CN102129252A - Three-foot fixed biaxial full-automatic solar tracking device - Google Patents
Three-foot fixed biaxial full-automatic solar tracking device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102129252A CN102129252A CN 201110023144 CN201110023144A CN102129252A CN 102129252 A CN102129252 A CN 102129252A CN 201110023144 CN201110023144 CN 201110023144 CN 201110023144 A CN201110023144 A CN 201110023144A CN 102129252 A CN102129252 A CN 102129252A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-foot fixed biaxial full-automatic solar tracking device. A light intensity signal collector is arranged at the upper end surface of a sunshine collector fixed frame; the top end of a supporting rod is hinged on the central part of the sunshine collector fixed frame through a joint bearing; the bottom end of the supporting rod is fixed on a main base which is also connected with a control component and a main transmission mechanism through a joint bearing; the top end of an auxiliary pull rod is hinged on the sunshine collector fixed frame through a joint bearing; the bottom end of the auxiliary pull rod is connected with an auxiliary transmission mechanism and fixed on an auxiliary base; and the top of a main pull rod is correspondingly hinged on the sunshine collector fixed frame through the joint bearing so that the sunshine collector fixed frame forms a three-dot or dot-line type rigid bonding structure with the supporting rod, the main pull rod and the auxiliary pull rod. By utilizing a lever principle and a three-dot fixing manner, the designed device has the advantages of low energy consumption, good stability, resistance to strong storm or hailstorm damages, and the like and can meet the geographical and meteorologic conditions of various mounting fields.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solar energy power generating and solar energy heat utilization field, be particularly related to a kind of proper length of sunlight collector fixed mount of utilizing as the arm of force, effectively reduce with day energy consumption and sun power and utilize cost, the employing three-point fix has improved the stability of equipment, has increased the hybrid twin shaft full automatic solar tracking means of weatherliness.
Background technology
Sun power is desirable regenerative resource as a kind of clean energy resource of sustainable use.Because solar energy density is low, energy receives poor continuity, with season, round the clock, climatic conditions change changes, present application mainly concentrates on solar water heater and sun greenhouse homenergic density requirements is not high, the daylighting time is discontinuous, the field that the user disperses.Greatly developing solar energy power generating and heat generating is to save fossil energy sources, reduces CO2 emission, guarantees energy security, realizes the effective way of sustainable development.
The principal element of restriction solar energy power generating is an opto-electronic conversion cost height, and the generated energy fluctuation is big, carries difficulty big at a distance.Under identical weather conditions, adopt the solar energy tracking technology to make solar cell all the time perpendicular to sunray, help improving solar energy utilization rate, when prolonging generating dutation, increase generated energy, the solar energy power generating cost can be reduced, influence can be reduced again to a certain extent power network fluctuation.In view of above reason, the solar energy tracking technology has been subjected to people's great attention.
That the mode that produces according to control signal in the control assembly broadly can be divided into tracking technique is active, passive type and hybrid three classes.Adjusting a wage scale according to rotation, the number of contained rotation axis is divided into tracking technique uniaxiality tracking and double-axis tracking usually in the parts.After above two kinds of sort merges, the solar energy tracking technology can be divided into active uniaxiality tracking, active double-axis tracking, passive type uniaxiality tracking, passive type double-axis tracking, hybrid uniaxiality tracking and hybrid double-axis tracking.No matter which kind of is followed the tracks of, its rotating drive power mostly is to act in the rotating shaft, because the arm of force of rotating shaft contribution is very little, just need provide bigger driving force to given load.The power consumption that is caused by solar energy tracking is bigger for this reason.Secondly, fixed with day parts by rotating shaft, poor stability, weatherliness is low.For overcoming the above problems, the applicant has proposed a kind of side-pull type automatic solar energy tracking device.This side-pull type automatic solar energy tracking device, the proper length of utilizing light collector fixed mount is as the arm of force, effectively reduce with day energy consumption and sun power and utilize cost, employing three-point fix or line point location have improved the stability of equipment, have increased the hybrid single-axis solar tracking means of weatherliness.But this side-pull type automatic solar energy tracking device is only applicable to uniaxiality tracking, and the adjustment people at the elevation angle need manually carry out, and automaticity is poor, only is applicable to that separate unit or small-scale sun power utilize occasion.For unmanned or large solar power station uniaxiality tracking is to satisfy its functional requirement.Secondly, existing double-axis tracking no matter be separate unit or array, all uses a central support shaft, and weatherliness is poor, and use is restricted.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is further innovation on side-pull type automatic solar energy tracking device basis, solve the coupled problem between single shaft and the twin shaft, utilized lever principle, three-point fix, middle sky true origin and one dimension type of drive to provide a kind of low power consuming, good stability, weatherliness simple in structure, that can accurately control the strong fixed twin shaft full automatic solar of tripodia tracking means.
In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention takes following technical solution to be achieved:
The fixed twin shaft full automatic solar of a kind of tripodia tracking means, comprise sunlight collector fixed mount, light intensity signal collection device, support bar and main drive gear, be provided with two crossing rotating shafts in sunlight collector fixed mount bottom along sunlight collector fixed mount quadrilateral diagonal, the upper surface of sunlight collector fixed mount is provided with the light intensity signal collection device; The top of support bar is by the centre hinge joint of oscillating bearing and sunlight collector fixed mount, and the bottom of support bar is fixed on the main basal base, also is connected with Control Component and main drive gear by oscillating bearing on the main basal base; The top of subtie is by oscillating bearing and the tetragonal drift angle S of sunlight collector fixed mount or wherein edge mid point position S ' hinge joint of quadrilateral, and tetragonal drift angle S of described sunlight collector fixed mount or quadrilateral wherein the centre O of edge mid point position S ' and sunlight collector fixed mount constitute north-south orientation; The bottom of subtie links to each other with auxiliary drive gear and is fixed on the secondary pedestal; The top of main tie by oscillating bearing corresponding with sunlight collector fixed mount tetragonal another drift angle A or another mid point position, edge of quadrilateral A ' hinge joint, wherein the selected north-south orientation of edge mid point position A ' and sunlight collector fixed mount 1 is vertical mutually for described sunlight collector fixed mount tetragonal another drift angle A or quadrilateral; Make sunlight collector fixed mount and support bar, main tie and subtie form bikini or dotted-line style rigid key junction structure.
Other technologies characteristics of the present invention are: described main drive gear and auxiliary drive gear are made up of gear set and turbine and worm system and stepper motor respectively, Control Component adopts microprocessor, the driving and the rotating speed that are used for the control step motor, and timesharing control main drive gear and auxiliary drive gear, also store sun operation azimuth information in the described microprocessor; Also be provided with start button, shutdown button, storm guard button and anti-hail button on the panel of main drive gear and Control Component.
Described light intensity signal collection device is photovoltaic module or light heat collector spare, changes the light intensity signal of the sun into electric signal, start, shutdown and the check and correction that is used for controlling automatically this device with a day error, provide rain or shine that the photoelectricity of day signal receives.
The outer setting of described main tie and subtie has scalable sleeve, the outer sleeve that described sleeve is reduced from top to bottom successively by radius, middle sleeve and inner sleeve are formed, outer sleeve is provided with oscillating bearing, is used to realize that main tie links with the sunlight collector fixed mount mutually with subtie; Described middle sleeve is arranged to a joint or a more piece according to user's the requirement or the size of device.
Described main drive gear, auxiliary drive gear connect into an integral body by gear, chain or transmission shaft, perhaps separate running or only with main drive gear to adapt to different installation geographical conditions and functional requirement.
Described main tie and subtie can center on and sunlight collector fixed mount hinge joint place free deflection respectively.
The fixed twin shaft full automatic solar of tripodia of the present invention tracking means compared with prior art has following technological merit:
1, according to lever principle, the intrinsic dimension that maximally utilises sunlight collecting device fixed mount effectively reduces the driving force with day as the arm of force, thereby has reduced with a day energy consumption;
2, the sunlight collector fixed mount adopts support bar, main tie, subtie bikini rigidity fixed, has improved the stability and the weatherliness of equipment;
But 3, Control Component timesharing control main drive gear and auxiliary drive gear drive energy consumption to reduce.
4, major and minor gear train can connect into an integral body by gear or chain or transmission shaft etc., also can be separated from each other or only get one to adapt to various different install geographical conditions and functional requirements.
5, adopt in day coordinate zero-point positioning, the zero migration of avoiding the variation in sunrise orientation to cause, improved with day stability and with a day precision;
6, utilize the revolution of stepper motor or umber of pulse to describe sun present position, be convenient to accurate location;
7, overcast and rainy stopping automatically with day, energy savings;
8, adopt active and the passive hybrid control that combines, improved with a day precision;
9, can the sunlight collector fixed mount be in and the minimum orientation of storm resistance by manually or the central control room control function during stormy weather, help reducing the resistance of storm, improve weatherliness;
10, be provided with manually and the central control room control function, when hail occurring, can allow sunlight collector fixed mount and vertical angle minimum, to improve anti-hail ability.
11, all programmed control parameters all have adjustability, to satisfy this equipment the geographic coordinate and the meteorological condition on ground are installed.
Description of drawings
Structural representation when Fig. 1 is rhombus for sunlight collector fixed mount of the present invention.
Structural representation when Fig. 2 is rectangle for sunlight collector fixed mount of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a tube-in-tube structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Wherein each label is represented respectively among the figure: 1 sunlight collector fixed mount, 2 light intensity signal collection devices, 3 main ties, 4 subties, 5 support bars, 6 Control Components, 7 main drive gears, 8 auxiliary drive gears, 9 main basal bases, 10 secondary pedestals, 11 oscillating bearings, 12 outer tubes, 13 middle sleeves, 14 inner sleeves, 15,16 rotating shafts.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing content of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1-2, the fixed twin shaft full automatic solar of tripodia of the present invention tracking means, comprise sunlight collector fixed mount 1, light intensity signal collection device 2, support bar 5 and main drive gear 7, be provided with two crossing rotating shafts (15,16) in sunlight collector fixed mount 1 bottom along sunlight collector fixed mount 1 quadrilateral diagonal, the upper surface of sunlight collector fixed mount 1 is provided with light intensity signal collection device 2.Light intensity signal collection device 2 changes the light intensity signal of the sun into electric signal, is used for controlling automatically start, shutdown and the check and correction of this equipment photoelectric receiving arrangement with day error.Sunlight collector fixed mount 1 material and shape, size can design according to customer requirements.
The top of support bar 5 is by the centre hinge joint of oscillating bearing and sunlight collector fixed mount 1, and the bottom of support bar 5 is fixed on the main basal base 9, also is connected with Control Component 6 and main drive gear 7 by oscillating bearing on the main basal base 9.The top of subtie 4 is by oscillating bearing and sunlight collector fixed mount 1 a tetragonal drift angle S or wherein edge mid point position S ' hinge joint of quadrilateral, and sunlight collector fixed mount 1 a tetragonal drift angle S or quadrilateral wherein the centre O of edge mid point position S ' and sunlight collector fixed mount 1 constitute north-south orientation.Subtie 4 moves up and down changing the elevation angle of sunlight collector fixed mount 1, realizes supporting role simultaneously; The bottom of subtie 4 links to each other with auxiliary drive gear 8 and is fixed on the secondary pedestal 10.The top of main tie 3 links with sunlight collector fixed mount 1 tetragonal another drift angle A or another mid point position, edge of quadrilateral A ' by oscillating bearing is corresponding, wherein the selected north-south orientation of edge mid point position A ' and sunlight collector fixed mount 1 is vertical mutually for described sunlight collector fixed mount 1 tetragonal another drift angle A or quadrilateral, and moving up and down of main tie 3 will change the position angle of sunlight collector fixed mount 1.Make sunlight collector fixed mount 1 and support bar 5, main tie 3 and subtie 4 form bikini or dotted-line style rigid key junction structure.
Need to prove the present invention with main tie 3 and subtie 4 respectively with sunlight collector fixed mount 1 on specific chosen position be hinged, its purpose is by reasonably utilizing the geometrical principle of point, line face coplane, select appropriate position to increase the arm of force of major and minor pull bar to greatest extent, realize the rotational orientation angle and the elevation angle of low power consuming ground control sunlight collector fixed mount 1 better to sunlight collector fixed mount one edge central point.And main tie 3 and subtie 4 can center on and sunlight collector fixed mount hinge joint place free deflection respectively.
Be used to connect the used oscillating bearing of main drive gear 7 and main basal base 9 in addition, be in the scope that designing institute allows, can make between two parts and can freely rotate, and not limited by the orientation.Be used for the used oscillating bearing of auxiliary connection gear train 8 and secondary pedestal 10, can make subtie in the scope that designing institute allows around the anchoring point of gearing along North and South direction deflection.
Main drive gear 7 of the present invention and auxiliary drive gear 8 are made up of gear set and turbine and worm system and stepper motor respectively; If during the shared drive motor of major and minor gear train, the major-minor gear train connects into an integral body by gear or chain or transmission shaft etc., and the power that the gear train of motor is not installed can import driving force the gear train that motor is not installed by the electromagnetic valve on the gear train that motor is installed; Control Component 6 is achieved by microprocessor, and the driving of stepper motor and rotating speed also store sun operation azimuth information by the programmed control that is provided with in the microprocessor in the microprocessor; But Control Component 6 timesharing control main drive gear 7 and auxiliary drive gear 8.
Wherein the control principle of Control Component 6 is as follows: provide equipment by microprocessor ground day Beijing time in the same day is installed, and define this time be zero point on the same day constantly, calculate the corresponding rotational angle of setting of on time (or instant time), this angle is converted into the umber of pulse output of drive stepping motor quick rotation, make drive motor by main drive gear 7 promote main ties 3 allow sunlight collector fixed mount 1 quick rotation when starting shooting over against the position of the sun; After this microprocessor synchronous rotational pulse number output corresponding with the sun synchronization rotating speed according to the sunlight collector fixed mount of setting 1 makes drive motor rotate with sun synchronization by sunlight collector fixed mount 1 and follows the tracks of.After one day tracking time finished, microprocessor output was returned and is referred to life, made sunlight collector fixed mount 1 return time Japan-China day position; After this microprocessor sends the rotational pulse number to auxiliary drive gear 8, when the shared motor of major-minor gear train, the solenoid valve of microprocessor in main drive gear sends instruction, allow the driving force of drive motor import auxiliary drive gear, drive subtie 4 and make the elevation angle of sunlight collector fixed mount 1 change one day angle.So far one day tracking finishes, and microprocessor sends shutdown command and shutdown.
Solar energy tracking device Control Component 6 of the present invention rain or shine day judgement controlled step principle is as follows: when light intensity signal collection device 2 detected fine day, main control and aligning step were undertaken by above-mentioned usual manner.When light intensity signal collection device 2 detected the cloudy day, main control unit stopped to the stepper motor output drive signal, stopped to follow the tracks of; When stopping tracking time and reach setting-up time and at interval do not receive fine signal yet, microprocessor driven stepper motor quick rotation, allow equipment return in day position.
Outer setting referring to Fig. 3 main tie 3 of the present invention and subtie 4 has scalable sleeve, and main tie 3 and subtie 4 are enclosed in the sleeve, is not subjected to environmental pollution with protection major-minor pull bar surface.The outer sleeve 12 that this sleeve is reduced from top to bottom successively by radius, middle sleeve 13 and inner sleeve 14 are formed, and outer sleeve 12 is provided with oscillating bearing 11, are used to realize that pull bar 3 is connected with sunlight collector fixed mount 1 with 4; Described middle sleeve 13 can be arranged to a joint or a more piece according to user's the requirement or the size of equipment.
The present invention also has characteristics to be in addition, if with after the auxiliary drive gear 8 independent dismountings of the present invention, agent structure of the present invention is transformed into the fixed single shaft semi-automatic sun of tripodia can tracking means.It is the kind of extension product effectively, satisfies the design requirement of different user better.
Below provide several specific embodiment of the present invention; need to prove that the present invention is not limited to following examples, the replacement of the equivalents on the basis of the present invention, identical function module or elementary cell decompose reconfigure or remove some elementary cell after the new design that constitutes all among protection scope of the present invention.
Original state: sunlight collector fixed mount plane normal was over against middle day position; Device parameter: summer is with Time of Day: 8:00～17:00; The clear to overcast stand-by period: 30 minutes; Wind loading rating: 8 grades (17.2m/s); Day coordinate zero-point positioning in the employing, the zero migration of avoiding the variation in sunrise orientation to cause
Embodiment 1: the whole day fine day is normal with day
7:59: light intensity signal collection device 2 is surveyed the setting value whether sun light intensity reaches device start.If do not reach, the waiting status of day position during equipment is in; If reach, equipment was by the middle day corresponding orientation of automatic fast steering 8:00 on the same day, position;
8:00: equipment automatic sun tracing.In with day process, auxiliary drive gear does not start.If lag behind because of certain reason is followed day equipment, when detecting equipment, the light intensity signal collection device lags behind when reaching set angle, and the light intensity signal collection device sends correction signal makes the equipment quick rotation arrive the instant orientation of following the tracks of; If follow day leading because of certain reason makes equipment, when the light intensity signal collection device detects equipment and reaches the certain angle of setting in advance, the light intensity signal collection device sends correction signal stops operating equipment, recovers automatic sun tracing when equipment arrives instant tracking orientation again.
17:00: the equipment automatic sun tracing finishes, and the beginning fast return was to middle day position and start and shut down after auxiliary drive gear 8 makes its elevation angle difference that changes one day.
Embodiment 2: overcast and rainy with fine change in day way
Weather conditions: 9:00 begins by fine change overcast and rainy.
8:00～9:00: normal with day, as described in embodiment 1.
9:00: the light intensity signal collection device detects rainy weather information; and send and stop with a day signal; make device standby; in the standby 30 minutes the light intensity signal collection device still do not detect cloudy become just return automatically after the fine information in day position standby; the 17:00 standby finishes, and starts to shut down after auxiliary drive gear 8 makes its elevation angle difference that changes one day.
Embodiment 3: clear up with fine change wet weather in day way again
Weather conditions: 9:00 begins by fine change cloudy, clears up after 25 minutes or 40 minutes.
8:00～9:25: normal with day, as described in embodiment 2.
9:25: after the light intensity signal collection device detected the fine information of cloudy change, the position of sun when equipment makes it over against 9:25 from the quick automatically check and correction of 9:00 holding state also began with day; Or:
9:40: the light intensity signal collection device detect cloudy become fine information after, equipment is day holding state fast rotational and the position of sun when proofreading 9:40 therefrom, begin then with day.
Embodiment 4: with the prominent storm wind of meeting in day way
The prominent storm wind of meeting of weather conditions: 15:00.
This kind situation is divided into the family expenses single device and photovoltaic plant multiple devices two class situations are handled.
To family expenses separate unit or several equipment, because family's courtyard and village environment, the wind-force on equipment installation ground is less than the wilderness usually, and can not consider this moment; If the wind-force in family's courtyard and the village reaches 8 grades (17.2m/s), the available hand push button of enabling is also shut down to middle day position by the equipment fast return.
To the photovoltaic plant multiple devices, when wind-force reached 8 grades (17.2m/s), the central control room operator on duty sent signal by the sudden and violent button of wind resistance and makes all with day equipment fast return to become minimum angle position to middle day position or with wind direction and shut down.
Embodiment 5: with clearing up behind the prominent chance storm wind in day way
Behind the storm, day position during equipment is in, when the light intensity signal collection device detect cloudy become fine information after, equipment is day holding state or become minimum angle location status fast rotational with wind direction and proofread immediately over against position of sun therefrom, begin then with day.
Embodiment 6: with the prominent hail of meeting in day way
To family expenses separate unit or several equipment, next interim when hail, available hand push button is also shut down to 8:00 or 17:00 position by the equipment fast return.
To the photovoltaic plant multiple devices, when hail comes temporarily, the central control room operator on duty sends signal by anti-hail button and makes all with a day equipment fast return to 8:00 or the also shutdown of 17:00 position.
Claims (6)
1. the fixed twin shaft full automatic solar of tripodia tracking means, comprise sunlight collector fixed mount (1), light intensity signal collection device (2), support bar (5) and main drive gear (7), wherein be provided with two crossing rotating shafts (15,16) in sunlight collector fixed mount (1) bottom along sunlight collector fixed mount (1) quadrilateral diagonal, it is characterized in that: the upper surface of sunlight collector fixed mount (1) is provided with light intensity signal collection device (2); The top of support bar (5) is by the centre hinge joint of oscillating bearing and sunlight collector fixed mount (1), the bottom of support bar (5) is fixed on the main basal base (9), also is connected with Control Component (6) and main drive gear (7) by oscillating bearing on the main basal base (9); The top of subtie (4) is by wherein mid point position, an edge (the S ') hinge joint of oscillating bearing and the tetragonal drift angle of sunlight collector fixed mount (1) (S) or quadrilateral, and tetragonal drift angle of described sunlight collector fixed mount (1) (S) or quadrilateral wherein the centre O of mid point position, an edge (S ') and sunlight collector fixed mount (1) constitute north-south orientation; The bottom of subtie (4) links to each other with auxiliary drive gear (8) and is fixed on the secondary pedestal (10); The top of main tie (3) by oscillating bearing corresponding with tetragonal another drift angle of sunlight collector fixed mount (1) (A) or another mid point position, edge of quadrilateral (A ') hinge joint, wherein the selected north-south orientation of mid point position, an edge (A ') and sunlight collector fixed mount (1) is vertical mutually for tetragonal another drift angle of described sunlight collector fixed mount (1) (A) or quadrilateral; Make sunlight collector fixed mount (1) and support bar (5), main tie (3) and subtie (4) form bikini or dotted-line style rigid key junction structure.
2. the fixed twin shaft full automatic solar of tripodia as claimed in claim 1 tracking means, it is characterized in that: described main drive gear (7) and auxiliary drive gear (8) are made up of gear set and turbine and worm system and stepper motor respectively, Control Component (6) adopts microprocessor, the driving and the rotating speed that are used for the control step motor, and timesharing control main drive gear (7) and auxiliary drive gear (8), also store sun operation azimuth information in the described microprocessor; Also be provided with start button, shutdown button, storm guard button and anti-hail button on the panel of main drive gear and Control Component (6).
3. the fixed twin shaft full automatic solar of tripodia as claimed in claim 1 tracking means, it is characterized in that: described light intensity signal collection device (2) is photovoltaic module or light heat collector spare, change the light intensity signal of the sun into electric signal, start, shutdown and the check and correction that is used for controlling automatically this device followed a day error, the photoelectricity reception of day signal rain or shine is provided.
4. the fixed twin shaft full automatic solar of tripodia as claimed in claim 1 tracking means, it is characterized in that: the outer setting of described main tie (3) and subtie (4) has scalable sleeve, the outer sleeve that described sleeve is reduced from top to bottom successively by radius (12), middle sleeve (13) and inner sleeve (14) are formed, outer sleeve (12) is provided with oscillating bearing (11), is used to realize main tie (3) and subtie (4) and sunlight collector fixed mount (1) hinge joint; Described middle sleeve (13) is arranged to a joint or a more piece according to user's the requirement or the size of device.
5. the fixed twin shaft full automatic solar of tripodia as claimed in claim 1 tracking means, it is characterized in that: described main drive gear (7), auxiliary drive gear (8) connect into an integral body by gear, chain or transmission shaft, and perhaps separate running is to adapt to different installation geographical conditions and functional requirement.
6. the fixed twin shaft full automatic solar of tripodia as claimed in claim 1 tracking means is characterized in that: described main tie (3) and subtie (4) center on and sunlight collector fixed mount hinge joint place free deflection respectively.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110023144 CN102129252B (en) | 2011-01-20 | 2011-01-20 | Three-foot fixed biaxial full-automatic solar tracking device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110023144 CN102129252B (en) | 2011-01-20 | 2011-01-20 | Three-foot fixed biaxial full-automatic solar tracking device |
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| CN102129252A true CN102129252A (en) | 2011-07-20 |
| CN102129252B CN102129252B (en) | 2013-01-23 |
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| CN106155116A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-11-23 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Sunlight automatic tracking system and method for building up thereof |
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| CN102129252B (en) | 2013-01-23 |
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