CN102135603A - Device for estimating cycle life of battery - Google Patents
Device for estimating cycle life of battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN102135603A CN102135603A CN2010102566839A CN201010256683A CN102135603A CN 102135603 A CN102135603 A CN 102135603A CN 2010102566839 A CN2010102566839 A CN 2010102566839A CN 201010256683 A CN201010256683 A CN 201010256683A CN 102135603 A CN102135603 A CN 102135603A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for estimating the cycle life of a battery, comprising a measuring unit, an observer unit, an adaptability parameter unit, an inner voltage estimating unit, an open-circuit voltage estimating unit, a battery cycle life computing unit and a battery residual electricity quantity estimator, wherein the measuring unit is used for measuring the working currents, the working voltages and the working temperature of the battery; the observer unit can observe the voltage of the output end of the battery and the voltage of an RC (Resistance Capacitance) parallel circuit of the battery; the adaptability parameter unit can update the parameter values of the battery; the inner voltage estimating unit can estimate the inner voltages of the RC parallel circuit of the battery; the open-circuit voltage estimating unit can compute the static open-circuit voltages of the battery; the battery cycle life computing unit can compute the cycle life value of the battery; and the battery residual electricity quantity estimator can estimate the residual electricity quantity value of the battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of battery cycle life estimating apparatus, particularly relate to a kind of employing adaptability rule (adaptive algorithm), operating voltage, working current value by input estimate the battery internal resistance value, and then estimate the device of battery cycle life, immediately measure and estimate, therefore have the characteristics of sustainable monitoring, this device is simultaneously applicable to plumbic acid, ni-mh and lithium ion battery.
Background technology
Aspect the monitoring battery status function; be divided into the residual electric weight of battery (state of charge; SOC) estimation and cycle life (state of health; SOH) function of two parts of estimation is subjects under discussion of more often being discussed at present; for example electric vehicle battery group (battery pack) management is by a battery management system (Battery Management System; BMS) be responsible for, bear the monitoring battery state; had charge and discharge protecting mechanism (charge/discharge protection); and cell voltage otherness etc. is changed work such as (voltageequalization).Because factors such as the fluctuating load when electric vehicle motor drives and the characteristic of each element cell (battery cell) and otherness, cause the estimation error of the residual electric weight of battery can reach more than 5%～10%, estimation for cycle life, also because so, be to cause to change the closely bound up cycle life estimating apparatus of battery time point with the electric motor car consumer and slowly fail commercial main cause.
As for existing battery cycle life estimation technology, comprising (1) battery cycle life function sets up, and the battery parameter of (2) function corresponding relation and system state are asked for two classes, the former technology must be dependent on a large amount of laboratories and battery operated measured data is analyzed and concluded, at present international and indecisiveness and clear and definite final conclusion and result in this research, the judgement accuracy of its battery life is subjected to the darkest its dispute of this degree of influence also maximum, latter's technology then must measure or guesswork according to the required unique parameters of the former technology, it is main object that present international patent layout is still with plumbic acid and Ni-MH battery, No. the 6456988th, U.S. " Method for determining state-of-health using anintelligent system " for example, No. 6885951 " Method and device for determining the stateof function of an energy storage battery ", No. 6469512 known patent such as " System and method fordetermining battery state-of-health " is very few at the patent or the improving technology of cycle life for lithium battery.
In view of the above as can be known, how to eliminate user's that unsettled battery management module causes distrust, the associated dynamic information that makes the user can grasp battery really is a big problem of correlative technology field.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of battery cycle life estimating apparatus, adopt adaptability rule (adaptivealgorithm), operating voltage, working current value by input estimate the battery internal resistance value, and then estimate battery cycle life, need not utilize additional expensive electronic installation (resistance measuration meter for example), carry out off-line and measure, therefore have the characteristics of sustainable monitoring, this device is simultaneously applicable to plumbic acid, ni-mh and lithium ion battery.
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of battery cycle life estimating apparatus, comprises:
One measures the unit, is connected with a battery output terminal, in order to operating voltage, working current and the working temperature that measures this battery, and exports a measurement current signal, a measurement voltage signal and a measuring temperature signal; One observer unit in order to the voltage of the RC parallel circuit of the voltage of observing this battery output terminal and this battery, and is exported a voltage estimated value signal and a current differential signal in the RC of a battery output end voltage error amount signal, a battery; One adaptability parameter unit upgrades in order to this battery is carried out parameter value, and exports at least one undated parameter value signal; Voltage estimation unit in one is estimated in order to the interior voltage to the RC parallel circuit of this battery, and is exported resistive voltage estimated value signal in; A battery open circuit voltage signal in order to calculating the static open-circuit voltage of this battery, and is exported in one open-circuit voltage estimation unit; One battery cycle life computing unit in order to calculating this battery cycle life value, and is exported a battery cycle life value signal; The residual electric weight estimator of one battery is in order to the residual charge value of estimation battery.
Be further to understand and approval structure purpose of the present invention and effect, existing describe in detail with by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as after.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the configuration diagram of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a battery model Organization Chart.
Fig. 3 is battery open circuit transformation and depth of discharge graph of relation.
Fig. 4 is battery cycle life and interior resistance change graph of relation.
Fig. 5 is the calculation flow chart of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 to Fig. 9 is the breadboardin test curve figure under the different conditions.
Figure 10 to Figure 12 is a different parameters estimation curve map.
Figure 13 and Figure 14 are the configuration diagram of two kinds of practical applications of first embodiment of the invention.
Figure 15 is the configuration diagram of second embodiment of the invention.
Figure 16 is the calculation flow chart of second embodiment of the invention.
Figure 17 is the power and the time chart of vehicle driving pattern.
Figure 18 be lay respectively at 2%, 4%, 6%, with the residual electric weight estimated value of battery and the actual value comparison diagram of 8% depth of discharge.
The reference numeral explanation
10,10A-battery cycle life estimating apparatus
1-measures the unit
The 2-observer unit
3-adaptability parameter unit
Voltage estimation unit in the 4-
5-open-circuit voltage estimation unit
51-first converting unit
6-battery cycle life computing unit
61-converting unit (second converting unit)
The residual electric weight estimator of 7-battery
The 8-battery
L1～L9-curve
La-virtual voltage curve
Le-estimates voltage curve
Embodiment
Be described as realizing employed technological means of the object of the invention and effect hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing, and only be aid illustration, be beneficial to understanding of the present invention, but the technological means of this case is not limited to cited embodiment below in conjunction with the cited embodiment of accompanying drawing.
See also configuration diagram of the present invention shown in Figure 1, this battery cycle life estimating apparatus 10, comprise one and measure unit 1, an observer unit 2,3, one interior voltage estimation unit 4, an adaptability parameter unit, an open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5, a battery cycle life computing unit 6 and the residual electric weight estimator 7 of a battery, this measurement unit 1 is connected in the output terminal of a battery 8; About this battery 8, see also this battery model Organization Chart shown in Figure 2, the meaning of its each systematic parameter representative is as follows:
V
OC: battery open circuit voltage, by the residual charge value of residual electric weight estimator 7 these batteries of estimation of this battery, converting according to a battery open circuit voltage and the residual electric weight relation data of battery data draws again; About this battery open circuit voltage and the residual electric weight relation data of battery data, see also the battery open circuit voltage and the depth of discharge graph of relation example of certain particular battery shown in Figure 3, mandatory declaration be, according to the battery variety difference, shown curve also can be different, Fig. 3 shows that this battery is in normal temperature, representative curve L1, L2, the L3 of 25 degree Celsius, Celsius 38 when spending, these three curve L1, L2, L3 roughly overlap, because the pass of residual electric weight of battery and depth of discharge is the residual electric weight of battery=1-depth of discharge, therefore can draw the residual electric weight of battery;
V
Batt: battery operated voltage is to be measured by this measurement unit 1 to draw;
I
Batt: battery operated electric current is to draw by measuring unit 1 measurement;
V
C: RC parallel circuit voltage is to be drawn by voltage estimation unit 4 estimations in this;
R
S, R
T, C
T: the battery parameter of these battery cycle life estimating apparatus 10 main estimations;
See also shown in Figure 1, operating voltage, working current and the working temperature of this measurement unit 1 in order to measure this battery 8, and export one and measure current signal I, and measure a voltage signal V and a measuring temperature signal T, this measurement current signal I and measurement voltage signal V are sent to this observer unit 2, this adaptability parameter unit 3, voltage is estimated unit 4 and the residual charge value estimation of this battery unit 7 in this, and this measuring temperature signal T is sent to this battery cycle life computing unit 6 and carries out the calculating of battery cycle life value.
This observer unit 2 measures unit 1 with this and electrically connects, voltage (that is shown in Figure 2 be somebody's turn to do of this observer unit 2 in order to observe these battery 8 output terminals
) and the voltage of the RC parallel circuit of this battery 8 (that is shown in Figure 2 should
), this observer unit 2 utilizes the single order differential equation of state of this battery 8 to carry out voltage observation, receive this measurement current signal I and the measurement voltage signal V that measures unit 1 output by this by this observer unit 2, and the undated parameter value signal P that exported of this adaptability parameter unit 3, and the battery open circuit voltage signal V1 that exported of this open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5, calculate and export a battery output end voltage error amount signal V_err, battery output end voltage estimation signal V_est and a current differential signal dI/dt according to this.
This adaptability parameter unit 3 measures unit 1 with this and electrically connects, this adaptability parameter unit 3 is in order to observe and to estimate this measurement current signal I of this measurement unit 1 output and measure voltage signal V, and this open-circuit voltage is estimated the battery open circuit voltage signal V1 that unit 5 is exported, this battery output end voltage error amount signal V_err that this observer unit 2 is exported, battery output end voltage estimation signal V_est and current differential signal dI/dt, and should estimate the interior resistive voltage estimated value signal V_est1 that unit 4 is exported by interior voltage, so that this battery 8 is carried out parameter value (this parameters R for example shown in Figure 2
S, R
T, C
T) upgrade, and exporting at least one undated parameter value signal P, this undated parameter value signal P is sent to this interior voltage estimation unit 4 and estimates, and is sent to this battery cycle life computing unit 6 counting cell cycle life values.
Should estimate unit 4 and this measurement unit 1 by interior voltage, observer unit 2 and adaptability parameter unit 3 electrically connect, should receive this measurement current signal I of this measurement unit 1 output and measure voltage signal V in interior voltage estimation unit 4, and this open-circuit voltage is estimated the battery open circuit voltage signal V1 that unit 5 is exported, and the undated parameter value signal P that exported of this adaptability parameter unit 3, estimate in order to interior voltage the RC parallel circuit (being shown in Fig. 2) of this battery 8, in order to improve the parameter convergence speed and the accuracy of RC parallel circuit, utilize the resistance in series parameters R of this battery 8
S(being shown in Fig. 2) is to the high responsive quick convergence property that forms of differential current, can carry out the interior voltage estimation of RC parallel circuit, when resistance in series restrains, voltage estimation result will be consistent with actual value in it, therefore can be in order to compare with estimated value, and then the parameter convergence of acceleration RC parallel circuit, again by resistive voltage estimated value signal V_est1 in 4 outputs one of voltage estimation unit in this, and should interior resistive voltage estimated value signal V_est1 be sent to this adaptability parameter unit 3 and carry out the parameter correction.
This open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5 electrically connects with this observer unit 2, this open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5 is according to a battery open circuit voltage and the residual electric weight relation data of battery data (this battery open circuit voltage for example shown in Figure 3 and depth of discharge graph of relation example), and the residual charge value of battery estimated of the residual electric weight of this battery estimation unit 7, calculate the static open-circuit voltage V of this battery 8
OC(being shown in Fig. 2), and export this battery open circuit voltage signal V1, this battery open circuit voltage signal V1 is sent to this observer unit 2, this adaptability parameter unit 3 and should calculates in the interior voltage estimation unit 4.
This battery cycle life computing unit 6 measures unit 1, observer unit 2 and adaptability parameter unit 3 with this and electrically connects, this battery cycle life computing unit 6 is according to this measuring temperature signal T, the undated parameter value signal P that this adaptability parameter unit 3 is exported that receive this measurement unit 1 output, and a battery cycle life and an interior resistance change relation data data, calculate the cycle life value of this battery 8, and export a battery cycle life value signal; See also a kind of battery cycle life shown in Figure 4 and interior resistance change relation data data example, wherein, this curve L4, L5, L6 represent the different relationship change states when Celsius 45,35,25 spend respectively, according to this curvilinear motion, can extrapolate the cycle life value of this battery 8.In addition, this battery cycle life computing unit 6 connects a converting unit 61, this converting unit 61 is in order to carry out unit conversion or analog digital conversion to this battery cycle life value signal, this converting unit 61 can connect a battery management system or display device, in order to show this battery cycle life value signal after this conversion.
The residual electric weight estimator 7 of this battery measures unit 1, open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5 and battery cycle life computing unit 6 with this and electrically connects, the residual electric weight estimator 7 of this battery is in order to estimating the residual charge value of this battery 8, and the residual charge value of the battery of being estimated is sent to this open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5 carries out open-circuit voltage and calculate.
Framework and effect thereof according to this battery cycle life estimating apparatus 10 of the present invention shown in Figure 1, and this battery model framework of Fig. 2, the flow process that can summarize counting cell cycle life of the present invention as shown in Figure 5, in addition, the parameter convergence of this battery cycle life estimating apparatus 10 of the present invention can utilize the following relationship formula to confirm:
Wherein, this δ small value of establishing in being.
According to the device and method of the battery cycle life the estimated susceptibility parameter that the invention described above proposed as can be known, the present invention adopts adaptability rule (adaptive algorithm), operating voltage via the input battery, working current value estimates the battery internal resistance value closely bound up with cycle life, this battery internal resistance value is when battery is static, can read by the internal resistance meter, but when dynamic, but be one with temperature, the parameter that battery status etc. change, the present invention is based on the control method of this adaptability rule, and the estimating apparatus estimation of setting up entity is moving/interior resistance value under static.The greatest feature that resistance estimated in the application adaptability rule was carried out is: utilize instantaneous operating voltage and magnitude of current measured value under having now dynamically, adaptability observer (that is this observer unit 2 shown in Figure 1) can estimate voluntarily and revise to correct interior resistance parameter, as shown in Figure 1, this measures operating voltage and working current that unit 1 measures this battery 8, this adaptability parameter unit 3 that input is set up with the adaptability rule, this adaptability parameter unit 3 has defined convergence condition for the core of control method, and carry out the filtering and the normalization process of measuring value by this observer unit 2, and the purpose of this open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5 is to quicken the transient voltage value that parameter convergence calculated of battery equivalent electrical circuit, to observe circuit and estimation circuit pass this adaptability parameter unit 3 back, but owing in this observer unit 2 and this adaptability parameter unit 3, must obtain open-circuit voltage (Open Circuit Voltage, OCV) measuring value, therefore utilize and set up function or lookup table mode (OC Voltage Lookup table, this battery open circuit transformation and depth of discharge relation curve example as shown in Figure 3), according to the residual charge value of these battery 8 correspondences in the hope of open-circuit voltage and variable quantity thereof, at last, if observation circuit and estimation circuit fiducial value meet the condition of convergence, then this value is susceptibility parameter (resistance for example), with this value control cell cycle life and interior resistance change relation data data (curve example as shown in Figure 4), can draw cycle life.
About the attainable effect of the present invention, can be via Fig. 6 to Fig. 9, and Figure 10 to Figure 12 is verified, wherein, Fig. 6 represents the operating voltage curve, and Fig. 7 represents the battery current curve, Fig. 8 represents operating voltage error estimation curve, Fig. 9 represents capacitance voltage estimation curve, and the curve L7 of Fig. 9 represents voltage estimation curve in the observer, the interior resistance R that on behalf of adaptability parameter unit 3, curve L8 estimate
SThe anti-interior voltage curve that pushes away, curve L9 represents the virtual voltage curve, Figure 10 represents the resistance in series parameters R
SEstimation, Figure 11 represents resistance parameter R
TEstimation, Figure 12 represents capacitance parameter CT estimation, curve La represents the actual parameter curve, curve Le representative estimation parametric line, the present invention is carried out the breadboardin test, its result such as Fig. 6 are to shown in Figure 9, wherein, the input voltage of Figure 6 and Figure 7 is the very violent dynamic waveform of a change, but after using through the control method of adaptability rule of the present invention, the speed of its error convergence is quite fast, as shown in Figure 8, estimation can be finished error convergence within 20 seconds, simultaneously, can accurately dope the susceptibility parameter result who quite coincide with expected results, extremely shown in Figure 12 as Fig. 9 and Figure 10, its error control is in 10%, by Fig. 9 and can be observed the effect that the present invention revises voluntarily.
See also the configuration diagram of Figure 13 and practical application of the present invention shown in Figure 14, as shown in figure 13, this battery cycle life estimating apparatus of the present invention can pass through control area network (CAN-bus, ControllerArea Network) carries out the signal transmission with battery management system (BMS), spread out of operational voltage value V and the working current value I that is measured via battery management system, this battery cycle life estimating apparatus of the present invention carries out the estimation of cycle life susceptibility parameter (resistance value for example) and calculates, and output cycle life value (SOH) is passed battery management system again back provides the driver reference; In addition, as shown in figure 14, this battery cycle life estimating apparatus of the present invention also can carry out being connected of signal and transmission with other battery safety devices, susceptibility parameter (resistance value for example) by this battery cycle life estimating apparatus estimation of the present invention can provide security arrangement to carry out judgement of inside battery abnormal signal and control, to promote battery security.
The embodiment framework of this battery cycle life estimating apparatus 10 that Fig. 1 disclosed, it is to measure unit 1 by one, one observer unit 2, one adaptability parameter unit 3, voltage estimation unit 4 in one, one open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5, the residual electric weight estimator 7 of one a battery cycle life computing unit 6 and a battery constitutes, this framework and the calculation process that utilizes this framework to carry out, mainly be the outside residual electric weight of battery that provides is provided and carries out the open-circuit voltage estimation, carry out the estimation of battery health degree for observer and adaptability parameter method, based on above-mentioned framework, the present invention can derive another embodiment framework and calculation process.
At first see also the configuration diagram of second embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 15, this battery cycle life estimating apparatus 10A comprises one and measures unit 1, one observer unit 2, one adaptability parameter unit 3, an one open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5 and a battery cycle life computing unit 6, this measurement unit 1 is connected in the output terminal of battery 8, this open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5 connects one first converting unit 51, this battery cycle life computing unit 6 connects one second converting unit 61, the measurement unit 1 that present embodiment adopted, observer unit 2, adaptability parameter unit 3, open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5, the battery cycle life computing unit 6 and second converting unit 61, the measurement unit 1 that is adopted with Fig. 1, observer unit 2, adaptability parameter unit 3, open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5, battery cycle life computing unit 6 and converting unit 61 are identical, the difference of present embodiment and Fig. 1 embodiment is, present embodiment has omitted interior voltage estimation unit 4 and the residual electric weight estimator 7 of battery that Fig. 1 adopted, and open-circuit voltage is estimated unit 5 connect one first converting unit 51, in other words, the framework of present embodiment is comparatively simplified, and therefore also can simplify the calculation process of battery cycle life and the residual electric weight of battery.
See also shown in Figure 15, operating voltage, working current and the working temperature of this measurement unit 1 in order to measure this battery 8, and export one and measure current signal I, and measure a voltage signal V and a measuring temperature signal T, this measurement current signal I and measurement voltage signal V are sent to this observer unit 2, this adaptability parameter unit 3, this measuring temperature signal T is sent to this open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5 and battery cycle life computing unit 6 simultaneously, carries out residual electric weight of battery and battery cycle life value respectively and calculates.
This observer unit 2 measures unit 1 with this and electrically connects, this observer unit 2 is in order to the voltage of the RC parallel circuit of the voltage of the output terminal of observing this battery 8 and this battery 8, this observer unit 2 utilizes the single order differential equation of state of this battery 8 to carry out voltage observation, receive this measurement current signal I and the measurement voltage signal V that measures unit 1 output by this by this observer unit 2, and the undated parameter value signal P that exported of this adaptability parameter unit 3, calculate and export a battery terminal voltage estimated value signal V_est and a current differential signal dI/dt according to this.
This adaptability parameter unit 3 measures unit 1 with this and electrically connects, this adaptability parameter unit 3 is in order to observe and to estimate this measurement current signal I of this measurement unit 1 output and measure voltage signal V, and this observer unit 2 the battery terminal voltage estimated value signal V_est and the current differential signal dI/dt that are exported, upgrade this battery 8 is carried out parameter value, and export at least one undated parameter value signal P, this undated parameter value signal P is sent to this observer unit 2, and this open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5 and battery cycle life computing unit 6, so that being provided, open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5 and battery cycle life computing unit 6 carry out residual electric weight of battery and the calculating of battery cycle life value respectively.
This open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5 measures unit 1, observer unit 2 and adaptability parameter unit 3 with this and electrically connects, this open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5 measures this measuring temperature signal T of unit 1 output according to this, and the undated parameter value signal P that exported of this adaptability parameter unit 3, calculate a battery open circuit voltage signal.This open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5 connects this first converting unit 51, this first converting unit 51 is in order to carry out unit conversion or analog digital conversion to this battery open circuit voltage signal, and via a bist data table look-up (as shown in Figure 3) obtain the corresponding residual electric weight signal of battery, this first converting unit 51 can connect a battery management system or display device, in order to show the residual electric weight signal of this battery.
This battery cycle life computing unit 6 measures unit 1 with this and open-circuit voltage estimation unit 5 electrically connects, this battery cycle life computing unit 6 is according to this measuring temperature signal T, the undated parameter value signal P that this adaptability parameter unit 3 is exported that receive this measurement unit 1 output, and as shown in Figure 4 a battery cycle life and an interior resistance change relation data data, calculate the cycle life value of this battery 8, and export a battery cycle life value signal.This battery cycle life computing unit 6 connects this second converting unit 61, carry out unit conversion or analog digital conversion by 61 pairs of these battery cycle life value signals of this converting unit, this converting unit 61 can connect a battery management system or display device, in order to show this battery cycle life value signal after this conversion.
According to framework and the effect thereof of this battery cycle life estimating apparatus 10A shown in Figure 15, and this battery model framework of Fig. 2, the flow process that can summarize this battery cycle life estimating apparatus 10A counting cell cycle life as shown in figure 16.
Second embodiment framework shown in Figure 15 and the first embodiment framework shown in Figure 1 are contrasted as can be known mutually, the difference of second embodiment and first embodiment is, second embodiment has omitted interior voltage estimation unit 4 and the residual electric weight estimator 7 of battery that first embodiment is adopted, open-circuit voltage is estimated unit 5 connect one first converting unit 51, the framework of second embodiment is comparatively simplified, therefore also can simplify the calculation process of battery cycle life and the residual electric weight of battery, the residual electric weight of the battery that first embodiment utilizes the outside to provide and carry out open-circuit voltage estimation, carry out the estimation of battery health degree for observer and adaptability parameter method, second embodiment is considered as one of battery parameter with open-circuit voltage, and carry out the open-circuit voltage estimation in the adaptability parameter method, tabling look-up via bist data then obtains the corresponding residual charge value of battery.
Be the accuracy that the open-circuit voltage of confirming this battery cycle life estimating apparatus 10A framework of Figure 15 and this calculation process of Figure 16 is estimated, can following experimental technique checking.
Suppose that this battery cycle life estimating apparatus 10A is applied to electric motor car, and the residual electric weight estimation of this battery is to estimate when driving, carry out the driving of one-period with U.S. FTP-75 (Federal Test Procedure is called for short FTP) standard driving pattern, the required power that provides of Vehicular battery group that adopts 70V is shown in the power and time chart of this vehicle driving pattern of Figure 17, with powered vehicle, negative value then is considered as the electric energy of braking and recharging on the occasion of representative discharge.
The open-circuit voltage and corresponding estimation depth of discharge (Discharge ofdepth estimated in this driving pattern, DOD=100%-SOC) shown in this thick dotted line among Figure 18, having under the depth of discharge of identical estimation among the figure and repeat a little, is because charging causes with estimation error under the discharge scenario.And true open-circuit voltage is with battery have a rest after with low current discharge 2%DOD 30 minutes resultant (voltage can up rebound), four circulations of this Therapy lasted, therefore can obtain 2%, 4%, 6%, with open-circuit voltage values and the change in voltage in the discharge process after 8% discharge, as Figure 18 lay respectively at 2%, 4%, 6%, and the residual electric weight estimated value of battery and the fine line in the actual value comparison diagram of 8% depth of discharge shown in.This open-circuit voltage of 4 estimation result relatively, this open-circuit voltage estimation error is less than 1%DOD as can be known, i.e. and on behalf of second embodiment of the invention, the residual electric weight estimation error of 1% battery not only have exploitativeness and accuracy is high.In sum, battery cycle life estimating apparatus provided by the invention, its applied adaptability observation technology is dynamic estimating and measuring method, also can utilize battery operated parameter signal directly to carry out counting cell parameter and estimation, and have sustainable monitoring.For battery parameter, carry out comprehensive estimation such as interior resistance, capacitance parameter and open-circuit voltage, high and direct for cycle life estimation accuracy more than existing method.
Applicability of the present invention is wide, can be applicable to various kenel battery systems (comprising plumbic acid, ni-mh and lithium ion battery) and does not need complicated circuit or firmware adjustment to set.
The present invention utilizes the system stability rule to design, and does not need with battery system experience and study, can guarantee that therefore the fiduciary level of cycle life estimation and property rely degree.
The present invention has the effect of the residual electric weight of estimation battery, therefore can strengthen into residual electric weight of battery and the cycle life possibility height of estimation synchronously.
The above is embodiments of the invention only, and can not limit the scope that the present invention is implemented with this.Promptly the equalization of doing according to claim of the present invention changes and modifies, and all should belong in the scope that patent of the present invention contains.
Claims (26)
1. battery cycle life estimating apparatus comprises:
One measures the unit, is connected with a battery output terminal, in order to operating voltage, working current and the working temperature that measures this battery, and exports a measurement current signal, a measurement voltage signal and a measuring temperature signal;
One observer unit, measuring the unit with this electrically connects, this observer unit is in order to the voltage of the RC parallel circuit of the voltage of observing this battery output terminal and this battery, and exports a voltage estimated value signal and a current differential signal in the RC of a battery output end voltage error amount signal, a battery;
One adaptability parameter unit measures the unit with this and electrically connects, and this adaptability parameter unit upgrades in order to this battery is carried out parameter value, and exports at least one undated parameter value signal;
Voltage estimation unit measures unit, observer unit and adaptability parameter unit with this and electrically connects in one, and voltage estimation unit is estimated in order to the interior voltage to the RC parallel circuit of this battery in this, and exports resistive voltage estimated value signal in;
One open-circuit voltage estimation unit electrically connects with this observer unit, and this open-circuit voltage estimation unit is in order to calculating the static open-circuit voltage of this battery, and exports a battery open circuit voltage signal;
One battery cycle life computing unit measures unit, observer unit and adaptability parameter unit with this and electrically connects, and this battery cycle life computing unit is in order to calculating this battery cycle life value, and exports a battery cycle life value signal; And
The residual electric weight estimator of one battery measures unit, open-circuit voltage estimation unit and battery cycle life computing unit with this and electrically connects, and the residual electric weight estimator of this battery is in order to the residual charge value of estimation battery.
2. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein this measurement current signal and measurement voltage signal are sent to this observer unit, this adaptability parameter unit and should carry out the residual charge value estimation of battery in interior voltage estimation unit, and this measuring temperature signal is sent to this battery cycle life computing unit and carries out the calculating of battery cycle life value.
3. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein this observer unit utilizes the single order differential equation of state of this battery to carry out voltage observation.
4. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein this observer unit receives this measurement current signal, this measurement voltage signal, this undated parameter value signal and this battery open circuit voltage signal, calculates this battery output end voltage error amount signal, battery output end voltage estimation signal and a current differential signal according to this.
5. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the interior voltage estimated value signal of RC, this current differential signal of this measurement current signal, this measurement voltage signal, this battery open circuit voltage signal, this battery output end voltage error amount signal, this battery observed and estimated in this adaptability parameter unit, upgrades to carry out parameter value.
6. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the undated parameter value signal exported of this adaptability parameter unit is sent in this voltage estimation unit and estimates, and is sent to this battery cycle life computing unit counting cell cycle life value.
7. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein should receive this measurement current signal, this measurement voltage signal, this battery open circuit voltage signal and this undated parameter value signal in interior voltage estimation unit, should in a series connection resistance parameter signal of this battery of voltage estimation unit by using the RC parallel circuit of this battery is carried out in the voltage estimation, and the interior magnitude of voltage that will estimate with actual in magnitude of voltage compare, with the parameter convergence of the RC parallel circuit that quickens this battery.
8. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, the interior resistive voltage estimated value signal that voltage estimation unit is exported in wherein being somebody's turn to do is sent to this adaptability parameter unit and carries out the parameter correction.
9. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein this open-circuit voltage estimation unit is according to a battery open circuit voltage and the residual electric weight relation data of battery data, and the residual charge value of battery estimated of the residual electric weight of this battery estimation unit, calculate this battery open circuit voltage signal.
10. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the battery open circuit voltage signal exported of this open-circuit voltage estimation unit be sent to this observer unit, this adaptability parameter unit and should in voltage estimation unit calculate.
11. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein this battery cycle life computing unit is according to this measuring temperature signal, this undated parameter value signal, and a battery cycle life and an interior resistance change relation data data, calculate this battery cycle life value.
12. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein this battery cycle life computing unit connects a converting unit, and this converting unit is in order to carry out unit conversion or analog digital conversion to this battery cycle life value signal.
13. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein this converting unit connects a battery management system or display device, in order to show this battery cycle life value signal after this conversion.
14. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the residual charge value of battery estimated of the residual electric weight estimator of this battery is sent to this open-circuit voltage estimation unit and carries out open-circuit voltage and calculate.
15. a battery cycle life estimating apparatus comprises:
One measures the unit, is connected with a battery output terminal, in order to operating voltage, working current and the working temperature that measures this battery, and exports a measurement current signal, a measurement voltage signal and a measuring temperature signal;
One observer unit measures unit with this and electrically connects, and this observer unit is in order to the voltage of the RC parallel circuit of the voltage of observing this battery output terminal and this battery, and exports a voltage estimated value signal and a current differential signal in the RC of a battery;
One adaptability parameter unit measures the unit with this and electrically connects, and this adaptability parameter unit upgrades in order to this battery is carried out parameter value, and exports at least one undated parameter value signal;
One open-circuit voltage estimation unit measures unit, observer unit and adaptability parameter unit with this and electrically connects, and this open-circuit voltage estimation unit is in order to calculating the static open-circuit voltage of this battery, and exports a battery open circuit voltage signal; And
One battery cycle life computing unit measures unit with this and open-circuit voltage estimation unit electrically connects, and this battery cycle life computing unit is in order to calculating this battery cycle life value, and exports a battery cycle life value signal.
16. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 15, this measurement current signal and measure that voltage signal is sent to this observer unit and this adaptability parameter unit carries out the residual charge value estimation of battery wherein, this measuring temperature signal are sent to this battery cycle life computing unit to carry out the battery cycle life value and calculates.
17. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 15, wherein this observer unit utilizes the single order differential equation of state of this battery to carry out voltage observation.
18. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 15, wherein this observer unit receives this measurement current signal, this measurement voltage signal and this undated parameter value signal, calculates this battery output end voltage estimation signal and current differential signal according to this.
19. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 15, wherein this adaptability parameter unit is observed and is estimated this measurement current signal, this measurement voltage signal, this battery output end voltage estimation signal and this current differential signal, upgrades to carry out parameter value.
20. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 15, wherein the undated parameter value signal exported of this adaptability parameter unit is sent to this observer unit, this open-circuit voltage estimation unit and battery cycle life computing unit, to provide this open-circuit voltage estimation unit and the battery cycle life computing unit carries out the residual electric weight of battery respectively and the battery cycle life value is calculated.
21. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 15, wherein this open-circuit voltage estimation unit measures this measuring temperature signal of unit output according to this, and the undated parameter value signal exported of this adaptability parameter unit, calculate a battery open circuit voltage signal.
22. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 15, wherein this open-circuit voltage estimation unit connects one first converting unit, this first converting unit is in order to carrying out the conversion of unit conversion or analog digital to this battery open circuit voltage signal, and tables look-up via a bist data and to obtain the corresponding residual electric weight signal of battery.
23. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 22, wherein this first converting unit connects a battery management system or display device, in order to show the residual electric weight signal of this battery.
24. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 15, wherein this battery cycle life computing unit is according to this measuring temperature signal, this undated parameter value signal, and a battery cycle life and an interior resistance change relation data data, calculate this battery cycle life value.
25. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 15, wherein this battery cycle life computing unit connects one second converting unit, and this second converting unit is in order to carry out unit conversion or analog digital conversion to this battery cycle life value signal.
26. battery cycle life estimating apparatus as claimed in claim 25, wherein this converting unit connects a battery management system or display device, in order to show this battery cycle life value signal after this conversion.
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