CN102128094A - Method and device for setting air-fuel ratio in exhaust of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Method and device for setting air-fuel ratio in exhaust of internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102128094A
CN102128094A CN2011100219212A CN201110021921A CN102128094A CN 102128094 A CN102128094 A CN 102128094A CN 2011100219212 A CN2011100219212 A CN 2011100219212A CN 201110021921 A CN201110021921 A CN 201110021921A CN 102128094 A CN102128094 A CN 102128094A
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fuel
point value
value
air
des
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CN2011100219212A
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CN102128094B (en
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Y·雅各布
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1454Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/027Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F02D2041/141Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using a feed-forward control element
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F02D2041/1413Controller structures or design
    • F02D2041/142Controller structures or design using different types of control law in combination, e.g. adaptive combined with PID and sliding mode

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and a device for setting an air-fuel ratio in exhaust of an internal combustion engine to a preset lambda-set value lambdades, wherein an upper limit and a lower limit of a fuel path related lambda extent is determined based on a preset operation parameter of the engine, and furthermore a wider general limit lambda interval is determined. Firstly the lambda-set value is limited in a general limit interval, and afterwards the lambda-set value is limited in the fuel path related lambda interval. Afterwards a fuel metering change is calculated so the lambda obtains a fuel path limit set point value. Additionally, an air metering change is calculated so the lambda obtains the general limit set value. Afterwards, the variables are set in a range of a feedback item, and furthermore any difference between the set value and an actual value is modified through a PID adjustor. The method and device disclosed in the invention can optimumly coordinate the fuel metering change and air metering change.

Description

Set the method and apparatus of air fuel ratio in the internal combustion engine exhaust gas
[technical field]
The present invention relates to set the method for the air fuel ratio in the exhaust of explosive motor, also relate to the device that is used to carry out this method.
[background technique]
The present invention can be used in combination with spark ignition Otto engine or diesel engine.In addition, multiple exhaust gas treatment device (for example three-way catalytic converter, NOx catcher or diesel particulate filter) can be connected engine downstream.Hereinafter can mention the λ value, it represents to have characterized the relative air fuel ratio with the deviation of chemical dose burning (λ=1) generally.
It is very general measure usually that air fuel ratio in the internal combustion engine exhaust gas is controlled, it at first is used for limiting emission (for example limiting the formation of running at full capacity soot), and secondly is used to keep the performance of exhaust-gas treatment system, for example combines in the three-way catalytic converter of spark ignition Otto engine or with the required enrichment running of NOx trap regeneration.In addition, λ control also is used for by avoiding exothermic reaction protecting the pump-down process assembly so that for example avoid the unnecessary soot of diesel particulate filter to burn.
For these various control targets, usually by the predetermined λ set-point value of advanced-design engine management system, set this λ value by changing the metering of fuel and/or air subsequently, and by with its with exhaust in the measured value (passing through lambda seeker usually) of λ value compare and regulate.
Owing to consider the existing delay (for example because exhaust pathway and sensor inertia) regulated on the path and the adjusting situation of difficulty in the frequent transient engine operating mode that takes place, simple feedback regulation has been proved to be too slow and inaccuracy, therefore the regulator that has guide's control or feedforward term for the common known use of this purpose, the wherein at first reverse model calculus of approximation needed fuel of required λ set-point value by regulating the path and the change of air metering, and for example only revise residue difference subsequently with respect to actual value by the PID regulator.
Can measure by change fuel metering and air and set required air fuel ratio.Wherein, the change of fuel metering is more faster to the influence of air fuel ratio in the exhaust than the change of air metering, and the normally preferred so that consequence that delay caused in the make-up air path of the change of fuel metering as a result is particularly in the transient engine operating mode.In addition, the adjusting of fuel metering is generally used for compensating the deviation of fuel quantity in the ejecting system, it may be because product tolerance or wearing and tearing and the reference value of calibrating deviation to some extent.
On the other hand, the change by fuel metering also has some shortcomings to the adjusting of λ: can not obviously weaken burning quality; In addition, if explosive motor just in transmission of drive force, then should avoid the driver to aware torque shock.In addition, should limit delivery temperature, particularly for turbosupercharger.At last, should avoid excessive oil dilution and too much fuel consumption.
Although there are the problems referred to above, mainly carry out λ in the prior art and set, especially for the quick change under the transient engine operating mode by the fuel metering metering.If suitable, under the relatively large situation of deviation, also adjustable air metering subsequently; Yet this will finish in the long period scope.The what is called of air metering " is reviewed " adjusting can not change this fact of problem that the above-mentioned and initial fuel metering change that takes place of meeting generation is associated in instantaneous conditions.
Therefore, target of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and apparatus of setting or regulating air fuel ratio in the internal combustion engine exhaust gas, and this method and apparatus has been avoided the problems referred to above like this to coordinate the change running of fuel and air metering best in the maximum possible scope.Therefore, seek in control fuel metering (being used for less relatively change) and control between the air metering (being used for relatively large air fuel ratio changes) and obtain best transformation continuously.
[summary of the invention]
Realized this purpose according to the present invention.
Favourable design of the present invention has been described in the embodiment of the invention.
In the method according to the invention, provide the following step, wherein if possible also can change the order of step:
From predetermined λ set-point value λ DesBeginning is at first with lower limit λ Narrow minWith upper limit λ Narrow maxDetermine so-called " fuel path be correlated with λ interval (fuel-path-related lambda interval) ".Described interval has characterized and can obtain the λ setting range that maybe should obtain so that only avoid the problems referred to above by changing fuel metering.
Preferably according to the function of the present engine operating mode function of present engine rotating speed and load (or moment of torsion) (particularly according to) and preferably also concern to determine the restriction in described λ interval based on prestore table memory or predefined function according to the function of engine temperature.Preferably also consider the operation mode (for example the regeneration operating of lean-burn operation, stratified charge running (if any), NOx catcher etc.) of explosive motor, it can be by with respect to the convergent-divergent that is stored in the basic value in the form, deviant or realize by the different forms of a series of functions according to operation mode.Preferably the λ interval does not rely on (or at least directly rely on) in current λ value or be scheduled to the λ set-point value.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, also determine another λ interval based on the preset engine operating parameters, this λ interval is called as " generally limiting λ interval (generally limited lambdainterval) " hereinafter, and it is chosen as wideer than fuel path restriction λ interval, and fuel path restriction λ interval is in this wideer interval.Preferably will be scheduled to the λ set-point value and be restricted to value in the described interval, that is to say, if set-point value is greater than interval limit value λ Broad maxOr less than λ Broad min, then to set described set-point value and equal corresponding interval limit value, described subsequently limit value is as the set-point value of other step.By this restriction, will be limited in significant scope between absolute available λ setting district, still be that the air supply change is set and no matter it changes by supply of fuel.
Preferably be similar to determine (promptly based on a plurality of engine parameters) of fuel path limit section are determined described wideer general limit section.
The size in described two above-mentioned intervals has been considered the standard described in the background technique part.For example, the fuel path limit section is all selected to such an extent that very narrow making avoided understanding the torque shock of being discovered by the driver in each example.
In the method according to the invention, next step is subject to the upper limit λ in fuel path restriction λ interval by making predetermined λ set-point value in the direction that increases Narrow max, and/or make predetermined λ set-point value be subject to the lower limit λ in fuel path restriction λ interval in the direction that reduces Narrow min, according to predetermined λ set-point value λ DesDetermine fuel path restriction λ set-point value λ Des lim KEspecially, if the λ set-point value is greater than or equal to the λ value λ of measurement Mess, then preferably the λ set-point value is limited to upper limit λ in the direction that increases Narrow maxIf the λ set-point value is lower than the λ value λ of measurement Mess, then preferably the λ set-point value is limited to lower limit λ in the direction that reduces Narrow min
Subsequently so that the approximate fuel path restriction λ set-point value λ that reaches of actual λ value Des lim KMode determine that required fuel quantity changes Δ m K
If initial setting point value λ DesBe in the fuel path restriction λ interval, then λ Des(or λ Des Lim) and λ Des lim KEquate and only carry out λ and set, and air quantity remains unchanged based on fuel metering.
On the contrary, if λ set-point value λ Des(or λ Des lim, consider general limit section) and fuel path restriction λ set-point value λ Des lim KNot corresponding (is λ Des lim KBe restricted), then as another step, change Δ m to consider the fuel quantity of determining in the step formerly KMake actual λ value reach λ set-point value λ DesOr λ Des limMode determine that required air quantity changes Δ m L
At last, consider above-mentioned definite change value Δ m KWith Δ m LIf (suitable) comes setting air and fuel value so that (approximate at least) reaches λ set-point value λ DesOr λ Des lim
Preferably, the method according to this invention can be used in the situation of the adjusting that has guide's control or feedforward term especially.For this reason, by said method, the reverse model based on the air/fuel system in each example calculates the required change of fuel and air change (if suitable), and is set in the scope of guide's control or feedforward term.Revise current λ value λ by regulating element (for example by the PID regulator) MessWith λ set-point value λ DesBetween difference, the preferably main fuel metering metering of wherein said PID regulator.
The invention also discloses a kind of device that is used to carry out this method that relates to.
The hardware aspect of this device designs in mode well known in the prior art, and has other driver that is used to control fuel metering (for example electric drive jet pump) and be used to control the driver (for example electronic throttle) that air measures.Measure current λ value by lambda seeker corresponding in the exhaust.
Preferably carry out the method according to this invention in the control unit of engine of microprocessor control, it receives required λ set-point value according to the input variable from the Advanced Control device.So preferably implement said method by program-code and by the form that prestores accordingly.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of method of controlling air fuel ratio in the internal combustion engine exhaust gas.This method comprises to regulate and transfers to the air of motor and in the fuel each air fuel ratio is controlled to be predetermined required air fuel ratio, wherein the adjusting to fuel is limited in certain limit, if, then air is regulated based on actual mixing ratio and the deviation of predetermined required air fuel ratio and the fuel adjusting of limited extent to the adjusting of the fuel predetermined required air fuel ratio that is unrealized.
In one embodiment, to the adjusting of fuel based on fuel path restriction air fuel ratio set-point value, and regulate transfer to motor fuel quantity to realize fuel path restriction air fuel ratio set-point value.
In another embodiment, to the adjusting of fuel based on fuel path restriction air fuel ratio set-point value, and regulate transfer to motor fuel quantity to realize fuel path restriction air fuel ratio set-point value; And to the adjusting of air based on described fuel adjusting and described predetermined required air fuel ratio.
[embodiment]
To explain according to one embodiment of present invention once more in more detail below:
1) at first with λ DesBe predefined for set-point value and measure current λ value λ Mess
2) based on table memory (table memory), especially according to two λ scopes of function definition of the function and the operation mode of Engine torque and rotating speed, the general limited field that is in particular broad (is limited to λ up and down Broad minAnd λ Broad max) and the fuel path limited field of relative narrower (limit value is λ Narrow minAnd λ Narrow max).The fuel path limited field is should (only) to change the λ scope of set-point value by fuel path.
3) according to λ Des, at first basis establishes an equation down and determines to be subject to the first set-point value λ of general limited field Des lim
λ des?lim=max(min(λ des,λ broad?max),λ broad?min) (1)
Described restriction is guaranteed in the air/fuel metering limited change is only taking place between feedforward validation period after a while.
4) in addition, determine restricted more set-point value λ Des lim K, it has characterized and can change by the maximum of fuel path, and is specific as follows:
If 3) in the value λ that determines Des limBe greater than or equal to the λ value λ of measurement Mess, then with λ Des lim KBe set at and λ Des limEquate, but be subject to upper limit λ than close limit in the direction that increases Narrow max, promptly
λ des?lim?K=min(λ des?lim,λ narrow?max) (2)
If the perhaps value λ that in step 3), determines Des limLess than the λ value λ that measures Mess, then with λ Des Lim KBe set at and λ Des limEquate, but be subject to lower limit λ than close limit in the direction that reduces Narrow min, promptly
λ des?lim?K=max(λ des?lim,λ narrow?min) (3).
5) calculate the λ value that to measure according to establishing an equation down subsequently and be set at the fuel limit set-point value λ that above determines Des lim KRequired fuel compensation,
Δ m K = m L 14.7 · ( 1 λ deslimK - 1 λ Precal ) , - - - ( 4 )
Wherein
Δ m KFor fuel mass flow rates changes; m LBe MAF; λ PrecalBe pre-calibration λ value.
Change according to the uncompensated feedforward of air and fuel path and to calculate pre-calibration λ value λ Precal
6) subsequently, calculate other required correction Δ m of MAF according to establishing an equation down L,
Δm L=(λ des?lim?KPrecal)·m K?Precal·14.7+λ des?lim·Δm K·14.7 (5)
M wherein K PrecalBe λ PrecalBased on fuel mass flow rates.
7) last, will revise the air controlled with the suitable manner guide and fuel value further based on measured value λ by feedforward MessRegulating (for example by the PID regulating element) is set-point value λ Des
In one example, in the explosive motor that has the NOx catcher, the regeneration of described NOx catcher needs for example λ value of 0.97 (enrichment).In this case, the fuel path limit section can be between 1.08 and 1.10.If current λ value is 1.09, then carries out from 1.09 to 1.08 change, and carry out from 1.08 to 0.97 change by air path by fuel path.

Claims (10)

1. one kind is used for approximate at least being set at of air fuel ratio of internal combustion engine exhaust gas is scheduled to λ set-point value λ DesMethod, it is characterized in that:
A) determine the upper and lower λ in the relevant λ interval of fuel path based on predetermined engine running parameter Narrow Min, λ Narrow max
B) by making described predetermined λ set-point value be limited to the upper limit λ in described fuel limit λ interval in the direction that increases Narrow maxAnd/or make described predetermined λ set-point value be limited to the lower limit λ in described fuel limit λ interval in the direction that reduces Narrow min, according to described predetermined λ set-point value λ DesDetermine fuel path restriction λ set-point value λ Des lim K
C) so that being similar at least, actual λ value reaches described fuel path restriction λ set-point value λ Des lim KMode determine the change Δ m of fuel quantity K
D) if described set-point value λ DesWith described fuel path limit setting point value λ Des lim KNot corresponding, then described actual λ value is similar at least and reaches described λ set-point value λ to consider the fuel quantity of determining in the step c) to change DesMode determine the change Δ m of air quantity L
E) consider described change value Δ m KAnd/or Δ m L, set described air and fuel value so that it is similar to and reach described λ set-point value λ Des
2. according to the method described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Based on the preset engine operating parameters, determine the upper and lower λ in general restriction λ interval Broad min, λ Broad max, described general restriction λ interval is wideer and described fuel path restriction λ interval is contained in wherein than described fuel path restriction λ interval, wherein for step a) to e), use limited λ set-point value λ Des limReplace described predetermined λ set-point value λ Des, described limited λ set-point value λ Des limBe subject to the λ value in described general restriction λ interval.
3. according to the method described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that:
Determine the interval and/or described general restriction λ interval of described fuel path restriction λ according to the function of at least one in engine speed, engine loading or Engine torque, engine running pattern and/or the engine temperature based on the prestore form and/or the function relation that prestores.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that described engine running pattern comprises the regeneration mode of combustion mode, exhaust gas treatment device.
5. according to each described method in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that:
Measure current λ value, and based on described current λ value λ MessWith guide's control or feedforward term described air fuel ratio is adjusted to described λ set-point value λ Des, wherein based on the reverse model calculation procedure c of described air/fuel system) and d) in required fuel and air change and be set in the scope of described guide's control or feedforward term, and wherein by the described current λ value λ of regulating element correction MessWith described λ set-point value λ DesBetween difference.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: in step b),
If described λ set-point value is greater than or equal to the λ value λ of described measurement Mess, then make described λ set-point value be subject to the upper limit λ in the relevant λ interval of described fuel path in the direction that increases Narrow max, and
If the λ value λ of the little described measurement of described λ set-point value Mess, then make described λ set-point value be subject to the lower limit λ in the relevant λ interval of described fuel path in the direction that reduces Narrow min
7. device that is used for setting and/or regulating the internal combustion engine exhaust gas air fuel ratio is characterized in that:
Described device is designed for enforcement of rights and requires each described method among the 1-6.
8. method of controlling air fuel ratio in the internal combustion engine exhaust gas comprises:
Adjusting transfers to the air of described motor and in the fuel each described air fuel ratio is controlled to be predetermined required air fuel ratio, wherein the adjusting to described fuel is limited in certain limit, the described predetermined required air fuel ratio if described adjusting to fuel is unrealized then is scheduled to the deviation of required air fuel ratio and the fuel adjusting of limited extent is regulated described air based on actual mixing ratio with described.
9. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described adjusting to fuel limits the air fuel ratio set-point value based on fuel path, and regulates the fuel quantity that transfers to described motor and limit the air fuel ratio set-point value to realize described fuel path.
10. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described adjusting to air is based on described fuel adjusting and described predetermined required air fuel ratio.
CN201110021921.2A 2010-01-15 2011-01-14 The method and apparatus of setting air-fuel ratio in exhaust of internal combustion engine Active CN102128094B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201010000928 DE102010000928B3 (en) 2010-01-15 2010-01-15 Method for approximately adjusting air/fuel ratio in exhaust gas of e.g. diesel engine, involves determining fuel path reference lambda value, and adjusting air/fuel ratio under consideration of values for reaching lambda-set value
DE102010000928.8 2010-01-15

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CN103573347A (en) * 2012-08-02 2014-02-12 福特环球技术公司 NOx control during engine idle-stop operations
CN104454201A (en) * 2013-09-20 2015-03-25 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Method and device for lambda adjustment and ignition angle adjustment
CN104847509A (en) * 2015-06-11 2015-08-19 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 Exhaust gas temperature controlling method and exhaust gas temperature controlling apparatus of TGDI engine
CN105020042A (en) * 2014-04-29 2015-11-04 长城汽车股份有限公司 Method for controlling dual-fuel engine based on air-fuel ratio, system and vehicle

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DE202015004385U1 (en) * 2015-06-20 2016-11-02 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) Computer program for operating a drive system
DE102019101680A1 (en) 2019-01-24 2020-07-30 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method for correcting deviations in an air mass or exhaust gas recirculation rate and injection quantity in an internal combustion engine

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CN103573347A (en) * 2012-08-02 2014-02-12 福特环球技术公司 NOx control during engine idle-stop operations
CN103573347B (en) * 2012-08-02 2017-10-24 福特环球技术公司 NOx controls during engine idle stop is run
CN104454201A (en) * 2013-09-20 2015-03-25 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Method and device for lambda adjustment and ignition angle adjustment
CN104454201B (en) * 2013-09-20 2019-05-31 罗伯特·博世有限公司 The method and apparatus adjusted for λ adjusting and the angle of ignition
CN105020042A (en) * 2014-04-29 2015-11-04 长城汽车股份有限公司 Method for controlling dual-fuel engine based on air-fuel ratio, system and vehicle
CN104847509A (en) * 2015-06-11 2015-08-19 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 Exhaust gas temperature controlling method and exhaust gas temperature controlling apparatus of TGDI engine

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