CN102126262A - Blade type processing equipment and processing method of plastic and plantfiber composite materials - Google Patents
Blade type processing equipment and processing method of plastic and plantfiber composite materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN102126262A CN102126262A CN201110044889XA CN201110044889A CN102126262A CN 102126262 A CN102126262 A CN 102126262A CN 201110044889X A CN201110044889X A CN 201110044889XA CN 201110044889 A CN201110044889 A CN 201110044889A CN 102126262 A CN102126262 A CN 102126262A
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- plastics
- vane type
- plantfiber
- string
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/475—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using pistons, accumulators or press rams
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides blade type processing equipment and a processing method of plastic and plantfiber composite materials. The blade type processing equipment comprises a set of blade type plastic feeding units, more than one odd set of blade type plastic plasticizing and conveying units, a set of blade type plantfiber feeding units and more than one set of composite material mixing and conveying units, all of which penetrate through a rotor shaft and are sequentially connected together. Plastic charging holes and feeding hoppers on the charging holes are arranged at the upper parts of the plastic feeding units, and plantfiber metering feeders are arranged at the upper parts of the plantfiber feeding units. The axial width ratio of the plantfiber feeding units to the plastic feeding units is 1: (1-50); plantfiber and plastic are fed into a blade and then subjected to plasticized extrusion and processing by using the working volume difference of two feeding units and the plantfiber metering feeders. In the invention, plantfiber can be independently and quantitatively introduced, and can be uniformly mixed with plastic base materials in a scattered manner; the thermal degradation of the plantfiber can be effectively reduced; the length-to-diameter ratio of the plantfiber can be retained; and the performance of a composite material product can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to composite material machining machine and equipment, be specifically related to the vane type process equipment and the method for plastics and made from composite material of plant fiber
Background technology
For the processing and forming of plastics and made from composite material of plant fiber, the current charging process that generally adopts is together to be added by charge door after string, plastics and other additives mix, and directly enters and carries out machine-shaping in screw-type extruder or the injector.There are two main problems in this string lead-in mode: (1) is in the plasticizing transport process, because string need pass through Solid Conveying and Melting, fusion plastification and melt Conveying process jointly with plastics, string can fracture under the viscous force of the extrusion shearing power of the frictional force of metal wall, solid plastic, melt, power effects such as active force between the fiber, and cause the fiber draw ratio to diminish, particularly Solid Conveying and Melting process and melting process are the most serious to the destruction of fiber; (2) density because of string and plastics differs bigger, and the lamination of string and plastics can take place when hopper feed, makes that the raw material mixing is inhomogeneous and influences product quality.
Behind hopper, set up the separate charging mouth open though also have at present with the technical scheme of independent adding fiber, but be subjected to the restriction of traditional screw rod extruding structure for conveying, still have many defectives such as reduce significantly of reinforced inhomogeneous, formed by plant fibre process draw ratio.CN200710018210.3 discloses a kind of conical double screw extruder special for wood plastic composite material, by reasonable Arrangement cooling section on machine barrel and bringing-up section position, improve exhaust and screw-rod structure, solved that wood powder that wood plastic composite occurs in extruding or other fibrous materials cross that thermal decomposition, raw material can not fully plastify, problems such as each component of material is mixed inhomogeneous, exhaust outlet overflow, extrusion instability, but and fail to break away from of the restriction of traditional screw processing method to plastics and made from composite material of plant fiber.In traditional screw rod processing equipment, it mainly is that Solid Conveying and Melting is the friction towing by screw rod when rotation effect of dragging to material that material plasticizing transports, and melt Conveying is a viscous drag, the velocity gradient of material with its flow vertical with deformation direction, this flow and distortion is arranged by shear stress.The pressure of adopting traditional spiro rod plasticizing mode of movement to obtain is sheared peptizaiton and can be caused the fiber draw ratio in the goods to reduce significantly, cause localized hyperthermia to make the material degraded easily, exist and force contradiction mixing and low temperature process, material plasticizing transports defectives such as the hot mechanical course that is experienced is long, energy consumption is big, is unfavorable for the extrusion molding of plastics and made from composite material of plant fiber.
ZL200810026054.X discloses a kind of high polymer material plasticizing transportation method and equipment based on draft flowing deformation, its principle is to realize that by the cyclically-varying that plasticizing transports the space polymer plasticizing of the hot mechanical course of weak point that tensile deformation is leading transports, and discloses and a kind ofly transport the device of plastic processing that unit combination forms by the vane type plasticizing.But disclosed plasticizing transportation method and equipment only are provided with a charge door, can't realize that the quantitative and even of string adds, and is not suitable for the processing of plastics and made from composite material of plant fiber according to the proportion relation of plastics and string.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming that prior art exists, the vane type process equipment and the processing method of a kind of plastics and made from composite material of plant fiber are provided, mainly rely on the frictional force between material and the metal barrel surface and the problem of material internal friction to have solved plasticizing capacity in the spiro rod plasticizing transport process, and realized the importing respectively of plastics and string.
The vane type process equipment of plastics provided by the invention and made from composite material of plant fiber, by through armature spindle and the vane type plastics feeding unit that connects successively, odd number group vane type plastics plasticizing more than one group transport the unit and more than one group the mixing unit that transports of composite constitute, on vane type plastics feeding unit, offer the plastics charge door, the reinforced hopper of plastics is installed on the plastics charge door, described vane type plastics plasticizing transports the rear end, unit vane type string feeding unit is installed, and string metered charge device is installed above the vane type string feeding unit.
Above-mentioned vane type string feeding unit is 1: 1～50 with the axial width ratio of vane type plastics feeding unit, the ratio range change of the concrete composite of processing as requested of this ratio.Owing to will add the string that becomes certain proportioning with plastics in vane type string feeding unit, the volume of material in this feeding unit increases, so the axial width of vane type string feeding unit needs to strengthen.For example, when string volume content was 50% in the composite, the axial width of vane type string feeding unit and vane type plastics feeding unit was than just being at least 2.When fiber content was 90%, the width ratio was at least 10, if but consider that the bulk density of string is smaller, and the bulk density of variety classes string is also different, so width is than also should suitably increasing.Utilize the swept volume difference of string feeding unit and plastics feeding unit and the effect of string metered charge device, realize the function of string feeding blade plasticizing extrusion system.
The vane type process equipment of above-mentioned plastics and made from composite material of plant fiber both can be used as the vane type extruder of plastics and made from composite material of plant fiber, can also become vane type plasticizing injector with the plunger injection unit combination as plastics and made from composite material of plant fiber preplasticizing unit.
The present invention also provides the vane type processing method of plastics and made from composite material of plant fiber, be and be incorporated into based on the high polymer material plasticizing transportation method of draft flowing deformation in the process of plastics and made from composite material of plant fiber, the axial width of vane type string feeding unit in the above-mentioned vane type process equipment is strengthened, make the swept volume of its swept volume greater than vane type plastics feeding unit, utilize the swept volume difference and the string metered charge device of these two feeding unit, realize that string and plastics feeding blade plastifies extrusion process.
Method provided by the invention specifically realizes by following proposal: under the driving of armature spindle 1, plastics and other auxiliary agents are included vane type plastics feeding unit in by the plastics charge door, and owing to transport the space and under the effect of extruding force, enter vane type plastics plasticizings from large to small and transport the unit, plasticizing transports when plasticizing effect is good behind the unit if plastics are through vane type plastics, can offer vane type string feeding unit after this vane type plastics plasticizing transports the unit; Plasticizing transports when also needing further to plastify behind the unit if plastics are through vane type plastics, transports the fusion plastification that plastics are finished in the unit through some groups even number set vane type plastics plasticizing subsequently.This is because the top, unit that transports that the plasticizing of the vane type of odd number group transports behind the unit is the material sucking area that volume increases gradually, offer vane type string spout after can transporting the unit in the vane type plasticizing of odd number group, and the top, unit that transports that the blade of even number set plasticizing transports behind the unit is the binder district that volume reduces gradually, can not offer spout.Because blade transports the unit and has the positive displacement characteristic, therefore can control the proportioning of string and plastics by the charging rate of regulating string metered charge device.
Characteristics of the present invention are to utilize the effect based on the high polymer material plasticizing transportation method of draft flowing deformation, and behind plastics feeding unit, set up independent string charge door, can realize that the string independent quantitative imports and evenly disperse to mix with plastic basis material, and can effectively reduce the thermal degradation of string, the draw ratio that keeps string, thereby improve the performance of composite product, reach according to ratio requirement and evenly add string and better keep the purpose of its draw ratio.Solve plasticizing capacity in the spiro rod plasticizing transport process and mainly relied on the frictional force between material and the metal barrel surface and the problem of material internal friction, and realized the importing respectively of plastics and string.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1, equipment provided by the invention is to set up independent string feeding unit behind plastics feeding unit, can separately, quantitatively import string, overcomes by same hopper the proportioning problem of non-uniform that material layering causes when together reinforced.
2, the present invention imports string under the state of plastics fusion, avoid mix early stage and the solid material course of conveying in external force to the destruction of string draw ratio.
3, plasticizing transport process of the present invention is taken effect as the leading factor with the stretching field of force, fiber can be very fast along the action direction orientation of tensile deformation, help that separating of coma aggressiveness twines thereby dispersion effect is better; Avoided simultaneously under the shear flow field action, occur bending and deformation in the flexible fiber rotary movement, fractureing of the fiber that causes can keep the big L/D ratio of string, thereby be more suitable for the preparation of short fiber of plant and polymer composites, and improve the mechanical property of goods greatly.
4, the invention enables and finish plasticizing hot mechanical course that transport process experienced and shorten greatly, plasticizing transports energy consumption and reduces, and the time of staying of material reduces significantly simultaneously, has reduced material degraded probability.
5, the forced conveyance that changes based on spatial volume makes the hot mechanical course narrowly distributing of material, and temperature of charge is evenly distributed, and can effectively reduce processing temperature, and the product property fluctuation is little.
6, the present invention utilizes blade to transport the positive conveyance characteristic of unit, makes the plasticizing transport capability not rely on the physical characteristic of material, is specially adapted to the conveying of the low short fiber of plant of bulk density, thereby plasticizing transports stability and improve, and material adaptability is improved.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the vane type extruder structure schematic diagram of plastics and made from composite material of plant fiber;
Fig. 2 is the vane type plasticizing injector structural representation of plastics and made from composite material of plant fiber.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but the scope of protection of present invention is not limited to the scope of embodiment statement.
With reference to figure 1, the vane type extruder of plastics and made from composite material of plant fiber is by 4, one group of vane type plastics plastify and transport unit 5, one group of vane type string feeding unit 6 and two groups of mixing unit 7 and 8 that transport of composite and constitute through armature spindle 1 and one group of vane type plastics feeding unit being connected successively.Offer the plastics charge door on top, plastics feeding unit, the reinforced hopper 2 of plastics is opened on the charge door of this vane type plastics feeding unit 4.Under the driving of armature spindle 1, plastics and other auxiliary agents are included in the vane type plastics feeding unit 4 by the plastics charge door, and owing to transport the space and enter vane type plastics plasticizings from large to small transport the fusion plastification that plastics are finished in unit 5 under the effect of extruding force.Plastic melt enters vane type string feeding unit 6 afterwards, and the width that vane type string feeding unit 6 is in axial direction gone up is greater than the width on vane type plastics feeding unit 4 axial directions.Because the volume of vane type string feeding unit 6 transports unit 5 greater than the vane type plastics plasticizing of front, melt pressure reduces, thereby string can be included in by the string charge door that is arranged on the corresponding material sucking area of this unit stator.String charge door top is provided with string metered charge device 3, because blade transports the unit and has the positive displacement characteristic, therefore can pass through to regulate the charging rate control string of string metered charge device 3 and the proportioning of plastics.Last extrude through being connected mould on the mixing spacer shell that transports unit 8 of composite again, cool off, finalizing the design obtains goods.
In addition, the concrete ratio of axial width of vane type string feeding unit and vane type plastics feeding unit is adjusted according to the volume ratio of the string that adopts in the composite and the bulk density of string.
With reference to figure 2, mainly constitute based on the plastics of blade plasticizing and the vane type plasticizing injector of made from composite material of plant fiber by plastics and made from composite material of plant fiber preplasticizing unit 9, plunger injection unit 13 and loading head 10, wherein, plunger injection unit 13 is made of injection barrel 11, injection ram 12.The charging end face of loading head 10 is fixedlyed connected with the discharging end face of made from composite material of plant fiber preplasticizing unit 9 with plastics, and the discharging end face of loading head 10 is fixedlyed connected with the charging end face of the injection barrel 11 of plunger injection unit.Enter in the injection barrel 11 of plunger injection unit through loading head 10 by plastics and the made from composite material of plant fiber preplasticizing unit good Composite Melt of 9 plasticizings, injection ram 12 at the pressure lower plunger injecting unit 13 of melt retreats, plastics and made from composite material of plant fiber preplasticizing unit 9 stop plasticizing when the storing amount reaches the variable of injected articles requirement in the injection barrel 11, and the plasticizing measurement process of injector finishes.After machine to be injected is finished mold filling, pressurize operation, begin plasticizing at goods cooling stage plastics and made from composite material of plant fiber preplasticizing unit 9, injector begins the new one-period of product molding.
Claims (4)
1. the vane type process equipment of plastics and made from composite material of plant fiber, by the vane type plastics feeding unit that also connects successively through armature spindle, one group of above odd number group vane type plastics plasticizing transports unit and one group of mixing unit formation that transports of above composite, it is characterized in that offering the plastics charge door on the described vane type plastics feeding unit, the reinforced hopper of plastics is installed on the described plastics charge door, described vane type plastics plasticizing transports the rear end, unit vane type string feeding unit is installed, and string metered charge device is installed above the described vane type string feeding unit.
2. equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that the described vane type string feeding unit and the axial width ratio of vane type plastics feeding unit are 1: 1～50.
3. equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the end one group of mixing end that transports the unit of composite connects the plunger injecting unit.
4. the described equipment of one of claim 1～3 is used for the method for processing plastic and made from composite material of plant fiber, it is characterized in that vane type string feeding unit axial width is strengthened, make the swept volume of string feeding cell operation volume greater than vane type plastics feeding unit, utilize the swept volume difference and the string metered charge device of these two feeding unit, string and plastics feeding blade are plastified extrusion process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110044889XA CN102126262A (en) | 2011-02-24 | 2011-02-24 | Blade type processing equipment and processing method of plastic and plantfiber composite materials |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110044889XA CN102126262A (en) | 2011-02-24 | 2011-02-24 | Blade type processing equipment and processing method of plastic and plantfiber composite materials |
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| CN102126262A true CN102126262A (en) | 2011-07-20 |
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| CN201110044889XA Pending CN102126262A (en) | 2011-02-24 | 2011-02-24 | Blade type processing equipment and processing method of plastic and plantfiber composite materials |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108890910A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-11-27 | 华南理工大学 | Biomass based on volume fluctuation continuously dodges quick-fried and in-situ blending method and apparatus |
| CN109624237A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-04-16 | 泰瑞机器股份有限公司 | Special polymer material vacuum forges and presses molding forming machine |
| CN113211743A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-06 | 华南理工大学 | Extrusion-injection compression molding method for series explosion synergistic blending fiber reinforced plastic parts |
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| CN101469107A (en) * | 2007-12-25 | 2009-07-01 | 上海普利特复合材料股份有限公司 | Glass fiber reinforced PBT / ABS composite material with excellent surface and high fluidity |
| CN202088322U (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2011-12-28 | 华南理工大学 | Blade type device for processing plastics and vegetable fiber composite materials |
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2011
- 2011-02-24 CN CN201110044889XA patent/CN102126262A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
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| US3869111A (en) * | 1973-12-10 | 1975-03-04 | Intercole Automation Inc | Apparatus for mixing rubber, elastomer, plastic and the like |
| EP1254008B9 (en) * | 2000-02-08 | 2006-05-03 | Sand S.R.L. | Method for manufacturing anti-crash panels and apparatus for carrying out the method |
| CN2925844Y (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2007-07-25 | 林军 | Reinforced-fibre thermoplastic double-screw extruder |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108890910A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-11-27 | 华南理工大学 | Biomass based on volume fluctuation continuously dodges quick-fried and in-situ blending method and apparatus |
| CN108890910B (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2023-08-25 | 华南理工大学 | Biomass continuous flash explosion and in-situ blending method and equipment based on volume pulsation |
| CN109624237A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-04-16 | 泰瑞机器股份有限公司 | Special polymer material vacuum forges and presses molding forming machine |
| CN109624237B (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2023-11-24 | 泰瑞机器股份有限公司 | Vacuum forging and moulding machine for special polymer material |
| CN113211743A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-06 | 华南理工大学 | Extrusion-injection compression molding method for series explosion synergistic blending fiber reinforced plastic parts |
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Application publication date: 20110720 |