CN102137402B - Multi-channel allocation method based on road vehicle network - Google Patents
Multi-channel allocation method based on road vehicle network Download PDFInfo
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- CN102137402B CN102137402B CN 201110106905 CN201110106905A CN102137402B CN 102137402 B CN102137402 B CN 102137402B CN 201110106905 CN201110106905 CN 201110106905 CN 201110106905 A CN201110106905 A CN 201110106905A CN 102137402 B CN102137402 B CN 102137402B
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-channel allocation method based on a road vehicle network, and belongs to the technical fields of computer wireless communication and mobile network. The method comprises the following steps: determining the number of partitions according to the number of available channels; determining the length of partitioned road sections according to the communication radius size of vehicles; partitioning the road sections by the mode of staggered partitioned units; allocating channels for each partitioned road section according to rules; and specially handling road intersections and annular roads correspondingly and respectively. The method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that starting from road restriction in the vehicle network, the multi-channelallocation problem in the vehicle network is converted from a dynamic two-dimensional space problem to a problem mainly focused on the static one-dimensional space, thus greatly lowering problem complexity, and achieving the purposes of lowering interference, reducing communication overhead and maintaining the excellent network connectivity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to computer radio communication and mobile network's technical field, be specifically related to a kind of multi-channel allocation method of automobile wireless self-organizing network.
Background technology
Vehicle self-organizing network (Vehicluar Ad-hoc NETwork, VANET) is a kind of of mobile ad-hoc network.Mobile ad-hoc network (MobileAd-hoc NETwork, MANET) is a kind of wireless multi-hop network of topological dynamic change by the autonomous system that the node that can move arbitrarily forms.Compare with existing wireless cellular network (Cellular Networks), WLAN (wireless local area network) (Wireless LAN), have need not to dispose in advance, networking whenever and wherever possible, self-organizing and the advantage such as maintenance certainly.And vehicle self-organizing network be with vehicle as the mobile node in the self-organizing network, vehicle node is limited on the road mobile a kind of self-organizing network.As a kind of emerging wireless self-organization network, because it can be used in and improves traffic safety, improve traffic efficiency, be subject to extensive concern.
Yet multi-hop wireless self-organizing network is faced with always that serious interference causes the low problem of performance between link.For the link interference problem, how traditional cellular network eliminates the link conflict with multi channel method, the methods that adopt figure dyeing on model more.In multi-hop wireless network, similar method is also arranged, but owing to will consider simultaneously the interference of link and the connectedness of multi-hop link, problem is more complicated.More serious is, because the mobility of this multi-hop wireless network of vehicle network causes network topology that very high dynamic is arranged, so that traditional Channel distribution mode based on link brings very large adjustment expense.
Summary of the invention
The present invention utilizes vehicle network by the characteristics of road limits, the two-dimensional network problem reduction is distributed for the multichannel take the one-dimensional space as the master, and will be converted into based on the Channel Assignment Problems of dynamic network link channel distribution based on static road, utilize the mode of many network interface cards to form the channel relay, disturb thereby reach to reduce, reduce protocol overhead, keep the purpose of network-in-dialing.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is:
Scheme 1: a kind of multi-channel allocation method based on road vehicle network, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
1) determines the dividing unit U of road according to the big or small R of vehicle communication radius, set dividing unit U and be vehicle communication radius R 1～3 times;
2) determine number of partitions M according to available number of channel N (N＞2), the relation of M and N is as follows: when N=3k or 3k+1, and M=2k; When N=3k+2, M=2k+1 (k=1,2,3 ...); Here available channel refers to the channel that does not produce each other interference, and this point be by the communication mechanism that adopts determine (for example, if adopt IEEE 802.11b/g communication, then the available number of channel is 3), and only have when number of available channels is not less than 3 and can use method of the present invention;
3) road is carried out M time and divide, the size of staggered half dividing unit (U/2) of any twice adjacent division;
4) with the staggered form that circulates channel allocation is carried out in ready-portioned highway section.For every kind of division, the distribution of channel all is to carry out according to increasing progressively one by one the form that moves in circles, namely form as ... N, 1,2,3 ... N, 1,2,3 ... sequence (available channel number is from 1 to N), distribution difference that each is divided is initial channel number.Divide for first, the initial channel number of distribution is 1; For 2i+2 (2≤2i+2≤M, i=0,1,2 ...) individual division, the initial channel number of distribution is N-3i; For 2i+1 (3≤2i+1≤M, i=1,2,3 ...) individual division, initial channel number is N-3i+1.
Scheme 2: a kind of preferred as scheme 1 is characterized in that step 1) in the dividing unit U that chooses be the twice (being U=2R) of vehicle communication radius R.
Scheme 3: replenish as a kind of of scheme 1, it is characterized in that, when the road length L is not the integral multiple of dividing unit U, then change the value of U, enable to divide equally road.
Scheme 4: preferably it is characterized in that as a kind of of scheme 3, if link length L greater than dividing unit U, then enlarges the value of U, other highway sections are all assigned in the highway section of the inadequate dividing unit of residue; If link length L less than dividing unit U, then gets U=L.
Scheme 5: replenish as a kind of of scheme 1, it is characterized in that, when running into intersection, the road and two groups in the road that goes out the road junction that road are divided into the access mouth, road division and the channel allocation of guaranteeing all access mouths are identical, and distribute identical channel in crossing, and the road that goes out the road junction is according to step 4) in rule carry out channel allocation (ginseng Fig. 3).
Scheme 6: replenish as a kind of of scheme 1, it is characterized in that, for crankcase ventilaton, divide road with vehicle communication radius R as the broken line of curve chord length, each is divided section and occupies two broken lines (ginseng Fig. 4).
The present invention has following technique effect:
The present invention is this angle of road constraint from vehicle network, it is main problem that multichannel assignment problem in the vehicle network is converted into the static one-dimensional space by the problem of dynamic two-dimensional space, greatly reduce the complex nature of the problem, and reach the premium properties that reduces interference, reduces communication overhead and maintenance network connectivty.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is made detailed description.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the applicable scene vehicle network of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is division and the channel allocation exemplary plot of the present invention on the single straight line road.
Fig. 3 is division and the channel allocation exemplary plot of the present invention when intersection.
Fig. 4 is division and the channel allocation exemplary plot of the present invention when circumferential highway.
Fig. 5 is the division exemplary plot of the present invention when crankcase ventilaton.
Embodiment
Below by an embodiment the present invention is done further explaination.
Application scenarios of the present invention is the vehicle network environment that is subjected to the road constraint restriction, and Fig. 1 has provided a common vehicle network signal.Vehicle among Fig. 1 on the road is realized the communication of single-hop or multi-hop by the wireless telecommunications system (comprising network interface card, antenna etc.) that is equipped with separately.
The present invention is directed to road and carry out static division and channel allocation work, the complexity of having avoided dynamic vehicle network environment to introduce.The road that Fig. 2 has provided core among the present invention is divided and the example of channel assignment scheme.Provide detailed description below in conjunction with Fig. 2.
It is the twice (being scheme 2) of communication radius length that the present embodiment adopts the dividing unit of road, and all divisions all are evenly to carry out by this unit.Per two adjacent divisions communication radius length of interlocking forms staggered division result.The pass of dividing between number M and the available channel number N is: when N=3k or 3k+1, and M=2k; When N=3k+2, M=2k+1 (k=1,2,3 ...).For each division, channel allocation all is to follow from certain channel number, increases successively one along with dividing line segment, arrives N and turns back to the scheme that 1 continuation circulation increases afterwards again.For the 1st division, initial channel number is 1; For 2i (2≤2i≤M, i=1,2 ...) individual division, initial channel number is N-3i; For 2i+1 (3≤2i+1≤M, i=1,2 ...) individual division, initial channel number is N-3i+1.What this division and channel assignment scheme can guarantee to use in the adjacent division is different channels.
Division and the channel allocation example of these several typical case have been provided among Fig. 2.Among Fig. 2 (a), number of available channels N=3 divides number M=2, and what can find out adjacent division use all is different channels.Among Fig. 2 (b), number of available channels N=4 divides number M=2, and what can find out adjacent division use all is different channels.Among Fig. 2 (c), number of available channels N=5 divides number M=3, and what can find out equally adjacent division use all is different channels.
Division of the present invention and channel assignment scheme are directed to the most general single road, and for intersection and circumferential highway, can carry out simple extension process can finish, and Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 provide respectively division and the method for channel allocation in these two kinds of scenes.
Fig. 3 is division and the channel allocation example of intersection.Road is divided into the road of access mouth and goes out two groups in the road at road junction, the road of guaranteeing all access mouths divide and channel allocation identical, and distribute identical channel in crossing, and the road that goes out the road junction continues to divide and channel allocation according to rule.Intersection among Fig. 3 can be regarded as by the road in north orientation south and road from west to east and intersects, the road in the north, crossing and west is regarded the road of access mouth as, south, crossing and road in the east regard the road at road junction as, as long as guarantee like this to guarantee in the division on crossing two access stomatodeums road basically identical, the road that goes out the road junction just can continue the division distribution of the road of access mouth.
Fig. 4 is the channel allocation example that forms the road of annular.Because link length may not be the integral multiple of dividing unit (twice communication radius), therefore the situation that can not just in time divide can occur, can can not become one section road all to assign to other highway sections residue this moment, suitably enlarge the covering in each highway section, can not have influence on connectedness, also very little on the impact of communication performance.Left figure can not just in time divide when dividing by original unit's length and the sight that occurs, right figure then be can not the section of being divided into the result of part mean allocation after each segmentation.
Fig. 5 is the division example of crankcase ventilaton.Before method is described and all is aimed at the straight line road and carries out, and for the road of bending, is that the broken line of curve chord length is divided road with vehicle communication radius, and each is divided and section occupies two broken lines.Curve among Fig. 5 represents the road of a bending, and broken line then is to represent the string of curve that is used for dividing road that length is vehicle communication radius, and per two broken lines form one and divide section.The method of salary distribution of channel is identical during with the straight line road.
So far, the multichannel allocative decision of whole vehicle network based on road is finished.Any two vehicles that can carry out directly mutually communication must be positioned at least one identical division highway section, can adopt the channel that distributes in this divisions to carry out communication, and not can with adjacent division in be used for communication channel produce interference.Vehicle communication node on the whole like this road just links together in a kind of mode of channel relay, thereby has kept well the connectedness of vehicle network when reducing communication-cost.
Division methods to channel among the present invention does not limit the physical layer communication method that node uses, the multichannel mechanics of communication of any share medium all can adopt method of the present invention, channel can be the frequency band in traditional frequency division multiplexing, or the sub-band in the orthogonal frequency division multiplexi (OFDM), also can be the time slot in the time division multiplexing, the perhaps code word channel among the CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access).The vehicle mobile communication node that the present invention is based on can be operated on two channels at least simultaneously, is equipped with omnidirectional antenna.Utilize location technology, node corresponds to the channel that road is divided according to own position, and two communication apparatus and antenna can be operated in two adjacent divisions, because the staggered characteristic of dividing forms the front and back relay.If more communication apparatus, antenna configuration and available channel are arranged, can obtain better performance.
Such scheme is complete channel assignment scheme, in actual use, forms complete deployment scheme but also need node to be equipped with the channel dispatch scheme according to the other technologies of using.
Claims (6)
1. the multi-channel allocation method based on road vehicle network is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) determines the dividing unit U of road according to the big or small R of vehicle communication radius, set dividing unit U and be vehicle communication radius R 1～3 times;
2) determine number of partitions M according to available number of channel N, the relation of M and N is as follows: when N=3k or 3k+1, and M=2k; When N=3k+2, M=2k+1, wherein, and N＞2, k=1,2,3,
3) road is carried out M time and divide, the size of staggered half dividing unit of any twice adjacent division;
4) with the staggered form that circulates channel allocation is carried out in ready-portioned highway section; For every kind of division, the distribution of channel all is to carry out according to increasing progressively one by one the form that moves in circles, namely form as ... N, 1,2,3 ... N, 1,2,3 ... sequence, available channel number is from 1 to N, distribution difference that each is divided is initial channel number; Divide for first, the initial channel number of distribution is 1; For 2i+2 division, the initial channel number of distribution is N-3i, 2≤2i+2≤M herein, and i=0,1,2, For 2i+1 division, initial channel number is N-3i+1,3≤2i+1≤M herein, and i=1,2,3 ...
2. multi-channel allocation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the dividing unit U that chooses in the step 1) is the twice of vehicle communication radius R.
3. multi-channel allocation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, when the road length L is not the integral multiple of dividing unit U, then changes the value of U, enables to divide equally road.
4. multi-channel allocation method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, if link length L greater than dividing unit U, then enlarges the value of U, other highway sections is all assigned in the highway section of the inadequate dividing unit of residue; If link length L less than dividing unit U, then gets U=L.
5. multi-channel allocation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when running into intersection, the road and two groups in the road that goes out the road junction that road are divided into the access mouth, road division and the channel allocation of guaranteeing all access mouths are identical, and distribute identical channel in crossing, and the road that goes out the road junction carries out channel allocation according to the rule in the step 4).
6. multi-channel allocation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, for crankcase ventilaton, divides road with vehicle communication radius R as the broken line of curve chord length, and each is divided section and occupies two broken lines.
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| CN106162736B (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2021-12-21 | 江苏迪纳数字科技股份有限公司 | Self-adaptive media access control method for Internet of vehicles |
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| CN101998284A (en) * | 2009-08-19 | 2011-03-30 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Node in vehicle ad-hoc network |
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