CN102147495B - Nonlinear fiber and ultrashort pulse generating device applying same - Google Patents
Nonlinear fiber and ultrashort pulse generating device applying same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102147495B CN102147495B CN2011100652618A CN201110065261A CN102147495B CN 102147495 B CN102147495 B CN 102147495B CN 2011100652618 A CN2011100652618 A CN 2011100652618A CN 201110065261 A CN201110065261 A CN 201110065261A CN 102147495 B CN102147495 B CN 102147495B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nonlinear fiber and an ultrashort pulse generating device applying the nonlinear fiber, relating to a special fiber and the application field of the special fiber. The nonlinear fiber comprises an external cladding layer, an internal cladding layer and an optical fiber core region, wherein the internal cladding layer is arranged in the external cladding layer; the optical fiber core region is formed by the hollow part in the internal cladding layer; the optical fiber core region is filled with nonlinear gas which is inert gas; and both ends of the optical fiber core region are respectively provided with a packaging window for sealing. The ultrashort pulse generating device comprises a picosecond pulse source, a focusing subsystem, an optical fiber and a dispersion compensating subsystem which are sequentially connected, wherein the optical fiber is the nonlinear optical fiber. The device can increase the anti-damage threshold of the optical fiber so as to increase the optical power density of the maximum unit area of incident light signals and improve the efficiency of optical nonlinear effect and the coupling efficiency, therefore, the optical fiber with low process complexity level and relatively low cost obtains the same or more superior performances.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to special optical fiber and application thereof, particularly relate to a kind of nonlinear optical fiber and use the ultrashort pulse generation device of this optical fiber.
Background technology
Along with the gradually increasing of informatization investment and the gradual perfection of information infrastructure, the communications industry and the non-communications industry constantly increase the demand of optical fiber cable and optoelectronic device, and present diversified trend, specification and the kind of optical fiber are limited at present, be difficult to satisfy various particular demands, the special optical fiber that therefore has different qualities and function is demanded exploitation urgently.Special optical fiber has become an industry that is full of opportunities and challenges as the important supplement of traditional fiber industry, and the stage of crosswise development and longitudinal extension is provided for the optical fiber industry.
In high-tech areas such as commercial production, science and techniques of defence and various scientific researches, needing can the incident high power light signal, have the special optical fiber of high damage threshold, and now widely used communication is with general single mode fiber and the existing air-core hollow optical fiber (being capillary fiber) that fills, because the fibre core aperture is too small, the air ionization threshold value is excessively low, and can't transmit the laser pulse of ultra high power respectively.In the communications industry, all-optical network needs the fiber optic telecommunications equipment of a large amount of function refinements as the development trend in future.Ultrashort light pulse light source, OPA (Optoelectric Pulse Amplifier, optoelectronic pulse optoelectronic switch), wavelength converter etc. is as the important composition parts of all-optical network, needs high, the abundant special optical fiber of broadening incident optical signal spectrum of non-linear efficient.
Present optical fiber mainly contains following several: DSF (Dispersion Shifted Fiber, dispersion shifted optical fiber), DDF (Dispersion Decreasing Fiber, dispersion decreasing fiber), DFF (Dispersion Flattened Fiber, Dispersion Flattened Fiber), PCF (Photonic Crystal Fiber, photonic crystal fiber) and HNL-DSF (Highly Non-Linear-Dispersion Shifted Fiber, high nonlinear dispersion shifted fiber).Wherein, the manufacture craft of DSF is relatively simple, but can be subject to modulating unsettled impact and deteriorated by the wide spectrum that DSF produces, and the spectrum width that other several optical fiber produce and smooth, greatly maybe need other elements that mix but draw difficulty, more complicated on the technique is so that expensive.In medical diagnosis and field of medical technology, especially various Minimally Invasive Surgeries and in peep medical treatment during, need that all infrared or green glow are had lower loss and higher coupling efficiency, but common silica fibre has stronger absorption loss at infrared region.
In sum, present optical fiber ubiquity optical fiber incident pulse power limited, non-linear efficient and coupling and efficient is on the low side, complex process degree and the higher defective of cost of manufacture.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned background technology, a kind of nonlinear optical fiber is provided and uses the ultrashort pulse generation device of this optical fiber, can promote the anti-damage threshold of optical fiber, to increase the maximum unit area optical power density of incident optical signal, improve efficient and the coupling efficiency of optical nonlinearity effect, low with the technique complexity and optical fiber relative low price obtains same or more superior performance.
Nonlinear optical fiber provided by the invention, comprise surrounding layer, inner cladding and fiber cores district, described inner cladding is arranged in the surrounding layer, hollow space in the inner cladding consists of the fiber cores district, inside, described fiber cores district is filled with non-linear gas, described non-linear gas is inert gas, two ends, described fiber cores district respectively are provided with a package window that is used for sealing, the encapsulation process in fiber cores district is as follows: two end faces in perpendicular cuts fiber cores district, wherein any end can be used as input end, ultraviolet glue evenly is bonded on the outside surface of package window, then solidify with UV-irradiation, again an end is packaged with the fiber cores district wiped clean of package window, and puts into vacuum tightness and be higher than 10
-5The vacuum glove box of Pa, in vacuum glove box, be filled with inert gas after, according to the bonding and solidification process of package window input end, finish the bonding of package window output terminal and solidify; Liquid ultrahigh vacuum glue is adopted in package window and perpendicular end surface junction at two ends, vacuum glove box inner fiber core district, seals once from the outside again; The length L of described nonlinear optical fiber＜＜group velocity dispersion length L in the nonlinear optical fiber
D, and the non-linear length L of L ≈
NL, the group velocity dispersion length L in the nonlinear optical fiber
D=T
o 2/ | β
2|, wherein, T
0Be the full width at half maximum of pulse, β
2GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion) for the hollow-core fiber that is filled with non-linear gas; Non-linear length L
NL=1/ (γ P
o), P
oBe the peak power of input optical pulse, γ is nonlinear factor, and γ=n
2ω
0/ cA
Eff, wherein, ω
0Be the centre frequency of laser, c is the light velocity in the vacuum, and n is medium refraction index, A
EffBe effective mode field area; Pulse in described nonlinear optical fiber always with strong unit area optical power density generation nonlinear interaction, in the nonlinear optical fiber from phase-modulation stretched pulse frequency spectrum.
In technique scheme, described package window is a kind of in the thin rod of lens, quartz glass, film or the general single mode fiber tail optical fiber.
In technique scheme, described package window is circular microlens.
In technique scheme, be coated with anti-reflection film on the outside surface of described package window.
In technique scheme, described surrounding layer is quartz or glass tube.
In technique scheme, described inner cladding adopts a kind of the making in electrolyte, metal, polymkeric substance or the silver coating.
Ultrashort pulse generation device provided by the invention comprises the picopulse source, focuson system, optical fiber and the dispersion compensation subsystem that link to each other in turn, and optical fiber is described nonlinear optical fiber.
In technique scheme, also be connected with in turn luminous power detecting instrument and spectrometer between described optical fiber and the dispersion compensation subsystem.
In technique scheme, the output terminal of described dispersion compensation subsystem is connected with autocorrelation pulse time-domain analysis instrument.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is as follows:
(1) can promote the anti-damage threshold of optical fiber, to increase the maximum unit area optical power density of incident optical signal, improve the maximum launched power threshold value of light signal.Because the aperture in the fiber cores district of nonlinear optical fiber is larger, and be filled with the non-linear gases such as inert gas as fibre core, make its ionization threshold high more a lot of than the damage threshold of common silica core and normal air core fibre, therefore can transmit high-power laser pulse.
(2) improve the coupling efficiency of light signal, and and optical fiber acquisition same or more superior performance relative low price low with the technique complexity.Package window hermetic fiber core district by nonlinear optical fiber, not only can improve the coupling efficiency of incident pulse, but also heavy vacuum chamber and a large amount of vacuum extractors have been saved, structure is light and handy, prepare comparatively simple, the complex process degree is low, and relative low price, has very strong practicality.
(3) efficient of raising optical nonlinearity effect.Because in the fiber cores district of nonlinear optical fiber, the phase place that modal dispersion causes is not mated the phase place that can the dispersion of compensating non-linear gas causes and is not mated, therefore so that the nonlinear optics functioning efficiency between light signal and the non-linear gas greatly improve.
(4) by to the aperture in thickness, material and the fiber cores district of inner cladding and the appropriate design of length, make nonlinear optical fiber can in very wide bands of a spectrum scope, support low-loss single mode transport, therefore, nonlinear optical fiber is particularly suitable for the spectrum widening of light signal, the near infrared light that not only can utilize its high coupling low-loss ground transmission medical industry to need, and the light signal of energy transmission light communication band, make the scope of application of nonlinear optical fiber more extensive.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of nonlinear optical fiber in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of having used the ultrashort pulse generation device of nonlinear optical fiber in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the light beam coupling efficient synoptic diagram in the embodiment of the invention.
Among the figure: 1-surrounding layer, 2-inner cladding, 3-fiber cores district, 4-package window, 5-picopulse source, 6-focuson system, 7-luminous power detecting instrument, 8-spectrometer, 9-dispersion compensation subsystem, 10-autocorrelation pulse time-domain analysis instrument.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Referring to shown in Figure 1, the nonlinear optical fiber that the embodiment of the invention provides, comprise surrounding layer 1, inner cladding 2, fiber cores district 3 and package window 4, referring to shown in Figure 2, inner cladding 2 is arranged in the surrounding layer 1, surrounding layer 1 is quartz or glass tube, a kind of the making that inner cladding 2 adopts in electrolyte, metal, polymkeric substance or the silver coating.Hollow space in the inner cladding 2 consists of fiber cores district 3, and 3 inside, fiber cores district are filled with non-linear gas (being preferably inert gas), and two ends respectively are provided with a package window 4 that is used for sealing.
Referring to shown in Figure 3, the embodiment of the invention also provides the ultrashort pulse of having used above-mentioned nonlinear optical fiber generation device, comprise the picopulse source 5, focuson system 6, nonlinear optical fiber, luminous power detecting instrument 7, spectrometer 8, dispersion compensation subsystem 9 and the autocorrelation pulse time-domain analysis instrument 10 that link to each other in turn, spectrometer 8 links to each other with the input end of dispersion compensation subsystem 9, and autocorrelation pulse time-domain analysis instrument 10 links to each other with the output terminal of dispersion compensation subsystem 9.
Manufacture process and the principle of the embodiment of the invention are elaborated as follows:
Nonlinear optical fiber in the embodiment of the invention, specifically adopting lenticule different types of inert gas (such as He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe etc.) to be encapsulated in the fiber cores district 3 of different pore size parameter makes, concrete encapsulation process is as follows: according to the method drawing optical fiber of common hollow-core fiber, draw the fiber cores district 3 with different parameters for different incident lights.Two end faces in perpendicular cuts fiber cores district 3, wherein any end can be used as input end, and ultraviolet glue evenly is bonded on the lenticular outside surface, to improve coupling efficiency, then solidifies with UV-irradiation.Again an end is packaged with lenticular fiber cores district 3 wiped clean, and puts into vacuum tightness and be higher than 10
-5The vacuum glove box of Pa.After in case, being filled with certain inert gas, lenticular bonding similar with solidification process with input end, finish the lenticular bonding and solidification process of output terminal.For making obturation effect better, can adopt liquid ultrahigh vacuum glue in lenticule and the perpendicular end surface junction at 3 two ends, vacuum glove box inner fiber core district, seal once again from the outside.
In optical fiber communication time division multiplex field, the nonlinear optical fiber that can use in the embodiment of the invention is made the ultrashort pulse generation device, and concrete manufacture process and principle are described in detail as follows:
The first step: in inert gas filled seal operation case, utilize lenticule packaged fiber core district 3, prepare the nonlinear optical fiber that has different pore size and length and be filled with the variety classes inert gas.
Second step: utilize autocorrelation pulse time-domain analysis instrument 10, measure the concrete beam shape in picopulse source 5, and calculate the spot size of its part with a tight waist, calculate again the aperture a of required nonlinear optical fiber according to beam waist diameter ω.Concrete computation process is as follows: suppose the vertically focuson system 6 of symmetry of a branch of Gaussian beam, incide in the nonlinear optical fiber that the aperture is a, then will excite EH
1mMode transfer.Because EH
11Pattern has the minimal losses value of theoretical transmission, therefore most of Energy Coupling of input optical pulse should be advanced EH
11Mould.Referring to shown in Figure 4, the nonlinear optical fiber for a given ω/a (beam waist diameter/aperture ratio) is coupled to each EH
1mThe efficient relative size of pattern satisfies the light beam coupling relationship between efficiency among Fig. 4.As shown in Figure 4, when ω/a ≈ 0.64, it is maximum that coupling efficiency η reaches.Size even with a tight waist is 160 μ m, and then the aperture a of nonlinear optical fiber should get 250 μ m.At this moment, because the higher order mode decay is excessive, pulse still can keep the single mode transport of long distance in nonlinear optical fiber.
The 3rd step: the group velocity dispersion length L in the nonlinear optical fiber
DAnd non-linear length L
NLBe the Length Quantity of explanation operating distance in the radial direction light pulse evolution process of nonlinear optical fiber, concrete computation process is as follows: the group velocity dispersion length L
D=T
o 2/ | β
2|, wherein, T
0Be the full width at half maximum of pulse, β
2GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion, GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion)) for the hollow-core fiber that is filled with non-linear gas.Non-linear length L
NL=1/ (γ P
o), P
oBe the peak power of input optical pulse, γ is nonlinear factor, and γ=n
2ω
0/ cA
Eff, wherein, ω
0Be the centre frequency of laser, c is the light velocity in the vacuum, and n is medium refraction index, A
EffBe effective mode field area.When the length L of nonlinear optical fiber＜＜L
D, and L ≈ L
NLThe time, the evolution process of pulse mainly is that SPM (from phase-modulation) works in the nonlinear optical fiber, it will cause the pulse frequency spectrum broadening.
The 4th step: after second step has determined that the aperture a of nonlinear optical fiber and the 3rd step have been determined the length of nonlinear optical fiber, can according to the degree of the unit area optical power density of incident pulse and spectrum needs broadening, select the kind of inert gas.Generally speaking, the atomic weight of inert gas is larger, and its nonlinear factor is larger, is 2.78 * 10 such as the nonlinear factor of Krypton
-23m
2/ Wbar is higher than 9.8 * 10 of argon gas
-24m
2/ Wbar, the also to some extent difference of degree of SPM process occurs in it.
The 5th step: can obtain the nonlinear optical fiber that is filled with inert gas that the required lenticule of present embodiment encapsulates through above-mentioned four steps, recycle this nonlinear optical fiber and make the ultrashort pulse generation device.Referring to shown in Figure 3, the laser pulse of picopulse source 5 outputs, line focus subsystem 6 is focused into the laser pulse that the beam waist diameter is ω, after this laser pulse power was adjusted to less value, the input end lenticule through fiber cores district 3 was coupled into transmission in the fiber cores district 3 that is filled with inert gas that length is L.By the lenticular relative position of input end in fine adjustments laser pulse and fiber cores district 3, and observation and the optical power monitoring instrument 7 that fiber cores district 3 output terminals are connected, make output optical pulse power transfer to maximum, mean that namely coupling efficiency reaches the highest.At this moment, progressively increase the laser pulse luminous power of picopulse source 5 output, observe in nonlinear optical fiber the nonlinear interaction such as SPM by spectrometer 8 and the pulse spectrum of broadening.According to the smooth degree of spectrum and the spectral width of broadening, select required best incident optical power.Because the GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion, GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion)) of the mode producing in the fiber cores district 3 is negative dispersion, therefore can cancel out each other with the positive dispersion that inert gas produces.Owing to do not have GVD that pulse energy is disperseed, so pulse can be always with stronger unit area optical power density generation nonlinear interaction, so that nonlinear interaction efficient greatly improves in nonlinear optical fiber.Then, spectrum enters dispersion compensation subsystem 9 through laser pulse 3 output terminal lenticules output from the fiber cores district of abundant broadening, by the anomalous dispersion in the dispersion compensation subsystem 9, finishes the narrow and shaping of the pressure of light pulse on time domain.Enter at last in the autocorrelation pulse time-domain analysis instrument 10, the duration of paired pulses measures.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to the present invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
The content that is not described in detail in this instructions belongs to the known prior art of this area professional and technical personnel.
Claims (9)
1. nonlinear optical fiber, comprise surrounding layer (1), inner cladding (2) and fiber cores district (3), described inner cladding (2) is arranged in the surrounding layer (1), hollow space in the inner cladding (2) consists of fiber cores district (3), it is characterized in that: inside, described fiber cores district (3) is filled with non-linear gas, described non-linear gas is inert gas, two ends, described fiber cores district (3) respectively are provided with a package window (4) that is used for sealing, the encapsulation process in fiber cores district (3) is as follows: two end faces in perpendicular cuts fiber cores district (3), wherein any end can be used as input end, ultraviolet glue evenly is bonded on the outside surface of package window (4), then solidify with UV-irradiation, again an end is packaged with fiber cores district (3) wiped clean of package window (4), and puts into vacuum tightness and be higher than 10
-5The vacuum glove box of Pa, in vacuum glove box, be filled with inert gas after, according to the bonding and solidification process of package window (4) input end, finish the bonding of package window (4) output terminal and solidify; Package window (4) and perpendicular end surface junction at two ends, vacuum glove box inner fiber core district (3) adopt liquid ultrahigh vacuum glue, seal once from the outside again;
The length L of described nonlinear optical fiber＜＜group velocity dispersion length L in the nonlinear optical fiber
D, and the non-linear length L of L ≈
NL, the group velocity dispersion length L in the nonlinear optical fiber
D=T
o 2/ | β
2|, wherein, T
0Be the full width at half maximum of pulse, β
2GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion) for the hollow-core fiber that is filled with non-linear gas; Non-linear length L
NL=1/ (γ P
o), P
oBe the peak power of input optical pulse, γ is nonlinear factor, and γ=n
2ω
0/ cA
Eff, wherein, ω
0Be the centre frequency of laser, c is the light velocity in the vacuum, and n is medium refraction index, A
EffBe effective mode field area; Pulse in described nonlinear optical fiber always with strong unit area optical power density generation nonlinear interaction, in the nonlinear optical fiber from phase-modulation stretched pulse frequency spectrum.
2. nonlinear optical fiber as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: a kind of in lens, the thin rod of quartz glass, film or the general single mode fiber tail optical fiber of described package window (4).
3. nonlinear optical fiber as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described package window (4) is circular microlens.
4. nonlinear optical fiber as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be coated with anti-reflection film on the outside surface of described package window (4).
5. such as the described nonlinear optical fiber of each claim of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: described surrounding layer (1) is quartz or glass tube.
6. such as the described nonlinear optical fiber of each claim of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: described inner cladding (2) adopts a kind of the making in electrolyte, metal, polymkeric substance or the silver coating.
7. ultrashort pulse generation device, comprise the picopulse source (5), focuson system (6), optical fiber and the dispersion compensation subsystem (9) that link to each other in turn, it is characterized in that: described optical fiber is each described nonlinear optical fiber in the claim 1 to 6.
8. ultrashort pulse generation device as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: also be connected with in turn luminous power detecting instrument (7) and spectrometer (8) between described optical fiber and the dispersion compensation subsystem (9).
9. such as claim 7 or 8 described ultrashort pulse generation devices, it is characterized in that: the output terminal of described dispersion compensation subsystem (9) is connected with autocorrelation pulse time-domain analysis instrument (10).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102338905B (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2013-01-23 | 江苏大学 | Optical fiber for transmitting terahertz waves |
| CN102354017B (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2013-05-08 | 江苏大学 | Terahertz transmission fiber |
| CN103901699B (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2016-05-11 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | The femtosecond laser pulse width compression device of cutting apart based on pulse |
| LU100495B1 (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-05-22 | Highyag Lasertechnologie Gmbh | Ultra short pulse laser light guide cable |
| JP7281553B2 (en) | 2019-03-25 | 2023-05-25 | エーエスエムエル ネザーランズ ビー．ブイ． | Frequency extension device and method |
| CN111245516B (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2022-04-19 | 广东工业大学 | Optical fiber amplifier |
| CN111969399B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-09-14 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Pulse self-compression system based on Kagome hollow photonic crystal fiber and coupling adjustment method thereof |
| CN112921375A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-08 | 张英华 | Optical fiber tube of optical quantum communication optical cable and inner surface electroplating and chemical plating method |
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| US4201446A (en) * | 1978-10-20 | 1980-05-06 | Honeywell Inc. | Fiber optic temperature sensor using liquid component fiber |
| CN1517732A (en) * | 2003-01-15 | 2004-08-04 | ̩ | Optical fibre of core filled and its manufacturing method |
| CN101446664A (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2009-06-03 | 江苏亨通光电股份有限公司 | Hollow quartz plastic special optical fiber |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101241209A (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2008-08-13 | 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 | Hollow light guiding cone coupling vacuum transmission laser device |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4201446A (en) * | 1978-10-20 | 1980-05-06 | Honeywell Inc. | Fiber optic temperature sensor using liquid component fiber |
| CN1517732A (en) * | 2003-01-15 | 2004-08-04 | ̩ | Optical fibre of core filled and its manufacturing method |
| CN101446664A (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2009-06-03 | 江苏亨通光电股份有限公司 | Hollow quartz plastic special optical fiber |
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Address after: 430074, No. 88, postal academy road, Hongshan District, Hubei, Wuhan Patentee after: Wuhan post and Telecommunications Science Research Institute Co., Ltd. Address before: 430074, No. 88, postal academy road, Hongshan District, Hubei, Wuhan Patentee before: Wuhan Inst. of Post & Telecom Science |