CN102136750A - Monomer charging and discharging tail balancing module and battery pack balancing protection management system thereof - Google Patents
Monomer charging and discharging tail balancing module and battery pack balancing protection management system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102136750A CN102136750A CN2011100843259A CN201110084325A CN102136750A CN 102136750 A CN102136750 A CN 102136750A CN 2011100843259 A CN2011100843259 A CN 2011100843259A CN 201110084325 A CN201110084325 A CN 201110084325A CN 102136750 A CN102136750 A CN 102136750A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a monomer charging and discharging tail balancing module and a battery pack balancing protection management system thereof. The monomer charging and discharging tail balancing module is provided with a direct-current voltage conversion controller, a first voltage detector, a first photoelectric coupler, a second photoelectric coupler, a field-effect tube, a triode, a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor. An output positive junction, an output negative junction, an input positive junction, an input negative junction, a secondary control junction, a balance input junction and a charging control junction are arranged on the module. The battery pack balancing protection management system is provided with a discharging control switch, a charging control switch, monomer charging and discharging tail balancing modules in same number with monomer batteries, a single battery protection integrated circuit with a balance pin (or without balance pin), a relay, a charger socket switch and a grid resistor. The invention has the advantages of simple circuit, independent charging and discharging tail balance and low energy consumption of a battery pack and can broaden volume and internal resistance errors among all the monomer batteries when assembling the battery pack.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of monomer and charge and discharge tail benefit balance module and battery pack balancing protection management system thereof; be mainly used in the balance protection management system of the battery pack of electric automobile, battery-operated motor cycle, electric bicycle, also can be used for the electric voltage equalization protection of large-scale bank of super capacitors.
Background technology
The batteries management system major function is protection and balanced, and the battery pack protection technology is very ripe, and for example the monolithic OZ890 of concavo-convex scientific ﹠ technical corporation can protect 13 joint series batteries, can 16 OZ890 cascade protections 208 save series batteries; Protection voltage detecting accuracy generally can both arrive ± 25mV, for example the S of NSK electronics corporation series battery protection integrated circuit.
Balancing technique is compared with resist technology, and balancing technique obviously lags, particularly the equalization discharge way that has nothing effective substantially; not only the product for civilian use does not generally have the equalization discharge measure; even spaceport and satellite, relevant charge balancing research report is a lot, and the equalization discharge difficulty is seen the application study report.Battery pack produces unbalanced reason, is not only that charging is unbalanced to be caused, and main unbalanced the causing of discharge.
At present, at first back composition battery pack, selection capacity, internal resistance unanimity, even charging and discharging curve unanimity are selected in strictness to cell.But battery pack in use has and can produce new unbalancedly, and the ferric phosphate lithium cell groups of one group of 12 series connection of selecting through strictness are done cycling life test, and each monomer battery voltage difference just reaches 542mV during to the 64th time; And as long as once improper charge or discharge, each cell capacity is just unbalanced immediately.Therefore selection techniques is limited to the effect that improves battery performance.
At present, common method for managing charge/discharge all is, as long as have a cell to be full of in the battery pack in advance, system just stops charging during charging, but the underfill still of most cells this moment; And when discharge, as long as there is battery pack to have a battery to put in advance, system just stops discharge.Like this, the battery pack of high price configuration both dare not be full of, and dare not put enough again, can only power consumption in the middle of that section, the capacity configuration waste is greatly.The capacity of battery pack can only equal minimum cell capacity.The cycle life of battery pack can only equal minimum cell cycle life.
At present, market batteries management system balancing technique commonly used has three kinds:
1. great majority adopt the shunting balancing techniques, for example the LTC6802 of the bq3060 of the OZ930 of the S8209 of Seiko electronics corporation, concavo-convex scientific ﹠ technical corporation, ti instrument company, Linear Techn Inc., reference voltage-stabilizing circuit TL431 shunting etc.Though and the BM309/BM320 of BYD Microtronic A/S is also balanced for shunting, have charge and discharge balancing and be relatively equilibrium, balanced advanced than the threshold values level pressure.Though the shunting balancing technique is comparatively ripe, what consume when equalization discharge is battery electric quantity, and balanced shunt current can not be big, and little electric current shunting equilibrium can not be satisfied big capacity battery-operated motor cycle, batteries of electric automobile group demand.
2. minority adopts electric capacity or inductance to shift the cascade equalization scheme of the electric charge between the battery, because of path length efficient low.For example adopt the PowerPump-bq78PL114 of the ti instrument company of inductance cascade, but also 85% energy can only be transferred to the 6th batteries.Adopt electric capacity cascade equalization scheme, use the quantity of switching tube many, reliability and fail safe wait to break through.
3. active conversion equilibrium: once saw the design that certain LiMn2O4 charger for electric bicycle adopts the centralized converter of battery pack side that battery pack and cell are charged simultaneously; Introduce in " research of electric automobile lithium ion battery EMS " (Wanxiang Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd.) " ... equalization function has been used DC-DC power conversion module efficiently ... the battery that monomer voltage is minimum carries out boost charge ... balance module is not directly installed on the car ... ", the active conversion equilibrium of just charging; State " equalizer is finished by two-way hf switching power supply ... the corresponding cell of each equalizer ... " in " power battery pack specificity analysis and balanced management " works such as () Chen Shoupings this is the active energy conversion equilibrium that the configuration single-chip microcomputer is implemented in electric automobile, cost is very high, can not implement in electric bicycle, the battery-operated motor cycle.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is intended to overcome above-mentioned technological deficiency; use dc voltage conversion technology, voltage detecting technology, battery protection integrated circuit technique, propose a kind of circuit simple, need not to add in addition software, charging and discharging equilibrium, independent equilibrium of monomer, direct voltage energy conversion equilibrium, have nothing to do substantially with the cell consistency, battery capacity and the life-span reaches the mean value of each cell and monomer low in energy consumption charges and discharge tail benefit balance module and battery pack balancing is protected management system.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted:
This monomer charges and discharge tail benefit balance module base case and is provided with dc voltage conversion controller, first voltage detector, first photoelectrical coupler (including input light-emitting diode and output phototriode), second photoelectrical coupler (including input light-emitting diode and output phototriode), field effect transistor, triode, first resistance, second resistance, the 3rd resistance.These components and parts assembly weldings are on printed circuit board and form modular structure, and module is provided with: export positive contact, the negative contact of output is imported positive contact, the negative contact of input, secondary control contact, balanced input contact, charging control contact.
Elementary, the secondary isolation of dc voltage conversion controller has the positive pin of input, the negative pin of input, exports positive pin, exports and bear pin, secondary control pin, elementary control pin, leakage pin, source pin on it.It exports positive pin, the negative pin of input is the negative contact of the positive contact of output, output that monomer charges and discharge tail benefit balance module, it is imported positive pin, the negative pin of input and monomer and charges and discharge tail and mend that balance module is imported positive contact, input is born contact and is connected, it leaks pin, the source pin is connected with field effect transistor drain electrode, source electrode, its elementary control pin is connected with the grid of field effect transistor, and its secondary control pin is that monomer charges and discharge the secondary control contact that tail is mended balance module.
First voltage detector is the equalization discharge voltage detector, and input pin, output pin, public pin are arranged on it.The first voltage detector input pin is connected with the positive contact of output that monomer charges and discharge tail benefit balance module, the first voltage detector output pin is connected with the input light-emitting diode of first photoelectrical coupler is anodal through second resistance, and the public pin of first voltage detector charges and discharge the negative contact of tail benefit balance module output with monomer and is connected; The equalization discharge of first voltage detector detects the afterbody that voltage is arranged on discharge curve.
The grid of field effect transistor is connected with output phototriode collector electrode, the elementary control pin of dc voltage conversion controller of first photoelectrical coupler, the field effect transistor drain electrode is leaked pin with the dc voltage conversion controller and is connected, and the field effect transistor source electrode is connected with dc voltage conversion controller source pin.
First photoelectrical coupler is an equalization discharge control photoelectrical coupler, its input light-emitting diode positive pole is connected through the output pin of second resistance with first voltage detector, its input light-emitting diode negative pole is connected with the negative contact of output that monomer charges and discharge tail benefit balance module, the input light-emitting diode is also in parallel with collector electrode, the emitter of triode, output phototriode collector electrode is connected with the elementary control pin of dc voltage conversion controller, fet gate, and output phototriode emitter charges and discharge the negative contact of tail benefit balance module input with monomer and is connected.
Second photoelectrical coupler is a charge balancing control photoelectrical coupler, its input light-emitting diode positive pole is connected through the equilibrium input contact that the 3rd resistance and monomer charge and discharge tail benefit balance module, its input light-emitting diode negative pole is connected with the negative contact of output that monomer charges and discharge on the tail benefit balance module, its output phototriode collector electrode and monomer charge and discharge the charging control contact that tail mends on the balance module and are connected, and output phototriode emitter and monomer charge and discharge tail benefit balance module and import and bear contact and be connected.
Transistor base charges and discharge the equilibrium input contact that tail mends on the balance module through first resistance and monomer and is connected, and it is in parallel that the collector electrode of triode, emitter and first photoelectrical coupler are imported light-emitting diode.
The present invention's improved a kind of technical scheme on base case is: also be provided with AND circuit, the 4th resistance, first input pin of AND circuit connects the elementary control pin of dc voltage conversion controller, second input pin of AND circuit connects the output phototriode collector electrode of first photoelectrical coupler, the output pin of AND circuit connects fet gate, and the 4th resistance is connected the dc voltage conversion controller and imports between the output phototriode collector electrode of the positive pin and first photoelectrical coupler.
The present invention's further improved technical scheme on above-mentioned two scheme bases is: also be provided with second voltage detector, be used for the charge balancing voltage detecting, input pin, output pin, public pin are arranged on it.The second voltage detector input pin is connected with the positive contact of output that monomer charges and discharge tail benefit balance module, the second voltage detector output pin is connected with the input light-emitting diode of second photoelectrical coupler is anodal through the 3rd resistance, also be connected with transistor base through first resistance, the public pin of first voltage detector charges and discharge the negative contact of tail benefit balance module output with monomer and is connected.
Field effect transistor of the present invention also can be a power switch transistor.
Triode of the present invention also can be field effect transistor.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted and also comprises a kind of battery pack balancing protection management system; this battery pack balancing protection management system is provided with discharge control switch, charging control switch; it is characterized in that also being provided with the monomer identical and charge and discharge tail and mend balance module and balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit is arranged with cell quantity, and relay, charger socket switch, resistance.
Each monomer charges and discharge tail and mends the positive contact of output of balance module, the negative contact of output and all connect with corresponding cell positive pole, negative pole, the positive contact of input that each monomer charges and discharge tail benefit balance module all connects battery anode, each monomer charges and discharge tail and mends the negative contact of input of balance module all through charger socket switch normally closed interlock connection battery pack negative pole, each monomer charges and discharge tail and mends the grid that the charging control contact of balance module all connects charging control switch, and the charging control switch grid is connected with battery anode through resistance.
Be connected between battery anode and the charger negative terminal input interface after relay line bag, charging control switch, the series connection of charger socket switch normally open contact; relay normally open contact is connected between charger negative terminal input interface and the battery pack balancing protection management system negative terminal, and the relay normally closed interlock is connected charger negative terminal input interface and each body charges and discharge between the negative contact of input of tail benefit balance module.
Charger socket switch normally open contact is connected between battery anode, the relay line bag, and charger socket switch normally closed interlock is connected the battery pack negative pole and each monomer charges and discharge between the negative contact of input of tail benefit balance module.
Respectively there are the balanced pin of balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit, the pin that overcharges all to charge and discharge equilibrium input contact, the connection of secondary control contact of tail benefit balance module with corresponding monomer; the positive and negative pin of input that balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit respectively arranged all connects with corresponding cell positive pole, negative pole, and charge balancing voltage, additives for overcharge protection voltage are by there being balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit to implement to detect.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted and also comprises a kind of battery pack balancing protection management system; this battery pack balancing protection management system is provided with discharge control switch, charging control switch; it is characterized in that also being provided with the monomer identical and charge and discharge that tail is mended balance module (including second voltage detector) and no balanced pin single battery is protected integrated circuit with cell quantity, and relay, charger socket switch, resistance.
Each monomer charges and discharge tail and mends the positive contact of output of balance module, the negative contact of output and all connect with corresponding cell positive pole, negative pole, the positive contact of input that each monomer charges and discharge tail benefit balance module all connects battery anode, each monomer charges and discharge tail and mends the negative contact of input of balance module all through charger socket switch normally closed interlock connection battery pack negative pole, each monomer charges and discharge tail and mends the grid that the charging control contact of balance module all connects charging control switch, and the charging control switch grid is connected with battery anode through resistance.
Be connected between battery anode and the charger negative terminal input interface after relay line bag, charging control switch, the series connection of charger socket switch normally open contact; relay normally open contact is connected between charger negative terminal input interface and the battery pack balancing protection management system negative terminal, and the relay normally closed interlock is connected charger negative terminal input interface and each monomer charges and discharge between the negative contact of input of tail benefit balance module.
Charger socket switch normally open contact is connected between battery anode, the relay line bag, and charger socket switch normally closed interlock is connected the battery pack negative pole and each monomer charges and discharge between the negative contact of input of tail benefit balance module.
Each does not have balanced pin single battery and protects the pin that overcharges of integrated circuit all to charge and discharge the secondary control contact connection of tail benefit balance module with corresponding monomer; each positive and negative pin of input that does not have a balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit all connects with corresponding cell positive pole, negative pole, and additives for overcharge protection voltage is implemented detection by no balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit.
Do not use monomer to charge and discharge tail and mend the balanced input of balance module contact, charge balancing voltage is implemented to detect by second voltage detector that monomer charges and discharge in the tail benefit balance module.
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect:
Monomer of the present invention charges and discharge tail and mends balance module and have balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit (or not have balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit; or there is balanced pin multiple batteries to protect integrated circuit; or do not have a balanced pin multiple batteries protection integrated circuit), discharge control switch, charging control switch, relay, charger socket switch etc. form series battery balance protection management system; series battery is implemented the balance protection management, compared with prior art has following beneficial effect:
1. circuit is simple, need not software, modular construction.Can be applicable to save arbitrarily series battery.
2. charge independence afterbody equilibrium: the big electric current of external charge device is to batteries charging, and monomer charges and discharge tail and mends balance module separately to the little electric current boost charge of cell, guarantees that every joint cell can both completely charge.
3. independent afterbody equalization discharge: discharge curve afterbody battery pack is independently distinguished energy to cell and is shifted, and guarantees that every joint cell can both discharge fully, and the energy of every joint cell can both be fully utilized.
4. monomer charges and discharge dc voltage conversion controller and the only short time work when the discharge curve afterbody is balanced of field effect transistor in the tail benefit balance module, and the energy level of loss battery pack is low.
5. battery capacity reaches the mean value of each cell capacity.
6. battery pack cycle life equals the mean value of each cell cycle life.
7. during assembly battery pack, capacity between each cell and internal resistance equal error tolerance limit can be relaxed, and even must not select.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the electrical schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the electrical schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 3 is the electrical schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention 3;
Fig. 4 can replace with embodiment 2 for embodiment of the invention 1() protect the management system principle diagram with the battery pack balancing of forming by balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit;
Fig. 5 is that an embodiment of the present invention 3 is managed system principle diagram with the battery pack balancing protection that no balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit is formed.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention 1 includes input light-emitting diode IC3d and output phototriode IC3t by dc voltage conversion controller DC/DC, the first voltage detector IC1, the first photoelectrical coupler IC3(), the second photoelectrical coupler IC4(includes input light-emitting diode IC4d and output phototriode IC4t), field effect transistor Q1, triode Q0, first resistance R 0, second resistance R 1, the 3rd resistance R 2 form.These components and parts assembly weldings (or group is fixed or integrated) in same encapsulation (or on printed circuit board) are formed modular structure.It is provided with: export positive contact ' O+ ', the negative contact ' O-' of output, import positive contact ' ∑ B+ ', the negative contact of input ' Σ B ﹣ ', secondary control contact ' CT ', balanced input contact ' b ', charging control contact ' Cg '.
Elementary, the secondary isolation of dc voltage conversion controller DC/DC, it is provided with input positive pin ' I+ ', the negative pin ' I-' of input, exports positive pin ' O+ ', exports negative pin ' O-', secondary control pin ' CT ', elementary control pin ' ICT ', leakage pin ' D ', source pin ' S '; It exports positive pin ' O+ ', the negative pin ' O-' of output is that monomer charges and discharge tail and mends balance module and export positive contact ' O+ ', the negative contact ' O-' (idiostatic) of output, it is imported positive pin ' I+ ' and monomer and charges and discharge tail and mend balance module and import positive contact ' ∑ B+ ' is connected, the negative pin ' I-' of its input charges and discharge the negative contact of tail benefit balance module input with monomer, and ' Σ B ﹣ ' is connected, the grid of its elementary control pin ' ICT ' and field effect transistor Q1, the output phototriode IC3t collector electrode of the first photoelectrical coupler IC3 connects, it leaks pin ' D ' and is connected with the drain electrode of field effect transistor Q1, its source pin ' S ' is connected with the source electrode of field effect transistor Q1, and its secondary control pin ' CT ' is that monomer charges and discharge the tail benefit secondary control contact of balance module ' CT '.
The first voltage detector IC1 is the equalization discharge voltage detector, and input pin ' I ', output pin ' O ', public pin ' g ' are arranged on it; First voltage detector IC1 input ' I ' and monomer charge and discharge tail benefit balance module and export positive contact ' O+ ' and be connected, the first voltage detector IC1 output pin ' O ' is connected with the input light-emitting diode IC3d of the first photoelectrical coupler IC3 is anodal through second resistance R 1, and the public pin of first voltage detector ' g ' charges and discharge the negative contact of tail benefit balance module output with monomer and is connected; The equalization discharge of the first voltage detector IC1 detects the afterbody that voltage is arranged on discharge curve.
The grid of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with output phototriode IC3t collector electrode, the elementary control pin of dc voltage conversion controller DC/DC ' ICT ' of the first photoelectrical coupler IC3, field effect transistor Q1 drain electrode is connected with the leakage pin ' D ' of dc voltage conversion controller DC/DC, and field effect transistor Q1 source electrode is connected with the source pin ' S ' of dc voltage conversion controller DC/DC; Field effect transistor Q1 also can be a power switch transistor.
The first photoelectrical coupler IC3 is an equalization discharge control photoelectrical coupler, its input light-emitting diode IC3d positive pole is connected with the output pin ' O ' of the first voltage detector IC1 through second resistance R 1, its input light-emitting diode IC3d negative pole charges and discharge the negative contact ' O-' of tail benefit balance module output with monomer and is connected, input light-emitting diode IC3d also with the collector electrode of triode Q0, the emitter parallel connection, output phototriode IC3t collector electrode and the elementary control pin of dc voltage conversion controller DC/DC ' ICT ', the grid of field effect transistor Q1 connects, and output phototriode IC3t emitter charges and discharge the negative contact of tail benefit balance module input with monomer, and ' Σ B ﹣ ' is connected.
The second photoelectrical coupler IC4 is a charge balancing control photoelectrical coupler, its input light-emitting diode IC4d positive pole charges and discharge tail benefit balance module balanced input contact ' b ' through the 3rd resistance R 2 and monomer and is connected, its input light-emitting diode IC4d negative pole is connected with the negative contact ' O-' of output that monomer charges and discharge tail benefit balance module, and its output phototriode IC4t collector electrode is connected with the charging control contact ' Cg ' that monomer charges and discharge tail benefit balance module.Be that monomer charges and discharge tail and mends the control contact ' Cg ' of balance module and be arranged on the second photoelectrical coupler IC4 output phototriode IC4t collector electrode.
Triode Q0 base stage charges and discharge tail through first resistance R 0 and monomer and mends the equilibrium input contact ' b ' of balance module and is connected, and it is in parallel that the collector electrode of triode Q0, emitter and the first photoelectrical coupler IC3 import light-emitting diode IC3d; Triode Q0 also can be field effect transistor.
When dc voltage conversion controller DC/DC and field effect transistor Q1 work, battery voltage or external charge device output voltage can be transformed to the cell charging voltage.
Referring to Fig. 4; Fig. 4 be embodiment of the invention 1(embodiment 2 also can) with the series battery balance protection system that forms by balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit; this system charges and discharge tail by three monomers and mends balance module (in the frame of broken lines), three and is made up of balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit prot1, discharge control switch DFET, charging control switch CFET, resistance Rcg, to implementing balanced by three joint cell (the first cell Cell1, the second cell Cell2, the 3rd cell Cell3) series batteries and protection is managed.Each cell positive pole; negative pole is is all just charging and discharging output that tail mends balance module (in the frame of broken lines) with corresponding in parallel monomer; negative contact ' O+; O-' connects; three monomers charge and discharge tail and mend the positive contact of input of balance module (in the frame of broken lines) ' ∑ B+ ' connects battery anode; three monomers charge and discharge the negative contact of tail benefit balance module (in the frame of broken lines) input, and ' Σ B ﹣ ' is connected; three monomers charge and discharge tail and mend the charging control contact ' Cg ' of balance protection module (in the frame of broken lines) and all connect charging control switch CFET grid, and charging control switch CFET grid connects battery anode through resistance Rcg.Each single-unit has the balanced pin ' CB ' of balanced pin battery protection integrated circuit prot1, the pin that overcharges ' CO ' all to charge and discharge equilibrium input contact ' b ', secondary control contact ' CT ' connection that tail is mended balance module with corresponding monomer in parallel; Each single-unit has the input pin ' VD ' of balanced pin battery protection integrated circuit prot1, ' VS ' all to connect with corresponding cell positive pole in parallel, negative pole.
This system also is provided with relay J 1, K switch 1.K switch 1 is the charger socket switch, and with charger socket one, when the Charger (portable round) insertion, the normally open contact of K switch 1 is connected, and the normally closed interlock of K switch 1 is disconnected.K switch 1 normally open contact is connected between battery anode, the relay J 1 line bag, and K switch 1 normally closed interlock is connected the battery pack negative pole and monomer charges and discharge the negative contact of input of tail benefit balance module ' between the Σ B ﹣ '.
Be connected between battery anode and the charger negative terminal input interface ' EC-' after the normally open contact series connection of the line bag of relay J 1, charging control switch CFET, K switch 1; the normally open contact of relay J 1 is connected between charger negative terminal input interface ' EC-' and the battery pack balancing protection management system negative terminal ' EB-', and the normally closed interlock of relay J 1 is connected the negative contact of input of charger negative terminal input interface ' EC-' and balance module ' between the Σ B ﹣ '.
Referring to Fig. 4; Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the invention 1 and the battery pack balancing protection management system principle diagram of being made up of balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit, and the charging process that Fig. 4 enforcement surmounts prior art is as follows: charge balancing voltage is by there being balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit prot1 to implement to detect.
When all monomer battery voltage all detects voltage less than charge balancing; it is electronegative potential that ' CB ' pin of balanced pin battery protection integrated circuit prot1 is arranged; each charge balancing control photoelectricity coupling device IC4 ends; each charging control contact ' Cg ' all is a high potential; charging control switch CFET conducting; relay J 1 adhesive, external charge device through the normally open contact of charger negative terminal input interface ' EC-', relay J 1 to series battery charge.
When arbitrary monomer battery voltage rises to charge balancing detection voltage, there is ' CB ' pin of balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit prot1 to become high potential by electronegative potential, and make the input light-emitting diode IC4d conducting of the second photoelectrical coupler IC4 luminous, output phototriode IC4t conducting, charging control contact ' Cg ' becomes electronegative potential, charging control switch CFET ends, relay J 1 discharges, the charging of battery pack is cut off by the normally open contact of relay J 1 and is stopped charging, and the external charge device is through interface ' EC-', normally closed interlock to monomer through relay J 1 charges and discharge negative contact ' the Σ B ﹣ ' of input that tail is mended balance module (in the frame of broken lines); Be high potential because of ' CB ' pin that balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit prot1 is arranged simultaneously; triode Q0 conducting; first photoelectrical coupler IC3 input light-emitting diode IC3d is ended; output phototriode IC3t by and be high impedance; field effect transistor Q1, dc voltage conversion controller DC/DC conducting; external charge device output voltage is transformed to the cell charging voltage; be that each monomer charges and discharge tail to mend the output voltage of balance module independent of respectively the little electric current boost charge of each cell, promptly implement the equilibrium of charge independence afterbody.
When reaching, certain cell overcharges when detecting voltage; there is the potential change of the pin that overcharges ' CO ' on the balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit prot1 to add to the secondary control contact ' CT ' that monomer charges and discharge tail benefit balance module; and dc voltage conversion controller DC/DC, field effect transistor Q1 are ended, realized this cell independence additives for overcharge protection.Overcharge when detecting voltage when another cell reaches again, dc voltage conversion controller DC/DC, the field effect transistor Q1 of cell parallel connection are cut off again therewith, and all cells are completely charged in battery pack.
It is as follows that Fig. 4 implements to surmount the discharge process of prior art: when battery power discharge during to the discharge curve afterbody, a certain monomer charges and discharge tail when mending the first voltage detector IC1 in the balance module and detecting monomer battery voltage in parallel with it and reach equalization discharge and detect voltage, output ' O ' pin of this first voltage detector IC1 becomes electronegative potential by high potential, make first photoelectrical coupler IC3 input light-emitting diode IC3d by not luminous, IC3t by and be high impedance, thereby make dc voltage conversion controller DC/DC, field effect transistor Q1 conducting (the battery pack negative pole through the normally closed interlock of K switch 1 be added to monomer charge and discharge tail mend the negative contact of input of balance module ' Σ B ﹣ '), battery voltage is transformed to the cell charging voltage, monomer charges and discharge tail and mends the output voltage of balance module independently to this cell charging, be that battery pack is to this cell makeup energy, implement the electric weight transfer of battery pack to cell, the afterbody that promptly discharges is independent balanced.
When another monomer battery voltage is reduced to equalization discharge again when detecting voltage, the monomer of cell parallel connection charges and discharge tail and mends dc voltage conversion controller DC/DC, field effect transistor Q1 conducting in the balance module therewith, as the afterbody equilibrium of discharging automatically of above-mentioned process; And can a plurality of monomers charging and discharging tail mends balance module and simultaneously the cell that connects is separately carried out the independence afterbody equilibrium of discharging.
From the above-mentioned course of work as seen, every joint cell monomer of the present invention in parallel charges and discharge tail and mends the independent equilibrium of balance module enforcement monomer; Monomer of the present invention charges and discharge tail benefit balance module charge balancing detection voltage and is arranged on charging curve afterbody (being generally charging and reaching more than 90% of battery quota capacity), and equalization discharge detects voltage and is arranged on discharge curve afterbody (being generally discharge and reaching below 20% of battery quota capacity); The external charge device charges and discharge tail through monomer of the present invention and mends balance module to the little electric current boost charge of cell when being charged to afterbody, battery pack charges and discharge tail through monomer of the present invention and mends balance module to the cell boost charge when discharging into afterbody, and it is balanced to have realized that active electric weight shifts.Promptly implemented series battery cell independence afterbody energy supplement equilibrium.
The present invention can implement any joint series battery is implemented charge and discharge balancing, but its limit depends on that balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit prot1 cascade number is arranged.Fig. 4 only is the simple case of lifting for the explanation operation principle.
Embodiment 2:
Referring to Fig. 2, the present invention also can be provided with AND circuit IC5, the 4th resistance R 3 on the basis of embodiment 1.The output pin of AND circuit IC5 ' O ' connects field effect transistor Q1 grid, first input pin ' Ia ' of AND circuit IC5 connects the elementary control pin ' ICT ' of dc voltage conversion controller DC/DC, second input pin ' Ib ' of AND circuit IC5 connects the output phototriode IC3t collector electrode of the first photoelectrical coupler IC3, and the 4th resistance R 3 is connected dc voltage conversion controller DC/DC and imports between the output phototriode IC3t collector electrode of the positive pin ' I+ ' and the first photoelectrical coupler IC3.
Set up AND circuit IC5, the 4th resistance R 3 can make the drive current of the first photoelectrical coupler IC3 be reduced to μ A magnitude, even also the electric current of balance protection management system consuming cells group reduces.The battery pack balancing that adopts present embodiment 2 to form protects management system with embodiment 1, repeats no more.
Embodiment 3:
Referring to Fig. 3, the basic principle structure of the embodiment of the invention 3 is with embodiment 1, do not exist together is that (the another kind of embodiment 3 that constitutes with embodiment 2 alternative embodiments 1 back also sets up embodiment 3 at embodiment 1, draw for simplicity) the second voltage detector IC2 is set on the basis, the second voltage detector IC2 is used to detect charge balancing voltage, and input pin ' I ', output pin ' O ', public pin ' g ' are arranged on it; The second voltage detector IC2 input pin ' I ' is connected with the positive contact of output ' O+ ' that monomer charges and discharge tail benefit balance module, its output pin ' O ' is connected with the input light-emitting diode IC4d of the second photoelectrical coupler IC4 through the 3rd resistance R 2, also be connected with the base stage of triode Q0 through first resistance R 0, its public pin ' g ' charges and discharge the negative contact of tail benefit balance module output with monomer and is connected; The charge balancing of the second voltage detector IC2 detects voltage and is arranged on the charging curve afterbody.
Referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 also sets up with the another kind of embodiment 3 that embodiment 2 alternative embodiments 1 back constitutes for an embodiment of the present invention 3(, draw for simplicity) with the series battery balance protection system of no balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit prot composition, this system charges and discharge tail by three embodiment 3 monomers and mends balance module (in the frame of broken lines), three no balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit prot reach with other structures of embodiment 1 Fig. 4 and form; Charge balancing voltage is detected by the second voltage detector IC2 that monomer charges and discharge in the tail benefit balance module, when IC2 detects a certain monomer battery voltage and reaches charge balancing and detect voltage, the output pin of IC2 ' O ' becomes high potential by electronegative potential, the second photoelectrical coupler IC4 conducting, charging control contact ' Cg ' becomes electronegative potential, the charging control switch CFET of system ends, the external charge device stops batteries charging, embodiment 2 monomers charge and discharge the triode Q0 conducting that tail is mended balance module simultaneously, the first photoelectrical coupler IC3 ends, field effect transistor Q1, dc voltage conversion controller DC/DC conducting, external charge device output voltage is transformed to the cell charging voltage, it is independent of respectively the little electric current boost charge of each cell that each monomer charges and discharge the output voltage of tail benefit balance module, implements the equilibrium of charge independence afterbody; The same Fig. 4 of its equalization discharge process does not give unnecessary details; The pin that overcharges that does not have balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit prot connects monomer and charges and discharge the secondary control contact ' CT ' that tail is mended balance module, implements cell independence additives for overcharge protection, and other defencive functions are prior art, also do not give unnecessary details.
According to above-mentioned principle; the present invention can be combined into serial power battery pack balancing protection management system with the battery protection integrated circuit of various difference in functionalitys; various different application peripheral circuit topologys can be arranged; for example protect the series battery balance protection system of integrated circuit composition with no balanced pin multiple batteries; for example with the series battery balance protection system that is made up of balanced pin multiple batteries protection integrated circuit, numerous embodiment has not just enumerated one by one at this.
Prior art among the present invention (for example discharge prevention technology) is not given unnecessary details.
Claims (7)
1. a monomer charges and discharge tail and mends balance module, it is characterized in that: be provided with the dc voltage conversion controller, first voltage detector, first photoelectrical coupler, second photoelectrical coupler, field effect transistor, triode, first resistance, second resistance, the 3rd resistance, and assembly welding becomes modular structure, monomer charges and discharge tail and mends the positive contact of output of balance module and the positive pin of output of dc voltage conversion controller, the first voltage detector input pin connects, monomer charges and discharge tail and mends the negative contact of output of balance module and the negative pin of output of dc voltage conversion controller, the public pin of first voltage detector, the input light-emitting diode negative pole of first photoelectrical coupler, the input light-emitting diode negative pole of second photoelectrical coupler, the emitter of triode connects, the positive contact of input that monomer charges and discharge tail benefit balance module is connected with the positive pin of the input of dc voltage conversion controller, monomer charges and discharge tail and mends the negative contact of input of balance module and the negative pin of input of dc voltage conversion controller, the output phototriode emitter of first photoelectrical coupler, the output phototriode emitter of second photoelectrical coupler connects, the secondary control contact that monomer charges and discharge tail benefit balance module is connected with the secondary control pin of dc voltage conversion controller, monomer charges and discharge the equilibrium input contact and first resistance that tail is mended balance module, one end of the 3rd resistance connects, first resistance, the other end of the 3rd resistance respectively with transistor base, the input light-emitting diode of first photoelectrical coupler is anodal to be connected, the charging control contact that monomer charges and discharge tail benefit balance module is connected with the output phototriode collector electrode of second photoelectrical coupler, the elementary control pin of dc voltage conversion controller and the grid of field effect transistor, the output phototriode collector electrode of first photoelectrical coupler connects, the leakage pin of dc voltage conversion controller is connected with the field effect transistor drain electrode, the source pin of dc voltage conversion controller is connected with the field effect transistor source electrode, the output pin of first voltage detector is through second resistance and anodal connection of first photoelectrical coupler input light-emitting diode, and the input light-emitting diode positive pole of first photoelectrical coupler also is connected with the collector electrode of triode.
2. monomer according to claim 1 charges and discharge tail and mends balance module, it is characterized in that: also be provided with AND circuit, the 4th resistance, the output phototriode collector electrode of the elementary control pin of dc voltage conversion controller, first photoelectrical coupler connects the input pin of AND circuit respectively, the output pin of AND circuit connects fet gate, and the 4th resistance is connected the dc voltage conversion controller and imports between the output phototriode collector electrode of the positive pin and first photoelectrical coupler.
3. monomer according to claim 1 and 2 charges and discharge tail and mends balance module, it is characterized in that: also be provided with second voltage detector, the second voltage detector input pin and monomer charge and discharge tail and mend balance module and export positive contact and be connected, the second voltage detector output pin is connected with the equilibrium input contact that monomer charges and discharge tail benefit balance module, and the public pin of second voltage detector charges and discharge the negative contact of tail benefit balance module output with monomer and is connected.
4. monomer according to claim 1 and 2 charges and discharge tail and mends balance module, and it is characterized in that: field effect transistor is a power switch transistor.
5. monomer according to claim 1 and 2 charges and discharge tail and mends balance module, and it is characterized in that: triode is a field effect transistor.
6. a battery pack balancing is protected management system; be provided with discharge control switch; charging control switch; it is characterized in that: also be provided with the have balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit identical with the cell joint number; monomer as claimed in claim 1 or 2 charges and discharge tail and mends balance module; and relay; the charger socket switch; resistance; cell is composed in series battery pack; each monomer charges and discharge the positive contact of output that tail is mended balance module; the negative contact of output all with corresponding cell positive pole; negative pole connects; each monomer charges and discharge the equilibrium input contact that tail is mended balance module; secondary control contact is all protected the balanced pin of integrated circuit with the corresponding balanced pin single battery that has; the pin that overcharges connects; the positive contact of input that each monomer charges and discharge tail benefit balance module all connects battery anode; each monomer charges and discharge tail and mends the negative contact of input of balance module all through charger socket switch normally closed interlock connection battery pack negative pole; each monomer charges and discharge tail and mends the grid that the charging control contact of balance module all connects charging control switch; the charging control switch grid is connected with battery anode through resistance; charger socket switch normally open contact; relay line bag; be connected between battery anode and the charger negative terminal input interface after the charging control switch series connection; relay normally open contact is connected between charger negative terminal input interface and the battery pack balancing protection management system negative terminal; the relay normally closed interlock is connected charger negative terminal input interface and monomer charges and discharge between the negative contact of input of tail benefit balance module, respectively has balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit to import positive pin; negative pin all with corresponding cell positive pole; negative pole connects.
7. a battery pack balancing is protected management system; be provided with discharge control switch; charging control switch; it is characterized in that: also be provided with the balanced pin single battery protection of the nothing identical integrated circuit with the cell joint number; monomer as claimed in claim 3 charges and discharge tail and mends balance module; and relay; the charger socket switch; resistance; cell is composed in series battery pack; each monomer charges and discharge the positive contact of output that tail is mended balance module; the negative contact of output all with corresponding cell positive pole; negative pole connects; each monomer charges and discharge tail and mends the secondary control contact of balance module is all protected integrated circuit with the corresponding balanced pin single battery of nothing the pin connection of overcharging; the positive contact of input that each monomer charges and discharge tail benefit balance module all connects battery anode; each monomer charges and discharge tail and mends the negative contact of input of balance module all through charger socket switch normally closed interlock connection battery pack negative pole; each monomer charges and discharge tail and mends the grid that the charging control contact of balance module all connects charging control switch; the charging control switch grid is connected with battery anode through resistance; charger socket switch normally open contact; relay line bag; be connected between battery anode and the charger negative terminal input interface after the charging control switch series connection; relay normally open contact is connected between charger negative terminal input interface and the battery pack balancing protection management system negative terminal; the relay normally closed interlock is connected charger negative terminal input interface and monomer charges and discharge between the negative contact of input of tail benefit balance module, and each does not have balanced pin single battery protection integrated circuit and imports positive pin; negative pin all with corresponding cell positive pole; negative pole connects.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110084325 CN102136750B (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2011-04-06 | Monomer charging and discharging tail balancing module and battery pack balancing protection management system thereof |
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| CN 201110084325 CN102136750B (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2011-04-06 | Monomer charging and discharging tail balancing module and battery pack balancing protection management system thereof |
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| CN102136750A true CN102136750A (en) | 2011-07-27 |
| CN102136750B CN102136750B (en) | 2013-11-06 |
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| CN 201110084325 Expired - Fee Related CN102136750B (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2011-04-06 | Monomer charging and discharging tail balancing module and battery pack balancing protection management system thereof |
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| CN106335377A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-18 | 合肥博雷电气有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted composite power supply device based on supercapacitor |
| CN107196394A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-09-22 | 国网江苏省电力公司苏州供电公司 | Storage batteries of transformer substation group controller and its control method of use |
| CN109927585A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-06-25 | 唐国齐 | Electric vehicle portable automatic charge device |
| CN111431242A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-07-17 | 福建飞毛腿动力科技有限公司 | Battery charging balance and overvoltage alarm circuit and control method thereof |
| CN111525640A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-08-11 | 北京欧罗科技发展有限公司 | Balanced maintenance instrument |
| CN112436572A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-02 | 重庆航天工业有限公司 | Electronic switch switching circuit for active equalization of battery management system |
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| CN112436572A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-02 | 重庆航天工业有限公司 | Electronic switch switching circuit for active equalization of battery management system |
| CN112436572B (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2023-01-24 | 重庆航天工业有限公司 | Electronic switch switching circuit for active equalization of battery management system |
| CN112874384A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-01 | 重庆星座汽车科技有限公司 | Parallel charging circuit |
| CN112874384B (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2022-09-02 | 苏州清研精准汽车科技有限公司 | Parallel charging circuit |
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