CN102140479A - Method for preparing marsh gas by performing straw anaerobic fermentation and system for centrally utilizing marsh gas - Google Patents

Method for preparing marsh gas by performing straw anaerobic fermentation and system for centrally utilizing marsh gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102140479A
CN102140479A CN2010101030773A CN201010103077A CN102140479A CN 102140479 A CN102140479 A CN 102140479A CN 2010101030773 A CN2010101030773 A CN 2010101030773A CN 201010103077 A CN201010103077 A CN 201010103077A CN 102140479 A CN102140479 A CN 102140479A
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China
Prior art keywords
marsh gas
straw
stalk
biogas
gram
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CN2010101030773A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郭荣波
许晓晖
孟宪武
罗生军
李潇萍
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Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology of CAS
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Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology of CAS
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Priority to CN2010101030773A priority Critical patent/CN102140479A/en
Publication of CN102140479A publication Critical patent/CN102140479A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
    • C12M45/02—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances by mechanical forces; Stirring; Trituration; Comminuting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
    • C12M45/20—Heating; Cooling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Abstract

The invention discloses a technology for preparing marsh gas by performing straw anaerobic fermentation and an engineering mode for centrally utilizing marsh gas. In the technology for preparing marsh gas by performing straw anaerobic fermentation, corn straw is taken as a raw material. The technology comprises the following steps of: pretreating straw by grinding; and adjusting nutritional elements and trace elements during high-temperature anaerobic fermentation and straw fermentation. The engineering mode for centrally utilizing marsh gas consists of a plurality of marsh gas projects and a marsh gas centrally treating and utilizing project, wherein marsh gas produced by the marsh gas projects distributed at different places is conveyed and gathered through a pipeline, and is then centrally treated and utilized by using the marsh gas centrally treating and utilizing project. The invention comprises the technology for preparing marsh gas by performing straw anaerobic fermentation and provides a centralized marsh gas engineering construction and running mode accordant with the status of rural straw resource, so that the straw collecting radius is reduced, resource utilization of rural straw plays an important role in promoting rural economic development, and good economic benefit is achieved.

Description

Stalk anaerobic fermentation prepares the method for biogas and the system of focus utilization
Technical field
The invention belongs to the utilization of waste as resource field, is the technology that a kind of straw from village waste prepares biogas, has related to the system of engineering construction of a kind of straw from village producing methane and operation simultaneously.
Background technology
The development of promotion rural urbanization, construction resources conservation, eco-friendly town development general layout are the set objectives of China, wherein Development of Small Cities and Towns is an important ring of urbanization development, the development of samll cities and towns be unable to do without centralization air feed and commercialization fuel production and sale, at China's development rural urbanization central gas supply system, if still rely on existing natural gas source, cause more large impact will for the limited natural gas source of China.Must base oneself upon Development of Small Cities and Towns reality, seek resource on the spot, Renewable Energy Development can guarantee the Sustainable development of China samll cities and towns.Utilize the resources such as stalk in rural area, development stalk fermentation producing methane industry is built biogas engineering and focus utilization and airing system that stalk resource utilizes, meets the reality and the demand of Development of Small Cities and Towns, will be the urbanization process of China, development samll cities and towns economy provides support.
Stalk resource is a kind of very abundant agro-ecology matter resource in China, and annual production surpasses 700,000,000 tons, if 50% be used for biogas production, can produce 1,600 hundred million cubes of biogas, can substitute China's Natural Gas Demand in every year fully, so potentiality to be exploited is huge.Biogas is a kind of staple product of renewable energy source, have energy output height and raw material sources advantage widely, biogas has multiple use, purifies the alternative Sweet natural gas in back as process, as vehicle fuel, generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, combustion heat supplying substitutes coal or the like, has the wide range of commercial purposes.
But at present China's biogas industry is raw materials used mainly based on various fowl and animal excrements, with the stalk be raw material biogas engineering quantity seldom, technology falls behind, inefficiency.The major cause of restriction stalk marsh gas engineering development is that present existing stalk producing methane Technology falls behind, Energy efficiency is very low, and the another one major cause then is that the specific investment income of stalk producing methane engineering is very low, and project scale is little, does not have scale effect.Therefore to give full play to the potentiality of stalk fermentation producing methane, promote the fast development of stalk recovery energy industry, at first to develop the High-efficient Production technology that is suitable for the stalk fermentation producing methane, its less important popularization is suitable for the engineering mode of straw from village producing methane industry development, enlarge stalk producing methane project scale, but the limitation of Gonna breakthrough straw collecting radius, development Innovation project pattern, promote biogas focus utilization and airing system, make stalk producing methane engineering produce scale and benefit, promote the fast development of stalk producing methane industry greatly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of stalk anaerobic fermentation to prepare the method for biogas.
Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of system of the biogas focus utilization with method for preparing.
For achieving the above object, stalk anaerobic fermentation provided by the invention prepares the method for biogas, and dry straw is pulverized the back in 50 ℃ of-60 ℃ of fermentations; Adopt nitrogenous source to regulate the carbon-nitrogen ratio of fermentation materials in the fermenting process, material carbon nitrogen element mass ratio is adjusted to 25: 1-35: 1; Add the Ni of Co, 0.05-0.12 gram of 0.05-0.15 gram and the Fe of 0.05-0.25 gram in every kilogram of stalk respectively.
In the described method, also add the Mn of W, 0-0.002 gram of Mo, 0-0.015 gram of B, 0-0.1 gram of 0-0.000035 gram and the Cu of 0-0.0002 gram in every kilogram of stalk respectively.
In the described method, nitrogenous source is that ammonium hydrogencarbonate is or/and urea.
In the described method, stalk is dry straw and ensiling stalks.
In the described method, dry straw is ground into median size 20-40 order, and ensiling stalks is ground into median size less than 2mm.
In the described method, complete hybrid anaerobic ferment process is adopted in fermentation.
The system of the biogas focus utilization with above-mentioned preparation provided by the invention, the device for preparing biogas by a plurality of stalk fermentations that are distributed in the different location concentrates in together biogas by transport pipe and utilizes.
In the described system, purify again after biogas is concentrated and utilize.
In the described system, the utilization behind the marsh gas purifying is to be used to prepare vehicular gaseous propellant, cogeneration engineering and preparation Sweet natural gas.
The present invention is the biogas High-efficient Production technology of raw material with the stalk, can be the stalk fermentation producing methane industry with great development potentiality core technology is provided.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a stalk thermophilic fermentation producing methane process flow sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a stalk marsh gas engineering mode synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 1.Stalk fermentation producing methane technology provided by the invention is according to the fermenting process order: comprise that fermentation raw material is pulverized pre-treatment, the raw material carbon-nitrogen ratio is regulated and trace element adjustings, fermentation raw material charging, anaerobically fermenting, biogas are carried, biogas is handled and 6 steps such as utilization.
Material pre-treatment link of the present invention is for pulverizing, and dry straw comminuting matter median size is the 20-40 order, and ensiling stalks comminuting matter median size is less than 2mm.Need not other pre-treatment link after the pulverizing.
Carbon-nitrogen ratio control method of the present invention is to add nitrogenous fertilizer such as ammonium hydrogencarbonate, urea in stalk, and regulate through carbon-nitrogen ratio by variation to some extent according to stalk background carbon-nitrogen ratio is different for adding proportion, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of stalk material should be in the 25/1-35/1 scope.
Charging link of the present invention uses non-shaft conveyor to be apparatus for feeding, can directly advance dry material, non-shaft conveyor with mass transport to the fermentor tank, be equipped with water and natural pond liquid mixture, the solid holdup of material is adjusted to 12-20%.
Anaerobically fermenting link of the present invention requires to follow following process parameter, and residence time of material 40-50 days, organic loading 2-5gVS/Ld, fermentation pH value is controlled between the 7.1-7.6.
Liquid backflow link in natural pond of the present invention should be carried out after discharging at once, keeps feed temperature, and nitrogen element and trace element in the fermented liquid of backflow be can be regarded as feed nitrogen element and trace element, should double counting, interpolation.
Through engineering approaches of the present invention is implemented to carry out according to the pattern of biogas focus utilization, and in the maize straw main producing region, single place total fermentor tank volume in fermentation engineering unit is controlled at 12000m 3Below, the many places biogas engineering
(the biogas engineering 1,2,3,4,5,6 among Fig. 2 ... n) biogas that is produced is concentrated conveying and is collected 1 place by pipeline, focuses on and utilize engineering by biogas, focuses on and utilizes, as generating or production quality gas.
Embodiment 1
Technology of the present invention and engineered tissue pattern can be used for biogas and generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems.With the biogas of the total engineering scale 2.4 ten thousand steres engineering of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems is that case study on implementation is illustrated.
This project year, the stalk demand was 2.5 ten thousand tons, the about 0.6-0.7 ton of every per mu yield of per season of maize straw, conservative calculating, stalk supply area should be not less than 4.2 ten thousand mu of arable lands, consider general corn main producing region, maize sown area is about local cultivated area 1/2, maize straw also has other purposes simultaneously, for guaranteeing competent stalk supply, the stalk that is used for biological flue gas production should be no more than 1/3 of the interior maize straw annual production of capture range, so the required stalk purchase of engineering area should be not less than 168km 23 place's biogas engineerings are set, biogas engineering unit, every place fermentor tank cumulative volume 8000m in this zone 3, the biogas of production is concentrated to the biogas treatment project by pipe-line transportation and is generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems.
According to the summary of the invention requirement, marsh gas fermentation processes residence time of material 40-50 days, organic loading rate 2-5gVS/Ld, charging solid holdup 12%-20%.After the normal operation of Project Realization, stalk per ton produces biogas 300-450m 3, methane concentration 50%-60%, biogas adopt the original position sulfur removal technology to purify, and purify back biogas and carry out centralized power generation by pipe-line transportation to biogas focus utilization engineering.
Build above scale stalk marsh gas engineering, use Technology of the present invention and engineering operation pattern, need 2,450 ten thousand yuan of construction investments (not comprising the soil cost), 5,100,000 yuan/year of raw materials cost, 1,500,000 yuan/year of other expenses of engineering (comprising maintenance of the equipment, transport charge, labour cost, the electricity charge, water rate etc.), 9,200,000 yuan/year of generating incomes, 3,000,000 yuan/year of fertilizer incomes, this project can realize 5,600,000 yuan of annual earnings (disregarding tax revenue).

Claims (9)

1. a stalk anaerobic fermentation prepares the method for biogas, with after the crushed stalk in 50 ℃ of-60 ℃ of fermentations; Adopt nitrogenous source to regulate the carbon-nitrogen ratio of fermentation materials in the fermenting process, material carbon nitrogen element mass ratio is adjusted to 25: 1-35: 1; Add the Ni of Co, 0.05-0.12 gram of 0.05-0.15 gram and the Fe of 0.05-0.25 gram in every kilogram of stalk respectively.
2. method according to claim 1 wherein, is added the Mn of W, 0-0.002 gram of Mo, 0-0.015 gram of B, 0-0.1 gram of 0-0.000035 gram and the Cu of 0-0.0002 gram respectively in every kilogram of stalk.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, nitrogenous source is that ammonium hydrogencarbonate is or/and urea.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein, stalk is dry straw and ensiling stalks.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein, dry straw is ground into median size 20-40 order, and ensiling stalks is ground into median size less than 2mm.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein, complete hybrid anaerobic ferment process is adopted in fermentation.
7. system with the biogas focus utilization of claim 1 preparation, the device for preparing biogas by a plurality of stalk fermentations that are distributed in the different location concentrates in together biogas by transport pipe and utilizes.
8. system according to claim 7 wherein, purifies after biogas is concentrated again and utilizes.
9. system according to claim 7, wherein, the utilization behind the marsh gas purifying is to be used to prepare vehicular gaseous propellant, cogeneration engineering and preparation Sweet natural gas.
CN2010101030773A 2010-02-01 2010-02-01 Method for preparing marsh gas by performing straw anaerobic fermentation and system for centrally utilizing marsh gas Pending CN102140479A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104512989A (en) * 2013-09-27 2015-04-15 南京宏博环保实业有限公司 Process capable of increasing gas yield of biogas
CN104745639A (en) * 2013-12-30 2015-07-01 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 Process for production of biogas by wet method-dry method combined two-stage anaerobic fermentation

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104512989A (en) * 2013-09-27 2015-04-15 南京宏博环保实业有限公司 Process capable of increasing gas yield of biogas
CN104745639A (en) * 2013-12-30 2015-07-01 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 Process for production of biogas by wet method-dry method combined two-stage anaerobic fermentation
CN104745639B (en) * 2013-12-30 2018-01-23 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 A kind of united two-stage anaerobic fermentation methane production technique of wet method-dry method

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Application publication date: 20110803