CN102121519B - Double-conical surface locking pin type inertia synchronizer speed changing box for commercial vehicle - Google Patents
Double-conical surface locking pin type inertia synchronizer speed changing box for commercial vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN102121519B CN102121519B CN201010003158.6A CN201010003158A CN102121519B CN 102121519 B CN102121519 B CN 102121519B CN 201010003158 A CN201010003158 A CN 201010003158A CN 102121519 B CN102121519 B CN 102121519B
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of double-conical surface locking pin type inertia synchronizer speed changing box for commercial vehicle, on main tank two axle of change speed gear box and odd-side two axle, institute's dress lock unit is double-cone lock pin type inertial synchronizer, and its core is: 1) two vital parts of this lock unit: the synchronous working surface of cone of friction dish and friction conical ring is Double-conical-surface。Synchronization friction pair in work is two, and produced synchronous torque is 1.7 times of traditional locks pin inertia synchronizer, and change speed gear box guarantee mileage also increases accordingly。2) owing to cone of friction dish has axial location, change speed gear box does not fall gear。3) positioning lock location to friction conical ring, have employed the small-gap suture of kidney-shaped locating slot location, the continuous lock pin of lock unit。4) employing of this form lock unit makes change speed gear box have big structure space, and oil temperature is under control。5) cone of friction dish is as consumable accessory, the more reasonable structure of lock unit。6) described change speed gear box has much lower manufacturing cost than lock ring type non-clashing gear set。
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of commercial car change speed gear box。
Background technology:
At present, domestic and international commercial vehicle change speed gear box, a kind of change speed gear box being to adopt lockpin-type inertia synchronizer, for instance: EQ1090E type automobile five keeps off change speed gear box；A kind of change speed gear box being to adopt lock ring type inertia synchronizer, for instance: DFL1311A1 type east wind Gekko Swinhonis nine keeps off change speed gear box, then to have a kind of be exactly the change speed gear box of two kinds of inertia synchronizer dual-purposes, for instance: ZK6608 type Yitong Passenger Train Co five keeps off change speed gear box。
For adopting the change speed gear box of traditional lockpin-type inertia synchronizer, the synchronization friction pair that lock unit friction conical ring forms with cone of friction dish is single conical surface, and its synchronizing torque capacity is certain, and service life also can only 8-10 ten thousand kilometers。And the lock unit of this kind of form is due to the problem of disconnected lock pin, falls gear problem and annoying domestic and international automobile gearbox manufacturer all always, produce, to making manufacturer both domestic and external all transfer, the change speed gear box adopting lock ring type inertia synchronizer。
Adopt lock ring type inertia synchronizer, short despite axial distance, after adopting bipyramid and many cones, lock unit torque capacity has lifting by a relatively large margin, the advantage that the guarantee reason journey of change speed gear box extends to some extent, but the employing of lock ring type inertia synchronizer substantially increases the manufacturing cost of change speed gear box。Also just because of the compact conformation of lock ring type inertia synchronizer so that the radiating effect of change speed gear box is bad, the oil temperature of change speed gear box raises the easy scaling loss of bearing causing change speed gear box, sealing member premature aging, inefficacy。What is more, for cost declining, and most change speed gear box producers, less than 0.1 millimeter adopted, the synchronous ring of wide square surface sprayed molybdenum, result in lock ring type inertia synchronizer early stage and burn ring, later stage torque capacity is not enough, and synchronous effect problem that is not good or that do not synchronize occurs repeatedly。
Summary of the invention:
Follow in Eaton of the U.S. for the problems referred to above and domestic many change speed gear box manufacturers, the practical situation of lock ring type inertia synchronizer change speed gear box is produced after Chai Fu company of Germany, through exploration for many years, effort, the present invention proposes double-conical surface locking pin type inertia synchronizer speed changing box for commercial vehicle。
Technical scheme is as follows: double-conical surface locking pin type inertia synchronizer speed changing box for commercial vehicle, it is characterised in that: the lock unit in change speed gear box is double-cone lock pin type inertial synchronizer。
Described double-cone lock pin type inertial synchronizer has two kinds of technical schemes, specific as follows。
The first technical scheme: the structure of described double-cone lock pin type inertial synchronizer is: be shaped with large and small two inner conical surfaces on cone of friction dish, large and small two inner conical surfaces are shaped with ring-type trapezoidal groove, matched friction conical ring is shaped with large and small two male cone (strobilus masculinus)s, large and small two male cone (strobilus masculinus)s are smooth surface, cone of friction dish is that Double-conical-surface coordinates with coordinating of friction conical ring, cone of friction dish is axially positioned by spring collar, and the location of friction conical ring is to be coordinated by the small-gap suture between alignment pin with the kidney-shaped locating slot being shaped with on friction conical ring to realize。
The second technical scheme: the structure of described double-cone lock pin type inertial synchronizer is: be shaped with large and small two inner conical surfaces on cone of friction dish, large and small two inner conical surfaces are smooth surface, matched friction conical ring is shaped with large and small two male cone (strobilus masculinus)s, large and small two male cone (strobilus masculinus)s are shaped with ring-type trapezoidal groove；Cone of friction dish is that Double-conical-surface coordinates with coordinating of friction conical ring, and cone of friction dish is axially positioned by spring collar, and the location of friction conical ring is to be coordinated by the small-gap suture between alignment pin with the kidney-shaped locating slot being shaped with on friction conical ring to realize。
Further improvement to the second technical scheme: described cone of friction dish is that gear doubles as, and large and small two inner conical surfaces of gear are smooth surface。
Beneficial effect:
1, described change speed gear box, bipyramid lock ring type non-clashing gear set widely used both at home and abroad relatively at present have higher lock unit torque capacity (being about 1.3: 1) but because synchronizer structure is simple and reliable, but not have dropped 3 one hundred to one thousand 5 one hundred yuan not etc. for whole change speed gear box cost。
2, described change speed gear box due to lock unit cone of friction dish and friction conical ring be Double-conical-surface, the synchronization friction pair produced between them is two, thus the torque capacity of lock unit is 1.7 times of current lockpin-type inertia synchronizer usual both at home and abroad, lock unit too increases 70% service life, too increases 70% (the guarantee mileage of change speed gear box is to be determined) by the lock unit assembly of rapid wear most in change speed gear box to the guarantee mileage making change speed gear box。The shift time of change speed gear box is shorter simultaneously, and operator is more light。
3, gear problem is fallen due to what double-cone lock pin type inertial synchronizer added that the axially location (spring collar location) to cone of friction dish has been inherently eliminated current lockpin-type inertia synchronizer change speed gear box usual both at home and abroad。
4, due to double-cone lock pin type inertial synchronizer, the location of friction conical ring is by alignment pin and the kidney-shaped locating slot location on friction conical ring by alignment pin, end gap and sideshake between them all control at 0.1～0.25 millimeter, the problem that described change speed gear box does not exist disconnected lock pin。
5, being do basic part with gear owing to also serving as the form of cone of friction dish divided by gear, friction conical ring does outside consumable accessory, and the lock unit of other forms is all cone of friction dish is consumable accessory, and friction conical ring is basic part。Synchromous device of gearbox of the present invention is because consumable accessory is beyond after allowing wear range timeliness。What car owner's needs changed is no longer lock unit assembly, but changes cone of friction dish, thus saves 80% expense for car owner。
6, owing to double-cone lock pin type inertial synchronizer has the advantages that simple in construction, space are big, be conducive to the Oil-temperature control of change speed gear box, it is to avoid adopt the appearance of TOT Transmission Oil Temperature height that bipyramid lock ring type non-clashing gear set exists, burn bearing, sealing member easy problem of aging。
7, due to cone of friction dish adopt be SDQT500-4 ductile cast iron material, the cost of change speed gear box declines further。
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the assembly sectional view of eight gear change speed gear boxes。
Fig. 2 is the amplification view of three, four, seven, eight gear lock unit assemblies shown in Fig. 1。
Fig. 3 is along A-A partial sectional view in Fig. 2。
Fig. 4 is the work relationship figure in Fig. 2 in conjunction with tooth set with lock pin。
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of core part cone of friction dish 14-1 (11-1,8-1) of the present invention in Fig. 2, Figure 10, Figure 12。
Fig. 6 is along A-A sectional view in Fig. 5。
Fig. 7 is the enlarged partial sectional view of the ring-type trapezoidal groove that large and small two inner conical surfaces of cone of friction dish in Fig. 6 are along the circumferential direction shaped with。
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of another core part of the present invention in Fig. 2, Figure 10, Figure 12, friction conical ring 14-2 (11-2,8-2)。
Fig. 9 is along A-A sectional view in Fig. 8。
Figure 10 is the amplification view of one, two, five, six gear lock unit assemblies in Fig. 1。
Figure 11 is along A-A partial sectional view in Figure 10。
Figure 12 is the amplification view of odd-side high to low gear lock unit assembly in Fig. 1。
Detailed description of the invention:
For the eight gear change speed gear boxes with odd-side, Fig. 1 is the assembly sectional view of eight gear change speed gear boxes, and the assembly of change speed gear box generallys include: an axle assembly 1, two axle assemblies 2, upper cap assembly 3, top cover assembly 4, Pneumatic shift assembly 5, odd-side 6, output shaft assembly 7, odd-side high to low gear lock unit assembly 8, odd-side countershaft assembly 9, reverse gear shaft assembly 10, one, two, five, six gear lock unit assemblies 11, main tank countershaft assembly 12, main tank 13 and three, four, seven, eight gear lock unit assemblies 14。
The structure that lock unit assembly illustrates the lock unit assembly of the present invention is kept off below for the change speed gear box three, four, seven, eight shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9。Lock unit assembly, including two cone of friction dish 14-1 (as shown in Figure 2) having large and small two inner conical surfaces, 14-1-1 and 14-1-2 in figure 6 indicates the ring-type trapezoidal groove along the circumferential direction being shaped with on large and small two inner conical surfaces of two cone of friction dish 14-1 as shown in Figure 7,14-1-3 then indicates and is shaped with internal spline on cone of friction dish 14-1, and cone of friction dish 14-1 is consumable accessory；Part based on two friction conical ring 14-2 with matching, 14-2-1 and the 14-2-2 in Fig. 9 indicates that large and small two male cone (strobilus masculinus)s being shaped with on it are smooth surface, is shaped with the oil scupper 14-2-5 for oil extraction along the conical surface is oblique；14-2-3 and 14-2-4 in Fig. 9 specifies respectively and is also formed respectively with lock pin riveted holes and kidney-shaped locating slot on two friction conical ring 14-2。Cone of friction dish 14-1 is separately fixed on the spline gear of gear 14-5 and gear 14-9 with internal spline 14-1-3 and the spring collar 14-8 being shaped with on it, rotates with gear。Friction conical ring 14-2 with matching, 3 lock pin 14-6 uniform on it and 3 alignment pin 14-3 are connected with in conjunction with tooth set 14-7。The two ends rivet clasp of lock pin 14-6 is in the riveted holes of friction conical ring 14-2, and the diameter of its two working end is slightly less than the internal diameter in conjunction with 3 pin-and-holes on tooth set 14-7, and lock pin 14-6 mid diameter is then more less than pin-and-hole diameter；Only overlap 14-7 when lock pin 14-6 is with centering basic in conjunction with corresponding pin-and-hole on tooth set 14-7 in conjunction with tooth to axially move along lock pin 14-6。The angled identical chamfering angle of lock (see Fig. 4) in corresponding pin-and-hole two ends on 14-7 is overlapped with in conjunction with tooth in the middle part of lock pin 14-6；Being drilled with inclined hole at the middle part, alignment pin 14-3 place overlapped in conjunction with tooth on 14-7, built-in spring 14-11 pushes up the annular groove (such as Fig. 3, A-A section view) in the middle part of alignment pin 14-3 to ensure that lock unit is in correct neutral gear position steel ball 14-10。The two ends of alignment pin 14-3 are stretched in the kidney-shaped locating slot 14-2-4 of friction conical ring 14-2, and suitable gap is all left in its end and both sides, and alignment pin 14-3 can move axially with in conjunction with tooth set 14-7。
It is the amplification view of one, two, five, six gear lock unit assemblies 11 in Fig. 1 as shown in Figure 10, shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, lock unit assembly, including two cone of friction dish 11-1 (as shown in Figure 10) having large and small two inner conical surfaces, 11-1-1 and 11-1-2 in figure 6 indicates the ring-type trapezoidal groove along the circumferential direction being shaped with on large and small two inner conical surfaces of two cone of friction dish 11-1 as shown in Figure 7,11-1-3 then indicates and is shaped with internal spline on cone of friction dish 11-1, and cone of friction dish 11-1 is consumable accessory；Part based on two friction conical ring 11-2 with matching, 11-2-1 and the 11-2-2 in Fig. 9 indicates that large and small two male cone (strobilus masculinus)s being shaped with on it are smooth surface, is shaped with the oil scupper 11-2-5 for oil extraction along the conical surface is oblique；11-2-3 and 11-2-4 in Fig. 9 specifies respectively and is also formed respectively with lock pin riveted holes and kidney-shaped locating slot on two friction conical ring 11-2。
It is the amplification view of odd-side high to low gear lock unit assembly 8 in Fig. 1 as shown in figure 12, shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, lock unit assembly, including two cone of friction dish 8-1 (as shown in figure 12) having large and small two inner conical surfaces, 8-1-1 and 8-1-2 in figure 6 indicates the ring-type trapezoidal groove along the circumferential direction being shaped with on large and small two inner conical surfaces of two cone of friction dish 8-1 as shown in Figure 7,8-1-3 then indicates and is shaped with internal spline on cone of friction dish 8-1, and cone of friction dish 8-1 is consumable accessory；Part based on two friction conical ring 8-2 with matching, 8-2-1 and the 8-2-2 in Fig. 9 indicates that large and small two male cone (strobilus masculinus)s being shaped with on it are smooth surface, is shaped with the oil scupper 8-2-5 for oil extraction along the conical surface is oblique；8-2-3 and 8-2-4 in Fig. 9 specifies respectively and is also formed respectively with lock pin riveted holes and kidney-shaped locating slot on two friction conical ring 8-2。
From Fig. 2, Figure 10, Tu12Zhong, in combination with Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, it is apparent that change speed gear box of the present invention employing is all double-cone lock pin type inertial synchronizer, version is similar, its core part cone of friction dish 8-1,11-1,14-1, friction conical ring 8-2,11-2,14-2 have two conical surfaces of size。
Two, the operation principle of lock unit:
The operation principle of double-cone lock pin type inertial synchronizer shown in Fig. 2 is basically identical with lockpin-type inertia synchronizer usual both at home and abroad at present, four gears are changed for three gears, when being changed four gears by three gears, overlap 14-7 in conjunction with tooth to be subject in gearbox shifting mechanism the axial thrust of shift fork and act through steel ball 14-10 and alignment pin 14-3 driving friction conical ring 14-2 to be moved to the left, so as to contact with corresponding cone of friction dish 14-1。There is the friction conical ring 14-2 and cone of friction dish 14-1 of speed discrepancy once contacting, the fricative moment of inertia being abutted against contacting surface makes friction conical ring 14-2 relatively turn over an angle in conjunction with tooth set 14-7 together with lock pin 14-6, thus the axis of lock pin 14-6 overlaps the pin-and-hole journal offset on 14-7 in conjunction with tooth relatively, then in the middle part of lock pin 14-6, chamfering is inconsistent with the pin-and-hole chamfering overlapped on 14-7 in conjunction with tooth, quickly moves forward in conjunction with tooth set 14-7 to stop。
Before synchronization, the work relationship Fig. 4 overlapping 14-7 and lock pin 14-6 in conjunction with tooth describes the moment of friction acting on cone of friction (by contacting normal pressure FNThe axial thrust load F produced2The moment formed) always greater than tangential component F1The finger moment formed, soldered tooth set 14-7 is locked out and can not quickly move forward, it is therefore prevented that lock unit soldered tooth set 14-7 engages too early with the spline gear on gear 14-9, damages tooth。After synchronization, moment of inertia disappears, and finger moment makes lock pin 14-6, cone of friction dish 14-1 and respective gears 14-9 turn over an angle relative in conjunction with tooth set 14-7。Lock pin 14-6 overlaps the basic centering of corresponding lockhole on 14-7 with in conjunction with tooth, and soldered tooth set overcomes the elastic force of spring 14-11, and pressure steel ball 14-10 also moves axially along lock pin 14-6, until being meshed with the spline gear on gear 14-9, enters fourth gear smoothly。
By the discussion to technical solution of the present invention and detailed description of the invention, it is not difficult to find out:
1, the lock unit that change speed gear box of the present invention adopts is entirely double-cone lock pin type inertial synchronizer, and this and the lockpin-type inertia synchronizer that commercial car is usual both at home and abroad at present, lock ring type inertia synchronizer and the two change speed gear box mixing dual-purpose are fundamental differences。With Fig. 2 for reference, shown in Figure 10, two, five, six gear lock units are that one of them cone of friction dish 11-1 is also served as by gear 11-5。Large and small two inner conical surfaces on gear 11-5 make part based on smooth surface, and matched friction conical ring 11-2 is then as consumable accessory, and on it, large and small two male cone (strobilus masculinus)s are shaped with ring-type trapezoidal groove along the circumferential direction；The high and low gear lock unit assembly of odd-side shown in Figure 12 is owing to being Pneumatic shift, it does not have neutral position, thus is also just not engaged the inclined hole on tooth set 8-7 and spring, two parts of steel ball。The cone of friction dish 8-1 of lock unit and friction conical ring 8-2 is also Double-conical-surface。
2, from operation principle: first the lock unit cone of friction dish that change speed gear box of the present invention adopts is their the big conical surface with contacting of the conical ring that rubs, after cone of friction dish mild wear, they just contact with each other by corresponding two little conical surfaces, jointly participate in working asynchronously with their big conical surface。Now lock unit synchronizes friction pair is two, and lockpin-type inertia synchronizer Synchromous device of gearbox usual both at home and abroad at present synchronizes friction pair only one of which。
3, the cone of friction dish of double-cone lock pin type inertial synchronizer and gear have the axial location of spring collar, and the lockpin-type inertia synchronizer adopted in domestic and international change speed gear box at present does not then have。
4, the location of friction conical ring is by alignment pin and the kidney-shaped locating slot location on friction conical ring by double-cone lock pin type inertial synchronizer alignment pin, and the location that transmission lock pin inertia synchronizer usual both at home and abroad is therebetween is the seam location being frictionally shaped with on conical ring。
5, double-cone lock pin type inertial synchronizer removes the form also serving as cone of friction dish with gear shown in Figure 10, and gear is outside basic part, and the lock unit of other forms is all that cone of friction dish does consumable accessory, and friction conical ring does basic part。And lockpin-type inertia synchronizer usual both at home and abroad is all the conical ring that rubs does consumable accessory, cone of friction dish and gear do basic part。
6, double-cone lock pin type inertial synchronizer relatively lock ring type inertia synchronizer simple in construction many, structure space is also much bigger。
7, cone of friction dish adopt be the present inventor developed before 10 years can replace the SDQT500-4 novel synchronous device antifriction material of copper alloy conical ring completely through 10 years market tests。
Claims (3)
1. double-conical surface locking pin type inertia synchronizer speed changing box for commercial vehicle, it is characterised in that: the lock unit in change speed gear box is double-cone lock pin type inertial synchronizer；The structure of described double-cone lock pin type inertial synchronizer is: be shaped with large and small two inner conical surfaces on cone of friction dish, large and small two inner conical surfaces are shaped with ring-type trapezoidal groove, matched friction conical ring is shaped with large and small two male cone (strobilus masculinus)s, large and small two male cone (strobilus masculinus)s are smooth surface, cone of friction dish is that Double-conical-surface coordinates with coordinating of friction conical ring, cone of friction dish is axially positioned by spring collar, and the location of friction conical ring is to be coordinated by the small-gap suture between alignment pin with the kidney-shaped locating slot being shaped with on friction conical ring to realize。
2. double-conical surface locking pin type inertia synchronizer speed changing box for commercial vehicle, it is characterised in that: the lock unit in change speed gear box is double-cone lock pin type inertial synchronizer；Being shaped with large and small two inner conical surfaces on cone of friction dish, large and small two inner conical surfaces are smooth surface, matched friction conical ring is shaped with large and small two male cone (strobilus masculinus)s, large and small two male cone (strobilus masculinus)s are shaped with ring-type trapezoidal groove；Cone of friction dish is that Double-conical-surface coordinates with coordinating of friction conical ring, and cone of friction dish is axially positioned by spring collar, and the location of friction conical ring is to be coordinated by the small-gap suture between alignment pin with the kidney-shaped locating slot being shaped with on friction conical ring to realize。
3. double-conical surface locking pin type inertia synchronizer speed changing box for commercial vehicle according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described cone of friction dish is that gear doubles as, and large and small two inner conical surfaces of gear are smooth surface。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010003158.6A CN102121519B (en) | 2010-01-08 | 2010-01-08 | Double-conical surface locking pin type inertia synchronizer speed changing box for commercial vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010003158.6A CN102121519B (en) | 2010-01-08 | 2010-01-08 | Double-conical surface locking pin type inertia synchronizer speed changing box for commercial vehicle |
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| CN102121519A CN102121519A (en) | 2011-07-13 |
| CN102121519B true CN102121519B (en) | 2016-06-22 |
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| CN201010003158.6A Expired - Fee Related CN102121519B (en) | 2010-01-08 | 2010-01-08 | Double-conical surface locking pin type inertia synchronizer speed changing box for commercial vehicle |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104329415A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-02-04 | 陕西法士特齿轮有限责任公司 | Six-stage single-middle-shaft speed changer |
| CN108387511B (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2020-10-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Friction pair test piece for SRV simulation evaluation of friction performance of gearbox gear oil synchronizer |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2556437A1 (en) * | 1983-12-13 | 1985-06-14 | Renault Vehicules Ind | Triple synchronisation device |
| CN2861618Y (en) * | 2005-11-29 | 2007-01-24 | 陕西法士特齿轮有限责任公司 | Small central distance and multiple gearing type automobile speed changing arrangement |
| EP1757830A2 (en) * | 2005-08-27 | 2007-02-28 | Schaeffler KG | Arrangement with at leat two synchronisation rings of a synchronising device |
| CN200946635Y (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-09-12 | 浙江万里扬变速器有限公司 | Pin-type synchronizer for automobile |
-
2010
- 2010-01-08 CN CN201010003158.6A patent/CN102121519B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2556437A1 (en) * | 1983-12-13 | 1985-06-14 | Renault Vehicules Ind | Triple synchronisation device |
| EP1757830A2 (en) * | 2005-08-27 | 2007-02-28 | Schaeffler KG | Arrangement with at leat two synchronisation rings of a synchronising device |
| CN2861618Y (en) * | 2005-11-29 | 2007-01-24 | 陕西法士特齿轮有限责任公司 | Small central distance and multiple gearing type automobile speed changing arrangement |
| CN200946635Y (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-09-12 | 浙江万里扬变速器有限公司 | Pin-type synchronizer for automobile |
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