CN102147495A - Nonlinear fiber and ultrashort pulse generating device applying same - Google Patents
Nonlinear fiber and ultrashort pulse generating device applying same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102147495A CN102147495A CN2011100652618A CN201110065261A CN102147495A CN 102147495 A CN102147495 A CN 102147495A CN 2011100652618 A CN2011100652618 A CN 2011100652618A CN 201110065261 A CN201110065261 A CN 201110065261A CN 102147495 A CN102147495 A CN 102147495A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nonlinear fiber and an ultrashort pulse generating device applying the nonlinear fiber, relating to a special fiber and the application field of the special fiber. The nonlinear fiber comprises an external cladding layer, an internal cladding layer and an optical fiber core region, wherein the internal cladding layer is arranged in the external cladding layer; the optical fiber core region is formed by the hollow part in the internal cladding layer; the optical fiber core region is filled with nonlinear gas; and both ends of the optical fiber core region are respectively provided with a packaging window for sealing. The ultrashort pulse generating device comprises a picosecond pulse source, a focusing subsystem, an optical fiber and a dispersion compensating subsystem which are sequentially connected, wherein the optical fiber is the nonlinear optical fiber. The device can increase the anti-damage threshold of the optical fiber so as to increase the optical power density of the maximum unit area of incident light signals and improve the efficiency of optical nonlinear effect and the coupling efficiency, therefore, the optical fiber with low process complexity level and relatively low cost obtains the same or more superior performances.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to special optical fiber and application thereof, particularly relate to a kind of nonlinear optical fiber and use the ultrashort pulse generation device of this optical fiber.
Background technology
Along with strengthening gradually and information infrastructure progressively perfect of informatization investment, the communications industry and the non-communications industry constantly increase the demand of optical fiber cable and optoelectronic device, and present diversified trend, the specification and the kind of optical fiber are limited at present, be difficult to satisfy various particular demands, the special optical fiber that therefore has different qualities and function is demanded exploitation urgently.Special optical fiber has become an industry that is full of opportunities and challenges as the important supplement of traditional fiber industry, and the stage of crosswise development and longitudinal extension is provided for the optical fiber industry.
In high-tech areas such as commercial production, science and techniques of defence and various scientific researches, needing can the incident high power light signal, have the special optical fiber of high damage threshold, and present widely used communication is with general single mode fiber and the existing air-core hollow optical fiber (being capillary fiber) that fills, because the fibre core aperture is too small, the air ionization threshold value is low excessively, and can't transmit the laser pulse of ultra high power respectively.In the communications industry, all-optical network needs the fiber optic telecommunications equipment of a large amount of function refinements as development in future trend.Ultrashort light pulse light source, OPA (Optoelectric Pulse Amplifier, optoelectronic pulse optoelectronic switch), wavelength conversion device etc. is as the important composition parts of all-optical network, needs non-linear efficient height, the abundant special optical fiber of broadening incident optical signal spectrum.
Present optical fiber mainly contains following several: DSF (Dispersion Shifted Fiber, dispersion shifted optical fiber), DDF (Dispersion Decreasing Fiber, dispersion decreasing fiber), DFF (Dispersion Flattened Fiber, Dispersion Flattened Fiber), PCF (Photonic Crystal Fiber, photonic crystal fiber) and HNL-DSF (Highly Non-Linear-Dispersion Shifted Fiber, high non-linearity dispersion shifted optical fiber).Wherein, the manufacture craft of DSF is simple relatively, but the wide spectrum that produces by DSF can be subjected to modulating unsettled influence and deterioration, and the spectrum width that other several optical fiber produce and smooth, greatly maybe need other elements that mix but draw difficulty, more complicated on the technology makes to cost an arm and a leg.In medical diagnosis and field of medical technology, especially various Minimally Invasive Surgeries and in peep medical treatment during, need that all infrared or green glow are had lower loss and higher coupling efficiency, but common silica fibre has stronger absorption loss at infrared region.
In sum, present limited, non-linear efficient of optical fiber ubiquity optical fiber input pulse power and coupling and efficient is on the low side, complex process degree and the higher defective of cost of manufacture.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned background technology, a kind of nonlinear optical fiber is provided and uses the ultrashort pulse generation device of this optical fiber, can promote the anti-damage threshold of optical fiber, to increase the maximum unit area optical power density of incident optical signal, improve the efficient and the coupling efficiency of optical nonlinearity effect, low with the technology complexity and optical fiber relative low price obtains same or more superior performance.
Nonlinear optical fiber provided by the invention, comprise surrounding layer, inner cladding and fiber cores district, described inner cladding is arranged in the surrounding layer, and the hollow space in the inner cladding constitutes the fiber cores district, inside, described fiber cores district is filled with non-linear gas, and two ends respectively are provided with a package window that is used to seal.
In technique scheme, described non-linear gas is inert gas.
In technique scheme, described package window is a kind of in the thin rod of lens, quartz glass, film or the general single mode fiber tail optical fiber.
In technique scheme, described package window is a circular microlens.
In technique scheme, be coated with anti-reflection film on the outside surface of described package window.
In technique scheme, described surrounding layer is quartz or glass tube.
In technique scheme, described inner cladding adopts a kind of the making in electrolyte, metal, polymkeric substance or the silver coating.
Ultrashort pulse generation device provided by the invention comprises the picopulse source, focuson system, optical fiber and the dispersion compensation subsystem that link to each other in turn, and optical fiber is described nonlinear optical fiber.
In technique scheme, also be connected with luminous power detecting instrument and spectrometer between described optical fiber and the dispersion compensation subsystem in turn.
In technique scheme, the output terminal of described dispersion compensation subsystem is connected with autocorrelation pulse time-domain analysis instrument.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is as follows:
(1) can promote the anti-damage threshold of optical fiber,, improve the maximum launched power threshold value of light signal to increase the maximum unit area optical power density of incident optical signal.Because the aperture in the fiber cores district of nonlinear optical fiber is bigger, and be filled with non-linear gases such as inert gas as fibre core, make its ionization threshold high more a lot, therefore can transmit high-power laser pulse than the damage threshold of common silica core and normal air core fibre.
(2) improve the coupling efficiency of light signal, and and optical fiber acquisition same or more superior performance relative low price low with the technology complexity.Package window hermetic fiber core district by nonlinear optical fiber, not only can improve the coupling efficiency of incident pulse, but also heavy vacuum chamber and a large amount of vacuum extractors have been saved, structure is light and handy, prepare comparatively simple, the complex process degree is low, and relative low price, has very strong practicality.
(3) efficient of raising optical nonlinearity effect.Because in the fiber cores district of nonlinear optical fiber, the phase place that modal dispersion the causes phase place that can the chromatic dispersion of compensating non-linear gas causes that do not match does not match, and therefore makes the nonlinear optics functioning efficiency between light signal and the non-linear gas improve greatly.
(4) by to the aperture in thickness, material and the fiber cores district of inner cladding and the appropriate design of length, make nonlinear optical fiber can in very wide bands of a spectrum scope, support low-loss single mode transport, therefore, nonlinear optical fiber is particularly suitable for the spectrum widening of light signal, the near infrared light that not only can utilize its high coupling low-loss ground transmission medical industry to need, and can transmit the light signal of optical communicating waveband, make the scope of application of nonlinear optical fiber more extensive.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of nonlinear optical fiber in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is for having used the structural representation of the ultrashort pulse generation device of nonlinear optical fiber in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the light beam coupling efficient synoptic diagram in the embodiment of the invention.
Among the figure: 1-surrounding layer, 2-inner cladding, 3-fiber cores district, 4-package window, 5-picopulse source, 6-focuson system, 7-luminous power detecting instrument, 8-spectrometer, 9-dispersion compensation subsystem, 10-autocorrelation pulse time-domain analysis instrument.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Referring to shown in Figure 1, the nonlinear optical fiber that the embodiment of the invention provides, comprise surrounding layer 1, inner cladding 2, fiber cores district 3 and package window 4, referring to shown in Figure 2, inner cladding 2 is arranged in the surrounding layer 1, surrounding layer 1 is quartz or glass tube, a kind of the making that inner cladding 2 adopts in electrolyte, metal, polymkeric substance or the silver coating.Hollow space in the inner cladding 2 constitutes fiber cores district 3, and 3 inside, fiber cores district are filled with non-linear gas (being preferably inert gas), and two ends respectively are provided with a package window that is used to seal 4.
Referring to shown in Figure 3, the embodiment of the invention also provides the ultrashort pulse of having used above-mentioned nonlinear optical fiber generation device, comprise the picopulse source 5, focuson system 6, nonlinear optical fiber, luminous power detecting instrument 7, spectrometer 8, dispersion compensation subsystem 9 and the autocorrelation pulse time-domain analysis instrument 10 that link to each other in turn, spectrometer 8 links to each other with the input end of dispersion compensation subsystem 9, and autocorrelation pulse time-domain analysis instrument 10 links to each other with the output terminal of dispersion compensation subsystem 9.
The manufacture process and the principle of the embodiment of the invention are elaborated as follows:
Nonlinear optical fiber in the embodiment of the invention, specifically be to adopt lenticule different types of inert gas (for example He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe etc.) to be encapsulated in the fiber cores district 3 of different aperture parameters to make, concrete encapsulation process is as follows: according to the method drawing optical fiber of common hollow-core fiber, draw the fiber cores district 3 with different parameters at different incident lights.Two end faces in perpendicular cuts fiber cores district 3, wherein any end can be used as input end, and ultraviolet glue evenly is bonded on the lenticular outside surface, to improve coupling efficiency, then solidifies with UV-irradiation.Again an end is packaged with lenticular fiber cores district 3 wiped clean, and puts into vacuum tightness and be higher than 10
-5The vacuum glove box of Pa.After in case, charging into certain inert gas, lenticular bonding similar with input end with solidification process, finish the lenticular bonding and solidification process of output terminal.For making obturation effect better, can adopt liquid ultrahigh vacuum glue in the lenticule and the perpendicular end surface junction at 3 two ends, vacuum glove box inner fiber core district, seal once again from the outside.
In optical fiber communication time division multiplex field, the nonlinear optical fiber that can use in the embodiment of the invention is made the ultrashort pulse generation device, and concrete manufacture process and principle are described in detail as follows:
The first step: in inert gas filled seal operation case, utilize lenticule packaged fiber core district 3, prepare the nonlinear optical fiber that has different apertures and length and be filled with the variety classes inert gas.
Second step: utilize autocorrelation pulse time-domain analysis instrument 10, measure the concrete beam shape in picopulse source 5, and calculate the spot size of its part with a tight waist, calculate the aperture a of required nonlinear optical fiber again according to beam waist diameter ω.Concrete computation process is as follows: suppose a branch of Gaussian beam focuson system 6 of symmetry vertically, incide in the nonlinear optical fiber that the aperture is a, then will excite EH
1mMode transfer.Because EH
11Pattern has the minimal losses value of theoretical transmission, therefore most of energy of input optical pulse should be coupled into EH
11Mould.Referring to shown in Figure 4, the nonlinear optical fiber for a given ω/a (beam waist diameter/aperture ratio) is coupled to each EH
1mThe efficient relative size of pattern satisfies the light beam coupling relationship between efficiency among Fig. 4.As shown in Figure 4, when ω/a ≈ 0.64, it is maximum that coupling efficiency η reaches.Size even with a tight waist is 160 μ m, and then the aperture a of nonlinear optical fiber should get 250 μ m.At this moment, because the higher order mode decay is excessive, pulse still can keep the single mode transport of long distance in nonlinear optical fiber.
The 3rd step: the group velocity dispersion length L in the nonlinear optical fiber
DAnd non-linear length L
NLBe the length amount of explanation operating distance in the radial direction light pulse evolution process of nonlinear optical fiber, concrete computation process is as follows: the group velocity dispersion length L
D=T
o 2/ | β
2|, wherein, T
0Be the full width at half maximum of pulse, β
2GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion, GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion)) for the hollow-core fiber that is filled with non-linear gas.Non-linear length L
NL=1/ (γ P
o), P
oBe the peak power of input optical pulse, γ is a nonlinear factor, and γ=n
2ω
0/ cA
Eff, wherein, ω
0Be the centre frequency of laser, c is the light velocity in the vacuum, and n is a medium refraction index, A
EffBe effective mode field area.When the length L of nonlinear optical fiber＜＜L
D, and L ≈ L
NLThe time, the evolution process of pulse mainly is that SPM (from phase modulation (PM)) works in the nonlinear optical fiber, it will cause the pulse frequency spectrum broadening.
The 4th step: after having determined that in second step aperture a of nonlinear optical fiber and the 3rd step have been determined the length of nonlinear optical fiber, can select the kind of inert gas according to the degree of the unit area optical power density of incident pulse and spectrum needs broadening.Generally speaking, the atomic weight of inert gas is big more, and its nonlinear factor is big more, is 2.78 * 10 as the nonlinear factor of krypton gas
-23m
2/ Wbar is higher than 9.8 * 10 of argon gas
-24m
2/ Wbar, the also difference to some extent of degree of SPM process takes place in it.
The 5th step: can obtain the nonlinear optical fiber that is filled with inert gas that the required lenticule of present embodiment encapsulates through above-mentioned four steps, utilize this nonlinear optical fiber to make the ultrashort pulse generation device again.Referring to shown in Figure 3, the laser pulse of picopulse source 5 outputs, line focus subsystem 6 is focused into the laser pulse that the beam waist diameter is ω, after this laser pulse power was adjusted to less value, the input end lenticule through fiber cores district 3 was coupled into transmission in the fiber cores district 3 that is filled with inert gas that length is L.By the lenticular relative position of input end in fine adjustments laser pulse and fiber cores district 3, and observation and the optical power monitoring instrument 7 that fiber cores district 3 output terminals are connected, make output optical pulse power transfer to maximum, mean that promptly coupling efficiency reaches the highest.At this moment, progressively increase the laser pulse luminous power of picopulse source 5 output, observe in nonlinear optical fiber nonlinear interaction such as SPM by spectrometer 8 and the pulse spectrum of broadening.According to the smooth degree of spectrum and the spectral width of broadening, select required best incident optical power.Because the GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion, GVD (Group Velocity Dispersion)) of the mode producing in the fiber cores district 3 is negative dispersion, therefore can cancel out each other with the positive dispersion that inert gas produces.Owing to do not have GVD that pulse energy is disperseed, so pulse can make nonlinear interaction efficient greatly improve always with stronger unit area optical power density generation nonlinear interaction in nonlinear optical fiber.Then, spectrum enters dispersion compensation subsystem 9 through laser pulse 3 output terminal lenticules output from the fiber cores district of abundant broadening, by the anomalous dispersion in the dispersion compensation subsystem 9, finishes the narrow and shaping of the pressure of light pulse on time domain.Enter at last in the autocorrelation pulse time-domain analysis instrument 10, the duration of paired pulses measures.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to the present invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
The content that is not described in detail in this instructions belongs to this area professional and technical personnel's known prior art.
Claims (10)
1. nonlinear optical fiber, comprise surrounding layer (1), inner cladding (2) and fiber cores district (3), described inner cladding (2) is arranged in the surrounding layer (1), hollow space in the inner cladding (2) constitutes fiber cores district (3), it is characterized in that: inside, described fiber cores district (3) is filled with non-linear gas, and two ends respectively are provided with a package window that is used to seal (4).
2. nonlinear optical fiber as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described non-linear gas is inert gas.
3. nonlinear optical fiber as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described package window (4) is a kind of in the thin rod of lens, quartz glass, film or the general single mode fiber tail optical fiber.
4. nonlinear optical fiber as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described package window (4) is a circular microlens.
5. nonlinear optical fiber as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be coated with anti-reflection film on the outside surface of described package window (4).
6. as the described nonlinear optical fiber of each claim of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: described surrounding layer (1) is quartz or glass tube.
7. as the described nonlinear optical fiber of each claim of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: described inner cladding (2) adopts a kind of the making in electrolyte, metal, polymkeric substance or the silver coating.
8. a ultrashort pulse generation device comprises the picopulse source (5), focuson system (6), optical fiber and the dispersion compensation subsystem (9) that link to each other in turn, and it is characterized in that: described optical fiber is each described nonlinear optical fiber in the claim 1 to 7.
9. ultrashort pulse generation device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: also be connected with luminous power detecting instrument (7) and spectrometer (8) between described optical fiber and the dispersion compensation subsystem (9) in turn.
10. ultrashort pulse generation device as claimed in claim 8 or 9, it is characterized in that: the output terminal of described dispersion compensation subsystem (9) is connected with autocorrelation pulse time-domain analysis instrument (10).
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Cited By (8)
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| CN102338905A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-02-01 | 江苏大学 | Optical fiber for transmitting terahertz waves |
| CN102354017A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-02-15 | 江苏大学 | Terahertz transmission fiber |
| CN103901699A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Femtosecond laser pulse width compressing device based on pulse segmentation |
| US20190113679A1 (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-04-18 | Highyag Lasertechnologie Gmbh | Ultra-short pulse laser light guide cable |
| CN111245516A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-06-05 | 广东工业大学 | Optical fiber amplifier |
| CN111969399A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-20 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Pulse self-compression system based on Kagome hollow photonic crystal fiber and coupling adjustment method thereof |
| CN112921375A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-08 | 张英华 | Optical fiber tube of optical quantum communication optical cable and inner surface electroplating and chemical plating method |
| US11733617B2 (en) | 2019-03-25 | 2023-08-22 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Frequency broadening apparatus and method |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102338905A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-02-01 | 江苏大学 | Optical fiber for transmitting terahertz waves |
| CN102354017A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-02-15 | 江苏大学 | Terahertz transmission fiber |
| CN102354017B (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2013-05-08 | 江苏大学 | Terahertz transmission fiber |
| CN103901699A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Femtosecond laser pulse width compressing device based on pulse segmentation |
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| US11733617B2 (en) | 2019-03-25 | 2023-08-22 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Frequency broadening apparatus and method |
| CN111245516A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-06-05 | 广东工业大学 | Optical fiber amplifier |
| CN111969399A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-20 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Pulse self-compression system based on Kagome hollow photonic crystal fiber and coupling adjustment method thereof |
| CN111969399B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-09-14 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Pulse self-compression system based on Kagome hollow photonic crystal fiber and coupling adjustment method thereof |
| CN112921375A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-08 | 张英华 | Optical fiber tube of optical quantum communication optical cable and inner surface electroplating and chemical plating method |
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| CN102147495B (en) | 2013-04-10 |
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Address after: 430074, No. 88, postal academy road, Hongshan District, Hubei, Wuhan Patentee after: Wuhan post and Telecommunications Science Research Institute Co., Ltd. Address before: 430074, No. 88, postal academy road, Hongshan District, Hubei, Wuhan Patentee before: Wuhan Inst. of Post & Telecom Science |