CN102146665A - Treatment method for slowing gully erosion - Google Patents
Treatment method for slowing gully erosion Download PDFInfo
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- CN102146665A CN102146665A CN 201010595193 CN201010595193A CN102146665A CN 102146665 A CN102146665 A CN 102146665A CN 201010595193 CN201010595193 CN 201010595193 CN 201010595193 A CN201010595193 A CN 201010595193A CN 102146665 A CN102146665 A CN 102146665A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a treatment method for slowing gully erosion, and belongs to the technical field of water and soil conservation. The method comprises four parts, namely gully selection, gully head treatment, gully bottom treatment and gully head wall treatment. In the gully, the slope of the left gully wall or the gully wall is less than or equal to 45 degrees and the height of the gully head wall is less than or equal to 5 meters; jatropha curcas and dodonaea viscose are planted above the gully head to form an inverted U-shaped buffer plant hedge belt above the gully head; timber piles are embedded into the plant hedge belt crookedly; the width of an inverted U-shaped opening is equal to that of the gully head or the width is 1 to 1.5 meters; the top of the inverted U-shaped curve is 3 to 5 meters away from the gully head; leucaena glauca are planted on the gully bottom to form a U-shaped buffer plant hedge belt on the gully bottom; the bottom of the U-shaped curve is 3 to 5 meters away from the gully head; lianas are planted and the timer piles are embedded into the soil between the buffer plant hedge belts above the gully head and the gully bottom; and the two ends of iron wires are respectively fixed to the timber piles at the gully bottom and above the gully head and are attached to the ground surface. In the method, key points of slowing the gully erosion are grasped; and the treatment configuration mode has high comprehensiveness, scientificity and reasonability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the conservation technology field, be specifically related to slow down the improvement method of gully erosion.
Background technology
The dry-hot valley of China be positioned at 23 ° 00 of north latitude '-28 ° 10 ', 98 ° 50 '-103 ° 50 of east longitude ', Forest Space in Dry-hot Valley Yuanmou is in downstream, Jinsha jiang River, and Jinsha jiang River is the upstream portion in the Changjiang river, here ecological environment is extremely fragile, land deterioration is serious, because of corroding, storm runoff forms a large amount of coombes, coombe is generally by the ditch head, bottom of trench and furrow bank are formed, the source of coombe is called the ditch head, gathering ground on the ditch head is ditch head top, and the wall of coombe the right and left is called left coombe wall and right coombe wall, and the wall with the bottom of trench coupling part under the ditch head is called Gou Toubi, because rainwater is when dirty, the earth of gulley head wall at first, therefore, the inventor thinks that the improvement of ditch head wall is than the improvement key of the left and right sides wall of coombe; Gully erosion is the main path of soil erosion; coombe often is connected with the farmland or directly links to each other with the river; some big coombe flows into Jinsha jiang River always; when gully erosion is serious; the water and soil silt impulse force that is produced by coombe is bigger; thereby pouring table soil that the farmland can be more with the nutrient in farmland downwards washes away and damages the farmland and plough and cause desertification of land; or the water and soil silt that coombe produced directly enters the river; cause harm such as soil erosion; a large amount of water and soil silts that gully erosion produced in Forest Space in Dry-hot Valley Yuanmou district can directly influence the water quality in Jinsha jiang River and the Changjiang river; therefore; how effectively to retain the precipitation of concentrating relatively rainy season, thereby the erosion that slows down coombe is played and is slowed down the arable land of soil erosion to protection coombe below; the river has great significance.In the prior art to slow down gully erosion usually adopt forbid that people and animals enter the coombe area close and build method such as cement works measure naturally, exist regulation effect poor, cost is crossed high defective.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention be overcome prior art adopt forbid that people and animals enter the coombe area close and build method such as cement works measure naturally; exist regulation effect poor; cost is crossed high defective; a kind of improvement method of slowing down gully erosion that provides is provided; to reduce the coombe soil erosion; arable land, the river of protection coombe below, the while also promotes the soil restoration of coombe itself.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above and realize purpose of the present invention, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of improvement method of slowing down gully erosion, this method are by the selection of coombe, and the ditch head is administered, and bottom of trench is administered and ditch head wall is administered four parts composition, and the step of each several part is as follows:
1, the selection of coombe, selected coombe are the coombe of early development, height≤5 of the left coombe wall of the coombe of described early development or the gradient≤45 of right coombe wall ° and ditch head wall meter;
2, the ditch head is administered, above the ditch head, plant Jatropha curcas (
Jatropha curcasL.) and akeake (
Dodonaea viscosa) plant formation ditch head top buffering plant hedge band, described ditch head top buffering plant hedge band is inverted U, the bandwidth of its buffering plant hedge band is 1～2 meter, the U type mouth of described inverted U is relative with the ditch head, the width of the U type mouth of inverted U equates with the width of ditch head or is wideer 1～1.5 meter than the width of ditch head, the curve top of described inverted U and ditch head vertical distance apart are 3～5 meters, the crooked location embedded set timber of the inverted U of buffering plant hedge band above described ditch head; The seeding row spacing of the plant of being planted is 20cm * 20cm, to reach the dense planting effect;
3, bottom of trench is administered, the ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band that is the U type in the bottom of trench plantation, the curve of described U type bottom is 3～5 meters with the vertical distance of ditch head, and the bandwidth of described ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band is 2～5 meters, the plant of described ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band plantation be white popinac (
Leucaena leucocephala) plant, the seeding row spacing of the plant of being planted is 20cm * 20cm, to reach the dense planting effect;
4, ditch head wall is administered, on the soil between ditch head and the ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band, plant liana, and on this soil embedding timber, the two ends of iron wire are separately fixed on the timber of bottom of trench and on the timber in the buffering plant hedge band of ditch head top, the face of land between iron wire and Gou Toubi and ditch head and the ditch head top buffering plant hedge band is attached, make the plant growing of being planted after climbing on iron wire.
Embedding timber and be fixed on the width that the quantity of the iron wire on the described timber makes the branches and leaves of the liana of climbing on iron wire can cover ditch head wall and get final product.
Described embedding timber can also be the white popinac trunk that adopts cuttage life in 3～5 years.
Described liana be the root of kudzu vine (
Pueraria lobata(Willd.) Ohwi), grape (
Vitis viniferaLinn.) or Fructus Fici tikouae (
Ficus tikoua)
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1, prior art is not administered the key position that whole coombe is easy to produce a large amount of soil erosions, four parts that improvement method of the present invention adopts are administered, the key position of having caught ecological puberty of coombe and gully erosion to administer, it is comprehensive strong that it administers configuration mode, scientific and reasonable, resultant effect is good.The present invention at first selects on the object of being administered, selecting the coombe of early development is that the coombe development time is shorter, corrode the less coombe of area, could produce good regulation effect to this type of coombe improvement, if greater than 45 °, the effect of improvement is often relatively poor greater than the gradient of 5 meters and left coombe wall or right coombe wall for the ditch depth of coombe.Plant hedge band up and down of the present invention and ditch head wall are administered the reasonable in design ingenious of part, soil sand was easy to moving area (the curve top of inverted U and ditch head vertical distance apart are bottom the curve of 3～5 meters and U type and the vertical distance of ditch head is 3～5 meters zone) when the soil band above the ditch head between buffering plant hedge band and the ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band was rain drop erosion, so, have above the ditch head buffering plant hedge band above the ditch head retain the precipitation of concentrating relatively rainy season and silt after, adhere to this soil helps liana to adhere to this regional soil growth also to be easy to the restore vegetation of taking root on the Gou Toubi soil with iron wire in the zone that this native sand is easy to move, erosion regulation effect to this zone is just far better, the measure of ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band is arranged again, produced the comprehensive regulation mode of the system of slowing down gully erosion.
2, the whole green element that adopts of the present invention adheres to and the ditch head configuration mode of plant hedge up and down the Gou Toubi liana, not only environmental protection but also with low cost, and help the soil restoration of coombe itself.
3, the plant that the plant hedge is selected for use among the present invention is the good seeds of Forest Space in Dry-hot Valley Yuanmou compliance, Jatropha curcas and akeake drought-enduring high temperature resistant above the ditch head the relative less place of moisture can survive growth, and plant two kinds of plants of Jatropha curcas and akeake simultaneously, constitute bio-diversity, help of the growth of these plants in this soil; White popinac is to breed the darker plant of root system easily, forms good barrier at bottom of trench and holds back water and soil.
4, the inventive method is easy to operate, implements easily.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment, the place of each embodiment is all at Yunnan Province's Yuanmou County dry-hot valley, this zone severe water and soil erosion, the coombe that forms is more, even formation " native woods " landforms, especially damage the farmland in a large number in the gully erosion in rainy season and plough, make a large amount of water and soil flow into Jinsha jiang River.
Embodiment 1
A kind of improvement method of slowing down gully erosion, this method are by the selection of coombe, and the ditch head is administered, and bottom of trench is administered and ditch head wall is administered four parts composition, and its concrete steps are as follows:
1, the selection of coombe, the gradient of the left coombe wall of selected coombe are that 45 ° of height with ditch head wall are 5 meters;
2, the ditch head is administered, buffering plant hedge band above plantation Jatropha curcas and akeake plant above the ditch head constitute the ditch head, described ditch head top buffering plant hedge band is inverted U, the bandwidth of its buffering plant hedge band is 2 meters, the U type mouth of described inverted U is relative with the ditch head, the width of the U type mouth of inverted U is wideer 1.5 meters than the width of ditch head, the curve top of described inverted U and ditch head vertical distance apart are 5 meters, the white popinac trunk of 5 lifes in 5 years of cuttage in the crooked location of the inverted U of buffering plant hedge band above described ditch head; The seeding row spacing of the plant of being planted is 20cm * 20cm, to reach the dense planting effect;
3, bottom of trench is administered, the ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band that is the U type in the bottom of trench plantation, the curve bottom of described U type is 3 meters with the vertical distance of ditch head, the bandwidth of described ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band is 5 meters, plant in described ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band plantation is a white popinac, the seeding row spacing of the plant of being planted is 20cm * 20cm, to reach the dense planting effect;
4, ditch head wall is administered, on the soil between ditch head and the ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band, plant vine, and the white popinac trunk of 5 lifes in 3 years of cuttage on this soil, with the two ends of 5 iron wires be separately fixed at life in 3 years of bottom of trench institute cuttage the white popinac trunk (hereinafter to be referred as: bottom of trench white popinac trunk) and the white popinac trunk of lifes in 5 years of institute's cuttage in the ditch head top buffering plant hedge band (hereinafter to be referred as: white popinac trunk above the ditch head), wherein 3 iron wires and bottom of trench white popinac trunk and ditch head top white popinac trunk one by one line correspondence be connected, in addition white popinac trunk interconnection above 2 iron wires and bottom of trench white popinac trunk and the ditch head, and the face of land between described iron wire and Gou Toubi and ditch head and the ditch head top buffering plant hedge band is attached, make the plant growing of being planted after climbing on iron wire.Or be separately fixed on the white popinac trunk of bottom of trench white popinac trunk and ditch head top with 7 iron wires, wherein 5 iron wires and bottom of trench white popinac trunk and ditch head top white popinac trunk one by one line correspondence be connected, in addition white popinac trunk interconnection above 2 iron wires and bottom of trench white popinac trunk and the ditch head, and the face of land between described iron wire and Gou Toubi and ditch head and the ditch head top buffering plant hedge band is attached, make the plant growing of being planted after climbing on iron wire.
Adopt the part iron wire with the white popinac trunk of the embedding timber of bottom of trench or institute's cuttage and above the ditch head embedding timber or the white popinac trunk interconnection of institute's cuttage, its objective is that the branches and leaves that make the liana of climbing on iron wire can cover the width of ditch head wall better, therefore, the quantity of the quantity of described embedding timber or the trunk of cuttage and be fixed on the described timber or width that the quantity of the iron wire on the trunk of cuttage can make the branches and leaves of the liana of climbing on iron wire can cover ditch head wall is advisable (getting final product) can reach purpose of the present invention; Iron wire the white popinac trunk of the embedding timber of bottom of trench or institute's cuttage with above the ditch head embedding timber or the white popinac trunk of institute's cuttage be that line correspondence is connected or interconnection or the interconnection of part iron wire one by one, all allow, as long as can make width that the branches and leaves of the liana of climbing on iron wire can cover ditch head wall all can, all can reach purpose of the present invention.
Embodiment 2, and embodiment 3 is except that following measure difference, and all the other measures are identical with embodiment 1, repeat no more.
Embodiment 2
1, the selection of coombe, the left coombe wall of coombe and the gradient of right coombe wall are that 30 ° of height with ditch head wall are 4 meters;
2, the ditch head is administered, the bandwidth of the ditch head top buffering plant hedge band of inverted U is 1.5 meters, the width of the U type mouth of described inverted U is wideer 1 meter than the width of ditch head, the curve top of described inverted U and ditch head vertical distance apart are 4 meters, 4 timbers of crooked location embedded set of the inverted U of buffering plant hedge band above described ditch head;
3, bottom of trench is administered, and the vertical distance of curve bottom and ditch head of U type that is the ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band of U type is 4 meters, and the bandwidth of described ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band is 4 meters;
4, ditch head wall is administered, on the soil between ditch head and the ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band, plant the root of kudzu vine, and the white popinac trunk of 4 lifes in 4 years of cuttage on this soil, the two ends of 4 iron wires are separately fixed on the white popinac trunk of life in 4 years of bottom of trench institute cuttage and on the timber of ditch head top buffering plant hedge band embedded set.
Embodiment 3
1, the selection of coombe, the gradient of the right coombe wall of coombe are that 25 ° of height with ditch head wall are 2 meters;
2, the ditch head is administered, the bandwidth of the ditch head top buffering plant hedge band of inverted U is 1 meter, the width of the U type mouth of described inverted U equates with the width of ditch head, the curve top of described inverted U and ditch head vertical distance apart are 3 meters, 3 timbers of crooked location embedded set of the inverted U of buffering plant hedge band above described ditch head;
3, bottom of trench is administered, and the vertical distance of curve bottom and ditch head of U type that is the ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band of U type is 3 meters, and the bandwidth of described ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band is 2 meters;
4, ditch head wall is administered, planting site pomegranate and embedding 3 timbers on the soil between ditch head and the ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band, and the timber and the ditch head top that the two ends of 3 iron wires are separately fixed at bottom of trench are cushioned on the timber of plant hedge band embedded set.
Claims (4)
1. improvement method of slowing down gully erosion is characterized in that: the described selection that slows down the improvement method of gully erosion by coombe, and the ditch head is administered, and bottom of trench is administered and ditch head wall is administered four parts composition, and the step of each several part is as follows:
(1) selection of coombe, selected coombe are the coombe of early development, height≤5 of the left coombe wall of the coombe of described early development or the gradient≤45 of right coombe wall ° and ditch head wall meter;
(2) the ditch head is administered, buffering plant hedge band above plantation Jatropha curcas and akeake plant above the ditch head constitute the ditch head, described ditch head top buffering plant hedge band is inverted U, the bandwidth of its buffering plant hedge band is 1～2 meter, the width of the U type mouth of inverted U equates with the width of ditch head or is wideer 1～1.5 meter than the width of ditch head, the curve top of described inverted U and ditch head vertical distance apart are 3～5 meters, the crooked location embedded set timber of the inverted U of buffering plant hedge band above described ditch head; The seeding row spacing of the plant of being planted is 20cm * 20cm;
(3) bottom of trench is administered, the ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band that is the U type in the bottom of trench plantation, the curve bottom of described U type is 3～5 meters with the vertical distance of ditch head, the bandwidth of described ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band is 2～5 meters, plant in described ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band plantation is the white popinac plant, and the seeding row spacing of the plant of being planted is 20cm * 20cm;
(4) ditch head wall is administered, plantation liana and embedding timber on the soil between ditch head and the ditch bottom buffering plant hedge band, with the two ends of iron wire be separately fixed at bottom of trench on the timber of embedding timber and ditch head top buffering plant hedge band embedded set, the face of land between iron wire and Gou Toubi and ditch head and the ditch head top buffering plant hedge band is attached, make the plant growing of being planted after climbing on iron wire.
2. improvement method of slowing down gully erosion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described embedding timber makes the branches and leaves of the liana of climbing on iron wire can cover the width of ditch head wall with the quantity that is fixed on the iron wire on the described timber.
3. improvement method of slowing down gully erosion according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described embedding timber is the white popinac trunk of cuttage life in 3～5 years.
4. improvement method of slowing down gully erosion according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described liana is the root of kudzu vine, grape or Fructus Fici tikouae.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN102988466A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-03-27 | 亳州市永刚饮片厂有限公司 | Production method for cortex albiziae decoction pieces |
| CN104303799A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-01-28 | 贵州师范大学 | Karst slope hedgerow planting method |
| CN104389302A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-03-04 | 天津城建大学 | Plant management method for controlling transport of sandstone small watershed channel silt |
| CN104604494A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-05-13 | 云南大学 | Digua fig stem cutting propagation method |
| CN105325156A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-02-17 | 杭州大地科技有限公司 | Water and soil conservation method for slope land in torreya grandis forest |
| CN108288284A (en) * | 2018-03-03 | 2018-07-17 | 鲁东大学 | A method of coombe network is extracted based on relief model threshold value |
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Cited By (9)
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| CN102988466A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-03-27 | 亳州市永刚饮片厂有限公司 | Production method for cortex albiziae decoction pieces |
| CN102988466B (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2016-03-23 | 亳州市永刚饮片厂有限公司 | A kind of production method of Cortex Albiziae decoction pieces |
| CN104389302A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-03-04 | 天津城建大学 | Plant management method for controlling transport of sandstone small watershed channel silt |
| CN104303799A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-01-28 | 贵州师范大学 | Karst slope hedgerow planting method |
| CN104604494A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-05-13 | 云南大学 | Digua fig stem cutting propagation method |
| CN104604494B (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2017-12-08 | 云南大学 | A kind of cuttage breeding method of Fructus Fici tikouae |
| CN105325156A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-02-17 | 杭州大地科技有限公司 | Water and soil conservation method for slope land in torreya grandis forest |
| CN108288284A (en) * | 2018-03-03 | 2018-07-17 | 鲁东大学 | A method of coombe network is extracted based on relief model threshold value |
| CN108288284B (en) * | 2018-03-03 | 2021-07-27 | 鲁东大学 | Method for extracting gully network based on terrain model threshold |
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