CN102127414B - 一种微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂及其制备方法与应用,属于石油化工技术领域。该微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂,组分如下,均为重量百分比:表面活性剂:5~10%;助表面活性剂:2~8%;油相:35~45%;水相:35~45%;无机电解质:3~10%。本发明所述微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂具有修复储层渗透率功能,与现用助排体系相比,可降低油气井压裂酸化过程中油气井近井带水锁、残渣以及地层流体不配伍引起的储层伤害程度50%以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂及其制备方法与应用,属于石油化工技术领域。
背景技术
微乳液是由表面活性剂、助表面活性剂、油和水等自发形成的各相同性、外观透明或半透明、热力学稳定的分散体系,具有超低界面张力、极小纳米颗粒和超强增溶能力。微乳液主要应用于提高原油采收率、微乳液膜、微乳液农药、微乳药胶囊、微乳洗涤液、微乳化妆液、纳米材料制备等领域。上世纪60年代,微乳液体系开始应用于三次采油,70年代石油危机加速了微乳液在油田中的应用研究。微乳液三次采油理论上可行,但所需表面活性剂浓度较高,由于成本等制约因素限制了其大规模应用。近年来,微乳液在提高压裂酸化改造方面的应用效果突出,引起了研究者的极大关注。低渗特低渗油气藏压裂酸化改造中大量外来液体浸入储层,造成严重的油气层伤害,因此及时高效地返排出措施流体尤为重要。但是常规助排剂无法及时有效地到达致密岩石孔隙中,对助排效果影响较为严重,而微乳液能有效降低压裂酸化后残液返排的压力、降低措施中水锁、乳化及润湿反转等伤害,改善压裂酸化作业效果。公开号为CN101323780A(申请号为200810150553.X)的中国专利,公开了一种低渗透油田热化学助排剂及其在低渗透油田油水井酸化、压裂工艺中的应用。该热化学助排剂由A剂和B剂组成,A剂由一定重量百分比的磷酸、亚硝酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、乳化剂、表面活性剂和水组成,B剂由一定重量百分比的尿素、氯化铵和水组成。A剂和B剂在一定条件下发生热化学反应,产生大量氮气、二氧化碳和高温热水,同时伴随着大量热量;另外,具有一定压力的氮气和二氧化碳在高效活性发泡剂的作用下会形成大量泡沫有助于将残渣返排出油水井。该热化学助排剂不易燃、不易爆,主要应用于低渗油水井的酸化、压裂工艺的助排技术,解决返排力度不够等问题,减少残存工作液对储层的污染,能有效提高酸化与压裂效果。该专利制备复杂,无法克服油气井压裂酸化过程中油气井近井带水锁、残渣以及地层流体不配伍引起的储层伤害较明显的缺点。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的不足,提供一种微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂及其制备方法与应用。
为达到上述发明目的,本发明采取了如下技术方案:
一种微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂,组分如下,均为重量百分比:
表面活性剂:5~10%;助表面活性剂:2~8%;油相:35~45%;水相:35~45%;无机电解质:3~10%,上述各组分百分比之和为百分之百。
优选的,表面活性剂:6~8%;助表面活性剂:4~7%;油相:39~42%;水相:40~42%;无机电解质:5~8%。
所述的表面活性剂选自十二烷基磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、脂肪酸甲酯磺酸钠或石油磺酸钠之一;
所述助表面活性剂选自丙醇、异丙醇、丁醇、异丁醇、戊醇或异戊醇之一;
所述油相选自煤油或白油之一;
所述无机电解质选自氯化钾、氯化钠或氯化铵之一;
所述助排剂中胶粒粒径为20~100nm;
上述微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂的制备方法,步骤如下:
将表面活性剂、助表面活性剂、油相、水相和无机电解质混合搅拌均匀后,静置1~3h,即得微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂。
上述微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂在油气井增产改造过程中的应用。
所述应用,步骤如下:
按照压裂酸化液质量0.4-0.8%的比例加入微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂,混合均匀后泵入底层。
上述压裂酸化液的配制可按现有技术配制,可参考《压裂酸化现场配液技术研究与应用》(王树龙、邹旭东、王荣业、肖平等,石油矿场机械,2005年04期)中的记载。
上述化学试剂均为市售产品,上述操作均采用本领域常规操作方法。
本发明有益效果如下:
(1)本发明所述微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂与压裂液或酸液具有良好的配伍性,复配后不产生沉淀或絮凝状物质,不影响压裂液或酸液体系本身性能,破胶液表面张力小于或等于28mN·m-1;
(2)本发明所述微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂具有低界面张力(与煤油界面张力在30℃时可达到10-2mN/m)与低的表面张力(小于28mN/m);
(3)本发明所述微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂对现有压裂液体系密度无影响;
(4)本发明所述微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂具有修复储层渗透率功能,与现用助排体系相比,可降低油气井压裂酸化过程中油气井近井带水锁、残渣以及地层流体不配伍引起的储层伤害程度50%以上。
(5)本发明所述微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂制备工艺简单、产品性能稳定、腐蚀性弱、可大幅度提高压裂酸化返排效果。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步阐述,但本发明所保护范围不限于此。
实施例1
一种微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂,组分及质量份数如下:
十二烷基苯磺酸钠:5份;正丁醇:4份;煤油:41份;水:42份;氯化钠:8份。
将十二烷基苯磺酸钠、正丁醇、煤油、水、氯化钠按上述质量份数称量并混合搅拌均匀后,静置1~3h,即得微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂。
按照压裂酸化液质量0.7%的比例加入微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂,混合均匀后泵入底层。
经检测,该微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂的密度、界面张力、表面张力、储层渗透率修复率等测试数据见表1。
实施例2
如实施例1所述的微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂,不同之处在于,组分及质量份数如下:
脂肪酸甲酯磺酸钠:6份;异丁醇:5份;煤油:42份;水:42份;氯化钠:5份。
按照压裂酸化液质量0.5%的比例加入微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂,混合均匀后泵入底层。
经检测,该微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂的界面张力、表面张力、储层渗透率修复率测试数据见表1。
实施例3
如实施例1所述的微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂,不同之处在于,组分及质量份数如下:
十二烷基硫酸钠:7份;正戊醇:6份;白油:40份;水:40份;氯化钾:7份。
按照压裂酸化液质量0.4%的比例加入微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂,混合均匀后泵入底层。
经检测,该微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂的界面张力、表面张力、储层渗透率修复率测试数据见表1。
实施例4
如实施例1所述的微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂,不同之处在于,组分及质量份数如下:
十二烷基磺酸钠:8份;异戊醇:7份;白油:39份;水:40份;氯化钾:6份。
按照压裂酸化液质量0.8%的比例加入微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂,混合均匀后泵入底层。
经检测,该微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂的界面张力、表面张力、储层渗透率修复率测试数据见表1。
表1
Claims (2)
1.一种微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂,其特征在于,组分及质量份数如下:
十二烷基磺酸钠:8份;异戊醇:7份;白油:39份;水:40份;氯化钾:6份。
2.权利要求1所述微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:
将十二烷基磺酸钠、异戊醇、白油、水和氯化钾混合搅拌均匀后,静置1~3h,即得微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂。
3、权利要求1所述微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂在油气井增产改造过程中的应用,其特征在于,步骤如下:
按照压裂酸化液质量0.8%的比例加入微乳液型压裂酸化助排剂,混合均匀后泵入底层。
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Cited By (6)
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US9222013B1 (en) | 2008-11-13 | 2015-12-29 | Cesi Chemical, Inc. | Water-in-oil microemulsions for oilfield applications |
US9200192B2 (en) | 2012-05-08 | 2015-12-01 | Cesi Chemical, Inc. | Compositions and methods for enhancement of production of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons |
US9068108B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2015-06-30 | Cesi Chemical, Inc. | Methods and compositions for stimulating the production of hydrocarbons from subterranean formations |
US9428683B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-08-30 | Flotek Chemistry, Llc | Methods and compositions for stimulating the production of hydrocarbons from subterranean formations |
US9464223B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-10-11 | Flotek Chemistry, Llc | Methods and compositions for use in oil and/or gas wells |
US9321955B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2016-04-26 | Flotek Chemistry, Llc | Methods and compositions for stimulating the production of hydrocarbons from subterranean formations |
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