CN102140579B - Low-temperature immersed melting process method for secondary aluminum - Google Patents

Low-temperature immersed melting process method for secondary aluminum Download PDF

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CN102140579B
CN102140579B CN2011100300360A CN201110030036A CN102140579B CN 102140579 B CN102140579 B CN 102140579B CN 2011100300360 A CN2011100300360 A CN 2011100300360A CN 201110030036 A CN201110030036 A CN 201110030036A CN 102140579 B CN102140579 B CN 102140579B
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袁晓东
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Abstract

The invention provides a low-temperature immersed melting process method for secondary aluminum, comprising the steps of sorting of raw materials and fusion casting, wherein in the step of sorting the raw materials, the secondary aluminum alloy raw materials are separately stacked according to the class, the thickness and the weight of aluminum and the burning degree; and in the step of fusion casting, the low-temperature immersed melting process method, liquid leaving operation and aluminum liquid temperature control and other key steps are used. By adopting the method provided by the invention, the recovery rate of a finished product of aluminum alloy is improved by 1-5 percent, the production cost is reduced by 1-5 percent and the energy consumption is reduced by 5-10 percent. The pass percent of the product reaches 100 percent, the ash content is reduced by 5-10 percent and the aluminum in the ash is extracted more clearly; and in addition, by using the method, the direct economic benefit is improved and the protection to the environment is facilitated. According to the invention, ideas of the traditional aluminum processing high-temperature quick melting process method and equipment are overthrown and the situation that the traditional process technology does not conform to the characteristics of the secondary aluminum alloy is changed. The invention makes positive contribution to improving the recovery rate of the secondary aluminum, reducing energy consumption and cost, improving melting equipment, protecting the environment and the like.

Description

Secondary aluminum low temperature immersion melting process method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the secondary aluminium alloy smelting technique, be specifically related to the Technology that a kind of secondary aluminum reclaims.
Background technology
What the raw material of secondary aluminum was popular says, various exactly industry of scrapping or civil aluminum alloy waste material.The composition of these waste materials and classification ten complicacies after factory is gone in buying, can not must be carried out the sorting in early stage according to certain standard and requirement to the composition and the classification of waste material directly into stove production.Will carry out strictness check to the feed stock for blast furnace that sub-elects, whether the composition that the purpose of check is to control feed stock for blast furnace meets the requirement of product and cost, harmful element, environmental protection requirement.In other words, the quality of sorting will directly influence the quality and the cost of subsequent handling product.In addition, sorting also has the effect of check cost of raw.
The raw material of secondary aluminum enterprise is compared with primary aluminium processing enterprise, the uncertain and fusing point characteristic lower than primary aluminium of the maximum composition that is not both its raw material.Before buying; The side of purchasing can't carry out elder generation to raw material and assess afterwards and purchase, and existing procurement method has caused the classification and the otherness of composition before and after buying of raw material, therefore; Purchase cost receives the influence of otherness very big, is necessary through sorting raw material to be assessed.Raw material is through after the sorting, and understanding some metal is that production is out of use, and this part raw material is called residual metal for the time being.The value of residual metal is divided three classes: be lower than aluminium valency such as iron, rubbish, silt.Be higher than the aluminium valency and be similar to these three types of aluminium valencys.This metalloid can produce secondary value.At present domestic own secondary aluminium alloy raw material sources are limited, formed reversal of the natural order of things with the working ability of domestic present secondary aluminum enterprise.There are a lot of enterprises will rely on American-European market imported raw material.And American-European market is higher because of human cost, generally is the raw material of need with artificial separation is used for selling, and this has more caused the complicacy of raw material type and composition, so, seem particularly important for the sorting of advancing the stove raw material.
In the prior art, the melting method of secondary aluminum is generally: the disposable accumulation of renewable aluminum raw material is dropped in the smelting furnace, and directly after melting after the intensification, disposable coming out of the stove carried out Alloying Treatment.The problem of its existence is: disposable accumulation feeds intake, and (per hour greater than the 6 tons) fusing fast of 800 degree high temperature causes the raw material vigorous oxidation, produces a large amount of aluminum oxide; And energy consumption is high, and environmental pollution is big; Simultaneously, exist scaling loss serious, thereby cause direct yield low.
Summary of the invention
To the above-mentioned deficiency that prior art exists, the objective of the invention is to solve secondary aluminum melting aluminium and decrease the problem high, that direct yield is low, energy consumption is high, a kind of secondary aluminum low temperature immersion melting process method is provided.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is following: a kind of secondary aluminum low temperature immersion melting process method, comprise sorting, founding and the recovering step of raw material, and concrete steps are following:
(1) sorting of raw material: the secondary aluminium alloy raw material is carried out pile up separately after the sorting by cast alumin(i)um, wrought aluminium, other composition materials etc.; Help the reinforced kind of choose reasonable, reinforced period and feeding quantity, thereby improve direct yield;
(2) founding: comprise low temperature immersion melting process method, stay the soup operation and control temperature of aluminum liquid committed step;
A) low temperature immersion melting process method is:
At first, the heavy wall raw material more than 3 millimeters is added smelting furnace, the fusing of heating is as make soup first, and add-on is advisable with 1/3 of this stove total volume, and aluminium soup temperature is controlled at 520~680 ℃;
Secondly, repeatedly add smelting furnace from thick to thin order of addition(of ingredients) by the raw material classification, each feeding quantity is controlled at below the aluminium soup face, to fully stir after reinforced, each stirring extent with the concentration of soup increase to stir motionless for well; Raw material after reinforced will be immersed in the aluminium soup fully, utilizes the temperature of aluminium liquid in the smelting furnace that raw material is carried out the low temperature immersion, each reinforced back soak time 30~60 minutes; In at this moment with between the aluminium soup temperature increase to 650~680 ℃, by this process reciprocation cycle, up to the molten full stove of aluminium liquid; Avoid burning things which may cause a fire disaster to the direct contact burning of raw material in the fusion process, to reduce the aluminium damage that vigorous oxidation produces;
Then, the band iron charge adds when reinforced the last time, waits to be with to take off rapidly after the fusing of iron charge surfaces of aluminum to tap a blast furnace;
At last, aluminium soup is put to following stove, carried out Alloying Treatment; According to chute length, temperature was controlled between 600~650 ℃ when aluminium liquid was put soup to following stove.
B) stay the soup operation to be: only put half when every stove aluminium liquid is put aluminium soup, in stove, stay half aluminium liquid and be used for reinforced next time end liquid, low temperature submergence melting process once more circulates;
C) control temperature of aluminum liquid: in operation, regulate aluminium soup temperature through the feed way of having many meals but little food at eath; Thereby control temperature of aluminum liquid indirectly between 520~680 ℃, suppress iron-holder rising in the aluminium liquid, evaporation of metal, scaling loss, the energy consumption that also reduced simultaneously with such method.
(3) reclaim: be meant straight receipts and the grey recovery of aluminium from the waste material to the product;
The straight receipts is meant the disposable yield rate that goes out aluminium water, and the recovery of aluminium ash is meant that the aluminium ash claws the extraction rate of back to aluminium in the aluminium ash.Adopt low temperature immersion melting process method, can the product direct yield be improved 1-5 percentage point, when improving the product direct yield, reduced and reduced aluminium content in grey ash discharge amount and the ash, help in the recovery of ash, extracting the aluminium in the ash more thorough.
Further, in the said founding step, also comprise the batching of melting, promptly according to requirement of products with addition of silicon, copper, primary aluminium ingot (AOO) and other element raw materials.
Compare prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Adopt secondary aluminum low temperature immersion melting process method of the present invention, duraluminum final product direct yield improves 1~5 percentage point, and production cost reduces by 1~5 percentage point, and energy consumption reduces by 5%~10%.The quality product qualification rate reaches 100%; And reduce ash and measure 5~10 percentage points; Aluminium extracts totallyer in the ash, presses 16000 yuan of/ton calculating of the existing Renminbi of y alloy y ingot, and the direct economic benefit that produces per ton is more than 500 yuan; When improving direct economic benefit, the favourable again protection of environment.
The present invention has overthrown the theory of existing aluminium processing quick melting process technological method of high temperature and equipment, sets up the basic theory that meets the secondary aluminum characteristic, and theory is guided out and meets low temperature immersion melting process method thus; Change the present situation that prior art and equipment do not meet the secondary aluminium alloy characteristic, for the recovery that improves secondary aluminum, cut down the consumption of energy, reduce cost, improve aspects such as secondary aluminum smelting equipment, protection environment and have positive contribution.
Embodiment
The secondary aluminum low temperature immersion melting process method that the present invention relates to comprises the steps:
1, sorting: at present domestic own secondary aluminium alloy waste material is limited, has formed reversal of the natural order of things with the working ability of domestic present secondary aluminum enterprise.There are a lot of enterprises will rely on American-European market imported raw material.And American-European market is higher because of human cost, generally is the raw material of need with artificial separation is used for selling, and this has more caused the complicacy of raw material type and composition, so, seeming particularly important for the sorting of advancing stove raw material and residual metal, concrete grammar is following:
A, the sorting of branch kind:, raw material roughly is divided into a plurality of kinds through sorting to carrying out disposable sorting with various waste materials different classes of, different varieties in batch raw material.As: zinc, magnesium, copper, iron, steel, titanium, lead, tin, gold, silver, electric wire, explosive material, electrical contact, plastics, rubbish or the like.Can disposablely will advance stove raw material, residual metal and rubbish etc. in this way and make a distinction, and be convenient to produce materials and clout and handle.
B, sub-category sorting: be exactly to y alloy y class and modification duraluminum class promptly: the cast alumin(i)um that people are commonly called as, wrought aluminium, composite material carry out pile up separately after the sorting, supply to produce classification and measure materials.
C, divide the content sorting: according to the requirement of this enterprise product, make enterprise's operation standard of selecting materials, make main material materials standard and high-content digestion material standard respectively, require the grder man to carry out the sorting check, meet the batching requirement by standard.
D, branch thickness sorting: the difference in thickness of special frivolous material and heavy wall material is very big, and the oxidized speed of special frivolous material is greater than the heavy wall material, and fusing must be the immersion fusing.Pile up separately after the sorting helps the mode of choose reasonable order of addition(of ingredients) and fusing, thereby improves direct yield.
2, founding: founding is the process that melting combines with casting.The control of the principle in the fusion-casting process, mode of operation, temperature of aluminum liquid, the control of casting flaw, all closely related with cost, founding is not only the embodiment of Technology, especially the embodiment of cost.
2, the principle of 1 low temperature immersion melting process method: the notion of so-called here " low temperature " is to compare with the fusing point of primary aluminium.The raw material of secondary aluminum and primary aluminium has very big difference, and the raw material of secondary aluminum generally is to occur with the form of alloy, and its characteristic is: fusing point is lower than the fusing point of primary aluminium, the oxidized area surface-area greater than primary aluminium.This characteristic has determined secondary aluminum and primary aluminium runing counter to fully on the fusing theory.The principle that runs through secondary aluminum melting whole process is: the fusing of low temperature immersion.Under the guidance of this Technology, constant product quality, energy consumption is low, and aluminium soup gassiness dregginess significantly reduces, and production cost is controlled, has effectively improved product direct yield.
2,2 stay the soup operation: the product standard according to the client is rationally prepared burden, and confirms reinforced kind, order and the add-on of this heat.The key point of this mode of operation is that raw material is immersed in the aluminium liquid fully, has avoided the direct high temperature oxidation of raw material in the operation process, has reduced the aluminium damage, thereby reaches the purpose that improves direct yield.
2,3 control temperature of aluminum liquid: the feed way through having many meals but little food at eath in operation, come control temperature of aluminum liquid indirectly with the viscosity of aluminium liquid, with such method, suppress iron-holder rising in the aluminium liquid, evaporation of metal and scaling loss, cut down the consumption of energy.
2,3 prevention casting flaws: casting flaws such as pin hole and segregation are one of major reasons that causes the product goods return and replacement.In castingprocesses, to note using correct solidification mode, just can make the internal organizational structure of product and chemical ingredients reach unified, help the processing characteristics and the quality product of down-stream enterprise.
Through embodiment the present invention is done further explain below.
Same raw material, same equipment, different process contrast following subordinate list 1 and table 2.
Table 1 is the melting of the secondary aluminum that adopts the quick melting process of conventional high-temperature and carry out.
Direct yield: 0.816092.The recovery: 0.879028.The total consumption of Sweet natural gas: 154702 cubic metres average 141 cubic metres // ton.Medial temperature: 748 degree
Table 2 is the melting of low temperature immersion melting process secondary aluminum of the present invention.
Direct yield: 0.85491.The recovery: 0.910732.The total consumption of Sweet natural gas: 124037 cubic metres average 107 cubic metres // ton.Medial temperature: 715 degree.
The each economic target experiment comparing result of low temperature immersion melting process of the present invention and the quick melting process of existing high temperature is seen table 3.To sum up, low temperature immersion melting process duraluminum final product direct yield of the present invention improves 1~5 percentage point, and production cost reduces by 1~5 percentage point, and energy consumption reduces 5%-10%.The quality product qualification rate reaches 100%, and reduces 5~10 percentage points of ash amounts, and aluminium extracts cleaner in the ash; Press 16000 yuan of/ton calculating of the existing Renminbi of y alloy y ingot; The direct economic benefit that produces per ton is more than 500 yuan, when improving direct economic benefit, and the favourable again protection of environment.
Annotate: among the embodiment, the temperature on the table is the furnace gas temperature that the furnace operation interface is shown, furnace gas temperature is than the high 50--80 degree of temperature of aluminum liquid usually, and mentioned temperature is a temperature of aluminum liquid in the low temperature immersion melting process technological method.
Subordinate list is seen table in addition.
Figure BDA0000045736440000051
Figure BDA0000045736440000061
Figure BDA0000045736440000081
Figure BDA0000045736440000091

Claims (3)

1. a secondary aluminum low temperature immersion melting process method comprises the steps:
(1) sorting of raw material: the secondary aluminium alloy raw material is carried out pile up separately after the sorting by cast alumin(i)um, wrought aluminium and other composition materials; And according to the thickness of secondary aluminium alloy and weight by scaling loss degree pile up separately;
(2) founding: comprise low temperature immersion melting process method, stay the committed step of soup operation and control aluminium soup temperature;
A) low temperature immersion melting process method is:
At first, the heavy wall raw material more than 3 millimeters is added smelting furnace, the fusing of heating is as make soup first, and add-on is with 1/3 of this stove total volume, and aluminium soup temperature is controlled at 520~680 ℃;
Secondly, repeatedly add smelting furnace from thick to thin order of addition(of ingredients) by the raw material classification, each feeding quantity is controlled at below the aluminium soup face, to fully stir after reinforced, each stirring extent with the concentration of soup increase to stir motionless till; Raw material after reinforced will be immersed in the aluminium soup fully, utilizes the temperature of aluminium soup in the smelting furnace that raw material is carried out the low temperature immersion, each reinforced back soak time 30~60 minutes; In at this moment with between the aluminium soup temperature increase to 650~680 ℃, by this program reciprocation cycle, up to the molten full stove of aluminium soup; Avoid burning things which may cause a fire disaster to the direct contact burning of raw material in the fusion process;
Then, the band iron charge adds when reinforced the last time, waits to be with to take off rapidly after the fusing of iron charge surfaces of aluminum to tap a blast furnace;
At last, aluminium soup is put to following stove, carried out Alloying Treatment; According to chute length, aluminium soup during to following stove temperature be controlled between 600~650 ℃;
B) stay the soup operation to be: every stove aluminium soup is only put half the, in stove, stays half aluminium soup and is used for reinforced next time end soup, the low temperature submergence that circulates once more fusing;
C) control aluminium soup temperature: in operation, regulate aluminium soup temperature, thereby control aluminium soup temperature indirectly between 520~680 ℃ through the feed way of having many meals but little food at eath;
(3) reclaim: reclaim the process that extracts a spot of aluminium soup in the straight receipts that are meant from the waste material to the finished product and the aluminium ash once more;
The straight receipts is meant the disposable aluminium water that goes out, and the recovery of aluminium ash is meant that the aluminium ash claws the proposition process of back to aluminium in the aluminium ash.
2. secondary aluminum low temperature immersion melting process method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the said founding step, also comprise the batching of melting, promptly according to requirement of products with addition of silicon, copper, primary aluminium ingot and other element raw materials.
3. secondary aluminum low temperature immersion melting process method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the said founding step, also comprise prevention casting flaw, promptly in castingprocesses, meet the consecutive solidification characteristic.
CN2011100300360A 2011-01-27 2011-01-27 Low-temperature immersed melting process method for secondary aluminum Expired - Fee Related CN102140579B (en)

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CN102703739B (en) * 2012-07-03 2014-01-29 遂宁市新华西铝业有限公司 Production process of recycled aluminum
CN103898337B (en) * 2012-12-31 2016-08-24 保定安保能冶金设备有限公司 Secondary aluminium melts ferro-aluminum separating technology automatically
CN103162539B (en) * 2013-03-27 2015-07-15 湖南巴陵炉窑节能股份有限公司 Method of transferring and pouring aluminum liquid in process of preparation of electrician round aluminum rod
CN103361487B (en) * 2013-07-22 2015-04-22 南南铝业股份有限公司 Production method of recycled aluminum
CN108085513A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-05-29 河南中孚铝合金有限公司 The method of purification of aluminium slag in holding furnace
CN108615960A (en) * 2018-04-20 2018-10-02 东深金属燃料动力实验室有限责任公司 The method that aluminium hydroxide is produced using discarded aluminium
CN108823412B (en) * 2018-06-20 2020-02-11 河南明泰铝业股份有限公司 Processing and production process of secondary aluminum

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