CN102143576A - Terminal positioning system and terminal positioning method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a terminal positioning system and a terminal positioning method. The terminal positioning system comprises a first base station, a second base station and a terminal positioned in an overlapping area for the first base station and the second base station, wherein a first distance acquisition module acquires a first distance between the first base station and the second base station according to the first time migration information of the terminal; a second distance acquisition module acquires a second distance between the second base station and the terminal according to the first time migration information of the terminal; an angle acquisition module acquires a first signal arrival angle corresponding to the first base station and a second signal arrival angle corresponding to the second base station according to the first distance, the second distance and a third distance between the first base station and the second base station; a first positioning module obtains the initial position of the terminal according to the first signal arrival angle and the second signal arrival angle; a second positioning module determines the accurate location of the terminal. The invention determines the terminal location by using the existing resources during the terminal ranging process, thereby saving the network resources.

Description

Terminal Position Location System and method of locating terminal

Technical field

The present invention relates to the mobile communication technology field, relate in particular to a kind of Terminal Position Location System and method of locating terminal.

Background technology

Along with the development of mobile communication technology and the growth of business demand, more and more be subjected to the favor of operator based on the positioning service of terminal location, moreover, location-based service (LBS, Location BasedServices) also relates to numerous areas such as traffic, logistics, public security, emergency and daily life, numerous business such as navigation, logistics management, transport information, schedule can be provided, use very extensive.

Traditional method to terminal positioning can be based on (the TOA time of advent of terminal, Time OfArrival), the time of advent poor (TDOA, Time Difference OfArrival), observed time difference (OTD, Observed Time Difference), arrive the location of angle positional parameters such as (AOA, Angle Of Arrival) realization to terminal.

For above-mentioned method of locating terminal, obtaining of various parameters is the key point of localization method, in the terminal positioning process, often need extra channel repeatedly to transmit data such as located in connection parameter and positioning result between base station and the terminal, taken Internet resources in a large number.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the invention provides a kind of Terminal Position Location System and method of locating terminal, can utilize the existing resource in the terminal ranging process to determine the position of terminal, thereby save Internet resources.

For addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of Terminal Position Location System, comprising: first base station, second base station and the overlapping covered terminal to be positioned that is positioned at described first base station and described second base station; Also comprise:

First apart from acquisition module, be used for first o'clock breath that believes one side only according to described terminal, obtain first distance between described first base station and the described terminal, the breath that believes one side only was in described first o'clock: the described terminal that obtains in the ranging process of described terminal is with respect to the time breath that believes one side only of described first base station;

The second distance acquisition module, be used for second o'clock breath that believes one side only according to described terminal, obtain the second distance between described second base station and the described terminal, the breath that believes one side only was in described second o'clock: the described terminal that obtains in the ranging process of described terminal is with respect to the time breath that believes one side only of described second base station;

The angle acquisition module, be used for according to the 3rd distance between described first distance, described second distance and described first base station and described second base station, obtain described terminal and arrive angle and described terminal secondary signal arrival angle with respect to described second base station with respect to first signal of described first base station;

First locating module is used for arriving angle and described secondary signal arrival angle according to described first signal, obtains the preliminary position of described terminal;

Second locating module is used for the preliminary position of described terminal is calibrated, and determines the accurate position of described terminal.

Described second locating module comprises:

The beams directed module, be used to control the directional beam of the aerial array of described first base station to described first signal arrival of described terminal emission sensing angle, the aerial array of perhaps controlling described second base station points to the directional beam that described secondary signal arrives angle to described terminal emission;

Comparison module is used for relatively launching the signal quality parameter of described terminal to report before and after the described directional beam, obtains a comparative result;

Determination module is used for according to described comparative result, and the preliminary position of described terminal is calibrated, and determines the accurate position of described terminal.

Described directional beam is:

$z\left(t\right)=\mathrm{As}\left(t\right)\underset{m=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{w}_m{e}^{-\mathrm{j\βm\Δ}x\cos \mathrm{\φ}\sin \mathrm{\θ}}$

Wherein, z (t) is described directional beam, the signal that As (t) records for initial point reference array element place, and M is the number of antenna in the aerial array, w _mThe phase weighting factor for m array element in the aerial array, β is the amplitude of aerial array power, m Δ x is the distance between m array element and the initial point reference array element, φ is that described first signal arrives angle or describedly must arrive angle as signal, and θ is the elevation angle of aerial array with respect to described terminal.

The computing formula of described first distance is:

D ₁＝[(τ ₁/Bandwidth)*Velocity]/2

The computing formula of described second distance is:

D ₂＝[(τ ₂/Bandwidth)*Velocity]/2

Wherein, D ₁Be described first distance, D ₂Be described first distance, τ ₁Be the described first o'clock breath that believes one side only, τ ₂Be the described second o'clock breath that believes one side only, Bandwidth is a system transmission bandwidth, and Velocity is the transmission speed of signal.

The computing formula that described first signal arrives angle is:

${\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}}_1=\frac{{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_1}^2+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_0}^2-{D_2}^2}{2\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_1\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_0}$

The computing formula that described secondary signal arrives angle is:

${\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}}_2=\frac{{D_2}^2+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_0}^2-{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_1}^2}{2\&times;D_2\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_0}$

Wherein, φ ₁For described first signal arrives angle, φ ₂For described secondary signal arrives angle, D ₁Be described first distance, D ₂Be described second distance, D ₀Be described the 3rd distance.

The present invention also provides a kind of method of locating terminal, is applied in the Terminal Position Location System, and described Terminal Position Location System comprises: first base station, second base station and the overlapping covered terminal to be positioned that is positioned at described first base station and described second base station; Described method of locating terminal may further comprise the steps:

Described Terminal Position Location System is according to first o'clock breath that believes one side only of described terminal, obtain first distance between described first base station and the described terminal, the breath that believes one side only was in described first o'clock: the described terminal that obtains in the ranging process of described terminal is with respect to the time breath that believes one side only of described first base station;

Described Terminal Position Location System is according to second o'clock breath that believes one side only of described terminal, obtain the second distance between described second base station and the described terminal, the breath that believes one side only was in described second o'clock: the described terminal that obtains in the ranging process of described terminal is with respect to the time breath that believes one side only of described second base station;

Described Terminal Position Location System is according to the 3rd distance between described first distance, described second distance and described first base station and described second base station, obtains described terminal and arrives angle and the described terminal secondary signal arrival angle with respect to described second base station with respect to first signal of described first base station;

Described Terminal Position Location System arrives angle according to described first signal and described secondary signal arrives angle, obtains the preliminary position of described terminal;

Described Terminal Position Location System is calibrated the preliminary position of described terminal, determines the accurate position of described terminal.

Described Terminal Position Location System is calibrated the preliminary position of described terminal, determines the accurate position of described terminal, is specially:

The aerial array that described Terminal Position Location System is controlled described first base station points to the directional beam that described first signal arrives angle to described terminal emission, and the aerial array of perhaps controlling described second base station points to the directional beam that described secondary signal arrives angle to described terminal emission;

Described Terminal Position Location System is relatively launched the signal quality parameter of the described terminal to report in described directional beam front and back, obtains a comparative result;

Described Terminal Position Location System is calibrated the preliminary position of described terminal according to described comparative result, determines the accurate position of described terminal.

Described directional beam is:

$z\left(t\right)=\mathrm{As}\left(t\right)\underset{m=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_m{e}^{-\mathrm{j\&beta;m\&Delta;}x\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}}$

Wherein, z (t) is described directional beam, the signal that As (t) records for initial point reference array element place, and M is the number of antenna in the aerial array, w _mThe phase weighting factor for m array element in the aerial array, β is the amplitude of aerial array power, m Δ x is the distance between m array element and the initial point reference array element, φ is that described first signal arrives angle or describedly must arrive angle as signal, and θ is the elevation angle of aerial array with respect to described terminal.

The computing formula of described first distance is:

D ₁＝[(τ ₁/Bandwidth)*Velocity]/2

The computing formula of described second distance is:

D ₂＝[(τ ₂/Bandwidth)*Velocity]/2

Wherein, D ₁Be described first distance, D ₂Be described first distance, τ ₁Be the described first o'clock breath that believes one side only, τ ₂Be the described second o'clock breath that believes one side only, Bandwidth is a system transmission bandwidth, and Velocity is the transmission speed of signal.

The computing formula that described first signal arrives angle is:

${\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}}_1=\frac{{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_1}^2+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_0}^2-{D_2}^2}{2\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_1\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_0}$

The computing formula that described secondary signal arrives angle is:

${\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}}_2=\frac{{D_2}^2+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_0}^2-{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_1}^2}{2\&times;D_2\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_0}$

Wherein, φ ₁For described first signal arrives angle, φ ₂For described secondary signal arrives angle, D ₁Be described first distance, D ₂Be described second distance, D ₀Be described the 3rd distance.

The present invention has following beneficial effect:

Obtain the time breath that believes one side only of the terminal that in the terminal initial ranging process, obtains, and when described distance between inclined to one side information acquisition terminal and the base station, according to the distance between described terminal and the base station, obtain the angular relationship between base station and the terminal, terminal is carried out Primary Location, and, terminal is accurately located by the many antenna calibrations mechanism in the beam-forming technology.(time believe one side only breath) is the existing resource in the terminal initial ranging process because the positional parameter that adopts, and therefore do not need extra Channel Transmission located in connection data, thereby saved Internet resources.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a concrete application scenarios schematic diagram of the Terminal Position Location System of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the Terminal Position Location System of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is the arrangement position schematic diagram of the aerial array of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4 be the embodiment of the invention at φ ₀Array factor distribution schematic diagram in the time of=0 °;

Fig. 5 be the embodiment of the invention at φ ₀Array factor distribution schematic diagram in the time of=70 °;

Fig. 6 is another structural representation of the Terminal Position Location System of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 7 is a flow process schematic diagram of the method for locating terminal of the embodiment of the invention.

Embodiment

Terminal can be carried out initial ranging (Ranging) when access network, send ranging code to the base station, the base station is detected the ranging code that terminal sends, obtain a testing result, comprise the time breath that believes one side only of terminal in the described testing result, the breath that believes one side only when described can provide location information of terminals.In the embodiment of the invention, promptly be to utilize the breath that believes one side only when described that terminal is positioned.(time believe one side only breath) is the existing resource in the terminal initial ranging process because the positional parameter that adopts, and therefore do not need extra Channel Transmission located in connection data, thereby saved Internet resources.

Before describing the embodiment of the invention, at first the process of terminal initial range finding is carried out simple declaration, the process of terminal initial range finding may further comprise the steps:

Step 1, terminal are obtained DL-Map (Downlink Mapping, down channel mapping) information and DCD (Downlink Channel Descriptor, down channel is described) message that the base station sends when access network, obtain down-going synchronous with the base station;

Step 2, UCD (the Uplink Channel Descriptor that terminal sent by the base station cycle, up channel is described) message, obtain the parameter of available uplink channel, and waiting by the time UL-Map (UplinkMapping, when up channel mapping) providing transmission opportunity about this up channel, send the initial ranging sign indicating number to the base station;

After step 2, base station receive the initial ranging sign indicating number, described initial ranging sign indicating number is detected, after detecting successfully, to terminal broadcasting RNG-RSP (Ranging Response, range finding is replied) message, comprise in the described RNG-RSP message terminal frequency deviation information, the time believe one side only breath and power offset information etc.;

Step 3, after terminal receives described RNG-RSP message, with the frame number that carries in the described RNG-RSP message, frequency deviation information, the time the believe one side only information of breath and power offset information and self correspondence mate, after the match is successful, can send RNG_REQ (Ranging Request to the base station, distance measurement request) message, request distributes bandwidth resources, communicates;

After step 4, base station receive described RNG-REQ message, be the terminal distribution Dedicated Control Channel, and channel allocation information is informed terminal by the clean culture of RNG-RSP information, thus terminal success access network.

The time breath that believes one side only that the embodiment of the invention promptly is based in the above-mentioned steps two positions terminal.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.

Be illustrated in figure 1 as a concrete application scenarios schematic diagram of the Terminal Position Location System of the embodiment of the invention, described Terminal Position Location System comprises: first base station 100, second base station 200 and the overlapping covered terminal to be positioned 300 that is positioned at described first base station 100 and described second base station 200.

Described terminal 300 is when access network, can carry out initial ranging, send initial ranging sign indicating number, two the strongest base stations of signal in all serving BSs that described first base station 100 and described second base station 200 can be described terminals 300 to described first base station 100 and described second base station 200 respectively.

Described Terminal Position Location System also comprises:

First apart from acquisition module 401, be used for first o'clock breath that believes one side only according to described terminal 300, obtain first distance between described first base station 100 and the described terminal 300, the breath that believes one side only was in described first o'clock: the described terminal 300 that obtains in the ranging process of described terminal 300 is with respect to the time breath that believes one side only of described first base station 100;

Between described first base station 100 and the described terminal 300 first distance can adopt following formula to calculate:

D ₁＝[(τ ₁/Bandwidth)*Velocity]/2

Wherein, D ₁Be described first distance, τ ₁Be the described first o'clock breath that believes one side only, Bandwidth is a system transmission bandwidth, for example, can be 11.2Mhz (megahertz) that Velocity is the transmission speed of signal, is generally 3 * 10 ⁸M/s (metre per second (m/s)).

Second distance acquisition module 402, be used for second o'clock breath that believes one side only according to described terminal 300, obtain the second distance between described second base station 200 and the described terminal 300, the breath that believes one side only was in described second o'clock: the described terminal 300 that obtains in the ranging process of described terminal 300 is with respect to the time breath that believes one side only of described second base station 200;

Second distance between described second base station 200 and the described terminal 300 can adopt following formula to calculate:

D ₂＝[(τ ₂/Bandwidth)*Velocity]/2

Wherein, D ₂Be described second distance, τ ₂Be the described second o'clock breath that believes one side only, Bandwidth is a system transmission bandwidth, and Velocity is the transmission speed of signal.

Angle acquisition module 403, be used for according to the 3rd distance between described first distance, described second distance and described first base station 100 and described second base station 200, obtain described terminal 300 and arrive angle and described terminal 300 secondary signal arrival angle with respect to described second base station 200 with respect to first signal of described first base station 100;

As shown in Figure 1, can be with described first base station 100, described second base station 200 and described terminal 300 respectively as leg-of-mutton three summits, the 3rd distance between second distance, described first base station 100 and described second base station 200 between the distance of first between described first base station 100 and the described terminal 300, described second base station 200 and the described terminal 300 is respectively described leg-of-mutton three length of side D ₁, D ₂, D ₀, wherein, length of side D ₁With length of side D ₀Between included angle ₁For described first signal arrives angle, length of side D ₂With length of side D ₀Between included angle ₂For described secondary signal arrives angle.Under leg-of-mutton three elongated known situations, then can calculate the number of degrees at described leg-of-mutton each angle according to the cosine law.

Described first signal arrives angle and can adopt following formula to calculate:

${\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}}_1=\frac{{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_1}^2+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_0}^2-{D_2}^2}{2\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_1\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_0}$

Described secondary signal arrives angle and can adopt following formula to calculate:

${\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}}_2=\frac{{D_2}^2+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_0}^2-{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_1}^2}{2\&times;D_2\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_0}$

Wherein, φ ₁For described first signal arrives angle, φ ₂For described secondary signal arrives angle, D ₁Be described first distance, D ₂Be described second distance, D ₀Be described the 3rd distance.

First locating module 404 is used for arriving angle and described secondary signal arrival angle according to described first signal, obtains the preliminary position of described terminal 300;

Because described first signal arrives angle and described secondary signal arrival angle all is relative angle values, can't determine its angle direction, therefore, as shown in Figure 1, arrive angle and described secondary signal arrival angle according to described first signal, two preliminary position S0 of available described terminal 300 and S1, wherein S0 is the accurate position of described terminal 300, S1 is the location interference information of described terminal 300.

Second locating module 405 is used for the preliminary position of described terminal 300 is calibrated, and determines the accurate position of described terminal 300.That is, get rid of the location interference information of described terminal 300 as shown in Figure 1, determine the accurate position of described terminal 300.

Below described second locating module 405 is determined that the method for the accurate position of described terminal 300 is elaborated.

Can adopt BF (Beamforming, wave beam forms) technology to realize the accurate position of terminal in the embodiment of the invention, at first the realization principle of beam-forming technology be carried out simple declaration below.

The base station is illustrated in figure 3 as the arrangement position schematic diagram of the aerial array of the embodiment of the invention by the aerial array receiving and transmitting signal, comprises four antennas in the described aerial array, is followed successively by antenna 0, antenna 1, antenna 2 and antenna 3.As can be seen from Figure 3, have certain difference by the channel distance of terminal to four antenna, therefore, the time of the same signal that the terminal that four antennas receive sends is also with difference, and promptly there is phase difference in the same signal that receives of four antennas.

Suppose that the channel distance between terminal and the antenna 0 is L0, channel distance between terminal and the antenna 1 is L1, the signal of terminal emission is λ, and then the phase difference ω 01 of the signal that receives of the signal that receives of antenna 1 and antenna 0 is: ω 01=((L1-L0)/λ) * 2 π.Same, the phase difference ω 02 of the signal that signal that antenna 2 receives and antenna 0 receive is: ω 02=((L2-L0)/λ) * 2 π, the phase difference ω 03 of the signal that signal that antenna 3 receives and antenna 0 receive is: ω 03=((L3-L0)/λ) * 2 π, wherein, L2 is the channel distance between terminal and the antenna 2, and L3 is the channel distance between terminal and the antenna 3.

Reciprocity according to radio communication channel, if antenna 0, antenna 1, antenna 2 and antenna 3 are launched the signal that initial phase is φ simultaneously, then the signal of the antenna 1 that receives of terminal is ω 01 with the phase difference of the signal of the antenna 0 that receives, the signal of the antenna 2 that terminal receives is ω 02 with the phase difference of the signal of the antenna 0 that receives, and the signal of the antenna 3 that terminal receives is ω 03 with the phase difference of the signal of the antenna 0 that receives.

According to the principle of stacking of wave beam, if the phase place difference of each signal of while incoming terminal, decay just may appear in signal stack back, even the situation of Wave crest and wave trough addition, thereby the power of signal reduces, and the receiving efficiency of relevant terminal also can variation.

For the signal power grow that end is received, homophase in the time of can when transmitting, making the signal incoming terminal as far as possible.Concrete, can when transmitting, four antennas add a compensation of phase in advance the signal of each antenna emission, make the signal homophase that terminal receives.For example, the phase place that four antennas can be transmitted respectively figuration be φ, φ-ω 01, φ-ω 02 and φ-ω 03.The transmitter, phase of above-mentioned adjusting different antennae makes the signal of incoming terminal to be also referred to as phase weighting with superimposed method.

Suppose that four antennas in the aerial array of base station are according to the equidistant arrangement of straight line, spacing between every adjacent 2 antennas is Δ x, described aerial array receives from direction in space (θ, the signal of terminal emission φ), wherein, the phase difference of the signal that signal that array element m (m antenna in the aerial array) receives and initial point reference array element receive is (in the embodiment of the invention be initial point reference array element with the array center, the phase place at initial point reference array element place is 0):

Δψ _m＝β(x _m?cosφsinθ+y _m?sinθsinφ+z _m?cosθ) (1)

Wherein, φ be terminal in the horizontal direction with aerial array in the angle of straight line at array element place, θ is the elevation angle of aerial array with respect to described terminal, hypothesis terminal and aerial array are positioned on the same horizontal plane in the embodiment of the invention, think that promptly θ is 0, β is the power magnitude of described aerial array, x _m, y _m, z _mBe respectively the coordinate figure of the projection that terminal fastens in space coordinates.

According to formula (1) and x _m=m Δ x as can be known, the signal u that array element m receives _m(t) be:

u _m(t)＝As(t)e ^{-jβmΔx?cos?φ?sin?θ} (2)

Wherein, the signal that As (t) records for initial point reference array element place, A is the gain constant of antenna, and the antenna in the embodiment of the invention in the described aerial array of hypothesis is omnidirectional antenna, and has identical gain on each direction, and s (t) is the plane modulating wave, x _mThe X-axis coordinate figure of the projection of fastening in space coordinates for terminal also is the distance of array element m and initial point reference array element.

According to formula (2), the output signal z (t) that then can obtain aerial array is (i.e. the superposed signal of four antennas):

$z\left(t\right)=\underset{m=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_m{u}_m\left(t\right)=\mathrm{As}\left(t\right)\underset{m=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_e{e}^{-\mathrm{j\&beta;m\&Delta;}x\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}}=\mathrm{As}\left(t\right)f(\mathrm{\&theta;},\mathrm{\&phi;})---\left(3\right)$

Wherein, M is the number of antenna in the aerial array, w _mThe phase weighting factor for array element m, (θ φ) is array factor to f, from formula (3) as can be seen, array factor f (θ, φ) be direction in space (θ, function φ), the ratio of the signal As (t) that the output signal z (t) that has determined aerial array and initial point reference array element place record of terminal, therefore, can be by adjusting the phase weighting factor, with the maximum main lobe of array factor aim at any direction (θ, φ).

Make the phase weighting factor of m array element be $w_m=e^{\mathrm{j\&beta;m\&Delta;x}(\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}-{\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}}_0)},$ Then the computing formula of the array factor of aerial array becomes:

$f(\mathrm{\&theta;},\mathrm{\&phi;})=\underset{m=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{e}^{-\mathrm{j\&beta;m\&Delta;x}(\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}-{\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}}_0)}=\frac{\sin \left(\frac{\mathrm{\&beta;M\&Delta;x}}{2}(\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}-{\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}}_0)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{\mathrm{\&beta;\&Delta;x}}{2}(\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}-{\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}}_0)\right)}{e}^{-j\frac{\mathrm{\&beta;\&Delta;x}}{2}(\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}-{\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}}_0)---\left(4\right)}$

In OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access, OFDM insert) system, multiply by identical phase weighting factor w for each carrier wave of each antenna _m, the phase weighting factor difference of different antennas, the effect of several antenna beam stack just can form directional beam aloft.

From formula (4), as can be seen, need only and adjust φ ₀Value, just can be the direction of any hope of beam position of the emission of aerial array.

Be illustrated in figure 4 as the embodiment of the invention at φ ₀Array factor distribution schematic diagram in the time of=0 °, resultant field beam pattern are that the electric field by individual antenna multiply by array factor and obtains, promptly

E (total)=[E (single element at reference point (electric field of individual antenna))] * [arrayfactor (array factor)]

After multiply by the directional diagram of individual antenna, the major lobe of directional diagram has departed from desired angle φ ₀(except 0 and 180 degree), and also make amplitude that change has taken place.This shows that array factor has very big influence to formed wave beam.φ ₀In 60 °～120 ° scope, can obtain complete wave beam, and, can obtain three dB bandwidth, all can not get, lose the meaning of wave beam formation away from the angle even the three dB bandwidth of this scope near 60 °～120 ° angles in other situation.At 40＜φ ₀Can obtain effective wave beam in＜140 the scope, and in other zone because the too wide three dB bandwidth that can not get of wave beam, and also have a very large secondary lobe.Be illustrated in figure 5 as the embodiment of the invention at φ ₀Array factor distribution schematic diagram in the time of=70 ° as can be seen from Figure 5, behind the increase Sidelobe Suppression ratio, can increase the directional effect of wave beam.

Mark among above-mentioned Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 0.2 to 1 for returning 1 range value of changing (being directly proportional with the transmitting power of remote radio unit (RRU) in practice).

In the embodiment of the invention, then can adopt beam-forming technology, control described first base station 100 and point to φ to described terminal 300 emissions ₁The directional beam of direction perhaps also can be controlled described second base station 200 and point to φ to described terminal 300 emissions ₂The directional beam of direction.

Described Terminal Position Location System is relatively launched the signal quality parameter of directional beam (being wave beam forming) front and back terminal to report, the CINR of downlink data (Carrier to Interference+Noise Ratio for example, carrier wave and interference+noise compare) signal quality parameter such as value grade, if the CINR value of downlink data has tangible increase after the emission directional beam, can think that terminal is just at θ at this moment ₁Traverse line and θ ₂On the joining of traverse line, otherwise, just think that terminal is just at-θ ₁Traverse line and-θ ₂On the joining of traverse line.

Owing to adopt TDD (Time Division Duplex, time division duplex) technology, so the CINR value of downlink data can report at the sub-frame of uplink of this frame behind the wave beam forming, so have good real time performance.In order to improve the reliability of comparative result, can adopt the mode of multi-frame mean, the some frames behind some frames and the wave beam forming before the wave beam forming are asked the average of CINR value, then the size of average relatively.

Based on above description, described second locating module 405 has structure as shown in Figure 6, and described second locating module 405 comprises:

Beams directed module 4051, be used to control the directional beam of the aerial array of described first base station 100 to described first signal arrival of described terminal 300 emission sensings angle, the aerial array of perhaps controlling described second base station 200 points to the directional beam that described secondary signal arrives angle to described terminal 300 puberty;

Described directional beam is:

$z\left(t\right)=\mathrm{As}\left(t\right)\underset{m=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_m{e}^{-\mathrm{j\&beta;m\&Delta;}x\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}}$

Wherein, z (t) is described directional beam, the signal that As (t) records for initial point reference array element place, and M is the number of antenna in the aerial array, w _mThe phase weighting factor for m array element in the aerial array, β is the amplitude of aerial array power, m Δ x is the distance between m array element and the initial point reference array element, φ is that described first signal arrives angle or describedly must arrive angle as signal, and θ is the elevation angle of aerial array with respect to described terminal.

Comparison module 4052 is used for relatively launching the signal quality parameter of described terminal to report before and after the described directional beam, obtains a comparative result;

Determination module 4053 is used for according to described comparative result, and the preliminary position of described terminal is calibrated, and determines the accurate position of described terminal.

In the foregoing description, described first apart from acquisition module 401, second distance acquisition module 402, angle acquisition module 403, first locating module 404 and second locating module 405 all can be arranged in the location-server of a special use, when described location-server is located described terminal 300 at needs, the first o'clock breath that believes one side only that obtains in the time of can obtaining described terminal 300 initial rangings from described first base station 100, calculate first distance between described terminal 300 and described first base station 100 according to described first o'clock breath that believes one side only, and the second o'clock breath that believes one side only that obtains when obtaining described terminal 300 initial rangings from described second base station 200, calculate second distance between described terminal 300 and described second base station 200 according to described second o'clock breath that believes one side only, according to described first distance, the 3rd distance between second distance and described first base station 100 and described second base station 200, obtain the angular relationship of described terminal 300 and described first base station 100 and described second base station 200, thereby described terminal 300 is carried out Primary Location, and according to beam-forming technology, control described first base station 100 or described second base station 200 to described terminal 300 emission directional beams, described terminal 300 is accurately located.

In addition, above-mentioned position fixing process also can be carried out by described first base station 100 or described second base station 200, carrying out described position fixing process with described first base station 100 is that example describes, be described first apart from acquisition module 401, second distance acquisition module 402, angle acquisition module 403, first locating module 404 and second locating module 405 are arranged in described first base station 100, when described terminal 300 is located at needs in described first base station 100, the first o'clock breath that believes one side only that obtains when obtaining described terminal 300 initial rangings, according to described first o'clock breath that believes one side only calculate and described terminal 300 between first distance; And the second o'clock breath that believes one side only that obtains when obtaining described terminal 300 initial rangings from described second base station 200, calculate second distance between described terminal 300 and described second base station 200 according to described second o'clock breath that believes one side only, perhaps, also can send to described first base station 100 then by the second distance between described second base station, 200 described terminals 300 of calculating and described second base station 200; Described first base station 100 is according to the 3rd distance between described first distance, second distance and described first base station 100 and described second base station 200, obtain the angular relationship of described terminal 300 and described first base station 100 and described second base station 200, thereby described terminal 300 is carried out Primary Location, and according to beam-forming technology, to described terminal 300 emission directional beams, described terminal 300 is accurately located.

Perhaps, above-mentioned position fixing process also can be combined and carry out with base station (described first base station 100 or described second base station 200) by the location-server of a special use, be described first to be arranged in described location-server apart from acquisition module 401, second distance acquisition module 402, angle acquisition module 403, first locating module 404 and second locating module, 405 parts, a part is arranged in the base station.

The Terminal Position Location System that provides by the foregoing description, obtain the time breath that believes one side only of the terminal that in the terminal initial ranging process, obtains, and when described distance between inclined to one side information acquisition terminal and the base station, according to the distance between described terminal and the base station, obtain the angular relationship between base station and the terminal, terminal is carried out Primary Location, and, terminal is accurately located by the many antenna calibrations mechanism in the beam-forming technology.(time believe one side only breath) is the existing resource in the terminal initial ranging process because the positional parameter that adopts, and therefore do not need extra Channel Transmission located in connection data, thereby saved Internet resources.

Be illustrated in figure 7 as a flow process schematic diagram of the method for locating terminal of the embodiment of the invention, described method of locating terminal is applied in the described Terminal Position Location System of the foregoing description, and described Terminal Position Location System comprises: first base station, second base station and the overlapping covered terminal to be positioned that is positioned at described first base station and described second base station; Described method of locating terminal may further comprise the steps:

Step 701, described Terminal Position Location System is according to first o'clock breath that believes one side only of described terminal, obtain first distance between described first base station and the described terminal, the breath that believes one side only was in described first o'clock: the described terminal that obtains in the ranging process of described terminal is with respect to the time breath that believes one side only of described first base station;

Between described first base station and the described terminal first distance can adopt following formula to calculate:

D ₁＝[(τ ₁/Bandwidth)*Velocity]/2

Wherein, D ₁Be described first distance, τ ₁Be the described first o'clock breath that believes one side only, Bandwidth is a system transmission bandwidth, for example, can be 11.2Mhz (megahertz) that Velocity is the transmission speed of signal, is generally 3 * 10 ⁸M/s (metre per second (m/s)).

Step 702, described Terminal Position Location System is according to second o'clock breath that believes one side only of described terminal, obtain the second distance between described second base station and the described terminal, the breath that believes one side only was in described second o'clock: the described terminal that obtains in the ranging process of described terminal is with respect to the time breath that believes one side only of described second base station;

Second distance between described second base station and the described terminal can adopt following formula to calculate:

D ₂＝[(τ ₂/Bandwidth)*Velocity]/2

Wherein, D ₂Be described second distance, τ ₂Be the described second o'clock breath that believes one side only, Bandwidth is a system transmission bandwidth, and Velocity is the transmission speed of signal.

Step 703, described Terminal Position Location System is according to the 3rd distance between described first distance, described second distance and described first base station and described second base station, obtains described terminal and arrives angle and the described terminal secondary signal arrival angle with respect to described second base station with respect to first signal of described first base station;

Described first signal arrives angle and can adopt following formula to calculate:

${\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}}_1=\frac{{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_1}^2+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_0}^2-{D_2}^2}{2\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_1\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_0}$

Described secondary signal arrives angle and can adopt following formula to calculate:

${\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}}_2=\frac{{D_2}^2+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_0}^2-{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_1}^2}{2\&times;D_2\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000012493300031.png,HSA00000012493300032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_0}$

Wherein, φ ₁For described first signal arrives angle, φ ₂For described secondary signal arrives angle, D ₁Be described first distance, D ₂Be described second distance, D ₀Be described the 3rd distance.

Step 704, described Terminal Position Location System arrives angle according to described first signal and described secondary signal arrives angle, obtains the preliminary position of described terminal;

Because described first signal arrives angle and described secondary signal arrival angle all is relative angle values, can't determine its angle direction, therefore, arrive angle and described secondary signal arrival angle according to described first signal, two preliminary positions of available described terminal, one of them is the accurate position of described terminal, and one is the location interference information of described terminal.

Step 705, described Terminal Position Location System is calibrated the preliminary position of described terminal, determines the accurate position of described terminal.That is, get rid of the location interference information of described terminal, determine the accurate position of described terminal.

Can adopt beam-forming technology to realize the accurate position of terminal in the embodiment of the invention, at this moment, described step 705 also specifically may further comprise the steps:

Step 1, the aerial array that described Terminal Position Location System is controlled described first base station points to the directional beam that described first signal arrives angle to described terminal emission, and the aerial array of perhaps controlling described second base station points to the directional beam that described secondary signal arrives angle to described terminal emission;

Described directional beam is:

$z\left(t\right)=\mathrm{As}\left(t\right)\underset{m=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_m{e}^{-\mathrm{j\&beta;m\&Delta;}x\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}}$

Wherein, z (t) is described directional beam, the signal that As (t) records for initial point reference array element place, and M is the number of antenna in the aerial array, w _mThe phase weighting factor for m array element in the aerial array, β is the amplitude of aerial array power, m Δ x is the distance between m array element and the initial point reference array element, φ is that described first signal arrives angle or describedly must arrive angle as signal, and θ is the elevation angle of aerial array with respect to described terminal.

Step 2, described Terminal Position Location System are relatively launched the signal quality parameter of the described terminal to report in described directional beam front and back, obtain a comparative result;

Step 3, described Terminal Position Location System are calibrated the preliminary position of described terminal according to described comparative result, determine the accurate position of described terminal.

The method of locating terminal that provides by the foregoing description, obtain the time breath that believes one side only of the terminal that in the terminal initial ranging process, obtains, and when described distance between inclined to one side information acquisition terminal and the base station, according to the distance between described terminal and the base station, obtain the angular relationship between base station and the terminal, terminal is carried out Primary Location, and, terminal is accurately located by the many antenna calibrations mechanism in the beam-forming technology.(time believe one side only breath) is the existing resource in the terminal initial ranging process because the positional parameter that adopts, and therefore do not need extra Channel Transmission located in connection data, thereby saved Internet resources.

The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a Terminal Position Location System comprises: first base station, second base station and the overlapping covered terminal to be positioned that is positioned at described first base station and described second base station; It is characterized in that, also comprise:

First apart from acquisition module, be used for first o'clock breath that believes one side only according to described terminal, obtain first distance between described first base station and the described terminal, the breath that believes one side only was in described first o'clock: the described terminal that obtains in the ranging process of described terminal is with respect to the time breath that believes one side only of described first base station;

The second distance acquisition module, be used for second o'clock breath that believes one side only according to described terminal, obtain the second distance between described second base station and the described terminal, the breath that believes one side only was in described second o'clock: the described terminal that obtains in the ranging process of described terminal is with respect to the time breath that believes one side only of described second base station;

The angle acquisition module, be used for according to the 3rd distance between described first distance, described second distance and described first base station and described second base station, obtain described terminal and arrive angle and described terminal secondary signal arrival angle with respect to described second base station with respect to first signal of described first base station;

First locating module is used for arriving angle and described secondary signal arrival angle according to described first signal, obtains the preliminary position of described terminal;

Second locating module is used for the preliminary position of described terminal is calibrated, and determines the accurate position of described terminal.

2. Terminal Position Location System according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described second locating module comprises:

The beams directed module, be used to control the directional beam of the aerial array of described first base station to described first signal arrival of described terminal emission sensing angle, the aerial array of perhaps controlling described second base station points to the directional beam that described secondary signal arrives angle to described terminal emission;

Comparison module is used for relatively launching the signal quality parameter of described terminal to report before and after the described directional beam, obtains a comparative result;

Determination module is used for according to described comparative result, and the preliminary position of described terminal is calibrated, and determines the accurate position of described terminal.

3. Terminal Position Location System according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described directional beam is:

$z\left(t\right)=\mathrm{As}\left(t\right)\underset{m=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_m{e}^{-\mathrm{j\&beta;m\&Delta;}x\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}}$

Wherein, z (t) is described directional beam, the signal that As (t) records for initial point reference array element place, and M is the number of antenna in the aerial array, w _mThe phase weighting factor for m array element in the aerial array, β is the amplitude of aerial array power, m Δ x is the distance between m array element and the initial point reference array element, φ is that described first signal arrives angle or describedly must arrive angle as signal, and θ is the elevation angle of aerial array with respect to described terminal.

4. Terminal Position Location System according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

The computing formula of described first distance is:

D ₁＝[(τ ₁/Bandwidth)*Velocity]/2

The computing formula of described second distance is:

D ₂＝[(τ ₂/Bandwidth)*Velocity]/2

Wherein, D ₁Be described first distance, D ₂Be described first distance, τ ₁Be the described first o'clock breath that believes one side only, τ ₂Be the described second o'clock breath that believes one side only, Bandwidth is a system transmission bandwidth, and Velocity is the transmission speed of signal.

5. Terminal Position Location System according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

The computing formula that described first signal arrives angle is:

$\cos {\mathrm{\&phi;}}_1=\frac{{D_1}^2+{D_0}^2-{D_2}^2}{2\&times;D_1\&times;D_0}$

The computing formula that described secondary signal arrives angle is:

$\cos {\mathrm{\&phi;}}_2=\frac{{D_2}^2+{D_0}^2-{D_1}^2}{2\&times;D_2\&times;D_0}$

Wherein, φ ₁For described first signal arrives angle, φ ₂For described secondary signal arrives angle, D ₁Be described first distance, D ₂Be described second distance, D ₀Be described the 3rd distance.

6. a method of locating terminal is applied in the Terminal Position Location System, and described Terminal Position Location System comprises: first base station, second base station and the overlapping covered terminal to be positioned that is positioned at described first base station and described second base station; Be characterised in that, may further comprise the steps:

Described Terminal Position Location System is according to first o'clock breath that believes one side only of described terminal, obtain first distance between described first base station and the described terminal, the breath that believes one side only was in described first o'clock: the described terminal that obtains in the ranging process of described terminal is with respect to the time breath that believes one side only of described first base station;

Described Terminal Position Location System is according to second o'clock breath that believes one side only of described terminal, obtain the second distance between described second base station and the described terminal, the breath that believes one side only was in described second o'clock: the described terminal that obtains in the ranging process of described terminal is with respect to the time breath that believes one side only of described second base station;

Described Terminal Position Location System is according to the 3rd distance between described first distance, described second distance and described first base station and described second base station, obtains described terminal and arrives angle and the described terminal secondary signal arrival angle with respect to described second base station with respect to first signal of described first base station;

Described Terminal Position Location System arrives angle according to described first signal and described secondary signal arrives angle, obtains the preliminary position of described terminal;

Described Terminal Position Location System is calibrated the preliminary position of described terminal, determines the accurate position of described terminal.

7. method of locating terminal according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described Terminal Position Location System is calibrated the preliminary position of described terminal, determines the accurate position of described terminal, is specially:

The aerial array that described Terminal Position Location System is controlled described first base station points to the directional beam that described first signal arrives angle to described terminal emission, and the aerial array of perhaps controlling described second base station points to the directional beam that described secondary signal arrives angle to described terminal emission;

Described Terminal Position Location System is relatively launched the signal quality parameter of the described terminal to report in described directional beam front and back, obtains a comparative result;

Described Terminal Position Location System is calibrated the preliminary position of described terminal according to described comparative result, determines the accurate position of described terminal.

8. method of locating terminal according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described directional beam is:

$z\left(t\right)=\mathrm{As}\left(t\right)\underset{m=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_m{e}^{-\mathrm{j\&beta;m\&Delta;}x\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}}$

Wherein, z (t) is described directional beam, the signal that As (t) records for initial point reference array element place, and M is the number of antenna in the aerial array, w _mThe phase weighting factor for m array element in the aerial array, β is the amplitude of aerial array power, m Δ x is the distance between m array element and the initial point reference array element, φ is that described first signal arrives angle or describedly must arrive angle as signal, and θ is the elevation angle of aerial array with respect to described terminal.

9. method of locating terminal according to claim 6 is characterized in that:

The computing formula of described first distance is:

D ₁＝[(τ ₁/Bandwidth)*Velocity]/2

The computing formula of described second distance is:

D ₂＝[(τ ₂/Bandwidth)*Velocity]/2

Wherein, D ₁Be described first distance, D ₂Be described first distance, τ ₁Be the described first o'clock breath that believes one side only, τ ₂Be the described second o'clock breath that believes one side only, Bandwidth is a system transmission bandwidth, and Velocity is the transmission speed of signal.

10. method of locating terminal according to claim 6 is characterized in that:

The computing formula that described first signal arrives angle is:

$\cos {\mathrm{\&phi;}}_1=\frac{{D_1}^2+{D_0}^2-{D_2}^2}{2\&times;D_1\&times;D_0}$

The computing formula that described secondary signal arrives angle is:

$\cos {\mathrm{\&phi;}}_2=\frac{{D_2}^2+{D_0}^2-{D_1}^2}{2\&times;D_2\&times;D_0}$

Wherein, φ ₁For described first signal arrives angle, φ ₂For described secondary signal arrives angle, D ₁Be described first distance, D ₂Be described second distance, D ₀Be described the 3rd distance.

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