CN102129467A - Bus position notifying and monitoring system based on radio frequency identification (RFID) and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Bus position notifying and monitoring system based on radio frequency identification (RFID) and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bus position notifying and monitoring system based on radio frequency identification (RFID) and an implementation method thereof, relating to an implementation method of a bus position notifying and monitoring system based on an RFID technology under an IOT (Internet of Things) environment, and implementation of software and hardware of the system. The software and the hardware are organically combined to form the bus position notifying and monitoring system based on RFID under an IOT architecture. The bus position notifying and monitoring system based on RFID is composed of an active RFID tag of a bus, an intelligent terminal of a station, starting station and terminal station management terminal software, an Internet short message application server and a data server. The implementation method comprises the following steps: designing a system structure; designing and achieving a radio frequency tag; designing and achieving the hardware of the intelligent terminal of the station; designing the platform software of the intelligent terminal of the station; designing the application program of the intelligent terminal of the station; deploying the data server; deploying the Internet short message application server; designing the management terminal software; deploying the intelligent terminal of the station; and obtaining the empirical value of time when the bus arrives at the station.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates under a kind of environment of internet of things to inform implementation method with supervisory system based on the position of bus of RFID technology, and the software and hardware of this system is realized, both organically combine the position of bus based on RFID that constitutes under the Internet of Things framework and inform and the supervisory system system, belong to the crossing domain of Internet of Things and radio communication.
Background technology
The notion of Internet of Things proposed in 1999, its definition is very simple: all article are got up by information sensing equipment such as radio-frequency (RF) identification (RFID), infrared inductor, GPS, laser scanner and Internet connection, carry out message exchange and communication, realize intelligent identification, location, tracking, monitoring and management.Along with technology is constantly progressive, International Telecommunications Union (ITU) is formal abstract networking notion in 2005, and behind " the wisdom earth " active response that after Obama's inaugural in this year IBM is proposed, Internet of Things causes extensive concern once more.And China official also formally puts on agenda to the development of repeatedly proposing expression China Internet of Things of sensing net (another appellation of Internet of Things) in the recent period, also shows that the development of China's Internet of Things will accelerate simultaneously.
So-called " Internet of Things " (Internet of Things), refer to various information sensing equipment, combine and a huge network forming as all devices such as sensor node, radio-frequency (RF) identification (RFID) device, infrared inductor, GPS, laser scanner and internet.The Internet of Things framework should be by the api interface of safety, backbone network, can constitute by the device network that standard interface is linked into backbone network.
Internet of Things claims " sensing net " again, the computer networking technology that with the internet is representative is a great achievement of twentieth century computer science, and it has brought deep variation for our life, yet at present, network function is powerful again, network world is abundant again, also is virtual eventually, and the real world that it and we are lived still is separated by, in network world, be difficult to the perception real world, a lot of things still are impossible, and the epoch are being called new network technology.
RFID is born in during the Second World War, is the abbreviation of English Radio Frequency Identification technology, refers to utilize the less radio-frequency transmission technology to store the process of data and retrieve data, is a kind of of contactless automatic identification technology.The target of rfid system is to transmit data by suitable label, comes retrieve data with machine-readable method, satisfies special application demand in suitable time, place.
RFID is divided into low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), ultrahigh frequency (UHF), microwave (MW) by the difference of applying frequency, corresponding representative frequency is respectively: low frequency 135KHz is following, high frequency 13.56MHz, ultrahigh frequency 860M～960MHz, microwave 2.4G, 5.8G.
RFID is divided into passive RFID according to the supply mode of the energy, active RFID, and half active RFID.The passive RFID reading/writing distance is near, and price is low; Active RFID can provide farther reading/writing distance, but needs powered battery, and cost is higher, is applicable to the application scenario of remote read-write.
The element of RFID:
Label (Tag): be made up of coupling element and chip, each label has unique electronic code, attached to identifying destination object on the object;
Antenna (Antenna): between label and reader, transmit radiofrequency signal.
Reader (Reader): read the equipment of (can also write sometimes) label information, can be designed to hand-held or fixed;
The basic functional principle of RFID application system is after the RFID label enters the radio-frequency field of read write line, passive RFID tags receives the radiofrequency signal that read write line sends, rely on the energy that induction current obtained to send out the product information that is stored in the chip, active label then initiatively sends the signal of a certain frequency, and read write line carries out relevant data processing after receiving.
The present invention determines that by the rfid interrogator of networking the time of position of bus and arrival assigned address is predicted the bus arrival time under the framework of Internet of Things, provide bus information to the citizen that select bus trip.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters: the objective of the invention is to select bus when trip can't know that at the public transport platform inconvenience that when bus arrives and public transport company wish the demand that the bus travel conditions is monitored, and propose to inform and supervisory system and implementation method based on the position of bus of RFID (radio-frequency (RF) identification) under a kind of environment of internet of things at citizen.This system is by the website intelligent terminal, the RFID label, and office terminal software, internet note application server and data server are formed.This five major part cooperatively interacts to finish position of bus and travel conditions is monitored.Final purpose is to realize intellectuality, the public transport service system of hommization, thus improve the public transport image, attract more citizen to select public transport, make up the harmonious society of low-carbon (LC).
Technical scheme: inform with supervisory system based on the position of bus of RFID under a kind of environment of internet of things proposed by the invention and bus is carried out mark, be provided with in the bus station rfid interrogator, information integrated and show the intelligent terminal of LED dot matrix screen, GPRS wireless network module by active RFID label.Bus during by this website rfid interrogator read the bus RFID information of arriving at a station and add this bus inbound at this website, the departures time sends to data server by mobile GPRS network, deposits database after the data processing that data server sends over each terminal in and returns the information of arriving at a station of each road bus of each website and provide the estimated value of each website time of arrival by empirical value to each terminal.The internet short message gateway server is responsible for accepting user's message search request, returns Query Result with data server after mutual.Show the excess time that intelligent terminal will arrive our station in the present present position of bus (to which station) and the expectation of this website stop on LED dot matrix screen.The passenger who waits for bus can know which station the own bus that is waited has arrived at present, also has a few stops apart from our station by screen, according to arrive at a station excess time and other some informations etc. of empirical value estimation in the past.
System of the present invention is by the bus active RFID tag, and the website intelligent terminal starts/office terminal, terminus software, and internet note application server and data server five parts are formed:
1, the bus active RFID tag is the sign that is deployed on the bus, adopts active label to be here because the reliable communication of active label and read write line distance than far away many of passive label, can be communicated by letter with read write line under the traffic environment of complexity more reliably.
2, the website intelligent terminal is integrated rfid interrogator, information show LED dot matrix screen, GPRS wireless network module, the rfid interrogator read-write is arrived at a station and is stopped bus RFID label, LED dot matrix screen shows position of bus and other information, the GPRS wireless network module is realized terminal by between GPRS network and the server, and the radio communication between the intelligent terminal.
3, the function of office terminal software is to be convenient to daily management and the maintenance of administrative authoritys at different levels to system, provides day to day operation to support.
4, note application server in internet provides message search public transport position and has arrived the specified sites function of approximate time, the user can send the public bus network that will inquire about and website to the internet short message gateway server by SMS, and short message gateway server data query server provides the trip suggestion.
5, data server is responsible for storage, the processing of the every information data of bus, accepts the operations such as inquiry of intelligent terminal and internet short message gateway server.
Performing step of the present invention is as follows:
Step 1) design system architecture.The architecture of native system as shown in Figure 1.
Step 2) design of radio-frequency (RF) tag and realization.At the bus station circumstance complication, bus self can have a negative impact with communicating by letter of label to read write line.The RFID label that adopts in the native system uses active ultrahigh frequency (2.4GHz) RFID label.Should there be following content in the storer of RFID label: bus car plate, route name, train number, vehicle, driver information etc.
The hardware design and the realization of step 3) bus station intelligent terminal.The website intelligent terminal is the embedded system that an integrated rfid interrogator, information show modules such as LED dot matrix screen, GPRS wireless network.Intelligent terminal can select for use multi-functional SOC (system on a chip) (SOC) based on the ARM kernel as core processor, considers will realize multitask and to the support of wireless network, embedded OS is absolutely necessary.Therefore, when selecting SOC (system on a chip), to note its support situation to common embedded OS.Rfid interrogator module, LED dot matrix screen, GPRS wireless network module etc. are connected with SOC (system on a chip) (SOC) by the corresponding communication interface as system peripheral.
The platform software design of step 4) website intelligent terminal.At first will determine the embedded OS that adopts, mature and stable embedded OS has Windows CE, Linux, VxWorks etc. at present.Consider the cost problem that large tracts of land is promoted, native system adopts built-in Linux operating system.Built-in Linux will be transplanted on the hardware platform that designs in our step 3) then, programming apparatus drives.
The application programming of step 5) website intelligent terminal.The RFID label of the bus of passing by our station is read in the equally spaced trial of website intelligent terminal, notes the time that each time that enters read-write scope bus and last this bus of last time of successfully reading leave our station.Intelligent terminal will enter, and time and the some other information of leaving our station send to data server by GPRS network.Intelligent terminal also receives the information of advancing the our station vehicle of data server by GPRS network, be presented at after treatment on the LED dot matrix screen.Write application program according to above-mentioned flow process.
Step 6) is disposed data server.At first to select suitable servers and data base management system (DBMS) product according to demand.Carry out database design according to the platform of selecting again.
Step 7) is disposed internet note application server.Internet note application server is communicated by letter with the sms center in the mobile network by the internet short message gateway (ISMG) of operator, accepts user's query requests.Internet note application server generates the data server query requests according to request content after receiving query requests, send to data server again.The result that data server will be inquired about returns to internet note application server, and internet note application server generates the trip suggestion that returns to the user according to Query Result, sends to the user by ISMG again.To select the api interface of suitable servers product and ISMG to carry out the exploitation of application layer in this step, finish the function that the front is narrated.In addition, consult, determine the expenses standard that the user passes through message search and sends note to the user with operator's cooperation.
The design of step 8) office terminal software realizes.The realization of terminal software can have dual mode: B/S (browser/server), C/S (client/server).The B/S mode is to use the Web technology mode of every management function by Web to be realized departments at different levels only need can realize every bookkeeping by browser, and need not to install special client software.Adopt the B/S mode to need hypothesis Web server in addition, the bookkeeping of administrative authoritys at different levels is realized the operation of data server is realized by Web server.Client is utilized Socket communication and the VPN technologies realization visit to the data server under the C/S mode.
The deployment of step 9) website intelligent terminal.Intelligent terminal adopts the separate type external antenna to increase communication distance and reliability.The gain of antenna is selected according to the size of bus station, and the placement location of antenna and display screen will be considered in conjunction with concrete website information summary.
Obtaining of step 10) public transport arrival time empirical value.The website intelligent terminal is disposed, after finishing, debugging wants earlier test run through after a while, the bus that will test each road, each vehicle after the system stability work earlier enters the station several typical time periods of one day, time leaving from station, send to data server, the bus that server is added up these several typical case each road of time period, each vehicle travels to the required experience time of next website from a certain website, and is stored to corresponding list item.This empirical value will be added up renewal according to the time that obtains later on, to guarantee that as far as possible empirical value is more near actual value.
Beneficial effect: inform with supervisory system based on the position of bus of RFID under the environment of internet of things that the present invention proposes to have the following advantages:
(1) realized informing and monitoring of position of bus with respect to present existing position of bus apprizing system with lower cost, more provided and gone the public transport platform can inquire about the public transport arrival time by the mode of SMS before waiting for bus, and the function of the suggestion that can obtain to go on a journey, this greatly facilitates citizens' activities, also reduced the time of wasting on the bus waiting, particularly bigger in the hot summer meaning.
(2) the present invention also makes public transport company can monitor the ruuning situation of bus, learns whether bus has the station of slide, the violation situation of refusing to take passengers and other abnormal conditions.If the time leaving from station of bus and the time of entering the station are separated by and are lower than certain threshold value (being drawn by experience) then can think that this car in the carrying of not stopping of certain website, lets down passengers.
(3) the present invention also can be used as the day-to-day operation of public transport company, the automated system of maintenance.Can reduce the operation cost of public transport company greatly.
(4) the present invention can improve civic bus trip experience greatly after large tracts of land was promoted, and promoted the public transport image, also can reach energy-saving and emission-reduction, made up the purpose of low-carbon (LC) harmonious society.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system assumption diagram of the present invention, has shown architecture of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of feasible system implementation synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention has realized that a kind of low-cost position of bus informs and supervisory system, and system is by the website intelligent terminal, the RFID label, and office terminal software, internet note application server and data server are formed.The embodiment of system at first will design and realize these five subsystems.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in detail.Should be clear and definite, following content only is used for describing the present invention and not as limitation of the present invention.
1, the bus active RFID tag is the sign that is deployed on the bus, adopts active label to be here because the reliable communication of active label and read write line distance than far away many of passive label, can be communicated by letter with read write line under the traffic environment of complexity more reliably.
2, the website intelligent terminal is integrated rfid interrogator, information show LED dot matrix screen, GPRS wireless network module, the rfid interrogator read-write is arrived at a station and is stopped bus RFID label, LED dot matrix screen shows position of bus and other information, the GPRS wireless network module is realized terminal by between GPRS network and the server, and the radio communication between the intelligent terminal.
3, the function of office terminal software is to be convenient to daily management and the maintenance of administrative authoritys at different levels to system, provides day to day operation to support.
4, note application server in internet provides message search public transport position and has arrived the specified sites function of approximate time, the user can send the public bus network that will inquire about and website to the internet short message gateway server by SMS, and short message gateway server data query server provides the trip suggestion.
5, data server is responsible for storage, the processing of the every information data of bus, accepts the operations such as inquiry of intelligent terminal and internet short message gateway server.
Performing step of the present invention is as follows:
Step 1) design system architecture.The architecture of native system as shown in Figure 1.
Step 2) design of radio-frequency (RF) tag and realization.At the bus station circumstance complication, bus self can have a negative impact with communicating by letter of label to read write line.The RFID label that adopts in the native system uses active ultrahigh frequency (2.4GHz) RFID label.Should there be following content in the storer of RFID label: bus car plate, route name, train number, vehicle, driver information etc.
The hardware design and the realization of step 3) bus station intelligent terminal.The website intelligent terminal is the embedded system that an integrated rfid interrogator, information show modules such as LED dot matrix screen, GPRS wireless network.Intelligent terminal can select for use multi-functional SOC (system on a chip) (SOC) based on the ARM kernel as core processor, considers will realize multitask and to the support of wireless network, embedded OS is absolutely necessary.Therefore, when selecting SOC (system on a chip), to note its support situation to common embedded OS.Rfid interrogator module, LED dot matrix screen, GPRS wireless network module etc. are connected with SOC (system on a chip) (SOC) by the corresponding communication interface as system peripheral.
The platform software design of step 4) website intelligent terminal.At first will determine the embedded OS that adopts, mature and stable embedded OS has Windows CE, Linux, VxWorks etc. at present.Consider the cost problem that large tracts of land is promoted, native system adopts built-in Linux operating system.Built-in Linux will be transplanted on the hardware platform that designs in our step 3) then, programming apparatus drives.
The application programming of step 5) website intelligent terminal.The RFID label of the bus of passing by our station is read in the equally spaced trial of website intelligent terminal, notes the time that each time that enters read-write scope bus and last this bus of last time of successfully reading leave our station.Intelligent terminal will enter, and time and the some other information of leaving our station send to data server by GPRS network.Intelligent terminal also receives the information of advancing the our station vehicle of data server by GPRS network, be presented at after treatment on the LED dot matrix screen.Write application program according to above-mentioned flow process.
Step 6) is disposed data server.At first to select suitable servers and data base management system (DBMS) product according to demand.Carry out database design according to the platform of selecting again.
Step 7) is disposed internet note application server.Internet note application server is communicated by letter with the sms center in the mobile network by the internet short message gateway (ISMG) of operator, accepts user's query requests.Internet note application server generates the data server query requests according to request content after receiving query requests, send to data server again.The result that data server will be inquired about returns to internet note application server, and internet note application server generates the trip suggestion that returns to the user according to Query Result, sends to the user by ISMG again.To select the api interface of suitable servers product and ISMG to carry out the exploitation of application layer in this step, finish the function that the front is narrated.In addition, consult, determine the expenses standard that the user passes through message search and sends note to the user with operator's cooperation.
The design of step 8) office terminal software realizes.The realization of terminal software can have dual mode: B/S (browser/server), C/S (client/server).The B/S mode is to use the Web technology mode of every management function by Web to be realized departments at different levels only need can realize every bookkeeping by browser, and need not to install special client software.Adopt the B/S mode to need hypothesis Web server in addition, the bookkeeping of administrative authoritys at different levels is realized the operation of data server is realized by Web server.Client is utilized Socket communication and the VPN technologies realization visit to the data server under the C/S mode.
The deployment of step 9) website intelligent terminal.Intelligent terminal adopts the separate type external antenna to increase communication distance and reliability.The gain of antenna is selected according to the size of bus station, and the placement location of antenna and display screen will be considered in conjunction with concrete website information summary.
Obtaining of step 10) public transport arrival time empirical value.The website intelligent terminal is disposed, after finishing, debugging wants earlier test run through after a while, the bus that will test each road, each vehicle after the system stability work earlier enters the station several typical time periods of one day, time leaving from station, send to data server, the bus that server is added up these several typical case each road of time period, each vehicle travels to the required experience time of next website from a certain website, and is stored to corresponding list item.This empirical value will be added up renewal according to the time that obtains later on, to guarantee that as far as possible empirical value is more near actual value.
Claims (2)
1. the position of bus based on radio-frequency (RF) identification is informed and supervisory system, it is characterized in that this system is by the bus active RFID tag, the website intelligent terminal starts, office terminal, terminus software, internet note application server and data server five parts form; By active RFID label bus is carried out mark, be provided with integrated in the bus station and shown the website intelligent terminal that LED dot matrix screen, GPRS wireless network module are formed by rfid interrogator, information; Bus during by this website rfid interrogator read the bus RFID information of arriving at a station and add this bus inbound at this website, the departures time sends to data server by mobile GPRS network, deposit database after the data processing that data server sends over each terminal in and return the information of arriving at a station of each road bus of each website and provide the estimated value of each website time of arrival by empirical value to each terminal, internet note application server is responsible for accepting user's message search request, returns Query Result with data server after mutual; Show the excess time that intelligent terminal will arrive our station in the present present position of bus and the expectation of this website stop on LED dot matrix screen; The passenger who waits for bus can know which station the own bus that is waited has arrived at present, also has a few stops apart from our station by screen, according to arrive at a station excess time and other some informations of empirical value estimation in the past.
2. the position of bus based on radio-frequency (RF) identification according to claim 1 is informed the implementation method with supervisory system, it is characterized in that the specific implementation method of this method is as follows:
Step 1). the design system architecture,
Step 2). the design of radio-frequency (RF) tag and realization: at the bus station circumstance complication, bus self can have a negative impact with communicating by letter of label to read write line, the RFID label that adopts uses active 2.4GHz ultra-high frequency RFID label, should there be following content in the storer of RFID label: the bus car plate, the route name, train number, vehicle, driver information
Step 3). the hardware design of bus station intelligent terminal and realization: the website intelligent terminal is the embedded system that an integrated rfid interrogator, information show modules such as LED dot matrix screen, GPRS wireless network, and intelligent terminal selects for use multi-functional SOC (system on a chip) SOC based on the ARM kernel as core processor; Rfid interrogator module, LED dot matrix screen, GPRS wireless network module are connected with SOC (system on a chip) SOC by the corresponding communication interface as system peripheral,
Step 4). the design of the platform software of website intelligent terminal: at first will determine the embedded OS that adopts promptly to adopt built-in Linux operating system, built-in Linux will be transplanted on the hardware platform that designs in the step 3) then, programming apparatus drives,
Step 5). the application programming of website intelligent terminal: the RFID label of the bus of passing by our station is read in the equally spaced trial of website intelligent terminal, the time of noting each time that enters read-write scope bus and successfully reading for the last time, last this bus left the time of our station, intelligent terminal will enter, time and the some other information of leaving our station send to data server by GPRS network, intelligent terminal also receives the information of advancing the our station vehicle of data server by GPRS network, be presented at after treatment on the LED dot matrix screen, write application program according to above-mentioned flow process
Step 6) is disposed data server: at first to select suitable servers and data base management system (DBMS) product according to demand, carry out database design according to the platform of selecting again,
Step 7) is disposed internet note application server: internet note application server is communicated by letter with the sms center in the mobile network by the internet short message gateway ISMG of operator, accept user's query requests, internet note application server is after receiving query requests, generate the data server query requests according to request content, send to data server again; The result that data server will be inquired about returns to internet note application server, internet note application server generates the trip suggestion that returns to the user according to Query Result, send to the user by ISMG again, to select the api interface of suitable servers product and ISMG to carry out the exploitation of application layer in this step, finish the function that the front is narrated, in addition, consult with operator's cooperation, determine the expenses standard that the user passes through message search and sends note to the user
The design of step 8) office terminal software realizes: the realization of terminal software can have dual mode: browser B/ server S, client C/ server S; The B/S mode is to use the Web technology that the mode of every management function by Web realized, departments at different levels only need can realize every bookkeeping by browser, and need not to install special client software, adopt the B/S mode to need hypothesis Web server in addition, the bookkeeping of administrative authoritys at different levels is realized the operation of data server is realized by Web server, client is utilized Socket communication and the VPN technologies realization visit to the data server under the C/S mode
The deployment of step 9) website intelligent terminal: intelligent terminal adopts the separate type external antenna to increase communication distance and reliability, the gain of antenna is selected according to the size of bus station, the placement location of antenna and display screen will be considered in conjunction with concrete website information summary
Obtaining of step 10) public transport arrival time empirical value: the website intelligent terminal is disposed, after finishing, debugging wants earlier test run through after a while, the bus that will test each road, each vehicle after the system stability work earlier enters the station several typical time periods of one day, time leaving from station, send to data server, the bus that server is added up these several typical case each road of time period, each vehicle travels to the required experience time of next website from a certain website, and is stored to corresponding list item; This empirical value will be added up renewal according to the time that obtains later on, to guarantee that as far as possible empirical value is more near actual value.
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| CN103489048A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-01-01 | 李慧兵 | RFID (Radio Frequency Identification Device) data-based route travel time predicting method |
| CN103606272A (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-02-26 | 北京工业大学 | System and method for predicting rapid bus arriving time based on passenger volumes |
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| CN104778854A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2015-07-15 | 宋云波 | Mobile phone electronic bus stop board and wireless internet access state indication method |
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