive broadcast message that wherein may comprise;
(2) cognitive flow transmission control unit is analyzed network environment and made a strategic decision: the cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity of cognitive terminal is analyzed current network and whether is had the cognitive base station of cognitive nodes being carried out centralized assist control based on the cognitive result of local wireless environment; If exist, then preferential choice set Chinese style network work pattern reduces autonomous the detection and the workload of decision-making, simplifies to handle and save power consumption, and more how mutual by with the base station realized the cognition of network environment and the decision-making of transmission policy; If there is no, then enter the distributed network mode of operation, keep high-quality relatively measurement and self adaptation ability to work, realize mutual and the transmission data with node discovery mechanism and all mid-side nodes;
(3) cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity is based on the transmission parameter of the cognitive stream of selected network work pattern configurations: comprise that radio link layer handles the mode of cognitive information packet, the mode and the transmission channel kinds of physical layer carrying physical channel;
(4) standard and defined cognitive flow transmission control messages: finish the transmission control of cognitive stream between the cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity of each cognitive nodes by mutual cognitive flow transmission control messages.
When cognitive nodes detects two kinds of network work forms and all exists, because of the centralized downlink broadcast channel that can provide as extra control channel, so cognitive nodes should be based on the preferential choice set Chinese style of fail-safe analysis mode of operation, to reduce local expense; When having only access failure, just transfer the distributed work pattern to; Described fail-safe analysis is that cognitive nodes is based on the distribution situation of cognitive current other cognitive nodes that arrive, the bearing capacity of cognitive base station, the frequency spectrum available resources, and the various information of the transmission quality requirements of cognitive stream, infer that cognitive base station can provide lasting reliability of service, to avoid the frequent switching of state; Then, cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity disposes the cognitive information processing data packets mode of the radio link layer of cognitive flow transmission process, the physical channel bearing mode of physical layer and the various parameters of transmission channel kinds based on selected network schemer.
In the described step (2), there is cognitive base station when detecting, and cognitive nodes can read the network information of dedicated broadcast channel, get access to the interior in a big way dynamic spectrum information that comprises that cognitive base station is detected, enliven link information can not local direct cognitive various information the time, the cognitive nodes under the centralized network mode of operation and the interaction flow of base station are:
(21) cognitive nodes is based on the broadcast message of cognitive base station, but again in conjunction with comprising the various local cognitive information of the frequency range holding time of local available frequency band, estimation with node distribution on every side, and the feasibility that inserts distributed mode estimates that be that criterion is made the access decision-making to pay the utmost attention to centralized: cognitive nodes sends the access request of the corresponding information that comprises transmission demand, local wireless environment and distributed access chance to cognitive base station;
(22) cognition in the cognitive base station is flowed special-purpose controlled entity and is adopted centralized media access control MAC mechanism, to all access request prioritization, after making the access control decision-making and distributing corresponding resource, broadcasts this access decision information; Described MAC mechanism is based on competitive mode or adopts the game theory method;
(23) if allow to insert, then the cognition in the cognitive nodes is flowed special-purpose controlled entity according to the resource of being distributed, and reconfigures each functional entity and the channel of link layer and physical layer, sets up transmission link; If this access failure is then postponed centralized access, or when satisfying corresponding conditions, transfer distributed access module to;
When cognitive nodes does not detect the existence of cognitive base station, perhaps do not satisfy centralized access conditions, the cognitive nodes under the distributed network mode of operation and the interaction flow of base station are:
(2A) node is carried out local wireless environment cognitive operation based on frequency spectrum perception, and sends the request of access on selected usable spectrum, starts the timing of wait-for-response simultaneously; Set timing thresholding T if surpass Resend, then retransmit this access request; Surpass setting access number of times thresholding N if retransmit number of times Restart, then detect wireless environment and selected new spectrum position again;
After (2B) other cognitive nodes receive the request of inserting, whether determine feedback response according to its destination locations; If self be destination node, then generate and insert response, and fill in the relevant information that to wait for timeliness comprising resource with situation and destination node, to support the estimation of source node to the transmission link reliability according to local cognitive information;
If (2C) source node is at setting-up time window (N Restart* T Resend) in receive and insert response, then in this message sets timeliness scope, finish and analyze and generate admission confirm, and during higher and corresponding coupling, send the admission confirm that this comprises reconfiguration information with transmission demand at transmission reliability; Otherwise, send cancellation and insert response or postpone the admission confirm that inserts response;
If (2D) destination node receives admission confirm, then cognitive flow transmission functional entity and channel are reshuffled according to information wherein; If do not receive admission confirm, this operation failure then.
In the described step (3), radio link layer handles the cognitive information packet and physical layer carrying bit stream all is provided with following dual mode:
The compatible extensions mode is based on existing traditional function entity and channel, carries the cognitive information packet by protocol extension: link layer expansion available data bag processing protocol increases the sign that guides to cognitive stream dedicated logical channel; Physical layer is used conventional transmission channel and physical channel carrying, and cognitive information is handled as conventional data packet; The protocol compatibility of this mode is strong, but transmission performance is subject to the conventional transmission controlled entity;
The special module mode is to increase the physical data channel of the direct carrying cognitive information packet of cognitive special use respectively in physical layer, and is used for the information packet transmission link is realized assist control and maintenance, the physical control channel of bearing link interactive information; These two cognitive DPCH are mapped to cognitive stream dedicated transmission channel, need set up special function entity and channel, so that satisfy the cognitive information transmission requirements to greatest extent.
Described cognitive flow transmission control messages is provided with following three kinds:
Controlling links message LinkCtrlMsg, be used to confirm and manage communication link between cognitive nodes, comprising: link establishment or removal request, link establishment or deletion response, link state inquiry, link configuration update request or/response and link failure Indication message;
Resource requirement or negotiation message ResNegMsg, be used for request that relates to allocation of radio resources or response that node is consulted or broadcasted, comprise: the relevant information of local usable spectrum status message, local frequency spectrum resource requirement message, spectrum reservation request or response, this landlord user interference strength and centralised allocation scheme;
Cognitive information inquiry or feedback message CogInfoInq/FedMsg, be used to obtain cognitive information and other information of other nodes: decision history inquiry or response comprise the reasoning mode of learning, stride the inquiry or the feedback message of the various cognitive abilities of layer self-adapting ability.
The key point of the technology of the present invention innovation is: in the layered protocol control architecture of network system of the present invention, each functional module is set, and by the transmission course of its realization with the cognitive stream of control, based on the compatible extensions scheme and the special module scheme of this layered protocol structure, the cognitive flow transmission control of realization, and at the correlation process method under distributed and centralized two kinds of network schemers of cognitive flow transmission control.
Advantage of the present invention is: to the transfer management of cognitive information in the cognition wireless network system, provide a kind of concrete, efficient system implementation method; This method takes into full account cognitive nodes and has distributed and centralized two kinds of network topology patterns, and has provided the control method of the cognitive flow transmission under the corresponding modes; Adopt the layering realization mechanism, can adapt to the variation of network configuration and wireless environment neatly, and have very high compatibility, therefore, have good popularization and application prospect with existing wireless protocols structure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a layering peer-to-peer communications schematic diagram in the cognition wireless network,
Fig. 2 is the cognition wireless network system configuration composition diagram that the present invention has cognitive radio function.
Fig. 3 is unified internal structure and the course of work schematic diagram thereof that characterizes entity of cognitive information of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the cognitive flow transmission control of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the interaction diagrams of cognitive flow transmission control under the Centralized Mode.
Fig. 6 is the interaction diagrams of cognitive flow transmission control under the distributed mode.
Fig. 7 is the network system scene schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is the embodiment of the invention adopts the compatible extensions scheme under the centralized network pattern a schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is the embodiment of the invention adopts the special module scheme under the distributed network pattern a schematic diagram.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The cognition wireless network system that the present invention has a cognitive radio function (Cognitive Radio) is widely used in having WAP (wireless access point) or the base station that has cognitive radio function in the current wireless network system of cognitive radio function and the following Radio Network System, and the user terminal with cognitive radio function.Each network element of the present invention all adopts the layered protocol stack design philosophy, support centralized and distributed network to set up used physical transmission channel, and use control channel based on cognition circulation, cognitive nodes is characterized by the treatable information of functional entity such as intelligent inference and decision-making in the cognitive radio system by data and the improve parameter unification that physical channel obtains.
For the transfer of data on the radio open, the designer trends of modern wireless network are to adopt layered protocol stack thought, mainly realize transmission control at link layer and physical layer, and the parsing and the processing of how responsible business datum (control or data) on the upper strata.Because hierarchical design has following advantage: both can compatible well existing layered protocol; Can adopt again layering decompose and to each stage in the cognitive nodes reciprocal process realize effectively, control reliably with optimize.Therefore cognitive flow transmission method of the present invention adopts stratified structure.
Referring to Fig. 1, the function of network system of the present invention mainly is distributed in three levels: physical layer, radio link layer and other high levels, and function corresponding entity or channel be set respectively in the term of reference of each layer, by the Combined Treatment of each functional entity and channel, can realize efficient, the reliable transmission of cognitive information.
The cognitive information of system handles of the present invention comprises: from the various information of network state, Internet resources and the offered load of heterogeneous network, information such as the wireless environment that perceives, network environment, the configuration parameter that comprises user's request, environmental characteristic, network and user and performance, and from each layer information of cognitive nodes inside (as the network congestion information of transport layer, the routing iinformation of network layer, the schedule information of link layer, transport block format, retransmission information and queue length, information such as the power of physical layer, interference, code word, subcarrier).The characteristics of these information are numerous and diverse, tediously long, and dynamic change is strong, and behind the mathematical character of needs by unified, complete, standard, science, formation can quantize, discernible discrete environment sight set.
Referring to Fig. 2, the main functional modules and the method for work thereof of each level of network system of the present invention described respectively.
High level is responsible for resolving and handling cognitive flow data or control signaling, so that its compatibility has layered protocol structure now, and the interactive operation of adopting layering to decompose cognitive nodes realizes effective, reliable control and optimizes; Be provided with the unified entity that characterizes of cognitive information, its direct connection has each cognitive function unit of striding layer reconstruct and intelligent decision, and tradition control/service message translation interface; Wherein, the unified entity that characterizes of cognitive information is responsible for adopting general structured body (Ontology) language to realize the normalization description in grammatical levels to the cognitive information content and structure.For example, adopt network ontology language OWL (Web Ontology Language) or meaning of one's words rule language SWRL (Semantic Web Rule Language) etc.Because of the syntax format of these semantic express language based on extending mark language XML, so the unified entity that characterizes of cognitive information adopts XML to unify the cognitive information form, can be at sign and the inference mechanism of grammer aspect support based on the intelligent cognitive knowledge of strategy (Policy-based) or case (Case-based).It should be noted that: the implication of the not responsible cognitive information of this entity and the management of logic, just finish the format statement or the parsing of information.
Tradition control/service message translation interface is responsible for and will be converted to traditional chain of command/service surface message from the unified cognitive information of describing that characterizes of not adopting of traditional network.
Referring to Fig. 3, introduce the unified internal structure and the course of work thereof that characterizes entity of this cognitive information: when sending cognitive information, elder generation sends to the OWL/XML coding module by the cognitive information that comprises parameter and logic that epistemic logic reasoning/unit will meet OWL logical description rule, after according to the XML form cognitive information being converted to OWL/XML message by this coding module, is the cognitive information bit by the bit information mapping block with the XML message conversion, pass to the packet administration module of link layer again via cognition stream dedicated logical channel, generate cognitive information packet to be sent.The process that receives the cognitive information packet is above-mentioned reverse process process, need extract flag attribute and parameter value in the corresponding cognitive information by the OWL/XML parsing module.
Radio link layer is used to manage the packet of different types of information: comprise generating with the packet format of resolution data bag, based on the dispatching management of Radio Resource and transmission demand, to the various transmission parameter execution control functions of physical layer transceiver; The content of the cognitive information that cause is carried usually and the difference of transmission quality are very huge, so radio link layer need be set up the transmission that following different functional entity is managed cognitive information control flows and cognitive Business Stream respectively:
(A) cognitive stream dedicated logical channel CFCH (Cognitive Flow Logic CHannel): as the logic channel between radio link layer and the high level, with set the two between transmit resolve via radio link layer after the cognitive information packet directly pass to the unified entity that characterizes of high-rise cognitive information quickly and efficiently by this logic channel.
(B) cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity CFME (Cognitive Flow Management Entity): as the most important critical component of reciprocal process between the control cognitive nodes, this entity is a process object with the cognitive information packet, possess two kinds of functions: a kind of is to be responsible for handling and generating internodal cognitive flow control messages, comprise request for building link/response, the request/affirmation of the Radio Resource of forming by information such as idle frequency band and transmission times.Another kind is based on local cognitive and internodal mutual, configuration local wireless layer and physical layer are to the transmission parameter of cognition stream (for example: in the transmission quality requirements of radio link layer according to the cognitive information packet, selection utilizes the Extended Protocol mode to send by conventional transmission/physical channel, perhaps sends by special-purpose cognitive information processing data packets entity).Simultaneously, according to frequency spectrum perception and radio environment measurements result, physical layer configurations is comprised physical channel and transmitting-receiving mode with outer public frequency range or the selection of authorized frequency bands cavity.
(C) based on the conventional link management entity of protocol extension: in some cases, the transmission characteristic demand of cognitive information and traditional data or signaling are similar, can pass through Extended Protocol, increase logical channel type identification and cognitive information is carried on the conventional transmission channel with the traditional data packet form.For example between cognitive nodes about the conception of history measurement information of frequency spectrum current intelligence, help cognitive nodes that local frequency spectrum state is carried out reasoning and prediction, its transmission characteristic is that data volume is big, but reliability requirement is not high, be similar to the traditional business data, therefore can adopt traffic flow pattern that it is carried on the conventional transmission channel.
(D) cognitive stream dedicated transmission channel CFTrCH (Cognitive Flow Traffic CHannel) and conventional transmission channel TrCH (Traffic CHannel): the both is as the transmission channel between radio link layer and the physical layer, the former is corresponding with the cognitive DPCH of physical layer, be the channel type that meets cognitive information data packet transmission characteristic demand fully, and support to be delivered to cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity from the cognitive information in traditional physical channel.The latter is the passage that meets existing protocol standard, transport service stream or control flows packet, under the compatible extensions pattern, also is used to transmit the conventional data packet that comprises cognitive information.
Physical layer is responsible for the measuring operation of frequency spectrum perception and detection, and physics transmitting-receiving parameter reshuffle enforcement with transmission plan.In order to adapt to dynamic, complicated network environment, and be complementary with dedicated transmission channel CFTrCH, be provided with cognitive Dedicated Physical Data Channel C-DPDCH (CR-Dedicated Physical Data Channel) and cognitive Dedicated Physical Control Channel C-DPCCH (CR-Dedicated Physical ControlChannel), the former is based on the special-purpose physical carrier channel of the cognitive information packet of cognitive radio/software and radio technique, has very high link circuit self-adapting ability; The latter is used for the reception of Correspondent Node and handles and the auxiliary physical link of foundation, and the various transmission control parameters of carrying cognitive information packet.For example, the reception that is used for the opposite end is handled, the foundation of auxiliary physical link, and for example the bag size retransmits parameter etc.
Introduce the transmission course of the cognition stream that network system of the present invention realizes based on its hierarchy below: earlier by cognitive nodes based on measuring (as frequency spectrum perception etc.) and historical information (the network historical information relevant with current location, as base station distribution, main user's average interference intensity etc.), obtain current local wireless environmental information.Be positioned at the radio environment information and the transmission demand thereof of each node submission of cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity analysis of link layer, enter distributed network pattern or centralized network pattern according to setting the corresponding selection of criterion, and the configuration parameter of each functional entity and channel, promptly cognitive flow transmission control command be set.And it is resource-constrained to remove unprovoked, can't be successful during access set Chinese style network work pattern, just transfer distributed network mode of operation and the corresponding cognitive flow transmission control command of execution to.Then, each layer function entity and channel are all carried out its transmission control procedures according to parameter is set; In case situations such as link transmission failure occur, then restart said process.
Referring to Fig. 4, specify following each operating procedure of the inventive method:
Step 1, cognitive local wireless environment: the physical layer of cognitive terminal is by the measurement of frequency spectrum perception, but detection obtains comprising every information of current available band of the frequency spectrum reliability of the situation that takies of interim frequency spectrum cavity-pocket, unlicensed band of authorized user and the holding time estimated, after handling to received signal simultaneously, cognitive data packet delivery to cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity, is extracted the cognitive broadcast message that wherein may comprise.
Cognitive flow transmission control unit is taken all factors into consideration the transmission demand and this locality/common transmission resource of current time, selects the reasonable configuration scheme.For example having a plurality of data flow to transmit, and wherein when not high, can adopt the compatible extensions scheme to cognitive information real-time demand, the physical channel type in the minimizing work is saved processing expenditure.
Step 2, cognitive flow transmission control unit is analyzed network environment and made a strategic decision: the cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity of cognitive terminal is based on the cognitive result of local wireless environment, analyze and judge whether current network exists the cognitive base station of cognitive nodes being carried out centralized assist control, when perhaps cognitive nodes detects two kinds of network work forms and exists simultaneously, then be used as extra control channel because of the centralized downlink broadcast channel that can provide, based on the preferential choice set Chinese style of fail-safe analysis network work pattern, reduce the workload of autonomous detection and decision-making and local expense, simplify and handle and the saving power consumption, more how mutual by with the base station realized the cognition of network environment and the decision-making of transmission policy; When having only access failure or not having centralized base station, just enter the distributed network mode of operation, keep high-quality relatively measurement and self adaptation ability to work, realize mutual and the transmission data with node discovery mechanism and all mid-side nodes.Fail-safe analysis of the present invention is that cognitive nodes is based on the distribution situation of cognitive current other cognitive nodes that arrive, the bearing capacity of cognitive base station, the frequency spectrum available resources, and the various information of the transmission quality requirements of cognitive stream, infer that cognitive base station can provide lasting reliability of service, to avoid the frequent switching of state; Then, cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity disposes the cognitive information processing data packets mode of the radio link layer of cognitive flow transmission process, the physical channel bearing mode of physical layer and the various parameters of transmission channel kinds based on selected network schemer.
Centralized network mode of operation in this step is that cognitive nodes detects and has cognitive base station, and can read the network information of dedicated broadcast channel, get access to comprise that cognitive base station detects in a big way in dynamic spectrum information, enliven link information can not local direct cognitive various information or the like.The cognitive nodes under the Centralized Mode and the interaction flow of base station are (referring to shown in Figure 5):
(21) cognitive nodes is based on the broadcast message of cognitive base station, again in conjunction with comprising local various local cognitive information (but the frequency range holding time of for example local available frequency band, estimation and node distribution on every side etc.), and the feasibility that inserts distributed mode estimates that be that criterion is made the access decision-making to pay the utmost attention to centralized: cognitive nodes sends the access request of the corresponding information that comprises transmission demand, local wireless environment and distributed access chance to cognitive base station;
(22) cognition in the cognitive base station is flowed special-purpose controlled entity and is adopted centralized media access control MAC mechanism, to all access request prioritization, after making the access control decision-making and distributing corresponding resource, broadcasts this access decision information.Described MAC mechanism is normally based on competitive mode or adopt the game theory method.
(23) if allow to insert, then the cognition in the cognitive nodes is flowed special-purpose controlled entity according to the resource of being distributed, and reconfigures each functional entity and the channel of link layer and physical layer, sets up transmission link; If this access failure is then postponed centralized access, or when satisfying corresponding conditions, transfer distributed access module to.
Distributed network pattern in this step is the existence that does not detect cognitive base station in cognitive nodes, carries out when perhaps not satisfying centralized access conditions, and the interaction flow of its cognitive nodes and base station or other cognitive nodes is (referring to shown in Figure 6):
(2A) node is carried out the cognitive operation of local wireless environment based on frequency spectrum perception, and sends the request of access on selected usable spectrum, starts the timing of wait-for-response simultaneously; Set timing thresholding T if surpass Resend, then retransmit this access request; Surpass setting access number of times thresholding N if retransmit number of times Restart, then detect wireless environment and selected new spectrum position again.
After (2B) other cognitive nodes receive the request of inserting, whether determine feedback response according to its destination locations; If self be destination node, then generate and insert response, and fill in the relevant information that to wait for timeliness comprising resource with situation and destination node, to support the estimation of source node to the transmission link reliability according to local cognitive information.
If (2C) source node is at setting-up time window (N Restart* T Resend) in receive and insert response, then in this message sets timeliness scope, finish and analyze and generate admission confirm, and during higher and corresponding coupling, send the admission confirm that this comprises reconfiguration information with transmission demand at transmission reliability; Otherwise, send cancellation and insert response or postpone the admission confirm that inserts response.
If (2D) destination node receives admission confirm, then cognitive flow transmission functional entity and channel are reshuffled according to information wherein; If do not receive admission confirm, this operation failure then.
Step 3, the transmission parameter that cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity flows based on selected network work pattern configurations cognition: comprise the mode of following two kinds of radio link layers processing cognitive information packet, the mode and the transmission channel kinds of physical layer carrying physical channel:
The compatible extensions mode: it is based on existing traditional function entity and channel, carries the cognitive information packet by protocol extension.Specifically be in link layer expansion available data bag processing protocol, increase the sign that guides to " cognitive stream dedicated logical channel "; Physical layer then is to use conventional transmission channel and physical channel carrying, and cognitive information is handled as conventional data packet; The protocol compatibility of this mode is strong, but transmission performance is subject to the conventional transmission controlled entity.
The special module mode: it is to increase cognitive special-purpose data physical channel and control physical channel respectively in physical layer, the former is the physical data channel that directly carries the cognitive information packet, the latter is used for auxiliary control and the maintenance that realizes cognitive information data packet transmission link, bearing link interactive information.These two cognitive DPCH need be mapped to cognitive stream dedicated transmission channel, are special function entity and the channel set up, so that satisfy the cognitive information transmission requirements to greatest extent.
Step 4, standard and defined cognitive flow transmission control messages: finish the transmission control of cognitive stream between the cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity of each cognitive nodes by mutual cognitive flow transmission control messages.
In the above-mentioned steps 2, cognitive flow transmission control unit should be taken all factors into consideration the transmission demand and this locality/public transfer resource of current time, selects the reasonable configuration scheme.For example there are being a plurality of data flow to transmit, and wherein when not high, can adopting the compatible extensions scheme,, saving processing expenditure with the physical channel type in the minimizing work to cognitive information real-time demand.
Between the cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity of each node of the present invention, finish control, therefore need carry out standard cognitive flow transmission control messages to cognitive flow transmission by interacting message.The present invention has defined three kinds of cognitive flow transmission control messages, is respectively described below:
Controlling links message LinkCtrlMsg, be mainly used in confirm and the management cognitive nodes between communication link, comprising: link establishment or removal request, link establishment or deletion response, link state inquiry, link configuration update request or/response and link failure Indication message.
Resource requirement or negotiation message ResNegMsg, be mainly used in request that relates to allocation of radio resources or response that node is consulted or broadcasted, comprise: local usable spectrum status message, local frequency spectrum resource requirement message, spectrum reservation request or response, this landlord user interference strength and centralised allocation scheme or the like relevant information.
Cognitive information inquiry or feedback message CogInfoInq/FedMsg, be mainly used in the cognitive information of obtaining other nodes and other information: decision history inquiry or response comprise the reasoning mode of learning, stride the inquiry of various cognitive abilities of layer self-adapting ability or feedback message etc.
The present invention has carried out repeatedly implementing test, below the concise and to the point test situation of describing an embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 7, introduce the application scenarios of the cognition wireless network of embodiment, three cognitive nodes in left side constitute the distributed network pattern of cognitive flow transmission, and the cognitive base station on right side and cognitive nodes then constitute the centralized network interactive mode of cognitive flow transmission.
Referring to Fig. 8, be presented in a canonical process of the cognitive flow transmission method of control that adopts the network system of the present invention of compatible extensions scheme under the centralized network pattern that possesses cognitive base station and adopted.Among the figure, the left side is the cognitive flow transmission administration module of each layering of cognitive inside of base station, and the right side is the internal module schematic diagram of certain cognitive nodes K.Cognitive nodes under this scene (as the node among Fig. 7 4) detects and has cognitive base station, and satisfies above-mentioned access criterion.
Because of cognitive base station exists, and send broadcast in the dedicated broadcast channel cycle, cognitive nodes just can initiate to insert request based on this message on the usable spectrum of appointment.Suppose that the cognitive flow transmission demand (data volume, time delay etc.) and the transmission course of conventional control flows or data flow do not have very big-difference, for reducing administration overhead, cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity selection " compatible extensions scheme ", promptly based on protocol extension the cognitive information packet is included in the existing transmission block at link layer, give physical layer by the conventional transmission channel transfer, the processing of the conventional physical channel of process sends to and eats dishes without rice or wine again.Cognitive base station also receives by conventional physical channel mode, carries out corresponding inverse operation, parse the cognitive information packet after, under the control of cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity, send to the unified statement in upper strata module by cognition stream dedicated logical channel.Thereby finish the control and the processing procedure of cognitive flow transmission, extract information needed by each the concrete module in the intelligent cognitive function framework subsequently.
Again referring to Fig. 9, be presented in network system of the present invention under the distributed network pattern and control a canonical process of cognitive flow transmission: the left side is the cognitive flow transmission administration module of layering of cognitive nodes A among the figure, and the right side is the internal module schematic diagram of cognitive nodes B.There is not cognitive base station in this scene explanation, and perhaps cognitive base station exists but can not satisfy above-mentioned access criterion, and perhaps the cognitive nodes access failure finally all transfers distributed network pattern (as the node among Fig. 71 and 2) to.
Under the distributed scene, need more dynamic interaction between node, and the processing delay reliability requirement of initial message is higher, data volume is less; But after the link establishment success, because node needs more local analytics and decision-making, so the transmission requirement of cognitive information packet also will be higher than normal flow.Therefore the cognitive stream of supposition dedicated management entity is selected " special module scheme " based on above-mentioned consideration here, directly be responsible for the processing data packets of link layer by this entity, and send transmission block to the special-purpose cognitive physical data channel of physical layer by dedicated transmission channel, dispose cognitive Dedicated Physical Control Channel simultaneously.Adopt similar inverse operation to obtain the cognitive information packet at Correspondent Node.This packet or comprise the required cognitive information in upper strata must flow dedicated logical channel through cognition and pass to the upper strata; Or, as previously mentioned, comprise controlling links message, resource management message, cognitive information inquiry/feedback message in the mutual control messages of link layer dedicated management inter-entity.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of being made, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. the cognition wireless network system with cognitive radio function comprises base station or WAP (wireless access point), and user terminal; It is characterized in that: described base station or WAP (wireless access point), terminal all has cognitive radio function, and all adopt layered protocol stack respectively in its physical layer, radio link layer and high level are set up functional entity and are made up centralized and distributed used physical transmission channel respectively, and based on the general controls channel of cognition stream, data that cognitive nodes is obtained by physical channel and parameter all unify to be characterized by the information that each functional entity of intelligent inference and decision-making can be handled in the cognitive radio system, by the Combined Treatment of each functional entity and channel, realize the efficient of cognitive information again, reliable transmission; Wherein,
High level, responsible parsing and processing service data or control information, so that it is compatible mutually with existing layered protocol structure, and the interactive operation that the employing layering is decomposed cognitive nodes realizes effective and reliable control and optimization; Be provided with unified entity and the tradition control/service message translation interface of characterizing of cognitive information that direct connection has each cognitive function unit of striding layer reconstruct and intelligent decision; Wherein, the unified entity that characterizes of cognitive information is responsible for adopting the universal architecture Ontology Language that comprises network ontology language OWL or meaning of one's words rule language SWRL to realize the normalization description in grammatical levels to the cognitive information content and structure; Because of the syntax format of these two kinds of semantic express language based on extending mark language XML, so the unified entity that characterizes of cognitive information adopts XML to unify the cognitive information form, can support reasoning and study in the grammer aspect based on strategy or case intelligence cognitive system; Tradition control/service message translation interface is responsible for and will be converted to traditional chain of command/service surface message from the unified cognitive information of describing that characterizes of not adopting of traditional network;
Radio link layer is used to manage the packet of different types of information: comprise generating with the packet format of resolution data bag, dispatching and control the various transmission parameters of carrying out physical layer transceiver based on Radio Resource and transmission demand; Huge because of the difference of loaded information content and transmission quality, so radio link layer is provided with the transmission that following four kinds of difference in functionality entities are managed cognitive information control flows and cognitive Business Stream respectively: dedicated transmission channel CFTrCH and conventional transmission channel TrCH are flowed in cognitive stream dedicated logical channel CFCH, cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity CFME, cognition; And can increase logical channel type identification by Extended Protocol to the conventional link management entity, be used for supporting cognitive information is carried on the conventional transmission channel with the traditional data packet form;
Physical layer is responsible for the measuring operation of frequency spectrum perception and detection, and physics is received and dispatched the enforcement with transmission plan of reshuffling of parameter; For adapting to dynamic, complicated network environment and being complementary with dedicated transmission channel CFTrCH, be provided with cognitive Dedicated Physical Data Channel C-DPDCH and cognitive Dedicated Physical Control Channel C-DPCCH, the former is based on the dedicated bearer channel of the cognitive information packet of cognitive radio/software and radio technique, has very high link circuit self-adapting ability; The latter is used for the reception of Correspondent Node and handles and the auxiliary physical link of foundation, and the various transmission parameters of carrying cognitive information packet.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cognitive information characteristics are numerous and diverse, tediously long, dynamic change is strong, comprise network state from heterogeneous network, the various information of Internet resources and offered load, the wireless environment that perceives, network environment, comprise user's request, environmental characteristic, network and user's the configuration parameter and the information of performance, and the network congestion information that comprises transport layer from cognitive nodes inside, the routing iinformation of network layer, the schedule information of link layer, transport block format, retransmission information and queue length, the power of physical layer, disturb, each of code word and subcarrier layer information; After adopting the mathematical character of unified, complete, standard, science, cognitive information just forms the set of the discrete environment sight parameter that can quantize, discern.
3. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the function of four different entities is in the described radio link layer:
Cognitive stream dedicated logical channel CFCH is the logic channel between radio link layer and the high level, is used for the cognitive information packet after the radio link layer parsing is directly passed to the unified entity that characterizes of high-rise cognitive information by this logic channel quickly and efficiently;
Cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity CFME is a critical component of controlling process mutual between cognitive nodes, with the cognitive information packet is object, have two aspect functions: be responsible for handling and generating internodal cognitive flow control messages, comprise request for building link/response, the request/affirmation of the Radio Resource of forming by idle frequency band and transmission time; And mutual based between local cognitive nodes, the transmission parameter that configuration local wireless layer and physical layer flow cognition: in the transmission quality requirements of radio link layer according to the cognitive information packet, selection utilizes the Extended Protocol mode to send by conventional transmission/physical channel, perhaps sends by special-purpose cognitive information processing data packets entity; According to frequency spectrum perception and radio environment measurements result, physical layer configurations is comprised physical channel and transmitting-receiving mode with outer public frequency range or the selection of authorized frequency bands cavity;
Cognitive stream dedicated transmission channel CFTrCH and conventional transmission channel TrCH, all be used as the transmission channel between radio link layer and the physical layer, the former is corresponding with the cognitive DPCH of physical layer, be the channel type that meets cognitive information data packet transmission characteristic demand fully, and support to be delivered to cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity from the cognitive information in traditional physical channel; The latter is the passage that meets existing protocol standard, transport service stream or control flows packet, under the compatible extensions pattern, also is used to transmit the conventional data packet that comprises cognitive information.
4. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the unified course of work that characterizes entity of described cognitive information is: when sending cognitive information, the cognitive information that comprises parameter and logic that will meet OWL logical description rule earlier sends to the OWL/XML coding module, after according to the XML form cognitive information being converted to OWL/XML message by this coding module, is the cognitive information bit by the bit information mapping block with the XML message conversion, pass to the packet administration module of link layer again via cognition stream dedicated logical channel, generate cognitive information packet to be sent; Receiving the cognitive information process data packet is above-mentioned reverse process process, extracts flag attribute and parameter value in the corresponding cognitive information by the OWL/XML parsing module.
5. cognitive flow transmission method that adopts the described cognition wireless network of claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: elder generation is measured based on frequency spectrum perception by cognitive nodes and relates to the base station distribution of current location, the various web-based history information of main user's average interference intensity, obtains current local wireless environmental information; Be positioned at cognitive this local wireless environmental information of flow transmission dedicated management entity analysis and each node transmission demand of link layer, enter centralized or distributed network work pattern according to setting the corresponding selection of criterion, and each the corresponding functional entity and the configuration parameter of channel, promptly cognitive flow transmission control command be set; It is resource-constrained to remove unprovoked, can't be successful during access set Chinese style network work pattern, just transfer distributed network mode of operation and the corresponding cognitive flow transmission control command of execution to; Then, each layer function entity and channel are all carried out its transmission control operation according to parameter is set respectively; In case the link transmission failure occurs, then restart to carry out said process.
6. cognitive flow transmission method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described method comprises following operating procedure:
(1) cognitive local wireless environment: the physical layer of cognitive terminal is by the measurement of frequency spectrum perception, but detection obtains comprising every information of current available band of the frequency spectrum reliability of the situation that takies of interim frequency spectrum cavity-pocket, unlicensed band of authorized user and the holding time estimated, after handling to received signal simultaneously, cognitive data packet delivery to cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity, is extracted the cognitive broadcast message that wherein may comprise;
(2) cognitive flow transmission control unit is analyzed network environment and made a strategic decision: the cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity of cognitive terminal is analyzed current network and whether is had the cognitive base station of cognitive nodes being carried out centralized assist control based on the cognitive result of local wireless environment; If exist, then preferential choice set Chinese style network work pattern reduces autonomous the detection and the workload of decision-making, simplifies to handle and save power consumption, and more how mutual by with the base station realized the cognition of network environment and the decision-making of transmission policy; If there is no, then enter the distributed network mode of operation, keep high-quality relatively measurement and self adaptation ability to work, realize mutual and the transmission data with node discovery mechanism and all mid-side nodes;
(3) cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity is based on the transmission parameter of the cognitive stream of selected network work pattern configurations: comprise that radio link layer handles the mode of cognitive information packet, the mode and the transmission channel kinds of physical layer carrying physical channel;
(4) standard and defined cognitive flow transmission control messages: finish the transmission control of cognitive stream between the cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity of each cognitive nodes by mutual cognitive flow transmission control messages.
7. cognitive flow transmission method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: when cognitive nodes detects two kinds of network work forms and all exists, because of the centralized downlink broadcast channel that can provide is used as extra control channel, so cognitive nodes should be based on the preferential choice set Chinese style of fail-safe analysis mode of operation, to reduce local expense; When having only access failure, just transfer the distributed work pattern to; Described fail-safe analysis is that cognitive nodes is based on the distribution situation of cognitive current other cognitive nodes that arrive, the bearing capacity of cognitive base station, the frequency spectrum available resources, and the various information of the transmission quality requirements of cognitive stream, infer that cognitive base station can provide lasting reliability of service, to avoid the frequent switching of state; Then, cognitive flow transmission dedicated management entity disposes the cognitive information processing data packets mode of the radio link layer of cognitive flow transmission process, the physical channel bearing mode of physical layer and the various parameters of transmission channel kinds based on selected network schemer.
8. cognitive flow transmission method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: in the described step (2),
There is cognitive base station when detecting, and cognitive nodes can read the network information of dedicated broadcast channel, get access to the interior in a big way dynamic spectrum information that comprises that cognitive base station is detected, enliven link information can not local direct cognitive various information the time, the cognitive nodes under the centralized network mode of operation and the interaction flow of base station are:
(21) cognitive nodes is based on the broadcast message of cognitive base station, but again in conjunction with comprising the various local cognitive information of the frequency range holding time of local available frequency band, estimation with node distribution on every side, and the feasibility that inserts distributed mode estimates that be that criterion is made the access decision-making to pay the utmost attention to centralized: cognitive nodes sends the access request of the corresponding information that comprises transmission demand, local wireless environment and distributed access chance to cognitive base station;
(22) cognition in the cognitive base station is flowed special-purpose controlled entity and is adopted centralized media access control MAC mechanism, to all access request prioritization, after making the access control decision-making and distributing corresponding resource, broadcasts this access decision information; Described MAC mechanism is based on competitive mode or adopts the game theory method;
(23) if allow to insert, then the cognition in the cognitive nodes is flowed special-purpose controlled entity according to the resource of being distributed, and reconfigures each functional entity and the channel of link layer and physical layer, sets up transmission link; If this access failure is then postponed centralized access, or when satisfying corresponding conditions, transfer distributed access module to;
When cognitive nodes does not detect the existence of cognitive base station, perhaps do not satisfy centralized access conditions, the cognitive nodes under the distributed network mode of operation and the interaction flow of base station are:
(2A) node is carried out local wireless environment cognitive operation based on frequency spectrum perception, and sends the request of access on selected usable spectrum, starts the timing of wait-for-response simultaneously; Set timing thresholding T if surpass Resend, then retransmit this access request; Surpass setting access number of times thresholding N if retransmit number of times Restart, then detect wireless environment and selected new spectrum position again;
After (2B) other cognitive nodes receive the request of inserting, whether determine feedback response according to its destination locations; If self be destination node, then generate and insert response, and fill in the relevant information that to wait for timeliness comprising resource with situation and destination node, to support the estimation of source node to the transmission link reliability according to local cognitive information;
If (2C) source node is at setting-up time window (N Restart* T Resend) in receive and insert response, then in this message sets timeliness scope, finish and analyze and generate admission confirm, and during higher and corresponding coupling, send the admission confirm that this comprises reconfiguration information with transmission demand at transmission reliability; Otherwise, send cancellation and insert response or postpone the admission confirm that inserts response;
If (2D) destination node receives admission confirm, then cognitive flow transmission functional entity and channel are reshuffled according to information wherein; If do not receive admission confirm, this operation failure then.
9. cognitive flow transmission method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: in the described step (3), radio link layer handles the cognitive information packet and physical layer carrying bit stream all is provided with following dual mode:
The compatible extensions mode is based on existing traditional function entity and channel, carries the cognitive information packet by protocol extension: link layer expansion available data bag processing protocol increases the sign that guides to cognitive stream dedicated logical channel; Physical layer is used conventional transmission channel and physical channel carrying, and cognitive information is handled as conventional data packet; The protocol compatibility of this mode is strong, but transmission performance is subject to the conventional transmission controlled entity;
The special module mode is to increase the physical data channel of the direct carrying cognitive information packet of cognitive special use respectively in physical layer, and is used for the information packet transmission link is realized assist control and maintenance, the physical control channel of bearing link interactive information; These two cognitive DPCH are mapped to cognitive stream dedicated transmission channel, need set up special function entity and channel, so that satisfy the cognitive information transmission requirements to greatest extent.
10. cognitive flow transmission method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described cognitive flow transmission control messages is provided with following three kinds:
Controlling links message LinkCtrlMsg, be used to confirm and manage communication link between cognitive nodes, comprising: link establishment or removal request, link establishment or deletion response, link state inquiry, link configuration update request or/response and link failure Indication message;
Resource requirement or negotiation message ResNegMsg, be used for request that relates to allocation of radio resources or response that node is consulted or broadcasted, comprise: the relevant information of local usable spectrum status message, local frequency spectrum resource requirement message, spectrum reservation request or response, this landlord user interference strength and centralised allocation scheme;
Cognitive information inquiry or feedback message CogInfoInq/FedMsg, be used to obtain cognitive information and other information of other nodes: decision history inquiry or response comprise the reasoning mode of learning, stride the inquiry or the feedback message of the various cognitive abilities of layer self-adapting ability.
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