CN102132760B - Method for preparing pig plasma protein powder with low ash content - Google Patents
Method for preparing pig plasma protein powder with low ash content Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a plasma protein concentrating and drying technology, in particular to a method for preparing pig plasma protein powder with low ash content. In the invention, waste, namely pig blood left after pigs are killed is used as a raw material, and novel plasma protein powder is prepared by centrifugal separation, ultrafiltration concentration and spray drying technologies. The plasma protein powder prepared by using the method has low ash content, low volatile basic nitrogen content, high immune globulin content, high digestion rate, good solubility, good palatability, high safety, balance nutrients and remarkable effects for promoting weaned pigs to grow, and can be used as a supplement source of feed protein. Through the effective utilization on the pig blood, not only the waste is turned into a valuable thing and benefits are brought to the society, but also the environments can be protected and the current green development tendency is met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of concentrated and dry technology of plasma protein, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of low-ash SDPP.
Background technology
The annual protein feeds supply demand gap of China is larger.Simultaneously China butchers the blood that livestock and poultry produce every year and reaches 2,600,000 tons, can be for making the pure blood powder more than 500,000 tons.This abundant animal blood resource is mostly thrown away as discarded object.Not only cause the serious waste of resource, and cause river, the environmental pollution of underground water ammonia nitrogen.Therefore, exploitation animal blood plasma albumen powder had both solved problem of environmental pollution, can increase again source and the output of protein feeds, and can produce huge economic benefit, and it is significant.
Domestic do not have an on top of production technology of spray-drying SDPP, processing to blood plasma belongs to the whole blood drying, there is larger auxotrophy, and in collecting, raw material adds a large amount of anti-coagulants for anti-hemostasis-coagulation, cause the content of ashes of SDPP high, and protein content is low, and dissolubility is bad, and oeverall quality is not high.While is owing to employing boiling in the concentration process is concentrated, and high temperature causes the digestibility of product poor to amino acid whose destruction in dry run.Simultaneously boiling operation also causes the amino acid Compositional balance poor, blood meal crude protein content and amino acid weight are all high, especially take high-lysine as main feature, but principal body leucine and isoleucine are out of proportion, cause the actual nutritive value of traditional mode of production boiling blood meal out very low.Abroad blood has been opened up and be the products such as spray-drying blood meal, spray-drying SDPP.The SDPP that finds out by drying process with atomizing contains good protein, good palatability, digestibility is high, crude protein content can be up to 70%～80%, and amino acid is complete, especially take lysine as outstanding, also contain native immunoglobulin, can effectively prevent the enteric infection of weanling, reduce immunostimulation, be effective protein feeds.But still exist VBN (TVBN) value higher, and the deficiency of solubility relatively low (90%).Look into index from lifes such as the digestibility of plasma protein powder product and temperature, process technology is more advanced, the SDPP quality of producing is just better, therefore be badly in need of developing better plasma protein powder preparation technique, improve crude protein content and the amino acid Compositional balance of product, and reduce VBN (TVBN) value.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to improve the production technology of SDPP, a kind of low ash content is provided, low volatility alkali nitrogen, high immunoglobulinlg, high digestibility, dissolubility is good, good palatability, safe SDPP is originated as forage protein, improve sucking pig immunity, and more balanced nutrition is provided.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is to collect the fresh pig whole blood, the refrigeration airtight transportation, sieve, centrifugal separation plasma and blood cell, blood plasma is stored refrigerated, ultrafiltration concentration blood plasma, spray-dried again, the rear aseptic packaging of sieving makes low-ash SDPP.
Specifically, described SDPP is by collecting the fresh pig whole blood, process through anti-coagulants, the refrigeration airtight transportation, sieve, centrifugal separation plasma and blood cell, behind physics deoxidation treatment and the decolorizing with activated carbon, that the blood plasma suction filtration is stored refrigerated, ultrafiltration concentration blood plasma, spray-dried again, the rear aseptic packaging of sieving makes low-ash SDPP; Finished product is unformed powder after dry, uniformity, and no-sundries, without block, color is canescence, without putrid and deteriorated smell, its content of ashes≤6%, crude protein 〉=80%, immunoglobulin (Ig) 〉=18%, solubility 〉=96%, VBN＜250mg/kg; Salmonella, CSFV, aftosa and PCV-II all do not detect;
Wherein in the anti-coagulants treatment step, employed anti-coagulants is a kind of in natrium citricum and the EDETATE SODIUM salt, and its concentration is 0.3%～1%, preferred 0.7%～1%; Add anti-hemolytic agent, concentration is 2.5%～5% again, preferred 4%～5%;
The Refrigerated Transport temperature is 4 ℃～6 ℃;
In the step of rear centrifugal separation plasma and blood cell of sieving, adopt high accuracy bucket formula centrifuge to separate, centrifugal force is 5000g～100000g, preferred 20000g～100000g; Centrifugation time is 5min～10min, preferred 7min～10min; 4 ℃～6 ℃ of blood plasma are stored refrigerated after separating;
Use the physics deoxidation mode of nitrogen bubble deoxidation in physics deoxidation treatment and the decolorizing with activated carbon step, the activated carbon that adds albumen weight 3-4% in the solution in the decolorizing with activated carbon step processing of decolouring;
The membrane module of used ultrafiltration apparatus is a kind of in tubular type, flat, rolling and the doughnut formula in the ultrafiltration concentration blood plasma, material is a kind of in polysulfones, acetate fiber and the polyamide, the milipore filter molecular cut off is 70000Da～100000Da, preferred 85000Da～100000Da; The ultrafiltration temperature is 30 ℃～60 ℃, preferred 45 ℃～60 ℃; Material liquid pH value is 7～10, and ultrafiltration pressure is 0.2MPa～0.3MPa, and the loop ultrafiltration time is 30min～1h, and the material loading amount is 100L～5000L, preferred 2500L～5000L;
The used spray drying tower of spray-drying step is vertical tower, atomizing type is a kind of in centrifugal, pressure type and the pneumatic dryer, and EAT is 250 ℃～360 ℃, and leaving air temp is 90 ℃～110 ℃, maximum water evaporation quantity is 1kg/h～10kg/h, preferred 5kg/h～10kg/h; The atomizing disk maximum (top) speed is 1000r/min～40000r/min, preferred 2000r/min～40000r/min.
Above-mentioned SDPP, described raw material are the fresh whole bloods after health pig is butchered in the slaughterhouse every day, process through anti-freezing, behind the refrigeration airtight transportation, process immediately, guarantee that pig blood is fresh, not blood coagulation, not haemolysis.
Above-mentioned SDPP, the pipeline of described whole process is airtight, special-purpose blood pump material conveying liquid, dry finished product adopts aseptic packaging, processes the workshop with raw material and separates, and adopt the low temperature storage.
The SDPP that the technical program is produced, the raw material that adopts comes from the health pig whole blood in large slaughterhouse, and the refrigeration enclosed conveying prevents haemolysis, blood coagulation, has guaranteed the freshness of raw material, and its VBN is low.
In sum, the present invention has adopted advanced preparation method, and it compared with prior art has following outstanding advantage and positive effect:
1, the present invention has adopted high accuracy bucket formula centrifuge to separate when plasma separation, centrifugal force is 5000g～100000g, centrifugation time is 5min～10min, known in this field, the controlled condition of centrifugation and effect have very big difference, its main influence factor is exactly the size of centrifugal force, rotating speed and centrifugation time, the separation of blood plasma mainly is to separate with erythrocytic, the present invention adopts as above preferred operating procedure, so that plasma separation is complete, the maximum yield of the red blood cell that obtains is more than 93%, simultaneously in the blood plasma leucocyte and blood platelet to get content less, and between red blood cell precipitation and the blood plasma liquid level obvious tunica albuginea does not appear yet.
2, the present invention had adopted the physics deoxidation treatment of nitrogen bubble deoxidation before the ultrafiltration concentration step, and the activated carbon that adds albumen weight 3-4% in the solution processing of decolouring; Blood plasma color and luster after processing thus is greyish white, without the stench peculiar smell that waits.Wherein in the decolorizing with activated carbon step, the addition of activated carbon is the best of breed that screening obtains through orthogonal test, and bleaching time and bleaching temperature also are optimized selection, proves that best bleaching temperature is 40-50 ℃, and bleaching time is 25-30 minute.
3, (ultrafiltration) is key of the present invention by the membrane filtration isolation technics, and its concentrated blood plasma of can purifying is removed impurity composition simultaneously, raises the efficiency and can remove some inorganic salts materials and a large amount of moisture.The factor that affects the ultrafiltration effect is a lot, such as pressure, time, fenestra rank, material properties etc.In the present invention, adopted preferred ultrafiltration technology: the membrane module of used ultrafiltration apparatus is a kind of in tubular type, flat, rolling and the doughnut formula in the ultrafiltration concentration blood plasma, material is a kind of in polysulfones, acetate fiber and the polyamide, the milipore filter molecular cut off is 70000Da～100000Da, the ultrafiltration temperature is 30 ℃～60 ℃, and material liquid pH value is 7～10, and ultrafiltration pressure is 0.2MPa～0.3MPa, the loop ultrafiltration time is 30min～1h, and the material loading amount is 100L～5000L; Change concentration technology and can remove to the full extent the inorganic salts that affects SDPP character and improve membranous permeation rate, reduce the effect of concentration polarization, keep filtering velocity not reduce.
4, traditional drying process is boiling and drying, its shortcoming is the aforesaid nutrition that greatly reduces SDPP, the present invention adopts the spray-drying step, spray-drying can the rapid draing raw material, fire damage to albumen is little, and can reduce the pollution of process, and can kill multiple virus and bacterium.Spray-drying of the present invention has been selected specific process conditions: used spray drying tower is vertical tower, atomizing type is a kind of in centrifugal, pressure type and the pneumatic dryer, EAT is 250 ℃～360 ℃, leaving air temp is 90 ℃～110 ℃, maximum water evaporation quantity is 1kg/h～10kg/h, and the atomizing disk maximum (top) speed is 10000r/min～40000r/min.The pig plasma protein powder for preparing has thus obtained good combination property.
In sum, the high-purity separation machine of the technical program employing has realized that blood cell totally separates thoroughly with blood plasma, has guaranteed the organoleptic quality of blood plasma.The ultrafiltration recycle unit that the technical program adopts can see through most salinity and moisture, holds back the above albumen of little peptide, played the purpose of concentrating and desalinating, greatly reduce ash content and the moisture of finished product, improved protein content, and can play the effect that reduces energy consumption.The spray drying technology that the technical program adopts, the mist droplet that its high rotating speed forms has guaranteed abundant drying, the finished product uniformity; High accuracy has guaranteed material purity, free from admixture; Baking temperature control has guaranteed the activity of the immunoglobulin (Ig) in the product; The TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE that forms can be killed presumable pathogenic microorganism and virus in the raw material, has guaranteed the biological safety of product.In whole process, to produce in the pipeline of sealing and finish, each link is strictly separated, and has avoided secondary pollution.
The specific embodiment
Example 1
A kind of low-ash SDPP, raw material are the fresh healthy swine whole blood in slaughterhouse, the anti-coagulants natrium citricum, add the anti-haemolysis of sodium chloride, refrigeration enclosed conveying, the rear centrifugation of sieving, centrifugal force 80000g, centrifugation time 3min, 4 ℃～6 ℃ of blood plasma are stored refrigerated after separating.The ultrafiltration concentration desalination temperature is 20 ℃, and material liquid pH is 8, and ultrafiltration pressure is 0.12MPa, and the loop ultrafiltration time is 40min, material loading amount 2000L.The spray drying tower EAT is 230 ℃, 90 ℃ of leaving air temps.The plasma protein that makes is the unformed powder of canescence, uniformity, no-sundries, without putrid and deteriorated smell, its content of ashes 5.7%, moisture is 6.2%, crude protein is 80.7%, and immunoglobulin (Ig) is 18.3%, solubility 〉=96%, VBN＜250mg/kg, salmonella, CSFV, aftosa and PCV-II do not detect.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of a low-ash pig plasma protein powder, it is characterized in that: described SDPP is by collecting the fresh pig whole blood, process through anti-coagulants, the refrigeration airtight transportation, sieve, centrifugal separation plasma and blood cell, behind physics deoxidation treatment and the activated carbon decolorizing, that the blood plasma suction filtration is stored refrigerated, ultrafiltration concentration blood plasma, spray-dried again, the rear aseptic packaging of sieving makes low-ash SDPP; Finished product is unformed powder after dry, uniformity, and no-sundries, without block, color is canescence, without putrid and deteriorated smell, its content of ashes≤6%, crude protein 〉=80%, immunoglobulin (Ig) 〉=18%, solubility 〉=96%, VBN＜250mg/kg; Salmonella, CSFV, aftosa and PCV-II all do not detect;
Wherein in the anti-coagulants treatment step, employed anti-coagulants is a kind of in natrium citricum and the EDETATE SODIUM salt, and its concentration is 0.3%～1%, adds anti-hemolytic agent again, and concentration is 2.5% ~ 5%;
The Refrigerated Transport temperature is 4 ℃ ~ 6 ℃;
In the step of rear centrifugal separation plasma and blood cell of sieving, adopt high accuracy bucket formula centrifuge to separate, centrifugal force is 5000g ~ 100000g, and centrifugation time is 5min～10min, and 4 ℃ ~ 6 ℃ of blood plasma are stored refrigerated after separating;
Use the physics deoxidation mode of nitrogen bubble deoxidation in physics deoxidation treatment and the activated carbon decolorizing step, the active carbon that adds albumen weight 3-4% in the solution in the activated carbon decolorizing step processing of decolouring;
The membrane module of used ultrafiltration apparatus is a kind of in tubular type, flat, rolling and the doughnut formula in the ultrafiltration concentration blood plasma, material is a kind of in polysulfones, acetate fiber and the polyamide, the milipore filter molecular cut off is 70000Da～100000Da, the ultrafiltration temperature is 30 ℃ ~ 60 ℃, material liquid pH value is 7 ~ 10, ultrafiltration pressure is 0.2MPa ~ 0.3MPa, and the loop ultrafiltration time is 30min～1h, and the material loading amount is 100L ~ 5000L;
The used spray drying tower of spray-drying step is vertical tower, atomizing type is a kind of in centrifugal, pressure type and the pneumatic dryer, EAT is 250 ℃ ~ 360 ℃, leaving air temp is 90 ℃ ~ 110 ℃, maximum water evaporation quantity is 1kg/h ~ 10kg/h, and the atomizing disk maximum (top) speed is 1000r/min ~ 40000r/min;
The pipeline of whole process is airtight, and the rear employing aseptic packaging of sieving of special-purpose blood pump material conveying liquid, dry finished product is processed the workshop with raw material and separated;
Described SDPP, described raw material are the fresh whole bloods after health pig is butchered in the slaughterhouse every day, process through anti-freezing, behind the refrigeration airtight transportation, process immediately.
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102302175A (en) * | 2011-08-23 | 2012-01-04 | 安徽宝迪肉类食品有限公司 | Method for industrially preparing paste plasma |
| CN102599332B (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2014-07-30 | 上海杰隆生物制品股份有限公司 | Method for producing low-ash poultry plasma protein powder by poultry blood |
| CN102669411A (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2012-09-19 | 成都连接流体分离科技有限公司 | Novel production process of high-quality plasma protein powder |
| CN102964423A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-03-13 | 四川四海食品股份有限公司 | Purification process for producing hemoglobin peptides by using pig blood |
| CN103039693B (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2014-04-30 | 合肥工业大学 | Preparation method of modified livestock and poultry plasma protein powder |
| CN104256199A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-07 | 浙江索纳克生物科技有限公司 | Loach feed added with porcine hemoglobin powder |
| CN104351466A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-02-18 | 浙江索纳克生物科技有限公司 | Low-ash porcine hemoglobin decolorization method |
| CN107361197A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-21 | 天津市正江现代生物技术有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of deer blood plasma albumen powder |
| CN111374224A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-07 | 淮北恩彼饲料有限公司 | Preparation method of stable high immunoglobulin plasma protein powder |
| CN111871625A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-03 | 江苏永盛生物科技有限公司 | Preparation process and device of low-ash porcine plasma protein powder |
| CN114431419A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-05-06 | 郓城铸源生物科技有限公司 | Food raw material and preparation method thereof |
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