CN102121052A - Efficient technical system for creating wide compatible rice recessive nucleic sterile line - Google Patents
Efficient technical system for creating wide compatible rice recessive nucleic sterile line Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for accurately performing rice germplasm resource transformation by using molecular marker assistant selection, belongs to the field of rice molecular breeding, and particularly relates to backcross transformation and molecular marker assistant selection. The method comprises the following steps of: performing foreground selection by using DNA sequence difference causing gene function difference as a molecular marker (or using a marker tightly interlocked with two sides of a target gene), simultaneously performing background selection by using high-density simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) molecular markers, and performing one-time three-way cross, two-time backcross, one-time selfing, one-time backcross and one-time selfing to quickly and accurately polymerize nuclear recessive male sterile genes and wide compatible genes in an excellent receptor parent so that the recovery rate of the recurrent parent reaches 99.5 percent and a middle material of a wide compatible rice recessive nucleic male sterile line is created. The method not only enriches the male sterile germplasm resource of rice, but also can promote the development of heterosis utilization potential among indica and round-grained subspecies. By the invention, the breeding cycle can be greatly shortened and the breeding efficiency and accuracy can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rice molecular breeding field, be specifically related to that (marker assistant selection, MAS) method is set up the technical system of the wide affine paddy rice recessive gms line of the efficient initiative of a cover by paddy rice polymerization back cross breeding and high-throughput molecular marker assisted selection.
Background technology
China is a populous large agricultural country, ensures that grain security is a vital task of agricultural science and technology all the time, in the current crop breeding most widely used general, also otherwise effective technique is a crossbreeding technology.What use always in the paddy rice cross breeding breeding at present, is " three are " and " two are " hybridization technique." three are " hybridization needs specific recovery system and maintenance line, the procedure of breeding and production link complexity, and the cycle of seed selection new sterile line and new combination is long, efficient is low, and the utilization ratio of germ plasm resource is lower than 5%." three are " hybridisation rice is owing to be subjected to the restriction of extensive/guarantor's relation, and maternal sterile cytoplasm source is more single, and nucleus improvement progress is also less.Recovery is that natural resources shortage causes breeding process slower, and per unit area yield fluctuates for many years.The utilization of " two are " pit-sterility cross-bred rice heterosis mainly is around the short 64S of training, trains several sterile line unfolded such as short 64S, strain 1S, still can not fully reflect and bring into play the potentiality of hybrid rice volume increase.In addition, the sterile line that adopts in " two are " cross-breeding mostly is " light is temperature sensitive " sterile line at present, its fertility is subjected to temperature and the illumination effect in the environment, the instability of these environmental factorss can directly influence the purity and the output of cross breeding seed, strengthen production of hybrid seeds risk, can make kind of industry company and peasant suffer heavy economic losses when serious, thereby limit the big area utilization and extention of " two are " hybridisation rice.Therefore, initiative is that breeding of hybridized rice presses for one of technology of breakthrough most than current " three are " and " two are " all superior novel sterile line.
On the other hand, Xian, japonica rice inter-subspecies hybrid have very strong hybrid vigour, but there are the fertility obstacle in Xian, round-grained rice hybrid, and setting percentage is low, has limited heterotic utilization.Ikehashi etc. (1984,1986) think that the inter subspecific hybrid fertility is subjected to mutual control of the one group of multiple allelomorphos in S5 site, i.e. the hybrid dysgenesis gene of wide compatibility gene and indica rice multiple allelomorphos each other.Along with wide compatibility gene such as Ketan, Nangka, CPSLO17 and
S5-nClone and functional verification, Xian, round-grained rice inter-subspecific heterosis get more and more and are being exploited.Utilize traditional backcross transformation method seed selection to carry wide compatibility gene
S5-nSterile line or recover system, need carry out wide compatibility when extensive, sterility is identified and identify that its breeding cycle is long, time and effort consuming surveying, and molecule marker selects technology can remedy this defective, accelerating selection speed improves efficiency of selection.
Using MAS selects to overcome the difficulty that exists in the Phenotypic Selection operation: (1) is used to select the phenotype that is difficult to measure; (2) being used to select can only be in the phenotype of ontogeny later stage ability energy measurement; (2) except that target gene, also can select genomic genetic background.(3) utilize and the individuality of reorganization to take place near directly being chosen in goal gene with closely linked molecule marker of target gene or functional gene itself, thereby avoided or significantly reduced chain burden (Linkage drag), accelerated the process of back cross breeding.Young etc. discover, utilize tomato high-density RFLP collection of illustrative plates that the Tmv2 of the anti-TMV of the contained Lperu of the disease-resistant variety of breeding by back cross breeding is infiltrated the clip size detection, minimum 4cM, the maximum 51cM that surpasses, near the DNA size the visible conventional breeding antagonism gene selects effect little; Analog result shows, the infiltration section that utilizes molecule marker to backcross and shortened by secondary, and need backcross for 100 times when assisting without mark just can reach effect same.Molecular marker assisted selection has begun to be applied to breeding and production at present, and applied for large quantities of patents, as a kind of Chinese cabbage male sterile molecular marker-assisted selection method (patent No.: CN 100348735), a kind of method (patent No.: CN 1279807C) that improves the hybrid rice yield potential, a kind of molecular marker assisted selection is cultivated the method (publication number: a kind of method of quick improvement rice quality (patent No.: CN 1303876C) CN 101176425A) of anti growing out hybridisation rice sterile line, multi-purpose restoring series of three-series hybrid rice divided marking supplementary breeding method (publication number: CN 100445396C), a kind of molecule marking method (publication number: CN 1452857A) that saves the melon female gene, CN 11182794A) and the disease-resistant currant high-efficiency polymerization of seed breeding method (publication number: CN 1415189A) etc. the molecule marking method of seed raisin grape breeding (publication number:.But also there are the following problems in rice molecular assisted selection technical study at present: 1) mark and gene non-be divided into from, cause mark can not replace gene, promptly mark can not replace phenotype; 2) used mark is less, and it is unreliable that background is selected.3) because of Xian, round-grained rice subspecies often hybridize not affine, make the inter-subspecific heterosis place with the difficulty; 4) the molecular marker assisted selection breeding efficiency is low and expense is high, is unsuitable for large-scale production and application.
Summary of the invention
The molecule marker that the present invention selects with the DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT of functional gene sequence own utilizes 3034 SSR and 10168 SNP to be marked at simultaneously and carries out the polymorphism screening between corresponding parent, then carries out the background of good paddy rice acceptor material and selects, and hands over F from three
1In generation, begin to carry out foreground selection, and from BC
2F
2Generation beginning background is selected, thereby will examine recessive male sterility gene and wide compatibility gene transformation to the paddy rice acceptor material, and acquisition acceptor material genetic background response rate reaches 99.5% new germ plasm, to be used for the initiative of the novel sterile line of paddy rice.
Described molecule marker can be (but being not limited to) SNP, SSR, STS, InDel, SCAR, SNP, AFLP, EST, RFLP etc.Described polymerization proterties can be proterties such as (but being not limited to) fertility, quality, disease-resistant/worm property, output and anti-abiotic stress proterties.Described wide affine rice strain/kind can be (but being not limited to) Lemont, 02428 and Rosemeont.
The present invention realizes successively through the following steps:
1. make up paddy rice and examine recessive male sterile mutant, this mutant is in homozygotic state in the mutational site.
2. the recessive male sterile mutator gene of corresponding nuclear transforms the recessive male sterile mutant of nuclear, recovers the mutant fertility.
3. to cause the dna sequence dna difference design primer of allelotrope function difference in target gene/fragment, as the mark of foreground selection.
4. design and synthesize and cover complete genomic high-density SSR and SNP molecule marker, and the polymorphic molecular marker of screening between recurrent parent and donor parents, be used for background and select.
5. serve as maternal hybridization to obtain F with good receptor parent with the recessive male sterile mutant of nuclear
1For seed.
6. with above-mentioned hybridization F
1Another donor parents hybridization with carrying wide compatibility gene obtains three and hands over F
1Seed.Hand over F to three
1Carry out foreground selection, selecting the recessive male sterile of nuclear site is the individuality of heterozygous state.
7. hand over F with three
1For maternal backcrossing with good receptor parent described in 4. obtains BC
1F
1, to BC
1F
1Carry out foreground selection, promptly select recessive male sterile site and wide affine site to be the individuality of heterozygous state.
8. with selected BC
1F
1For maternal backcrossing with recurrent parent obtains BC
2F
1, to BC
2F
1Carry out foreground selection, promptly select recessive male sterile site and wide affine site to be the individuality of heterozygous state.
9. Ru Xuan BC
2F
1Selfing obtains BC
2F
2(select recessive male sterile site and wide affine site to be the individuality of homozygotic state) when it is carried out foreground selection and carry out background selection (individuality that selection and recurrent parent genotype are close), guaranteeing to recover the recurrent parent genotype under the prerequisite that target gene is not lost.
10. repeat aforesaid operations until obtaining BC
3F
2, to BC
3F
2Carry out foreground selection and background and select (working method is with 8.), from BC
3F
2In can select and have target gene and recurrent parent response rate and reach 99.5% strain system.
11. the economical character of the new lines of breeding detects, and comprises that the Main Agronomic Characters that fertility detects, new lines is hybridized avidity evaluation, new lines and good target recipient material relatively waits.
The establishment in technology that the inventive method is related such as rice mutant storehouse and screening mutant, plant leaf total DNA extraction technology, round pcr, SSR molecular markers development technology, SNP molecular markers development technology, SNP detection technique, molecular marker assisted selection technology etc. are known technology.
Compare with the germ plasm resource transformation that existing backcross breeding carries out, the invention has the advantages that:
1. when target gene was selected (foreground selection), the sequence difference that utilizes target gene itself was as the function selective marker.Adopt with the closely linked mark of objective trait selected more in the former studies, in this case if will select accuracy to reach more than 90%, then the recombination fraction between mark and target gene must when recombination fraction surpasses 0.10, select accuracy to reduce to below 80% greater than 0.05cM.Utilize functional gene itself to serve as a mark and to improve efficiency of selection.The evaluation of fertility and wide compatibility phenotype has hysteresis quality, the present invention specifically utilizes sterile and wide compatibility gene internal sequence exploitation mark, the marker gene type can be represented corresponding phenotype, therefore in chosen process, need not to carry out fertility and wide affine phenotype analytical, thereby improved the efficient of selecting and backcrossing, accelerated breeding process.
2. the final sterile line that obtains has wide compatibility, enlarged the range of choice of hybridization male parent, provide strong instrument for breaking the narrow bottleneck of ternary hybrid rice germ plasm resource, thereby effectively widened heterotic utilization ratio, particularly efficiently developed Xian/round-grained rice inter-subspecific heterosis.
3. utilize high-density SNP(10168) and SSR(3034) mark carries out the background selection, can be by the probability of genotype appearance, accurately predict the composition ratio of genetic background, thereby can choose the most a high proportion of target background, reduce and reach " obtaining 99.5% genetic background ratio " required number of times of backcrossing, the quickening breeding process.
Description of drawings
Figure 1A has shown rice mutant among the embodiment 1
Ms26Sterile line plant flower organ morphology is learned and is observed synoptic diagram.
Figure 1B has shown rice mutant among the embodiment 1
Ms26Do not form the pollen synoptic diagram on the sterile line plant.
Fig. 2 has shown among the embodiment 1
Ms26The position of genetically deficient fragment and each primer.
Fig. 3 has shown PCR qualification result (the M:DNA molecular weight standard of part plant among the embodiment 2; N: corresponding non-transgenic plant is a negative control; P: transforming used plasmid is positive control, 1～22: tried plant).
Fig. 4 has shown Southern blot qualification result (the M:DNA molecular weight standard of part transfer-gen plant among the embodiment 2; N: corresponding non-transgenic plant is a negative control; P: transforming used plasmid is positive control, 1～9: tried plant).
Fig. 5 has shown the recessive sterile mutant of embodiment 2 centers
Ms26Sterile strain is after corresponding wild type allelotrope transforms, and fertility is resumed, can be normally solid.
Fig. 6 has shown the screening process (M: molecular weight standard) of polymorphism SSR molecule marker among the embodiment 4.
Fig. 7 has shown the breeding technique system process figure that embodiment 5 to 11 is described.
Fig. 8 is 3034 distributions of SSR polymorphism mark on rice chromosome among the embodiment 4.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: make up rice mutant storehouse and Screening of Rice and examine recessive sterile mutant
Create the rice mutant storehouse, and therefrom filter out paddy rice and examine recessive male sterile mutant
Ms26, this mutant is in homozygotic state in the mutational site.Accompanying drawing 1A has shown that paddy rice examines recessive sterile mutant
Ms26Plant spike of rice and flower organ morphology are learned performance.Accompanying drawing 1B has shown paddy rice
Ms26Can not form pollen on the mutant plant.
With wild-type allele
MS26Compare mutation allele
Ms263102 bases have been lacked.Utilization causes that the nucleotide sequence difference design PCR primer of the two function difference increases to the two, can judge the genotype in this site.Concrete grammar is as follows.
Ms26Reverse primer Cyp-test-3 of genetically deficient sequences Design, primer sequence be 5 '-AAGGTGTAGAAGCGGAAGAGGATGG-3 '; Design a pair of primer in the deletion fragment both sides, the forward primer name is called Cyp-test-5, and its sequence is: 5 '-GAGAACGAATTGGTCAATGGCCGA-3 '; The reverse primer name is called Cyp-WT, and its sequence is: 5 '-GAAAATAGTGCTCTTATGGATTGACCT-3 '.Amplify the 262bp fragment by primer Cyp-test-5 and Cyp-test-3 in mutant, amplify the 567bp fragment by primer Cyp-test-5 and Cyp-WT in its corresponding wild-type paddy rice, two fragments all can amplify in heterozygote.Accompanying drawing 2 is the position of ms26 genetically deficient fragment and each primer.
Embodiment 2: recover mutant
Ms26Fertility
With mutator gene corresponding wild type allelotrope among the embodiment 1
MS26Clone in plant conversion carrier, import among the agrobacterium strains AGLO with electric shocking method again, then transform, differentiate transgenic rice plant then by the rice sterile line inductive callus among the embodiment 1.
Transgenic paddy rice is through PCR(Fig. 3) and Southern blot detection (Fig. 4), the result shows
MS26Gene has been integrated into rice mutant
Ms26In the genome of plant.This transgenic paddy rice fertility is resumed, and setting percentage reaches 90.7%(accompanying drawing 5).
Embodiment 3: the molecule marker that designs and synthesizes sterile gene and wide compatibility gene foreground selection
Utilize primer Cyp-test-3, Cyp-test-5 and three primers of Cyp-WT among the embodiment 1 that ms26 is selected.Amplify the 262bp fragment by primer Cyp-test-5 and Cyp-test-3 in mutant, amplify the 567bp fragment by primer Cyp-test-5 and Cyp-WT in its corresponding wild-type paddy rice, two fragments all can amplify in heterozygote.
S5-nThe labeled primer sequence of gene can be with reference to delivering document (Yang Jie, 2009), according to long-grained nonglutinous rice and japonica rice
S5-nSequence difference promptly lacks both sides, position sequences Design primer, and token name is called S5136, and the forward primer sequence is 5 '-ATC AACCCATTTCCTTTCCT-3 '; The reverse primer sequence is 5 '-ATACGCTCGATCGGATTAAC-3 '.Contain wide compatibility gene
S5-nThe genomic dna of rice varieties Lemont can amplify the fragment of 441 bp, and do not contain
S5-nMutant
Ms26Genomic dna amplifies the 577bp fragment only.
Embodiment 4: design and synthesize the SNP and the SSR mark that are used for the selection of paddy rice recurrent parent background, and there is the mark of polymorphism in screening between the parent
Utilize 3034 and 10168 SSR and SNP to be marked at respectively and carry out the polymorphism screening between the parent.Accompanying drawing 6 shown samsara this and donor parent (
Ms26And the short 64S of training) screening process that has the SSR mark of polymorphism between.Described 3034 distributions of SSR polymorphism mark on rice chromosome are accompanying drawing 8 as follows.
Embodiment 5: hybridization F
1
Acquisition
To train short 64S is female parent, with the recessive male sterile mutant of nuclear described in the embodiment 1
Ms26Hybridization obtains F
1The breeding technique system process is seen accompanying drawing 7, and accompanying drawing 7 has run through embodiment 5 to 11.
Embodiment hands over F at 6: three
1
The acquisition in generation and system of selection thereof
The F that is obtained with embodiment 4
1Be female parent,, obtain three and hand over F with wide affine kind Lemont hybridization
1Seed.Utilize Auele Specific Primer designed among the embodiment 2 that triple hybrid is carried out foreground selection, i.e. choosing
Ms26The site is the individuality of heterozygous state.Concrete operations are as follows:
(1) with the plantation of triple hybrid, extracts the seedling leaf genomic dna;
(2) with special primer Cyp-test-5, Cyp-test-3 described in the embodiment 2 and Cyp-WT genomic dna is carried out pcr amplification, establish the parent and be contrast.Be chosen in
Ms26The site is the individuality of heterozygous state, promptly selects the PCR product to show 262bp and the segmental individuality of 567bp;
(3) the individual plant seed of gathering.
Embodiment 7:BC
1
F
1
The acquisition in generation and system of selection thereof
With embodiment 5 seed of being gathered in the crops is female parent, trains short 64S with recurrent parent and backcrosses and obtain BC
1F
1To BC
1F
1Only carry out foreground selection, concrete operations are as follows:
(1) with BC
1F
1The seedling leaf genomic dna is extracted in the seed plantation;
(2) to examine recessive male sterile site primer Cyp-test-5, Cyp-test-3 and Cyp-WT and wide affine site mark S5136 described in the embodiment 2 genomic dna is carried out pcr amplification, establish the parent and be contrast.Be chosen in
Ms26The site be heterozygous state and
S5-nThe site is the individuality of heterozygous state, promptly selects the PCR product of Cyp-test-5, Cyp-test-3 and Cyp-WT that 262bp is arranged and 567bp is segmental and the S5136 amplified production contains 441bp and the segmental individuality of 577bp;
(3) individual plant results seed.
Embodiment 8:BC
2
F
1
The acquisition in generation and system of selection thereof
To contain among the embodiment 6
Ms26With
S5-nThe BC of gene
1F
1Individuality promptly is that the individuality of heterozygous state obtains BC for maternal backcrossing with the short 64S of training in this site
2F
1Repeat foreground selection process among the embodiment 6.
Embodiment 9:BC
2
F
2
The acquisition in generation and system of selection thereof
To contain among the embodiment 7
Ms26With
S5-nThe BC of gene
2F
1Individuality promptly is that the individual selfing of heterozygous state obtains BC in this site
2F
2, colony's capacity is about 2000 strains.To BC
2F
2Carrying out foreground selection and background selects.Concrete operations are as follows:
(1) with BC
2F
2The seedling leaf genomic dna is extracted in the seed plantation;
(2) to examine recessive male sterile site primer Cyp-test-5, Cyp-test-3 and Cyp-WT and wide affine site mark S5136 described in the embodiment 2 genomic dna is carried out pcr amplification, establish the parent and be contrast.Be chosen in
Ms26The site be homozygotic state and
S5-nThe site is the individuality of homozygotic state, promptly selects the PCR product of Cyp-test-5, Cyp-test-3 and Cyp-WT only to contain the segmental and S5136 amplified production of 262bp and only contains the segmental individuality of 441bp;
(3) with the SSR mark that between the parent, has polymorphism that screened among the embodiment 4 and SNP mark to BC
2F
2The plant genome is selected, and establishes the parent and is contrast.Select SSR mark and SNP mark to be the genotypic individuality of recurrent parent;
(4) the individual plant seed of gathering.
Embodiment 10:BC
3
F
1
The acquisition in generation and system of selection thereof
Isozygoty containing among the embodiment 8
Ms26With
S5-nGene locus and genetic background and training short 64S immediate BC
2F
2Individual work is maternal, and backcrossing with the short 64S of training obtains BC
3F
1, colony's capacity is about 2000 strains.Repeat background chosen process among the embodiment 8, but not to BC
3F
1Carry out foreground selection.
Embodiment 11:BC
3
F
2
The acquisition in generation and system of selection thereof
With BC
3F
1Individual selfing obtains BC
3F
2To BC
3F
2Carry out foreground selection and background and select, operating process is with embodiment 9, and promptly selecting target gene is the individuality that isozygotys and background is consistent with the recurrent parent height, and the recurrent parent response rate reaches 99.5%.
Sequence table
SEQUENCE?LISTING
＜110〉Beijing Weiming Kaituo Crops Design Center Ltd
The Hunan is the triumphant crop molecular designing center limited liability company that opens up of name not
＜120〉technical system of the wide affine paddy rice recessive gms line of the efficient initiative of a cover
<130>
<160> 5
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＜213〉synthetic
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＜213〉synthetic
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gagaacgaat?tggtcaatgg?ccga 24
<210> 3
<211> 27
<212> DNA
＜213〉synthetic
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gaaaatagtg?ctcttatgga?ttgacct 27
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Claims (3)
1. one is utilized complete genomic SSR of covering and SNP molecule marker to carry out the germ plasm resource transformation, and trains the method with the recessive male sterile line of nuclear of educating wide affinity characteristic, and this method may further comprise the steps:
A) formulate the donor parents of paddy rice recessive gms line mutant as backcross transformation,
B) molecule marker of design PCR-based is used to intend the foreground selection of backcrossing quiding gene, described PCR primer with the target gene nucleotides sequence classify as according to and design,
C) at both sides, recessive nucleus male sterility site designs one cover molecule marker, the hereditary fragment of 2～5 cM that contain target gene is carried out foreground selection,
D) molecule marker of design one cover screening and tracking wide compatibility gene,
E) backcross between donor parents and recurrent parent or hybridize,
F) utilize and contain the strain system that intends quiding gene among the molecular marker screening offspring of PCR-based,
G) utilize equally distributed SSR of full genome and SNP mark to carry out the selection of background selection and other good character genetic locus.
2. the recessive cytoblast sterile mutant is described in the claim 1
Ms26Mutant.
3. be used to identify the specific molecular marker sequence of paddy rice recessive cytoblast sterile mutator gene and wild-type allele thereof described in the claim 1.
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| CN103026821A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-10 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Method for rapidly detecting thermosensitive genic male sterile line of rice |
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