CN102121566B - Method and equipment for processing water vapor before use - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a technology and equipment for processing water vapor before use. According to the conventional method for recycling vapor and condensed water thereof, a vapor recycling machine is used for directly pressing the condensed water or waste vapor in a boiler, and heating and recycling the condensed water or the waste vapor, so that the aims of reducing consumption and saving energy are fulfilled. In the invention, according to the working principle of the conventional vapor recycling machine, the vapor is directly compressed and boosted and then enters a vapor distribution and storage or using device, so that a link of heating the vapor in the boiler is saved. Due to the development of the technology, the boiler with low nameplate rated pressure can produce vapor with pressure exceeding the nameplate rated pressure.

Description

Processing method and equipment thereof before water vapor uses

Reprocessing processing method before technical field the invention relates to water vapor and comes into operation and the relevant equipment that supports the use.

Background technique, regardless of the source of water vapor, before being put into concrete use, also needs it to carry out processing or the reprocessing of some necessity, can be referred to as the preposition processing of steam.For example it is stored, distribute, carry, regulate pressure, control flow, metering, enters gas-distributing cylinder, enters vapour storage tank, enter accumulator, enter knock out drum, merge dosage, shunting decrement, heating, overheated, then heat, desuperheat, pressurization, decompression, hydrophobic, a series of activities such as carbonated drink separation, this is common situation about arriving in Large-scale enterprises or professional factory.If belong to the negative pressure of vacuum boiler of heat exchange-type, in order to ensure heat exchanger efficiency, also need the gas of the non-water vapor composition in steam to be removed, be also a kind of processing or processing.

Water vapor, after using, can produce condensed water and waste steam, and the condensed water that temperature is higher also can constantly produce secondary flash steam.For energy saving and reducing costs, all trades and professions all manage to reclaim condensed water and waste steam, and reuse after processing is processed again.

At present the recycling of condensed water, has solved the difficult problem of condensed water in high temperature to pump cavitation, and develops a whole set of sealed mode and reclaim condensed water in high temperature new technology (see " Beijing is energy-conservation " 1999 the 5th phase the 12nd page).Also there are waste steam and the condensed water to reclaim the production and application of compressor and are approved for utility model patent, as the patent No.: 89213179.9,96233509.6,00223657.5.These are all the again practical technique of recycling of water vapor after using.From other angle, also can be considered the one reprocessing of water vapor before using.

Following table is to have passed through certain waste steam of national scientific research institution test and appraisal and the important technological parameters of condensation water reclaiming machine:

According to the 12nd phase in 2008 the 57th page of introduction of " energy-conservation " magazine, recycling machine feature: with closed-circuit way of recycling, the waste steam that gas utilization unit is ejected and condensed water in high temperature, change original traditional way of recycling, remove drain valve, directly exhaust steam lack of water is passed through to Steam Recovery compressor pressurizes, again condensed water in high temperature vapour mixture is directly pressed in drum, formation steams-with the closed circuit circulatory system of vapour-recovery-steam again, thereby accelerate the thermal cycle of equipment, effectively improve the heat exchange efficiency of gas utilization unit, reduce boiler coal consumption and combustion load, 90% waste steam latent heat all reclaims.

As can be seen from the table, to reclaim the waste steam of different steam-water ratio time, use the different steam turbines of pressing, the vapor pressure difference of inlet/outlet can reach 5 times or 20 times.

Goal of the invention the present invention is the working principle of utilizing waste steam and condensed water pressuring machine, by the juvenile water steam of boiler or steam generator or steam pipe system or ground hot spring, well, or used or not yet used, and through the recycled water steam reclaiming, all use compressor through pressurization, make it to improve force value, needn't enter again afterwards boiler, but directly send into next storage among the equipment distributing or use.Thereby simplify the water vapor reclaiming, turn back to again the complicated operation that in boiler, heating is boosted, boiler or steam generator or the steam pipe system of lower nominal parameter also can be solved, or other steam source and vapour-recovery units, can not directly produce higher than nominal parameter or compared with the limitation of high parameter steam.

Many production industries all require to supply with the steam of higher temperature, way has three kinds conventionally: the one, and the working pressure that improves boiler improves the saturation temperature of steam, the 2nd, use the heat carrying agent that saturation temperature is high (heating agent) instead, the 3rd, saturated vapour heating is obtained to superheated vapor.Because first method is generally thickeied boiler pressure parts, steel consumption strengthens, or adopts the higher steel of intensity, and the investment of complex structure manufacture difficulty strengthens.The price of the second way heating agent is high more than water, and is not so good as the easy of water, supplements difficulty.Therefore often adopt the third way, use superheater to be heated as again superheated vapor by saturated vapour.Had now the technology of the present invention, can open up new approach for the pressure of saturated vapour and the raising of temperature, only needed to continue existing saturated vapour pressure treatment, this invention technology can be civilian, also can be military.

Summary of the invention the present invention realizes like this.Similar to the working procedure of refrigerant compression machinery, the water vapor of the lower pressure in certain steam source or generating means is compressed into overheated and pressure-increasning state after extracting in vapour compression unit.Because compression process completed in moment, water vapor has little time to carry out exchange heat with the external world, and vapor (steam) temperature has produced raising.Different from cooling condition, water vapor by compressor out, enter into again after distribution of steam storage device or container, owing to there being good insulation effect, can think substantially no longer externally heat release condensation, but with original steam generation heat exchange, last in new higher saturation pressure and saturation temperature state.

Here, steam source or generating means, vapour compression unit, distribution of steam storage device, three technology important document parts and the basic equipment the present invention relates to, make the joining pipeline valve of three and control system and add, Here it is water vapor processing method before use and the technical thinking of the equipment of use thereof.(seeing accompanying drawing 1)

Steam source or generating means include boiler, municipal steam pipe system, steam generator, condensed water and vapour-recovery unit etc.

Vapour compression unit is the one in the large class of gas compressor, can be according to selected certain type of actual conditions.Gas compressor (working pressure is greater than 2bar) can be divided into by its principles and structure form: volume type, velocity profile and injection type compressor etc.Volume type has two kinds of reciprocating piston type and rotary displacements.Velocity profile has centrifugal, wherein has blower (working pressure is at 0.1～2bar), induced draught fan (working pressure is below 0.1bar), single-stage and multiple impeller pump (referring to the 69th page of " engineering thermodynamics " China Construction Industry Press 1985 years).The compressor type kind that refrigerating and air conditioning industry uses is various, can select.Vapour compression machine herein can adopt reciprocating piston type more, has both ensured that pressurized steam-energy has certain flow, can obtain again higher vapor pressure.

Distribution of steam storage device includes gas-distributing cylinder, accumulator, vapour storage tank, knock out drum etc.Sometimes can distribute storage, but directly send among use equipment, such as various heaters, heat exchanger, radiator etc.

Pipeline valve and control system include, pipeline, valve, instrument, safety attachment, automatic control device, steam trap connection etc.At this, we can, by technological scheme of the present invention and feature, do contrast with the recovery technology of existing steam and condensed water, can further understand technical characteristics separately.

One, identical point:

1. working medium all includes water vapor.

2. the mode of recycle-water steam can be open type reclaiming system, can be also sealed mode reclaiming system.

The processing of water vapor be all through mechanical device be the pressure process of compressor.

4. need to be equipped with the storage device of some necessary steam and the delivery pipeline system of steam, and be aided with the monitoring element and the control gear that ensure the efficient operation of safety economy.

Two, difference:

1. working medium of the present invention refers to single steam, does not substantially relate to the processing of condensed water.What existing Steam Recovery technology related to is the mixture of steam and condensed water, have also taking condensed water as main.

2. the source that water vapor reclaims, the present invention, except the steam of open type or sealed mode reclaiming system, regenerates outside steam, has also increased the primary steam of boiler and steam generator or steam pipe system and other thermals source.And the source of the water vapor of the recycling of existing steam and condensed water does not comprise and device or equipment that the fresh steam such as boiler and steam generator or steam pipe system occurs or sends does not substantially comprise primary steam.The title of recycling machine is also waste steam recycling machine, and its range of definition is very clear.

3. water vapor of the present invention, through collecting after compression, has directly carried out storing or using.His working procedure just simple recovery pressurization---with vapour---reclaims the endless form of pressurization again.------recovery---steams again with vapour endless form and system and existing recovery technology is that steam water interface is directly pressed into boiler, is formed and have steamed.That is to say, to boiler, the water vapor of existing recovery technology is to enter boiler, and the water vapor of the technology of the present invention is to flow out boiler.

4. the input equipment of the present invention is mainly (vapour) machine of calming the anger, and can carry out pressure treatment to water vapor, and needn't water vapor be heated again.As long as therefore there has been water vapor vapour source, even without boiler or steam generator, also can adopts this technology and normally work.And the recovery of current steam and condensed water processing be unable to do without this link and the equipment of again getting back to boiler heating.

5. the selected recovery compressor of the present invention, as Piston Reciprocating Pump, can have more kind and model than the recovery compressor of existing sealed mode steam and condensed water.For example, for the steam pressurized of processing larger flow, can use single-stage or multistage centrifugal refrigeration compressor, or use turbosupercharger, belong to centrifugal pump type more.For the steam of small flow, can adopt the small-sized but various compressors that outlet pressure is higher of single-stage.Although existing recovering device is also equipped with centrifugal pump, major function is for the processing of condensed water and pumps, belongs to the work of another kind of character.

Good effect one, in actual production life, people, in order to obtain the steam of certain pressure parameter, often according to the industrial steam boiler specification series of national regulation, configure the boiler of certain specified name-plate pressure.And the working pressure of the actual steam using tends to lower than one times of left and right of specified name-plate pressure, even more.This can cause the waste of steel, fuel and fund cost to a certain extent undoubtedly.If but reverse situation is produced the steam that exceedes specified name-plate pressure with existing boiler, be also entail dangers to safety and absolute prohibition.And to again purchase boiler and superseded old boiler, also can cause waste.Some units installed tea-bath furnace solved drink boiling water, the problem of even warming oneself of having a bath, but cannot meet the laundering sterilization problems of the boiling staple food in dining room or the bed accessory at hostel, also need that steam boiler is installed or dual purpose steam water boiler solves.

So when the use steam that can not meet actual elevated pressures when the rated designs pressure of existing boiler requires, can adopt the present invention to come steam pressurized, can ensure to use needs, avoid again some unnecessary excessive investments.

Two, because the operation of the low parameter of boiler can be saved material on manufacturing and designing, alleviate boiler weight, reduce steel loss-rate (steel vapour ratio)." Chinese special safety equipment " magazine the 8th periodical in 2009 is stepped on article, and State General Administration for Quality Supervision has proposed the core value of special safety equipment and energy conservation.Point out to prove on the basis of scientific research and testing and data analysis in investigation, if the safety coefficient of pressurized container is down to 2.7 from 3, estimate that China is every year by 400,000 tons of saving steels, approximately 3,000,000,000 yuan.This way is also suitable for boiler industry.Because the boiler of scrapping every year, mostly be to be caused by corrosion and the source of damage of local compression element for example tube sheet, smoke pipe, water screen tube, convection bank, but the components such as drum, header, flue, falling tube, all still there is the intensity that can meet rated working pressure, that is to say in design it is not equivalent life.

Theoretically, the calculating pressure of boiler shell (shell) and calculated thickness are substantially linear relation.Be calculated as follows with a concrete formula now:

Tl＝P×Dn/(2×Ψmin×[σ]-P)

In formula:

Tl---theoretical calculated thickness, mm; By the substitution calculating respectively of following value, result is followed successively by 13.90,6.91,3.45.

P---calculating pressure (gauge pressure), MPa; Value: 1.30,0.65,0.325.

Dn-shell cylinder internal diameter, mm; Value: 1400

The minimum attenuation coefficient of Ψ min-; Value: 0.628

[σ]-allowable stress, MPa.Value: 105.3

This can be seen that, along with the reduction of drum pressure, the substantially proportional routine relation of theoretical calculated wall thickness is successively decreased.The result shows, if design boiler by the half of present rated pressure, that is to say by the parameter that approaches working pressure and produce boiler, boiler material also can be saved half.This mainly refers to smaller hard flour pancake boiler certainly, water tube boiler therewith mechanism still have difference, because water pipe caliber is than the little manyfold of drum internal diameter, main consideration is not done in the selection of wall thickness.

" steam boiler safety and technical supervision code " pointed out, for water tube boiler, the taking wall thickness and must not be less than 6mm of drum cylindrical shell, for shell boiler, in the time that shell internal diameter is greater than 1000mm, the taking wall thickness and must not be less than 6mm of shell cylindrical shell, in the time that shell internal diameter is no more than 1000mm, the taking wall thickness and should not be less than 4mm of shell cylindrical shell.In " miniature boiler and normal-pressure hot-water boiler technical specifications " JB/T7985-2002,6.2.3 article of requirement, the taking wall thickness and should not be less than 3mm of boiler shell (shell) or flue.Why having specified to be not less than the wall thickness of taking of 6mm, 4mm, 3mm, is except the intensity of pressure parts, also will consider the problem of parts unstability.

And when now the working pressure of general shell boiler is 0.7MPa-1.25MPa, the wall thickness of taking of cylindrical shell is 12.mm-18mm, compared with the 6.91mm-13.9mm of above calculating, margin of safety 5mm-4mm bigger than normal.Just as the safety coefficient of the pressurized container of speaking of, also there is the leeway reducing above.Adopt the present invention, boiler can use with the operation of lower pressure parameter, and after pressurization device, just can produce the steam of elevated pressures parameter.Therefore can reduce boiler pressure parts wall thickness and steel consumption on manufacturing and designing.

Three, the low parameter of boiler and steam generator operation, both can reduce the especially wall thickness of heating part of pressurized original paper, also can use in addition the high but material that allowable stress is lower of thermal conductivity, and such as the metal such as aluminium, copper is manufactured heating part.This is the improvement of favourable heat transfer all, and makes working medium quick heating, produces steam also fast, has improved working efficiency.The boiler for example having is called packaged boiler, opens stove after 5 to 10 minutes, can produce steam and come into operation.

Four, boiler working substance pressure moves under lower parameter, the saturation temperature of water vapor is reduced, strengthened the temperature difference of working medium and flame, be both conducive to working medium heat absorption, also can reduce to greatest extent the temperature of exhaust fume of boiler export, this point is even more important to steam boiler.According to interrelated data introduction, 12 DEG C-15 DEG C of the every increases of temperature of exhaust fume, the thermal efficiency loses 1%.(referring to the 45th page of " boiler and boiler room equipment " in December, 1979 China Construction Industry Press; The 337th page of work social security publishing house of " stoker's reader " in January, 2008 China; " Energy Saving Technology for Industrial Boiler training materials " in April, 2009, Administration of Quality and Technology Supervision of Beijing published the 92nd page.)

According to the recommendation of industrial boiler economical operation GB/T17954-2007 standard, industrial boiler operation temperature of exhaust fume (unit: degree Celsius, rated load operating conditions) specified value is as following table:

This shows, even if the steam boiler of back-end surfaces is housed, temperature of exhaust fume also reaches 160 DEG C-180 DEG C.Actual in the effect of cigarette ash incrustation scale, generally discharge fume all higher than this value.If adopted after this invention technology, can be by Steam pressure control at 0.1MPa, temperature of exhaust fume can rest in 130 DEG C or following.Table is compared therewith, yet can have the potentiality that reduce again 30 DEG C-50 DEG C of temperature of exhaust fume, improves thermal efficiency 2%-4% again.

Five, the pressure of boiler is moving compared with under low parameter, has increased equipment and personnel's thereof margin of safety.Even if there is security incident, the boiler failure energy of low-pressure parameter is also little than the boiler failure energy of high pressure parameter, therefore the loss causing is also relatively little.

Six, according to the principle of this invention technology with push away use, the municipal systems especially heating steam pipeline of all types of user can adopt compared with low parameter and carries.So, same evaporating, emitting, dripping or leaking of liquid or gas, can relatively reduce thermal loss in the case of occurring.And beneficial to ensureing pipeline and accessory Security thereof, and can reduce the reparation difficulty after breaking down.And adopt after this technology for existing steam pipe system, also can obtain the steam of the pressure rating higher than pipe network.

Seven, use electric boiler at producing steam in next life night dip period, re-use the present invention by after steam pressurized, deliver to compared with in the accumulator of high workload pressure, for using on daytime or peak value section, both can reduce the incurred cost expense of steam, and also can in a disguised form reduce the consumption of fuel and reduce the discharge of various harmful substances.This communicates with the energy-saving principle that cold-storage is carried out in ice making.

Eight, some industry and enterprises now, have all extensively adopted sealed mode condensed water recovery technology, are that condensed water in high temperature is combined and enters boiler with boiler feedwater.Also having some technology is with recycling machine, and the steam water interface of condensed water in high temperature and steam is directly pressed in drum.In the closed circuit circulatory system of this steaming-with vapour-recovery-steam again, all be unable to do without link and effect that boiler heats again.The present invention has broken away from boiler or has heated link again, and directly will after steam pressurized, store or use.Technique is simplified, and equipment has obtained saving.

Nine, regulation in " steam boiler safety and technical supervision code ", the boiler that nominal steam pressure is less than or equal to 0.1MPa can use water sealing (sealing water) pipe safety installations, and without mounting safety valve.Because water sealing (sealing water) pipe can be made multi-stage series formula and (sees " industrial boiler house design handbook " the 516th page, 26 pages of the 2nd phases of " boilers and pressure vessel safety " nineteen ninety), so from principle and actual angle, the boiler that nominal steam pressure is greater than 0.1MPa also can use water sealing (sealing water) pipe, is also better than safety valve in its safety reliability and maintaining.Normal pressure or accurate atmospheric steam boiler, negative pressure or accurate negative pressure steam (phase transition of vacuum heat exchange) boiler itself are very safe, also can fill safety valve.So the technology of this scheme and equipment adapted, on the boiler of low-pressure small capacity, are very practical for small enterprise, small-scale production, individual workship, little processing.Especially for economically less developed region, have more applicability.Certainly, any equipment all needs to meet scientific management and standard operation, otherwise also can meet with an accident, and even vacuum boiler also can explode, as there is special literary composition report " Chinese special safety equipment " the 2nd phase in 2009.

Ten, in certain sense, the present invention technology can also go out a new boiler type by derivation.Can be to produce steam under working pressure condition in low pressure, normal pressure, negative pressure, and then be aided with pressurized equipment by raise steam to the mode that meets actual demand pressure, design the series of steam boiler of producing certain elevated pressures grade.Moreover, this also means the boiler that uses existing lower rated pressure, can obtain the steam of elevated pressures parameter, thus for existing boiler, steam generator use function aspects upgrading, tap the latent power and transform the new approach that split.This series of boiler can use in different geographical, is particularly applicable to the area that plateau atmospheric pressure is lower.And this class boiler is except Security, energy saving is also very outstanding.Energy-conservation can reduction of discharging, so also have environmental protection effect concurrently.

Drawing illustrates below in conjunction with specification and embodiment, each accompanying drawing and the present invention is described in further detail.

Accompanying drawing 1 is for the processing method of water vapor before using and use the technique schematic block diagram of equipment.The wherein distribution of 1-high pressure steam, storage and operative installations, 2-high pressure steam, 3-high pressure side valve pipeline system, 4-steam pressurized device, the pressurized steam of 5-, 6-low voltage side valve pipeline system, 7-low pressure steam source or generating means, 8-low pressure steam, the pressure of 9-low pressure steam source or generating means shows control device, the pressure of 10-vapour compression unit shows control device, and the pressure of the distribution of 11-high pressure steam, storage and operative installations shows control device.

Accompanying drawing 2 is producing steam (tea) the normal-pressure boiler schematic diagram of the straight-through atmosphere tubular type of band.

Wherein 12-boiler body, 13-boiling water, 14-turns on the tap, 15-steam comb, 16-steam, 17-flue gas, 18-chimney, 19-water-level gauge, the 20-pipe valve that adds water.

Accompanying drawing 3 installs producing steam (tea) the normal-pressure boiler schematic diagram of air locking device formula additional for leading to air pipe end.

Wherein 12-boiler body, 13-boiling water, 14-turns on the tap, 15-steam comb, 16-steam, the lightweight check valve of 21-air locking device formula, 17-flue gas, 18-chimney, 19-water-level gauge, the 20-pipe valve that adds water.

Accompanying drawing 4 is for installing producing steam (tea) the normal-pressure boiler schematic diagram that opens and closes valve and axial-flow blower formula additional in logical air pipe.Wherein 12-boiler body, 13-boiling water, 14-turns on the tap; 15-steam comb, the built-in axial flow steam discharge of 23-steam comb machine, when 25-start, opposite side is to steam branch row mouth; the built-in keying check valve of 22-steam comb; while opening axial flow steam discharge machine, close, 24-arranges the steam mouth of pipe, 16-steam while shutdown; 17-flue gas; 18-chimney, 19-water-level gauge, the 20-pipe valve that adds water.

Accompanying drawing 5 is flame water-bath type hot water and steam normal-pressure boiler schematic diagram.

Wherein 12-boiler body, 26-burner, 27-flame, the loose shape stream of 28-water spray, the 29-distributing tube of spray water, 18-chimney, 30-smoke evacuation and arrange steam, the 20-pipe valve that feeds water, 31-heat outputting water valve pipe.

Accompanying drawing 6 is the accurate normal-pressure boiler schematic diagram of water seal tubular type producing steam.

Wherein 12-boiler body, 32-offlet, 33-U shape pipe, 34-(can also have bushing type or plural serial stage tandem type, in figure, not give and drawing without bushing type water sealing (sealing water) pipe (device) device.), 35-level pressure pipe, 36-drain pipe, 37-baffle-box, 15-exhaust steam pipe, 38-goes out steam valve pipe, 16-steam, 18-chimney, 17-smoke evacuation, 39-pressure gauge with electric contact, 19-water-level gauge, the 20-pipe valve that feeds water.

Accompanying drawing 7 is the accurate normal-pressure boiler schematic diagram of flexible bladder type producing steam.

Wherein 12-boiler body, 39-pressure gauge with electric contact, 16-steam, 15-steam comb, 18-chimney, 17-smoke evacuation, the flexible capsule of 40-, 19-water-level gauge, the 20-pipe valve that feeds water.

Accompanying drawing 8 is the accurate normal-pressure boiler schematic diagram of autoamtic control type producing steam.

Wherein 12-boiler body, 26-burner, 27-flame, 41-automatic interlock control signal line, 42-smoke-fire-tube, 38-steam pipe valve, 16-steam, 18-chimney, 17-smoke evacuation, 39-pressure gauge with electric contact, 43-water level controller, 19-water level gauge, 44-feed water pump and pipe valve.

Accompanying drawing 9 is negative pressure of vacuum phase-change heat-exchange type water-heating boiler schematic diagram.

Wherein 45-internal combustion type negative pressure of vacuum drum, the water vapor under 46-vacuum state, 47-water vapor asending pipe, 48-cold water working medium, 49-vacuum-pumping tube and vacuum pump, 50-indirect heat exchanger, 51-hot water working medium, 52-condensed water decline reflow pipe, the pot water in 53-drum.

Accompanying drawing 10 is for there being (just) pressure phase change heat exchange formula water-heating boiler schematic diagram.

Wherein 54-fire grate, 55-header, 56-falling tube, 57-chimney arch, 58-water screen tube, 17-flue gas, 42-threaded flue, 48-returns cold water, and 51-goes out hot water, 59-drum, 60-heat exchanging tube, 39-pressure gauge with electric contact, 61-safety valve, 38-gas outlet valve.

Accompanying drawing 11 is the process flow diagram of collection pressurization and the high pressure pressurization of open ports steam source water vapor.

Wherein 63-opened type water vapor vapour source, 64-steam button bell-type trap, 65-connection valve pipe, 66-low pressure fan, 67-low pressure vapour storage tank (gas-distributing cylinder), 61-safety valve, 62-pressure gauge, 68-steam trap connection, 69-high pressure is pressed steam turbine, 70-plate type heat exchanger, 71-steam accumulator, 19-water-level gauge, 72-high pressure vapour storage tank.

Accompanying drawing 12 is the water vapor pressing technology schematic flow sheet in sealed mode steam and condensation water recovery system or device.Wherein 73-high pressure gas utilization unit, 68-STEAM TRAP, 65-connects pipe valve, 74-steam flash vessel, 19-water-level gauge, 75-steam pressurized machine, 76-low pressure gas utilization unit, 67-low pressure gas-distributing cylinder, 72-high pressure gas-distributing cylinder, 77-boiler, 78-boiler feed water case, 44-boiler feed pump, 79-condensated water recovering pump.

Accompanying drawing 13 is the water vapor pressing technology schematic flow sheet of boiler or steam generator.

Wherein 77-boiler or steam generator, 65-pipe valve, 67-low pressure gas-distributing cylinder, 61-safety valve, 80-by-pass valve, 62-pressure gauge, 68-steam trap connection, 69-steam pressurized machine, 71-steam accumulator, 19-water-level gauge, 72-high pressure gas-distributing cylinder.

Accompanying drawing 14 is the steam pressurized process flow diagram of producing steam (tea) normal-pressure boiler of the logical atmosphere tubular type of band.Wherein 12-steam (tea) normal-pressure boiler body, 15-exhaust steam pipe, 64-vapor collection button cover, the 81-exhaust steam pipe pole that separate alternate with steam button cover, 65-pipe valve, 75-steam pressurized machine, 82-high pressure steam.

Accompanying drawing 15 installs the water vapor pressing technology schematic flow sheet of producing steam (tea) normal-pressure boiler of air locking device formula additional for leading to air pipe end.Wherein 12-steam (tea) normal-pressure boiler body, 15-exhaust steam pipe, the side exhaust arm of separately opening on 25-exhaust steam pipe, the lightweight check valve of the air locking device formula filling on 21-exhaust steam pipe, 65-pipe valve, 75-steam pressurized machine, 82-high pressure steam.

Accompanying drawing 16 is for installing the water vapor pressing technology schematic flow sheet that opens and closes valve and axial-flow blower formula producing steam (tea) normal-pressure boiler additional in logical air pipe.Wherein 12-steam (tea) normal-pressure boiler body, 15-exhaust steam pipe, the built-in axial flow ventilating fan of 23-exhaust steam pipe, the built-in lightweight check valve of 22-, another side exhaust arm on steam exhaust pipe when 25-opens axial-flow blower, 65-pipe valve, 80-by-pass valve, 67-low pressure vapour storage tank (gas-distributing cylinder), 75-steam pressurized machine, 82-high pressure steam.

Accompanying drawing 17 is the flue gas mixing water steam pressurized process flow diagram of flame water-bath type hot water and steam normal-pressure boiler.Wherein 12-flame water-bath type hot water and steam normal-pressure boiler body, 41-automatic interlock control signal line, 84-chimney and draining steam tube, the lightweight check valve of 21-smoke evacuation exhaust steam pipe, 65-pipe valve, 75-steam pressurized machine, 83-high pressure steam and flue gas.

Accompanying drawing 18 is the accurate normal-pressure boiler water vapor of water seal tubular type producing steam pressing technology schematic flow sheet.The wherein accurate normal-pressure boiler body of 12-water seal tubular type producing steam, 33-water sealing (sealing water) pipe device, 41-automatic interlock control signal line, 38-steam supply valve pipe, 65-pipe valve, 75-steam pressurized machine, 82-high pressure steam.

Accompanying drawing 19 is flexible pocket or the accurate normal-pressure boiler water vapor of pocket type producing steam pressing technology schematic flow sheet.The wherein accurate normal-pressure boiler body of 12-flexible pocket or pocket type producing steam, 41-automatic interlock control signal line, 40-flexible pocket or bag, 15-steam comb, 65-pipe valve, 75-steam pressurized machine, 82-high pressure steam.

Accompanying drawing 20 is the accurate normal-pressure boiler water vapor of autoamtic control type producing steam pressing technology schematic flow sheet.

The wherein accurate normal-pressure boiler body of 12-autoamtic control type producing steam, 41-automatic interlock control signal line, 38-steam supply valve pipe, 65-pipe valve, 75-steam pressurized machine, 82-high pressure steam.

Accompanying drawing 21 is the water vapor pressing technology schematic flow sheet of negative pressure of vacuum phase transformation steam boiler.Wherein 12-negative pressure of vacuum phase transformation steam boiler body, 44-water supply device, 47, the 52-vapour connecting leg condensate return pipe of holding concurrently, 85-negative pressure vapor can, 49-vacuum pumping pump, 86-non-return device (manufacturing the accessory of vacuum), 46-negative pressure steam, 65-pipe valve, 75-steam pressurized machine, 82-high pressure steam.

Accompanying drawing 22 is for there being (just) to press the water vapor pressing technology schematic flow sheet of phase transformation steam boiler.

Wherein 12-has (just) to press phase transformation steam boiler body, and 87-has (just) to press steam, and 38-is for steam valve pipe, 65-pipe valve, 75-steam pressurized machine, 82-high pressure steam.

Accompanying drawing 23 is the pressing technology schematic flow sheet of contaminated water vapor after papermaking digesting slurrying.

The wherein isolated pulp material impurity of 88-, contaminated water vapor after the slurrying of 89-papermaking digesting, 90-revolves and falls separator, the water vapor that 91-separator top ejects, 65-pipe valve, 75-steam pressurized machine, 72-high pressure steam vapour storage tank (gas-distributing cylinder), 61-safety valve, 62-pressure gauge, 92-volumetric heat exchanger, 51-hot water outlet pipe valve, 48-cold water inlet pipe valve, 68-steam trap connection.

The particular content of implementing leading case technological process three parts of the present invention comprises:

1. the vapour source of water vapor or device part.Ordinary circumstance steam source refers to boiler or steam generator or steam accumulator, also has some steam to be provided by enterprise or city planting ductwork.Also has the water vapor under some specific condition, as natural terrestrial heat natural-steam field, steam fountain and steam well, also as the source of water vapor.These steam can be called primary steam.

Steam source can be to produce and live used weary steam, tail steam, waste steam or excess steam etc.The water vapor that for example power generating plant cooling tower is discharged, the steam that boiler blow-off or thermal de-aeration produce, steam discharge when cooking food or heating boiling water etc.Can also be open or sealed mode steam and condensate water recovery device in recycle-water steam and flash distillation produce secondary steam.These steam can be called secondary steam.Also can be to use clean fuel as the steam in the smoke evacuation of natural gas boiler, or the steam that contains other gas componants, can also be to process raw material material and the steam that polluted.These steam can be called pollution steam.Be exactly the generation of these steam of more than saying the source of water vapor, be just vapour source or the device of water vapor in order to the equipment of generation, collection, storage, transit steam.Here the boiler of talking about, its kind is a lot.According to using the classification of fuel or mode of heating to have fire coal, fuel oil, combustion gas, living beings, municipal waste, electric heating, industrial tail gas waste heat is the boiler such as atomic power solar energy even.There is bearing boiler according to boiler body pressure-bearing classification, normal-pressure boiler, negative pressure and have (just) to press Phase transformation boiler.There is low pressure according to boiler export vapor pressure ranking score, middle pressure, high pressure, ultrahigh pressure, subcritical, overcritical, ultra supercritical.Divide and have station boiler according to management type, industrial boiler, miniature boiler and normal-pressure hot-water boiler.Can be divided into water-heating boiler according to working medium kind, steam boiler, dual purpose steam water boiler, hot air boiler, boiler of organic heat carrier and hot tube phase change medium boiler thereof etc.There is steel boiler according to manufacturing material classification, cast iron boiler, aluminium boiler using, copper boiler and subelement are the boiler that copper, aluminium are manufactured, and every kind of metallic material has also comprised the alloy material taking it as main body.

The boiler scope of indication of the present invention is: the steam of the pressure-bearing taking water as medium in industrial boiler and dual purpose steam water boiler.Can be for example the boiler (seeing that " industrial boiler handbook " Tianjin science tech publishing house publishes the 3rd page in March, 1988) in domestic industrial steam boiler specification series, can be also small size steam boiler and small-sized dual purpose steam water boiler and small aluminum bearing boiler in " small-sized and normal-pressure hot-water boiler safety monitor specifies ".Can be the steam boiler of normal pressure, can be also the steam boiler of accurate normal pressure, can be negative pressure of vacuum Phase transformation boiler, can be also to have pressure Phase transformation boiler.The fuel of the said boiler of the present invention or mode of heating can be with above listed multiple.The material of the said boiler of the present invention can be steel, alloy steel, cast iron, aluminum, copper, or manufactured by these metallic material and alloy Integrated using thereof.The said boiler of the present invention, generally all with requisite gas-distributing cylinder, the miniature boiler yet having or automatically direct-furnish steam boiler do not have partition cylinder.The steam boiler of the said normal pressure of the present invention, can be boiler body perforate or with communicating with atmosphere connecting tube, the boiler that under any circumstance boiler body top gauge pressure is zero, the drinking water boiler for example boiling water (seeing Fig. 2).For this boiler, in order to be conducive to collect steam, can on logical air pipe, a lightweight single current be installed to valve, and leave certain interval or be provided with the fitting surface that can open flexibly at any time, can overflow according to quantity at any time with guarantee steam, reach the requirement of forbidding pressure-bearing to use.Can also make pot interior steam by too much extraction time, extraneous air can not return into boiler (seeing Fig. 3).On the automatic ash-discharging device of this principle and way and cyclone dust collector, the parts that are called air locking device are (referring to stoker's reader, labor and personnel publishing house in November, 1985, the 360th page) mutually roughly the same.Can also be special lightweight to be installed on open to atmosphere exhaust steam pipe open and close valve, steam-expelling port equivalent latus rectum should meet in " miniature boiler and normal-pressure hot-water boiler technical specifications " JB/T7985-2002,

regulation, this opens and closes valve is that outlet pipe is built-in, then coordinates the built-in axial flow steam discharge fan it under, makes steam open and close valve in the time that start is extracted and closes, the emptying loss of minimizing steam, and discharging from side exhaust pipe.Automatically open by gravity and open and close valve in the time shutting down, in maintenance pot, communicate with atmosphere (seeing Fig. 4).Can also be for example water-heating boiler with submersible burning device (seeing Fig. 5) of Direct Contact Heating formula, (referring to " oil-burning gas-fired boiler structural design and atlas ", publishing house of Xi'an Communications University, in August, 2002, the 368th page.) steam boiler that also can be used as normal pressure uses, but the quality of steam is influenced.The steam boiler of the said accurate normal pressure of the present invention can be the steam boiler (seeing Fig. 6) that water sealing (sealing water) pipe safety is installed.Water sealing (sealing water) pipe can be divided into single-stage and multistage two kinds, being divided into again without bushing type and having two kinds of bushing types of single-stage.(referring to " industrial boiler fireman reader " Tianjin science tech publishing house, September nineteen ninety, the 300th page.) can be also to separate with water vapor and atmosphere that flexible partition produces boiler, and shrink by the diastole of flexible partition, make the interior water vapor of stove and the outer atmosphere of stove in isopiestic state (seeing Fig. 7).And this barrier film is non-pressure parts, material can not bear internal stress, as long as because produced internal stress, will deformation occur and discharge.Have again, the plastics that flexible partition is rapid wear or rubber material, thus no matter diastole or contraction and too much deformation has occurred, and exceeded self tension force of barrier film, and will destroy, steam leads directly to atmosphere, thereby makes boiler always in atmospheric pressure state.Can certainly use automatic control technology, carry out interlock according to boiler load, burning, feedwater, pressure and other parameters, ensure steam boiler can work (seeing Fig. 8) under atmospheric pressure state.This is easy to realize for fuel-firing gas-firing and electrically heated boiler, also can accomplish coal fired boiler, just poor sensitivity some because the two to catch fire from combustion condition be very different.The said negative pressure of the present invention and have (just) press Phase transformation boiler, can be primigenial Japanese vacuum boiler (seeing Fig. 9), can be also its modified model.Change " airtight " formula structure of prototype into " unlatching " formula structure, adopt patented product non-return device and breathe water tank, do not need the vacuum pump of automatically controlling to produce and maintain vacuum, but automatically form and maintain a kind of degree of vacuum and water level of appropriateness by boiler operatiopn.Can also be that have (just) that safety valve pressure table has been installed pressed Phase transformation boiler (seeing Figure 10).Working pressure in pot can be from micro-vacuum (negative pressure) gauge pressure-0.03MPa to low malleation 0.2MPa or malleation 0.4MPa, and saturated-steam temperature is 90 DEG C to 134 DEG C or 152 DEG C.And these pressure can constantly change (referring to " boilers and pressure vessel safety technique ", the 7th page of the 4th phase in 2003.) steam of the Phase transformation boiler that refers to when only this is invented, not heat transferring medium, but working medium.Can feed water to boiler, then output is steam.So accordingly and opinion, if if keep negative pressure state in stove, also must vacuumize measure, or with vacuum pump or rely on being extracted in a large number of steam and make a pot interior negative pressure.So say technically, the steam boiler of negative-pressure vacuum phase-transformation type can be realized and move.It is also equivalent to use under altitude environment, can produce the uncovered atmospheric tea boiler of steam.And said have (just) press Phase transformation boiler with present pressure steam boiler without large difference, only the former original balanced draft boiler does not consume a pot water quantity of heat given up, and the latter need continuous supplementary feed export steam.In addition, owing to constantly negative-pressure vacuum Phase transformation boiler being fed water to produce steam, if the in the situation that, vacuum pump malfunctioning in control being out of control, all easily make to change normal pressure or malleation into by negative pressure in drum, the working state of this kind of boiler is constantly changed between negative pressure, normal pressure, micro positive pressure, malleation.Also to particularly point out, if the steam producing amount of boiler with output steam flow can average out or equate, also can make boiler remain on for a long time the working state of normal pressure.So negative pressure steam boiler used in the present invention also can be changed use under negative pressure, normal pressure and three kinds of different operating modes of pressure-bearing.And this is also to use after the present invention, feature that phase transformation steam boiler has or advantage.The steam generator that the present invention says is compared with boiler, and equipment volume is less, and structure is relatively simple, and steam producing amount is also less, and actual is a kind of miniature boiler.The fuel and the also cleaner convenience of mode of heating that use.Mainly with combustion gas, electric energy, even burning alcohol, also useful coal and oil or use biomass fuel for example firewood, can also be solar energy, can also be even heat transfer heat pipe heating, heat exchanger coiled pipe heating, heat pump.It is high that working pressure is not so good as general boiler.It is also more single that body is manufactured material, can be steel, can be cast iron, can be also aluminum, can also be made of copper, can be manufactured by a kind of metal, also can be manufactured by more than one metal composite, can also be made up of alloy material.Steam generator can be specific installation, also can be the part of certain unit, as decontamination that can be fixed or movable or the camping equipment of heating.

2. the vapour compression unit part of water vapor.Ordinary circumstance refers to special pressure steam turbine tool and associated ping valve and annex that steam is pressurizeed.The various ventilators that for example use in refrigeration engineering, compressor, pump class, the device etc. that boosts of the injection in industrial production, can use or directly use or use through transformation.According to a book introduction " Refrigeration Principle & Equipment " (China Machine Press's in July, 2006), from working principle classification, refrigeration compressor can be divided into volume type and velocity profile two classes.Volume type includes two kinds of reciprocating piston type and rotary types.And rotary type comprises rolling-piston-type, sliding vane, single screw type, double-screw type, vortex type.Velocity profile includes centrifugal, also includes axial flow.Along with the progress of technology, simple in structure and more energy-conservation compressor, pump class also can constantly occur, need understand in time and use selectively.Motor and the annular compressor that is integrated of compressor introduced as the 3rd phase of " heating and refrigerating " magazine calendar year 2001, the electromagnetic heat pump that mechanical energy and heat energy provide simultaneously etc.It can also be injection type compressor.

The compressor of every type can be selected type or the working method of single stage compression, also can select type or the working method of multistage compression, for example secondary or three grades of centrifugal units of compression.Sometimes in order to ensure steam quality, prevent oil pollution, therefore should will be allowed a choice to compressor.For example can use reciprocating pump, diaphragm pump or centrifugal compressor.Have, ensure tightly to reduce wear in order to reduce noise, the even parts of some element part of compressor, can adopt heat-resistant antifriction endurance, and resilient rubber or engineering plastics are manufactured, for example the blower of Roots pump formula, induced draught fan.

For using lower-powered vapor tension steam turbine, power can be electronic, can be also steam, can be also pneumatic, can be artificial, can also hold power, can be wind-force, can be also waterpower.This point is for being suitable in rural area or small-scale production condition situation.

3. water vapor distributes storage or operative installations part.Ordinary circumstance refers to gas-distributing cylinder, accumulator, vapour storage tank, knock out drum, and use equipment refers to heater, heat exchanger, the radiator of all kinds of models.For example digester, roaster, baking paper cylinder, baking blanket cylinder, exsiccator, pressurizer, warmer, moisture maintainer, heating water boiler, oxygen-eliminating device, sterilizer, sterilizer, washing apparatus, fermenting tub, autoclave, distiller, steamer, steam hammer, steam pump, refrigerator, Central Air-Conditioner, heat pump, air heater, radiator, heat exchanging tube, heating pipe, sparger etc.These distribution storages or operative installations can be the independent uses of every kind, can be also supporting the use of mutually combining.

Certainly, between above three introduced parts, must be aided with after interconnective pipeline valve instrument safety annex and automatic control device, could form an overall unit and system, also could normal work and use.This part can be considered as three parts, and itself is own separately, also can be regarded as outside this three part, or can be described as equipment or the device of Part IV.

Two, various practical plan of the present invention can have following several selection:

1. general approach of the present invention is, shown in Figure 11, the water vapor that the steam source of open ports 63 is produced, first with steam button cover trap 64, pass through again connection valve pipe 65, use low pressure fan 66 to collect in the mode of suction and pressurization the case that is stored in steel, cabinet, cylinder, tank, ball, manage for example low pressure vapour storage tank (gas-distributing cylinder) 67, or the capsule of plastic cement system, bag, in the containers such as bag, press steam turbine 69 to be connected with pipe-line system and high pressure again, and then by after pressing steam turbine that steam is compressed and boosted, the last use equipment of also sending into steam with pipe-line system is again as plate type heat exchanger 70, or steam accumulator 71 and high pressure vapour storage tank 72 the insides.

The steam producing amount that this scheme is applicable to steam seedbed is large, but the lower situation of vapor pressure.The vapor-recovery system of for example open type, the recycling of the steam of natural terrestrial heat natural-steam field, boiling spring and steam well, the Steam Recovery of generating cooling tower, weary steam, tail steam, waste steam or the excess steam etc. of heating raw material production.Also can be used for the scattered shape steam of low pressure of the raw steam of sudden strain of a muscle, boiler blow-off or the thermal de-aeration generation of condensed water.

In order to reach the efficient operation of equipment, while collecting steam, can add and load onto ventilator as the first order, ventilator can adopt blower also can use induced draught fan.So both can before ventilator machine, produce negative pressure, be conducive to the collection of steam.Can after ventilator, produce again the malleation of certain numerical value, be conducive to steam and enter the pressure-increasing machine entrance the inside as the second level, the manufacturing procedure that gains and formally pressurizeed in steam using barotropic state.

This kind of scheme can be used centrifugal impeller type to press steam turbine to compress processing to water vapor, large to be applicable to flow, can reach hundreds of, thousands of even tens thousand of cubic meters per hour; The amplitude of boosting is not high, and logical (drawing) blower fan is generally at 0.01MPa, and blower is generally at 0.2MPa.Also can use single-stage for example three grades of centrifugal units of compression above, can obtain than single-stage blower or the high several times of induced draught fan and steam working pressure (SWP) more than decades of times.

In order to meet normal use and maintenance and the operation of equipment, should be in the storage of pipe-line system and steam thereof with valve and the steam trap connections such as necessary stop valve, safety check, modulating valve, safety valve, reduction valve are installed on container.Also answer setting pressure table thermometer and water level gauge etc. in order to monitor operating mode.Further, in order to accomplish economic science operation, can add to load onto the automatic control device chain with the parameter such as pressure, temperature or flow, accomplish automatic start-stop and the safety protection of Steam Recovery and pressurization system.Certainly, the design and installation of whole system, should realistic operating conditions demand and relevant industries design standard specification.For example there is the place that condensed water accumulates that steam trap connection should be installed; For preventing the opposing steam flow after supercharging, safety check should be installed; If pipeline and container use in pressure-bearing, answer the regulation requirement of pressing force pipeline and pressurized container, install safety valve; And for workflow and maintenance need, all kinds of switches at various positions and the installation of control valve are more absolutely necessary.

2. better scheme of the present invention is, shown in Figure 12, the condensed water being produced by high pressure gas utilization unit 73 is through STEAM TRAP 68, entering sealed mode carbonated drink recovering device by connection pipe valve 65 is steam flash vessel 74, flash-off steam is after 75 pressurizations of steam pressurized machine, can enter low pressure gas-distributing cylinder 67, also can enter high pressure gas-distributing cylinder 72, and then give low pressure gas utilization unit 76 and use.Condensed water in steam flash vessel can be sent into boiler 77 or send among boiler feed water case 78 with condensate pump 79.

At this moment handling object is aimed at the steam share part in sealed mode steam and condensation water recovery system or device, and sets it as steam source and carry out pressure treatment.This reclaiming system is because water vapor relative quantity is less, even if there is the generation of secondary flash steam, quantity is also limited, but normally condensed water accounts for the overwhelming majority, at this moment can adopt the few and pressure steam turbine that boost value is large of each pressure vapour amount.So the compressor on air-conditioning and the heat pump of general cooling and heating can be used.In order to reduce greasy dirt, can use reciprocating pump, diaphragm pump or centrifugal compressor.The same with the first scheme, be between water vapor vapour source part, the pressurized part of water vapor, water vapor storage or this three part of use part, application pipe-line system is connected, and be equipped with necessary various valve instruments and automatic controller, accomplish both to meet the various needs of actual motion, meet again the standard specification of country about specialties such as Heating,Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC), plumbing, Heat Supply Engineering, Mechanicac Engineering and Automations.

In this scheme technology, carry out pressure treatment owing to constantly extracting steam, can make the secondary steam in this sealed mode steam and condensation water recovery system or device constantly produce, thereby can make the corresponding minimizing of storage of condensed water.Therefore should consider to coordinate mutually with the recycling of condensed water, can, by the mode that staggers or be interrupted work, also can carry out procedure auto-control, accomplish unlikelyly interact and disturb.

3. the reasonable scheme of the present invention is, shown in Figure 13, by the steam of boiler 77 or steam generator 77 or steam accumulator generation, enter low pressure gas-distributing cylinder 67 through pipe valve 65, and then enter steam pressurized machine 69 and pressurize, then high pressure steam enters steam accumulator 71 again or enters high pressure gas-distributing cylinder 72.What by-pass valve 80 played act as, steam can be directly from boiler to pressuring machine and needn't enter again or flow out gas-distributing cylinder.

The source taking boiler or steam generator as steam, and whole or a part of steam of its output are carried out to mechanical compress processing, thereby obtain being in a ratio of the more water vapor of high pressure values with the rated working pressure parameter of former boiler or steam generator outlet, to meet the new vapour needs of using of applying unit.This scheme is the same with above two schemes, remains three parts that are divided into vapour source, compressing, storage or directly use vapour, and is connected with pipe-line system, equipped various valves, safety component, instrument and automatic interlock device.The design and installation of this scheme system, the each professional standard of country of mentioning, also should meet some standard regulations of relevant boiler aspect in should meeting above two schemes.

Feature or the advantage of this scheme be, the one, and because steam is from boiler or steam generator, steam is sufficient stable.The 2nd, for example start and stop operation of the working state of steam source equipment, the load of exerting oneself, can carry out chain with vapour compression machine or compression set.Especially utilize the steam boiler of electric energy heating, can also realize automatic control, namely unmanned.The 3rd, increase pressurization device and can utilize existing gas-distributing cylinder or steam pipework, easily.Finally needn't carry out exactly increase-volume or change the equipment such as boiler, just can obtain the primary steam of elevated pressures value, having met productive life needs, having excavated equipment potential, having reduced overlapping investment.This is all suitable for for the general vapour unit that uses.

4. the best scheme of the present invention is all kinds as shown in Figure 14 to Figure 22.Utilize boiler or the steam generator of low-pressure parameter, for example the nominal steam pressure in " steam boiler safety and technical supervision code " is less than or equal to the boiler of 0.1MPa; Small-sized dual purpose steam water boiler in " small-sized and normal-pressure hot-water boiler safety monitor regulation " (rated capacity is no more than 0.5 ton/hour, nominal steam pressure and is no more than the boiler of 0.04 MPa), small size steam boiler (water capacity is no more than 50 liters and rated pressure and is no more than the steam boiler of 0.7 MPa), small aluminum bearing boiler (manufacture by body aluminium prepared material, specified outlet vapor pressure is no more than 0.04 MPa, and rated capacity is no more than the boiler of 0.2 ton/hour); The steam boiler that body makes cylinder iron or copper product is manufactured in addition etc., belong to the boiler of pressure-bearing character, or even normal pressure or accurate atmospheric steam boiler, or negative-pressure vacuum phase transition heat or accurate negative pressure or have the boiler of (just) pressure phase change heat exchange, producing steam originates as steam, and then it is improved to the pressure parameter of steam with pressurized equipment or device, finally store again or come into operation.The connection of three parts and control mode and standard-required thereof are substantially the same.

Boiler now or steam generator, just played the effect that water is become to the phase transformation generating means of steam, and the saturated vapor pressure obtaining and temperature thereof are not high, therefore the fuel consuming is few, temperature of exhaust fume is also lower.And the rising of vapor pressure is mainly completed by vapour compression machine.This is very suitable for small-scale with the unit of vapour.

Now several forms of implementation of this scheme are described below:

(1) atmospheric steam boiler, for example, to the tea boiler shown in Fig. 2, shown in Figure 14, can be placed on vapor collection button cover 64 outlet port of open to atmosphere outlet pipe 15, and leaves interval with interval pole 81, to ensure and being communicated with of atmosphere.Then use pipe valve 65 to be connected with steam pressurized machine 75 on button cover 64, the water vapor that so just drinking water boiler can be produced is collected compression and is processed, and obtains high pressure steam 82.

(2) with above atmospheric steam tea water boiler, exhaust steam pipe shown in Fig. 3 is exported, shown in Figure 15, install the lightweight check valve 21 of an air locking device formula additional, at this moment can open in valve bottom a lateral row steam bypass duct 25, and be connected with steam pressurized machine 75 with pipe valve 65 thus, obtain high pressure steam 82.When steam pumping, check valve 21 cuts out automatically, can prevent that atmosphere from flowing backwards into boiler, does not shut down while not drawing gas and can ensure again exhaust steam, makes boiler in normal pressure.

(3) to the atmospheric steam tea water boiler shown in Fig. 4, situation by the agency of is clear.Shown in Figure 16, while opening built-in axial flow ventilating fan 23 when need extraction steam, the kinetic energy of vapor stream becomes pressure energy, the built-in lightweight check valve 22 of outlet pipe cuts out automatically, thereby force steam to flow into low pressure vapour storage tank (gas-distributing cylinder) 67 through bypass duct 25, or enter steam pressurized machine 75 through by-pass valve 80 and compress processing, obtain high pressure steam 82.In the time that axial flow ventilating fan 23 is shut down, lightweight check valve 22 is opened automatically by gravity, makes boiler normal pressure to ensure steam to lead in atmosphere.

(4) to being the water-heating boiler with submersible burning device shown in Fig. 5, the hot water producing due to it accumulates in boiler bottom for extracting out, and a large amount of water vapors can be recycled, only affect using scope containing being mixed with the flue gas after burning, therefore be generally used for heat recovery.Its recovery method is basic identical with (2), is also that the double exhaust steam pipe of smoke evacuation top has installed lightweight check valve additional.Shown in Figure 17, the top of chimney and draining steam tube 84 has installed a lightweight check valve 21 additional, and flue gas steam is by the opposite side on comb 84 to branch road opening, and valve 65 enters steam pressurized machine 75 by the road, finally obtains high pressure mixing gas 83.For the coordination of working, interlock with signaling line 41 to pressuring machine, burner and feed water pump.

(5) to the accurate atmospheric steam boiler shown in Fig. 6, shown in Figure 18, owing to having used water sealing (sealing water) pipe, boiler internal steam has certain malleation, therefore can be by steam directly from steam supply valve pipe 38, send into steam pressurized machine 75 with pipe valve 65, carry out the compression processing of steam, obtain high pressure steam 82.In order to reach Economy, the validity of work, pressure gauge with electric contact and steam pressurized machine 75 use signaling lines 41 can be interlocked mutually, to realize automatic control.

(6), to the accurate atmospheric steam boiler shown in Fig. 7, owing to having used flexible partition, in pot, can there is the fluctuation of normal pressure micro positive pressure or micro-negative pressure.Now similar with (5) scheme, shown in Figure 19, water vapor can directly pass through steam comb 15 and pipe valve 65, enters steam pressurized machine 75 by steam pressurized processing, finally obtains high pressure steam 82.The same signaling line 41 that also used, interlocks pressure gauge with electric contact and steam pressurized machine 75 mutually.But the pressure control range of pressure gauge with electric contact, could determine through practical measurement, to ensure the normal safety of flexible partition and to reduce the number of times destroying.

(7) to the accurate atmospheric steam boiler shown in Fig. 8, shown in Figure 20, owing to having used automatic interlock control signal line 41, make burning machine, feed water pump, water level controller, pressure gauge with electric contact and 75 co-ordinations of steam pressurized machine, ensure that boiler is in basic normal pressure.But the control element that it relates to is more, except pressure, also have the factors such as water level, feedwater, burning, fuel, all carry out interlocked control, wherein topmost or pressure and burning, fuel.The many possible breakdowns of element that relate to are also more, but say from another point of view, also just more increased its Security, as long as because there is any one problem, boiler all can be stopped transport.Similar with above (5), (6) scheme, can, by steam through 38 and 65 of system of pipe and valve, directly deliver to steam pressurized machine 75 and carry out pressure treatment, obtain high pressure steam 82.

(8) the negative-pressure vacuum phase transition heat boiler to Fig. 9, shown in Figure 21, owing to having used vacuum pumping pump 49 or non-return device 86, make formation negative pressure in pot, vapor pressure is also very low, owing to pressing the pumping action of steam turbine, evaporates fast water level and declines also just fast, therefore need with water supply device 44 continuous supplementary feed in time, this has in essence different from the water-heating boiler of negative-pressure vacuum phase transition heat.Sometimes because vacuumize, the interacting of steam pumping and burning or feedwater, also may make to occur in pot normal pressure or malleation.But under normal circumstances, this type of furnace should be negative pressure state work.Similar with (5), (6), (7) scheme, also can be directly carry out pressure treatment from extracting steam with steam pressurized machine 75 in boiler, obtain high pressure steam 82.Wherein the vapour connecting leg condensate ruturn pipe 47,52 of holding concurrently has dual functions, and negative pressure vapor can 85 also has the steam-water separator of playing a part.

(9) the Pressurized phase change boiler to Figure 10, is using this invention technical, with pressure steam boiler without what too large difference.But due to interacting of same steam pumping, burning or feedwater, also may make to occur in pot normal pressure or negative pressure.But under normal circumstances, this type of furnace should be barotropic state work, and continuous supplementary feed.Shown in Figure 22, similar with (5), (6), (7), (8) scheme, also can be directly from pot by the road valve 38,65 extract out and have (just) to press steam 87, deliver in steam pressurized machine 75 and carry out pressure treatment, obtain high pressure steam 82.

Should emphasize, the negative pressure in form of implementation (8), (9) of this scheme and have pressure steam boiler, should be the same with general steam boiler, installs necessary water level and show control device, in case there is depletion, causes the accident.

5. the scheme that the present invention is special is for being subject to polluting but quantity is many and stable, and the water vapor with considerable energy is used for the occasion of recycling.If any boiler use clean fuel, in smoke evacuation, contain a large amount of water vapors, the contaminated steam after heating raw material, also can with compression process way be reclaimed.The pollution steam of the elevated pressures after recovery can use as heat exchange or heating, and the thermal source that also can be used as heat pump uses.The pressure and temperature that not only can improve these water vapors is reclaimed in pressurization, and maximum benefit is owing to having reduced vapour volume, has also just reduced the floor space of its storage facilities.The apparatus that pressurization is reclaimed and the technical requirements of relevant subsystem are also equal to above several scheme substantially.But note the permissive of etching problem, hygienic requirements and the environmental conditions of pollutant in this steam.This is very practical for carrying out heat recovery energy-saving.For example, shown in Figure 23, contaminated water vapor 89 after papermaking digesting slurrying, enters to revolve and falls separator 90, removes pulp material impurity 88, obtain separator top water vapor 91 out, enter pressurization in steam pressurized machine 75 through pipe valve 65, finally enter in high pressure steam vapour storage tank 72, because contaminated restriction is used, can in volumetric heat exchanger 92, exchange by heat entering, also can continue reuse boiling and manufacture paper pulp.Certainly annex safety valve 61, pressure gauge 62 and steam trap connection 68 etc. are all that essential phase configuration is complete.

Claims (4)

1. the processing method before a water vapor use, the source of water vapor comprises the juvenile water steam of boiler or steam generator or steam pipe system or ground hot spring, well, or used or not yet used, and the recycled water steam of process recovery

It is characterized in that,

Utilize machinery or device to carry out pressure treatment to water vapor, obtain the high-pressure water vapor that volume-diminished, pressure and temperature parameter have improved, enter afterwards next step storage or distribute use operation,

The described water vapor that carries out pressure treatment, comprise Boiler Steam, steam generator steam, steam accumulator steam, the steam that enterprise or municipal official website provide, geothermal field steam, ground hot spring steam, geothermal well steam, weary steam, tail steam, waste steam, excess steam, power generating plant cooling tower steam, boiler blow-off steam, thermal de-aeration steam, the steam that cooking food or heating boiling water are discharged, steam in condensate water recovery device, secondary flash steam, use the steam in the boiler exhaust gas of clean fuel, the steam that contains other gas componants, process raw material, material and the steam that polluted,

Wherein, described machinery or device include low pressure steam source or generating means and pressure and show that control device, steam pressurized device and pressure show that control device, high pressure steam distribute storage operative installations and pressure to show control device,

Said apparatus or equipment, according to the technological process of the low pressure of water vapor, pressurization, high pressure conditions, by pipeline, valve, safety attachment, measuring instrument and automatic controller, be connected and become a set of work system,

Described low pressure steam source or steam raising plant comprise steam boiler, dual purpose steam water boiler, steam generator, steam pipe system, disperse, water vapor and the gathering-device of uncovered, emptying state, used water vapor, secondary flash steam, the water vapor being polluted and recovering device, process raw material, water vapor and segregating unit after material

Described dispersion, the collection device of water vapor of uncovered emptying state comprise steam button bell-type trap, low pressure fan, low pressure vapour storage tank,

Described low pressure fan entry end connects steam button bell-type trap, and its outlet end connects low pressure vapour storage tank,

Described steam pressurized device comprises displacement type compressor, presses steam turbine and velocity profile compressor, presses steam turbine,

Described displacement type compressor, pressure steam turbine are divided into reciprocating piston type, rotary type, and rotary type comprises again rolling-piston-type, sliding vane, single screw type, double-screw type, eddy type type,

Described velocity profile compressor, gas compressor, comprise centrifugal, axial flow, is divided into single-stage, secondary, three grades of body adapteds,

Described high pressure steam distributes storage or operative installations, comprises sub-cylinder, vapour storage tank, and steam buffer device, steam accumulator, heat exchanger, heater, radiator, oxygen-eliminating device, sterilizer, fermenting tub, autoclave, steamer, refrigerator, heat pump,

The entrance of described steam pressurized device machine, with the outlet of vapour storage tank or the steam boiler in low pressure steam source, is connected with pipeline, and its outlet and high pressure steam distribute and store or the entrance of operative installations, be connected with pipeline,

Described safety attachment, measuring instrument and automatic controller, be installed on respectively low pressure steam source or generating means and pressure and show that control device, steam pressurized device and pressure show that control device, high pressure steam distribute storage operative installations and pressure to show on control device;

Described steam boiler, dual purpose steam water boiler are steam boiler, the dual purpose steam water boiler of various pressure-bearing types,

Described steam boiler, dual purpose steam water boiler, divide according to heating source, comprises coal fired boiler, oil-burning gas-fired boiler, and biomass fuel boiler, municipal waste boiler, exhaust gas heat recovery boiler, electrically heated boiler, atomic power solar boiler,

Described steam boiler, dual purpose steam water boiler, divide according to manufacturing material, comprises steel boiler, cast iron boiler, and aluminium boiler using, copper boiler,

The steam boiler of described various pressure-bearing types, dual purpose steam water boiler, comprise bearing boiler, accurate normal-pressure boiler, normal-pressure boiler, balanced draft boiler, negative/positive pressure boiler;

Wherein, the logical air pipe of described atmospheric steam boiler, normal pressure dual purpose steam water boiler is provided with for extracting steam vapor collection device used, automatic shut-off block, drawing gas/steam exhaust device,

Described vapor collection device, automatic shut-off block or draw gas/steam exhaust device, comprise that vapor collection button cover, single current are to valve, built-in axial flow pump drainage vapour fan, row's steam tube interface,

Described vapor collection button cover is installed on logical air pipe outlet, and the two separates gap with pole, and the outer pipe of button cover is as row's steam tube, and this pipe is connected with steam pressurized machine entrance,

Described single current is installed on the mouth of pipe of logical air pipe to valve, have row's steam tube interface on logical atmosphere body, and the steam tube that this interface tube is installed is connected with steam pressurized machine entrance,

Described built-in axial flow pump drainage vapour fan and single current are all installed on logical air pipe inside to valve, according to the flow direction of exhaust steam, axial flow pump drainage vapour is fanned front, single current to valve rear, logical air pipe position between the two has row's steam tube interface, and the steam tube that this interface tube is installed is connected with steam pressurized machine entrance.

2. according to processing method claimed in claim 1,

Wherein, described oil-burning gas-fired boiler is normal-pressure boiler,

Or described oil-burning gas-fired boiler is flame water-bath type water-heating boiler,

Described normal-pressure boiler, its structure is, on boiler chimney mouth, single current is installed to valve, has the discharge tube of arm as flue gas and vapor mixing vapour on chimney stack, this pipe is connected with steam pressurized machine entrance.

3. according to processing method claimed in claim 1,

Wherein, described accurate normal-pressure boiler has installed pressure gauge with electric contact additional, mutually chain with steam pressurized machine through automatic linkage control signal line,

Described accurate normal-pressure boiler comprises the boiler with water sealing (sealing water) pipe device, with the boiler of flexible membrane, pouch device, and the boiler of the mutually chain automatic control device of multinomial working state with pressure, water level, feedwater, burning, fuel.

4. according to processing method claimed in claim 1,

Wherein, described negative/positive pressure boiler makes boiler reach negative pressure by extracting steam,

Described negative/positive pressure boiler is conversion operation between negative pressure, normal pressure, accurate normal pressure and four kinds of different operating modes of pressure-bearing,

The described steam being extracted, sends into by the road pressuring machine and pressurizes.

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