CN102147367A - Method for detecting crop stress physiology and appraising stress resistance by delayed fluorescence spectrum - Google Patents
Method for detecting crop stress physiology and appraising stress resistance by delayed fluorescence spectrum Download PDFInfo
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- CN102147367A CN102147367A CN 201010613685 CN201010613685A CN102147367A CN 102147367 A CN102147367 A CN 102147367A CN 201010613685 CN201010613685 CN 201010613685 CN 201010613685 A CN201010613685 A CN 201010613685A CN 102147367 A CN102147367 A CN 102147367A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting crop stress physiology and appraising stress resistance by a delayed fluorescence spectrum, which comprises the following steps: selecting a plurality of groups of leaves at different positions of crops with similar growing state to serve as samples for realizing the detection for the stress physiology and the appraising for the stress resistance, and carrying out adversity stress treatment on a whole operable object and a leaf sample. The invention is characterized in that the method also comprises the step of detecting the characteristic peak value ratio F730/F685 of a light-induction delayed fluorescence emission spectrum of the leaf of the living crop under the adversity stress, so as to reflect physiology variation condition of the crop under the adversity stress, and the physiology variation condition is combined with the characteristic peak value F730/F685 of the crop in the most favorable growing environment so as to judge the damage condition of the adversity stress and the degree of the stress resistance of the crop. The method is simple to operate, has good controllability, is affected by external environmental factors a little and can accurately detect the damage degree and the degree of the stress resistance of the crop under temperature stress.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spectrum test, relate in particular to a kind of method of identifying with delayed fluorescence spectral detection crop stress physiology and resistance.
Background technology
The environment stress that influences growth and development of plants and crop yield has a lot, and for example the side of body, the salt side of body, radiation, water pollution, soil pollution, atmospheric pollution, agricultural chemicals, disease and pest etc. are coerced, frozen to arid, waterlogging, the cold side of body, heat.Carry out plant especially the crops stress physiology detect and the research of resistance authenticate technology, resistance size for accurate judgement crop, rapid screening resistance new varieties, and then realization improvement of crop cultivar, ensure the higher yield of crops stable yields, guarantee that agricultural sustainable development has important significance for theories and using value.In the plant stress physiology detects, use to such an extent that mainly contain two kinds of methods more widely at present, a kind of for detecting the infrared ray gas analysis method of photosynthetic capacity size, another kind of for detecting the chlorophyll fluorescence analytic approach of fluorescence induction kinetic curve parameter.With the exception of this, also has the physico-chemical analysis method that some traditional stress physiologies detect and resistance is identified.The infrared ray gas analysis method is to utilize carbon dioxide ultrared absorptivity to be detected the method that how much realizes photosynthetic capacity detection under the environment stress of the amount of being absorbed of infrared energy, because there are the problems such as the external environment factor affecting is big, Measuring Time is long that are subjected in the singularity of its detection method.And the chlorophyll fluorescence analytic approach is to utilize the laser induced fluorescence technology to carry out the method that fluorescence parameter detects and analyzes under the adverse circumstance, though be stress physiology detection method with the most use now, exist that weak output signal, parameter mix, the big problems such as (fluorescence parameter are subject to the influence of factors such as external environment and plant self physiological situation) of parameter fluctuation.Traditional physico-chemical analysis method also exist experimental period long, experimental procedure is loaded down with trivial details, workload is big, the not high shortcoming of sensitivity.As seen, existing method of carrying out detection of plant stress physiology and resistance evaluation all has different separately shortcomings, therefore has some problems in actual applications, is unfavorable for popularizing in agricultural production.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming and defect that prior art exists, provide a kind of simple to operate, controllability good, be subjected to the external environment factor affecting little, can accurately detect the method for disconnected crop environment stress degree of injury and resistance size.
Technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of method of identifying with delayed fluorescence spectral detection crop stress physiology and resistance is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1.1 select some groups of blades of similar crop of growth conditions and/or the different growth site of this crop leaf, be generally 5～10 groups, 5～8 similar blades of every group selection carry out stress physiology and detect the sample of identifying with resistance;
Carry out the environment stress processing 1.2 will put in order strain crop and/or sample; Described environment stress means coerces, freezes envirment factors such as the side of body, the salt side of body, radiation, water pollution, soil pollution, atmospheric pollution to what crop and/or sample were created such as arid, waterlogging, the cold side of body, heat;
1.3 at room temperature measure the delayed fluorescence emission spectrum of crop leaf, its technological process is:
1.3.1 crop leaf is placed the sample chamber dark adatpation 30min of the fluorescence spectrophotometer that has phosphorescence or delayed fluorescence measuring ability under the room temperature;
1.3.2 it is blue light 470～500nm and ruddiness 650～680nm scope that the excitation source of spectrum is selected wavelength, intensity is 0～2500 μ molm
-2S
-1
1.3.3 the time of the even irradiation blade of excitation source is 0～1min;
1.3.4 stopping to be energized into the interval time of gathering blade delayed fluorescence spectrum is 0.01～1s;
1.3.5 the receiver wavelength range of delayed fluorescence spectra collection is 185～900nm, gain amplifier is 1 * 10
8
1.4 the delayed fluorescence emission spectrum to crop leaf under the environment stress condition is analyzed, adopt commercialization ORIGIN software that the data of described spectrometer output are analyzed, seek near the peak-peak of emission spectrum characteristics peak 685nm and 730nm, be recorded as F685 and F730 respectively, calculate F730/F685 thus;
1.5 measure the value of the delayed fluorescence emission spectrum peakedness ratio F730/F685 of crop under different environment stresses;
1.6 with the F730/F685 value record of crop under the healthy growth condition is optimum ratio F
Op, the F730/F685 value record under the environment stress physiological condition is F
Stress
1.7 compare F
OpWith F
StressDifference, judged by the damage status of photosynthetic function to crop;
1.8 compare Different Crop F under identical environment stress
OpWith F
StressDifference, can identify the resistance size of Different Crop.
The inventor discovers, the delayed fluorescence emission spectrum of plant leaf blade can reflect the plant photosynthesis function comes to harm under the environment stress the degree and the size of resistance effectively; Different coercing under the environment, the delayed fluorescence emission spectrum takes place obviously to change, especially the peak-peak F685 and the F730 of near the characteristic peak 685nm and the 730nm; The ratio F730/F685 of two peak-peaks is more remarkable with the variation of the situation of coercing, and with Net Photosynthetic Rate and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fv/Fm good positive correlation is arranged; The environment of the Net Photosynthetic Rate of plant and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fv/Fm and growth and development of plants has direct relation, is effective sign that plant physiology detects under the environment stress.Generally speaking: when plant is grown in when coercing in the environment, the Net Photosynthetic Rate of blade and Fv/Fm are lower than value corresponding in the optimum growing environment, and along with the intensification of coercing, the degree aggravation that reduces, correspondingly, the delayed fluorescence emission spectrum characteristics peakedness ratio F730/F685 of blade also decreases, its decline degree can the effecting reaction crop suffers the degree of environment stress injury, by analyze Different Crop under identical environment stress characteristic peaks than the variation difference of F730/F685, thereby can judge the resistance size of crop.
Near the characteristic peak of 685nm that postpones fluorescence emission spectrum under the room temperature is acknowledged as and comes from photosystem II, and near the characteristic peak the 730nm is considered to the result of photosystem I and the common contribution of II, so characteristic peaks is the embodiment directly perceived of the plant leaf blade two big photosynthetic usefulness of photosystem than F730/F685.It depends on the interior and external environmental aspect of type, growth and development state, body of plant.Under the measuring condition (temperature in as excitation wavelength, firing time, excitating light strength, Measuring Time length, darkroom) of unanimity, by detecting same kind, coercing delayed fluorescence emission spectrum under the environment in difference with the plant leaf blade of growth and development state, calculate its characteristic peaks and compare F730/F685, compare with characteristic peaks ratio under the health environment, stress physiology situation and the degree of injury of plant can be accurately and effectively reflected, and the evaluation of stress resistance of plant size can be carried out.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage and effect:
(1) because photosynthesis of plants is considered to the physiology course the most responsive to environment stress, therefore the detection by photosynthesis or photosynthetic organ activity is effective ways judging the plant stress physiology.Two big photosynthesizers (photosystem I and photosystem II) in plant can produce corresponding variation when suffering different environment stresses, cause that emission spectrum changes, obvious variation has taken place with the peak strength at the 730nm spectrum peak that photosystem II (PSII) acting in conjunction produces in the 685nm spectrum peak that especially comes from photosystem II in the delayed fluorescence spectrum and photosystem I (PSI), thus cause characteristic peaks than F730/F685 along with the influence of environment stress raises or reduction.So the inventive method has characteristics directly perceived, simple, effective by measuring plant delayed fluorescence spectral signature peakedness ratio F730/F685 and detecting the degree of injury of environment stress and carry out the resistance evaluation.
(2) the inventive method be from detect send delayed fluorescence after plant is excited spectrum change especially characteristic peaks carry out the analysis of photosynthetic function power than the angle that changes, it is a kind of judgement to photosynthetic capacity size in the plant, shortcomings such as this has just been avoided classic method to be subject to external environmental interference, and parameter fluctuation is big.On the other hand, the photoinduction that plant is carried out is to be produced by the excitation source in the darkroom, the intensity of excitation source can be regulated, excitation wavelength can be selected, and be the collection of after stopping to excite, just carrying out the delayed fluorescence spectral information, therefore, the inventive method have the external environmental interference of not being subjected to, stable, controllability is good, high s/n ratio, advantage such as quick.
(3) the method operating process identified of this usefulness delayed fluorescence spectral detection crop stress physiology and resistance simple, realize easily, parameter is directly perceived.
Description of drawings
Drawings attached 4 width of cloth of the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is implementing procedure figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 utilizes the present invention to realize the statistical form of soybean and the corn sample F730/F685 value under different temperatures is coerced.
Fig. 3 realizes that for utilizing the inventive method temperature is coerced down soybean crops photosynthetic function damage judgement and resistance is identified.
Fig. 4 realizes that for utilizing the inventive method temperature is coerced down corn crop photosynthetic function damage judgement and resistance is identified.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of method of identifying with delayed fluorescence spectral detection crop stress physiology and resistance, comprise that some groups of blades selecting the similar crop of growth conditions and/or this crop different parts detect the sample of identifying with resistance and will put in order the strain crop or blade carries out the step that environment stress is handled as carrying out stress physiology, is characterized in that also comprising the steps:
(1.1) value of the delayed fluorescence emission spectrum peakedness ratio F730/F685 of measurement crop under different environment stresses;
(1.2) F730/F685 of crop under healthier growth conditions and the environment stress condition is judged by the damage status of photosynthetic function behind the environment stress to crop;
(1.3), judge the resistance size of crop by variation difference to F730/F685 behind the identical environment stress of Different Crop.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, its technological process is specifically described:
Fig. 1 detects the process flow diagram of crop stress physiology and resistance evaluation for the inventive method.According to Fig. 1, the crop that needs are identified is chosen earlier, and purpose is that the stress physiology of crop being carried out similar growth conditions detects and the resistance evaluation, to guarantee the rationality of qualification result; The similar many strains crop of growth conditions is carried out the cultivation of healthy growth condition respectively coerce processing with adverse circumstance (high temperature, low temperature, salt, atmospheric pollution, UV radiation etc.); With health or handle after crop leaf place spectrometer to carry out the collection of delayed fluorescence emission spectrum with delayed fluorescence spectral detection function; The delayed fluorescence emission spectra data is carried out the extraction of characteristic peaks F685 and F730 with commercialization ORIGIN software; Calculated characteristics peakedness ratio F730/F685; The F730/F685 of note crop under healthy physiology is F
Op, that F730/F685 is F under the stress physiology
StressThe F of same crop under the more different environment stresses
StressWith F
OpDifference, can carry out check and analysis to the extent of damage of crop photosynthetic function under corresponding adverse circumstance; Compare Different Crop F under identical environment stress
StressWith F
OpDifference, can judge evaluation to the resistance size of Different Crop.
Embodiment 1
The extent of damage that present embodiment is intended to the photosynthetic physiology under high temperature and low temperature stress to a kind of soybean varieties and a kind of corn variety detects, and the resistance size of these two kinds is judged.Experimental selection capital soybean kind (seedling stage) and single No. 36 corn varieties (seedling stage) in Shanxi are chosen 8 groups of different growth site, and the blade of every group of 5 similar growth conditions is a sample.The process range of temperature is 5～50 ℃, and Temperature Treatment is spaced apart 5 ℃.During measurement, the live body crop placed set the plant incubator of coercing temperature (5～50 ℃) and adapt to 2 hours, plant incubator keeps natural lighting, and humidity remains on 75%.After treatment of different temperature, again blade is placed dark adatpation 10 minutes (temperature is 25 ℃ of room temperatures in the darkroom) in the darkroom of the commercialization fluorescence-pectrophosphorimeter LS55 with phosphorescence measuring ability, the excitation source that with wavelength is 660nm carries out optical excitation 0.5s to blade, postpone 0.2s, receive delay fluorescence spectrum signal.The delayed fluorescence emission spectra data is passed to PC, and ORIGIN carries out emission spectrographic analysis with commercialization software, seeks two characteristic peaks value F685 and F730 near the 685nm of emission spectrum and the 730nm, and calculates F730/F685.When analyzing data, calculate 8 groups each 5 of corn or soybean samples mean value and the standard deviation of the delayed fluorescence emission spectrum F730/F685 of totally 40 blades, with the data point of mean value as F730/F685, and standard deviation is as the deviation of data, the F730/F685 value of two kinds of laboratory samples and variation of temperature such as statistical form accompanying drawing 2 and change curve Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4.
To the further analysis of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 as can be known: the optimum growth temperature of capital soybean sample is 25 ℃, and F730/F685 is 0.67476, is designated as the F of this crop
OpIn suitable 20～30 ℃ of scopes of growth temperature of soybean plant strain, F730/F685 value F in the time of 20 ℃
20 ℃Be 0.65062, be reduced to F
Op96.4%.Correspondingly, F when temperature is 15 ℃
15 ℃Be reduced to F
Op92.4%, show significant low temperature injury (*), when temperature is lower than 15 ℃, the F in the time of 10 ℃
10 ℃Be reduced to F
Op81.7%, F
5 ℃Be reduced to F
Op72.5%, as seen, significantly low temperature injury (* *) has appearred extremely in sample.High-temperature condition also has similar rule, compared to the optimum growth temperature, and the F in the time of 30 ℃
30 ℃Be reduced to F
Op97.9%, F
35 ℃Be reduced to 96.0%, when temperature is 40 ℃, corresponding F
40 ℃Be reduced to 91.8%, show significant high-temperature damage (+), surpass 40 ℃, sample shows extremely significantly high-temperature damage (++), F
45 ℃Be reduced to F
Op85.3%, F
50 ℃Be reduced to F
Op76.7%.
Can judge thus: 20～35 ℃ is the suitable growth temperature scope of this soybean sample, and optimal temperature is 25 ℃, at optimum growth temperature place delayed fluorescence spectrum peak than the highest F that is designated as of F730/F685 ratio
OpThis soybean sample shows tangible low temperature adverse circumstance injury when temperature is lower than 20 ℃, and this soybean sample shows tangible high temperature adverse circumstance injury when temperature is higher than 35 ℃; Along with the aggravation of adverse circumstance injury, the delayed fluorescence spectrum peak significantly descends than F730/F685 ratio.
To the further analysis of Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 as can be known: the optimum growth temperature of single No. 36 corn samples in Shanxi is 35 ℃, and F730/F685 is 0.601, is designated as the F of this crop
OpIn suitable 25～40 ℃ of scopes of growth temperature of milpa, F
40 ℃Be F
Op98.3%, F
30 ℃Be F
Op98.1%, F
25 ℃Be reduced to F
Op93.2%.When temperature is 20 ℃, corresponding F
20 ℃Be reduced to F
Op80.5%, as seen, compared to optimum growth temperature situation, crop shows significant low temperature injury (*) in the time of 20 ℃.When temperature is lower than 20 ℃, F
15 ℃Be reduced to 20 ℃ 71.0%, F
10 ℃Be reduced to 65.6%, F
5 ℃Be reduced to 61.8%, as seen, under 5～20 ℃ low temperature adverse circumstance, extremely significantly low temperature injury (* *) has appearred in sample.High-temperature condition also has similar rule, compared to optimum growth temperature, F
45 ℃Be reduced to F
Op91.8%, show significant high-temperature damage (+), F
50 ℃Be reduced to 88.3%, sample shows extremely significantly high-temperature damage (++).
Can judge thus: 25～40 ℃ is the suitable growth temperature scope of this corn sample, and optimal temperature is 35 ℃, and the delayed fluorescence spectrum peak is higher than F730/F685 ratio at optimum growth temperature place, is designated as F
OpThis corn sample shows tangible low temperature adverse circumstance injury when temperature is lower than 25 ℃; This corn sample shows tangible high temperature adverse circumstance injury when temperature is higher than 40 ℃; Along with the aggravation of adverse circumstance injury, the delayed fluorescence spectrum peak significantly descends than F730/F685 ratio.
The comprehensively analysis that the temperature of soybean and corn sample is coerced photosynthetic damage check result, can obviously find: the optimum growth temperature of soybean laboratory sample is lower than the corn laboratory sample; The temperature (15 ℃) that remarkable injury from low temperature appears in soybean sample is higher than corn sample (20 ℃); The temperature (40 ℃) that remarkable high temperature injury appears in soybean sample is lower than corn sample (45 ℃); The ability that the soybean sample high temperature resistance is coerced is lower than corn sample; The ability of the anti-low temperature stress of soybean sample is higher than soybean sample.
Claims (1)
1. method of identifying with delayed fluorescence spectral detection crop stress physiology and resistance is characterized in that comprising following several steps:
1.1 select some groups of blades of similar crop of growth conditions and/or the different growth site of this crop leaf, be generally 5～10 groups, 5～8 similar blades of every group selection carry out stress physiology and detect the sample of identifying with resistance;
Carry out the environment stress processing 1.2 will put in order strain crop and/or sample; Described environment stress means coerces, freezes envirment factors such as the side of body, the salt side of body, radiation, water pollution, soil pollution, atmospheric pollution to what crop and/or sample were created such as arid, waterlogging, the cold side of body, heat;
1.3 at room temperature measure the delayed fluorescence emission spectrum of crop leaf, its technological process is:
1.3.1 crop leaf is placed the sample chamber dark adatpation 30min of the fluorescence spectrophotometer that has phosphorescence or delayed fluorescence measuring ability under the room temperature;
1.3.2 it is blue light 470～500nm and ruddiness 650～680nm scope that the excitation source of spectrum is selected wavelength, intensity is 0～2500 μ molm
-2S
-1
1.3.3 the time of the even irradiation blade of excitation source is 0～1min;
1.3.4 stopping to be energized into the interval time of gathering blade delayed fluorescence spectrum is 0.01～1s;
1.3.5 the receiver wavelength range of delayed fluorescence spectra collection is 185～900nm, gain amplifier is 1 * 10
8
1.4 the delayed fluorescence emission spectrum to crop leaf under the environment stress condition is analyzed, adopt commercialization ORIGIN software that the data of described spectrometer output are analyzed, seek near the peak-peak of emission spectrum characteristics peak 685nm and 730nm, be recorded as F685 and F730 respectively, calculate F730/F685 thus;
1.5 measure the value of the delayed fluorescence emission spectrum peakedness ratio F730/F685 of crop under different environment stresses;
1.6 with the F730/F685 value record of crop under the healthy growth condition is optimum ratio F
Op, the F730/F685 value record under the environment stress physiological condition is F
Stress
1.7 compare F
OpWith F
StressDifference, judged by the damage status of photosynthetic function to crop;
1.8 compare Different Crop F under identical environment stress
OpWith F
StressDifference, can identify the resistance size of Different Crop.
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| CN104869807A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2015-08-26 | 赫利奥斯派克特拉股份公司 | Method and illumination system for plant recovery from stress |
| CN109374586A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-02-22 | 西南科技大学 | With the method for quick chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics parameters plant identification caesium accumulation ability |
| CN112616486A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2021-04-09 | 首尔伟傲世有限公司 | Growth and bioactive substance promoting system for medicinal crops |
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| CN104869807A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2015-08-26 | 赫利奥斯派克特拉股份公司 | Method and illumination system for plant recovery from stress |
| CN112616486A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2021-04-09 | 首尔伟傲世有限公司 | Growth and bioactive substance promoting system for medicinal crops |
| CN112616486B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2022-11-22 | 首尔伟傲世有限公司 | Growth and physiological active substance promoting system of Ixeris denticulata |
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Application publication date: 20110810 |