CN102118983B - Tobacco treatment method, tobacco and smoke product - Google Patents
Tobacco treatment method, tobacco and smoke product Download PDFInfo
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- CN102118983B CN102118983B CN200980131316.1A CN200980131316A CN102118983B CN 102118983 B CN102118983 B CN 102118983B CN 200980131316 A CN200980131316 A CN 200980131316A CN 102118983 B CN102118983 B CN 102118983B
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- tobacco
- extract
- enzyme
- band filter
- level band
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/20—Biochemical treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0215—Solid material in other stationary receptacles
- B01D11/0223—Moving bed of solid material
- B01D11/023—Moving bed of solid material using moving bands, trays fixed on moving transport chains
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0288—Applications, solvents
Abstract
This invention provides a method for removing undesirable constituents from tobacco which includes extracting tobacco material in an aqueous or organic solvent and filtering the product of the extraction using a horizontal belt filter. The extract and insoluble tobacco residue may be further treated enzymically, chemically or otherwise to remove a complement of undesirable constituents. The extract and insoluble tobacco residue are recombined to form a regenerated tobacco material that is less harmful when combusted than the original material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a processing growing tobacco and, in particular to extract selected components from tobacco, for example, in order to reduce specific smoke components.
Background technology
Tobacco material can be processed and processing to produce the mixture of improvement, when burning, in the flue gas of its generation, specific smoke components is compared undressed tobacco and is reduced selectively or remove.Yet the sugar in tobacco and nicotine component preferably keep haply not by this processing impact, to keep mouthfeel and the smoking performance of tobacco.
The mode of removing or at least reducing selected components in tobacco is known in this area.Such method can comprise an extraction stage, and within this stage, tobacco material is extracted by aqueous solvent or organic solvent; A separation phase, within this stage, extract passes through to filter from insoluble tobacco residue, concentrated or similar step is separated; And one processing stage, in this stage, extract is processed to remove special component.So the tobacco extract of this processing combines to guarantee that with the tobacco of extracting some composition in tobacco is held in reconstituted tobacco raw material again.
United States Patent (USP) the 5th, method of protein is removed in 311,886 and 5,601,097 description from tobacco, and the method comprises the aqueous solvent extraction tobacco material of using that be comprised of surfactant and selectable proteolytic enzyme.This water extract (tobacco component that comprises dissolving) is separated and processed to remove any unwanted composition from insoluble tobacco residue, generally comprises surfactant and polypeptide.The tobacco extract of this processing is concentrated and is again combined with the tobacco residue of washing and oven dry, therefore guarantees that some composition of tobacco is retained in final products, for example, be hydrolyzed flavor component and nicotine.
United States Patent (USP) the 5th, has further described for 601, No. 097 and has used the tobacco of surfactant and proteolytic enzyme sequentially to extract, and proteolytic enzyme makes tobacco reduce more than viewed albumen in single extraction.
European patent application has been described the fractionating process of tobacco extract for the 1 623 No. 634 and according to ingredient difference and differentiated treatment fractionation part.The fractionation part that comprises required composition is combined again with extracting tobacco, comprises that the fractionation of unwanted composition is partly dropped or is partly again combined with extraction tobacco simultaneously.Therefore reconstituted tobacco raw material keeps the composition (such as nicotine) that contains all needs, but has fully got rid of unwanted composition (for example nitrate and amine).
In the embodiment of No. 0 517 407, european patent application, tobacco extract is separated from insoluble tobacco residue and contacts by the tobacco extract that is extracted tobacco by alkaline solution and obtain with another kind.After the combination of extract, be applied to extract tobacco to produce reconstituted product.
United States Patent (USP) the 5th, in 243,999 processes of describing, tobacco extract by Temperature Treatment to cause some composition crystallization or Precipitation from solution.This extract can be selected or conduct additionally contacts with activated carbon particles, therefrom to remove selected composition in addition.Next process extract and be again combined with extracting tobacco, produce the product of a kind of potassium nitrate that contains lower amount and acetaldehyde.
European patent application described for the 0 535 No. 834 a kind of by filter and any insoluble composition in essence of centrifugal removal with the method for extraction tobacco.This extraction Tobacco using can discharge the medium of the colloid in tobacco material to be processed, and is processed into reservation shape and subsequently the tobacco extract of processing is administered on it.
Previous technical method successfully makes reconstituted tobacco compare the unwanted composition that untreated tobacco has lower amount.Yet they are not impeccable.
Methods known in the art are included in the extraction in traditional batch reactor, then use common filtration, centrifugal or use one or more mixture channel Separation of Water extracts from insoluble tobacco residue through screw extruder etc.Such extraction and the productivity of separation process are obviously limited by the highest production energy of selected device.In addition,, along with the increase of the blender size in batch reactor, keep the turbulent mixture at container edge place just to become very difficult.Therefore the amount of extracting and treatment step are limited by the size of the container that can effectively use in force.
The efficiency of separation process also depends on the filtering technique of concrete execution.Although this means that this leaching process is effectively, it will not be suitable under commercial scale and operate.
Therefore, for keep can be used for from insoluble tobacco residue efficient separate tobacco extract and from tobacco high efficiency extraction do not need the high-throughput process of composition to have needs.
The present invention described herein has overcome the difficulty in prior art field by the process of usage level belt filter processing tobacco.This process can be a continuous process, and its efficiency is compared the raising that batch process technology known in the art has highly significant.Therefore described process can offer commercial Application, makes tobacco processing procedure can improve output to surmounting the level now having reached.Described process does not need to use surfactant yet, and this has obviously been avoided from tobacco residue, removing the needs of surfactant in the subsequent step of processing.
In process described here, the separation from tobacco residue of the extraction of tobacco and tobacco extract can be carried out by usage level belt filter.
Horizontal belt filter with the irrelevant industry of tobacco industry in be known, comprise mining industry, mineral and metallurgical industry.In fact, these filters are applied to the dehydration of raw materials such as ore in sand form, iron ore, coal and lead and zinc concentrate always because their flexibilities in operation, to corrosion slurries adaptability and the well-formedness of dealing with large output.
Horizontal belt filter comprises ring-type recirculation band, its be configured to allow filtrate discharged to on hole.This band can be made by rubber, has the transverse groove for draining, or it can be by polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK
tM) be woven into enough pines to allow the net of draining to make.Other raw material and drainage arrangement are also fine.A kind ofly treat that separated raw slurry is transported to and be with.In the process that this filtrate betransported at slurries by vacuum accessories pass with on hole be discharged from, but also can be used as selection, only carry out under gravity, finally discharge dehydrated mat.
Level band filter is the effective and reliable liquid/solid separator for heavy-duty machinery.The improvement of technology has in recent years caused the generation of the large-scale band of high mechanical properties.This band, supports the improvement in the mechanical technique of heavy band to match with being used for of needing in operating process, and can produce the filter of high-throughput.Modern level band filter can reach and surpasses the belt speed of 50 ms/min and can produce very short circulation timei.
Because the filtration of usage level band filter also can operate together with vacuum accessories, from the insoluble residue with staying, separating liquid is very efficient process.
In addition, the operating sequence in filter process is such: aqueous solvent is applied in retentate towards the end of filter, and filtrate is collected and put on charging and be recycled by the upstream point at band.This means that last wash filtrate is collected after the final countercurrent washing stage, this wash filtrate is compared the concentration that filtrate that traditional filtering collects has been improved solvable raw material.
Yet level band filter is but apparent by no means for the suitability of tobacco industry.These design for filtration elements are separating liquid from heavy or dense thick raw material, and, therefore, without any things, show that they can be used to tobacco and process.
Yet applicant's discovery level band filter is in fact suitable for the extraction of tobacco and does surprising well aspect tobacco extract is separated with insoluble residue.It is worth mentioning that most, the content that finally appears at the solvable tobacco component in aqueous extract is compared by extracting the content of observing simple intermittence and is promoted to some extent.
Therefore the use of level band filter has improved the validity of tobacco extraction and separation process, and can obtain higher output.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, first aspect of the present invention has been to provide the process that a kind of usage level band filter carries out tobacco processing.
In one embodiment of the invention, this process comprises that using aqueous solvent or organic solvent to extract tobacco also filters the product extracting.Extract or one of filtration step or both operate on a kind of level band filter.The tobacco being extracted may constantly be transported to this extraction and filtration step on level band filter and when tobacco is transmitted along filter and can carry out continuously.This filtrate can be recycled and utilize as the extraction solvent that is fed to the tobacco of level band filter.In a most preferred embodiment, by the filtrate being recycled, be from one or more downstreams countercurrent washing stage.
In another embodiment, process of the present invention comprises with enzyme and processes tobacco in addition.In most preferred embodiment, this enzyme is proteolytic enzyme.
This process comprises in addition with flushed enzyme processes tobacco.This step is an extraction step in essence, because this residual enzyme extracts away from baccy fiber.This salt rinse stage is preferably in horizon-lai filters carries out.This enzyme is processed tobacco can be by flushed twice, and wherein two salt rinsing steps carry out on the level band filter separating.In most preferred embodiment, salt rinses best along with tobacco carries out continuously along filter transmission, and is preferably recycled and is used as from the filtrate that salt rinses for the second time the tobacco salting liquid that salt rinses being for the first time sent on the level band filter that salt rinses for the first time.
In another embodiment, this process comprises the enzyme-deactivating making in tobacco in addition.Deactivation can occur in to the steam treatment of tobacco, heat treatment or chemical treatment.Deactivation is preferably on level band filter to be carried out tobacco.
Therefore, in one embodiment, this process is used a plurality of level band filter runnings, and is continuous process.
In another embodiment, this process comprises uses aqueous solvent or organic solvent to extract tobacco, with enzyme, process tobacco, the tobacco of processing with this enzyme of flushed and make the enzyme-deactivating in tobacco, wherein one or more in these steps carry out on level band filter.In another embodiment, all these steps are all carried out on level band filter.
In a preferred embodiment, this tobacco extract that comes from extraction step is processed therefrom to remove albumen, preferably uses bentonite in treatment.This tobacco extract can be used as selection or additionally processed therefrom to remove polyhydric phenols, preferably by crospovidone (PVPP), is processed.
Process of the present invention preferably comprises in addition extracts being combined again of tobacco and the tobacco extract of processing.
In aspect second of the present invention, provide a kind of by the obtainable tobacco product of process of the present invention.
In aspect the 3rd of the present invention, provide a kind of smoking product comprising by the obtainable tobacco of process of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1 shows that when transporting tobacco on level band filter tobacco is extracted and the operating sequence of the recirculation of wash filtrate.
Figure 2 shows that the operating sequence that water flat rubber belting filter carries out salt flushing to extracting tobacco.
Figure 3 shows that the operating sequence of extracting the flushing of salt for the second time of tobacco and the recirculation of wash filtrate when tobacco is transported on level band filter.
Figure 4 shows that usage level band filter comes clear water to rinse tobacco to remove salt and to make the operating sequence of enzyme-deactivating.
Figure 5 shows that the process that tobacco is processed, wherein the extraction of tobacco and washing are subsequently processed with the level band filter of a plurality of series windings.Combination again after the tobacco that this tobacco is extracted and processed.
The specific embodiment
In one embodiment of the invention, by the tobacco material being extracted, be to take out stalk, cut, shred or pulverize tobacco.In most preferred embodiment, this tobacco is the tobacco of chopping.Yet the tobacco of other form also can be used method described here to extract.
This tobacco material can be with solvent to form slurries in order to extract.This solvent can be added into according to the proportion between 10: 1 to 50: 1 in tobacco material, and reasonable is between 20: 1 to 40: 1 and preferably between 25: 1 to 30: 1.In a concrete preferred embodiment, the solvent that adds tobacco material is the proportion of 27: 1.
This solvent can be organic solvent, but preferably aqueous solvent or water.Starting most of leaching process, this solvent is water normally, but also can comprise the alcohol of ethanol for example or methyl alcohol, or it can comprise surfactant.Also can use other solvent, depend on the concrete composition extracting from tobacco.
First these slurries can be formed at tobacco mixed cylinder before pumping into the second cylinder, used such as plug flow reactor or continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) extract.
Extraction can be carried out between 15-85 ℃, and is preferably at 65 ℃ and carries out.Slurries are preferably in leaching process and are constantly stirred, and make like this tobacco keep suspending.Extraction is preferably between 15 minutes to two hours to be carried out.In a preferred embodiment, extract and carried out about 20 minutes.
In leaching process, solvable tobacco component shifts out and enters solution from tobacco material.These compositions comprise nicotine, sugar, some albumen, amino acid, colloid, polyhydric phenols and spices.Initial weight tobacco up to about 55% is dissolved.
It is important to make the colloid in baccy fiber in leaching process and processing procedure, to keep cross-bond to keep the fibre structure of tobacco.Therefore, calcium can be added into for extracting solvent and any solution using for downstream processes of tobacco.
After extracting, slurries enter being with of the first level band filter from extracting cylinder.In the transportation of slurries by with on hole discharge filtrate.These filtrates (" female filtrate ") are collected.
Meanwhile, stay level band filter with on insoluble tobacco residue can be in transportation by countercurrent washing to be further extracted, so that solvable composition as much as possible is removed from tobacco.
Along with tobacco is advanced along level band filter, tobacco extracted operating sequence is such: fresh solvent can be applied in towards the end of filter tobacco and this filtrate (" wash filtrate ") is collected.
This wash filtrate can be by putting on the tobacco residue entering of advancing on tape and be recycled at upstream point.Collect wash filtrate and the upstream of the tobacco residue entering is applied to wash filtrate again and can repeat for several times, even preferably three times, four times five times.Therefore, in the wash filtrate that tape leader is collected the most finally, along with the length at filter is up and then removed solvable tobacco component is concentrated.
When tobacco is advanced along level band filter, the scheme of extracting tobacco and recycling wash filtrate operating sequence as shown in fig. 1.
Last wash filtrate can be ready for use on extraction further by being added fresh tobacco to form tobacco slurries, recycles.For example, this last wash filtrate can be added into tobacco mixed cylinder, and wherein the formation of tobacco slurries is prior to leaching process.
Therefore this leaching process can become a continuous process, and wherein fresh Tobacco using recirculation wash filtrate is extracted.Only when this leaching process starts, Tobacco using fresh solvent extracts.Once leaching process starts, no longer in extraction, use fresh solvent, but only by recirculation wash filtrate, form this solvent.
Along with leaching process is proceeded, thereby extract becomes more and more concentrated solvable tobacco component.These compositions comprise the composition that enters solution in extracting cylinder in those primary extraction stages of carrying out (forming female filtrate), and the composition that enters solution on level band filter in those secondary extraction stages of carrying out (formation wash filtrate).
Therefore this final filtrate comprise female filtrate and wash filtrate.So, filter rear this tobacco residue forming and be dissolved in the composition in the solvent using in leaching process completely without those.
Extracting tobacco can be being finally extruded of filtering, to remove any unnecessary liquid.Therefore extract tobacco normally with the form of dehydrated mat from level band filter out.
The final filtrate of mentioning is hereinafter known as tobacco extract, can be with post processing to remove those unwanted compositions in final tobacco product.Unwanted composition comprises protein, polypeptide, amino acid, polyphenol, nitrate, amine, nitrous acid and coloring mixture.Yet the level of the composition of needs such as sugar and nicotine should remain unaffected, so that extract local flavor and the smoking performance of tobacco, can be comparable to those original raw materials.
In a preferred embodiment, this tobacco extract is processed to remove protein, polypeptide and/or amino acid.Up to the protein comprising in 60% original tobacco material use hydroxyapatite for example or for example the insoluble adsorbent of Attagel or bentonitic bleaching earth mineral be removed.
This tobacco extract is preferably by bentonite in treatment, therefrom to remove polypeptide.The 2-4% of the weight of the tobacco that bentonite can extract at first is added into extract.As selection, this tobacco extract can be conveyed in the cylinder that contains bentonitic slurries.A kind of suitable slurries comprise the bentonite (amount per hour) of about 7kg at the water of about 64kg, for example, and 7.13kg bentonite in 64.18kg water (amount per hour).Under any circumstance, this bentonite concentration is should be enough high fully to reduce the protein containing in tobacco extract, but also without Tai Gao to such an extent as in addition absorbing nicotine therefrom again.
Bentonite in treatment also can effectively be removed the coloring mixture in tobacco, if do not removed, these mixtures have the tendency that after concentrating, extract is deepened.When using a large amount of bentonite in treatment extracts, the minimizing of the amount of coloring mixture can make the outward appearance of product can be by too not dimmed.
After bentonite in treatment, this tobacco extract can be purified out by centrifugal and/or filtration from slurries.
This tobacco extract also can, or as selecting, processed therefrom to remove polyphenol.Crospovidone (PVPP) is a kind of insoluble adsorbent for polyphenol, is generally used in brewery industry to remove polyphenol from beer.Weight is that the PVPP of the 5-10% of initial tobacco of extracting can add in extract.The PVPP of this amount can remove in solution 50% to 90% polyphenol.
The optimum pH value of removing polyphenol with PVPP from tobacco extract is approximately 3.The efficiency being absorbed by PVPP can by add suitable acid for example hydrochloric acid therefore reduce the pH of extract and increased.
As absorb the replacement scheme of polyphenol with PVPP, one or more enzymes can add in tobacco extract with the polyphenol of therefrom degrading.Suitable enzyme is laccase (urushiol oxidase).
Yet the present invention is not limited to the method for only removing protein and/or polyphenol from tobacco.As selecting or additionally, enzyme, medium or adsorbent can be used to remove unwanted composition other tobacco component from tobacco extract.The example of the unwanted tobacco component that can remove from extract in addition comprises nitrate, amine and nitrosamine.
If remove Multiple components from tobacco extract, a plurality of cylinders can be by series winding assembling, and each comprises different enzymes, medium or adsorbent, to remove the selected part in unwanted composition.As selection, an independent cylinder can comprise plurality of enzymes, medium or adsorbent, so that unwanted composition is removed in single step.For example, bentonite or PVPP receptacle can comprise one or more additional enzymes, medium or adsorbent to not only remove protein or phenol from tobacco, and also remove one or more unwanted compositions.
After tobacco extract being processed to remove selected unwanted composition, extract is preferably concentrated into the approximately solid concentration between 20 to 50% of proportion.The concentrated solid up to 10% the most effectively obtains by use counter-infiltration.Another kind is concentrated into approximately 40% solid and can obtains by falling film evaporator.Other method for concentration can be used and be known by those skilled in that art.
This concentrated tobacco extract can be combined with extraction tobacco subsequently again.
Yet this tobacco of having extracted in the aqueous solution as mentioned above is preferably further extracted to remove one or more other unwanted composition before being combined with concentrated tobacco extract again.
The further extraction of tobacco can be used the enzyme of special selection to remove selected composition.
In a preferred embodiment, enzyme is the proteolytic enzyme that protein is shifted out from tobacco.This enzyme is preferably bacterial enzyme or fungal enzyme, more preferably the commercial enzyme in food and cleaning agent industry.This enzyme can be from by protease (Savinase)
tM, neutral proteinase (Neutrase)
tM, (Enzobake)
tMand alkali protease (Alcalase)
tMin the group forming, select, all these is on sale in Nove company (Nove Inc.).
This proteolytic enzyme preferably with account for tobacco material proportion 0.1 to 5% between amount add in tobacco.For example, protease
tMamount with heavily approximately 1% adds in tobacco.
This tobacco can be in the solution of selected enzyme pulping again.The ratio of tobacco in water and slurries should be between 10: 1 to 50: 1, and relatively good is between 20: 1 to 40: 1, and preferably between 25: 1 to 30: 1.In a concrete preferred embodiment, the solvent that adds tobacco material is the proportion of 27: 1 by weight.
The pH of tobacco/enzymatic mixture should make it reach optimum activity value.Therefore, the tobacco dehydrated mat that comes from the first level band filter is supplied with for example by adding and regulated in the cylinder of pH as the alkali of NaOH.This regulated the tobacco of pH can be transported to subsequently enzyme batch meter to mix with selected enzyme.This tobacco/enzymatic mixture can be transported to plug flow reactor subsequently, carries out enzyme extraction here.
Enzyme extracts and to carry out promoting enzyme to reach at the temperature of optimum activity value.Best, be in a narrow and small temperature range, 30-40 ℃ for example, to prevent enzyme denaturation.
Work as protease
tMbest operating condition when selected is 57 ℃ and pH9-11.
Enzyme extracts and carry out at least 45 minutes; Any is inadequate than being all considered to for proteolytic enzyme degrading tobacco protein this short continuous time.
Certainly, if there is Multiple components to be removed from tobacco, plurality of enzymes is extracted and is fine so.This can carry out a series of processing or plurality of enzymes can be added in tobacco at single treatment step.
Just in the first extraction step of processing procedure, add enzyme to be also fine, rather than form independent extraction step subsequently.
After enzyme extracts, this tobacco/enzymatic mixture can be transported to the second level band blender and female filtrate is collected and processes as refuse.This insoluble tobacco residue can be washed by salting liquid, and sodium chloride solution preferably, to rinse out enzyme.Salt rinses and can carry out by reflux type in succession, extracts similar with the tobacco being applied on the first level band filter.
Therefore this salting liquid can be applied on the last tobacco of filtering.This wash filtrate can be recycled and for washing the tobacco residue of advancing on tape at upstream point.The collection of wash filtrate and upstream recycle in input tobacco residue and can be processed for several times, even preferably three times, four times five times.The final wash filtrate of collecting at tape leader is processed as refuse.As shown in Figure 2.
The tobacco that salt rinses can be extruded at the end of band, therefrom to remove unnecessary liquid.
After this tobacco, being transported to salt flushing mixed cylinder and plug flow reactor or continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) is combined with the salting liquid in salt flushing for the second time again.
This mixture can be transported on the 3rd level band filter and female filtrate is collected.This filtrate is treated as refuse and processes and can not be recycled.Fresh salting liquid, preferably sodium chloride solution, can be applied in tobacco towards the end of filter.As before, this wash filtrate can be recycled and the tobacco residue for advancing on tape in the washing of upstream point.Collect wash filtrate and the tobacco residue upstream entering is applied to wash filtrate again and can be repeated for several times, even preferably three times, four times five times.The wash filtrate of finally collecting at tape leader is recycled and is used to salt for the first time and rinses.As shown in Figure 3.
The tobacco that this salt rinses is extruded that at the end of band unnecessary moisture is therefrom removed.Preferably be combined afterwards to guarantee the almost completely removal of enzyme from tobacco with new a collection of salt solution.Mixed cylinder and plug flow reactor or continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) can be used to this object.
In order to remove the tobacco that salt is rinsed from salt, can carry out clear water flushing.The tobacco that this salt rinses can be transported to being with of the 4th level band filter and female filtrate and be collected and recycle for for the first time or salt flushing for the second time.Water purification can be subsequently applied in tobacco towards the end of filter.This wash filtrate can be recycled and be used to the tobacco residue of advancing on tape in the washing of upstream point.Collect wash filtrate and the tobacco residue upstream entering is applied to wash filtrate again and can be repeated for several times, even preferably three times, four times five times.The wash filtrate of finally collecting at tape leader is got back to storage place of each normal saline washing.As shown in Figure 4.
Yet salt and water rinse may not can remove all enzymes from tobacco.It is important that final tobacco product does not contain enzymatic activity completely, to avoid the risk of the process operator of the relevant any bad reaction of enzyme any and in end product.
Therefore this washing tobacco can be processed with any remaining enzyme being retained in tobacco of deactivation in salt subsequently and water rinse.This can be by this tobacco of steam treatment with abundant inactivator, but not too in order to avoid tobacco loses its fibre structure.In one embodiment, steam treatment has been carried out four minutes at 98 ℃, if but need to this retention time can be increased to about 10 minutes.As selection, this tobacco can be heat-treated with inactivator, for example, use microwave or baking tobacco.In another embodiment, this enzyme is inactivated in chemical modification; Yet need to from tobacco, remove the step of chemical substance.
If this tobacco is cooked steam treatment, this can carry out during near the 4th level band filter end tobacco, as shown in Figure 4.Unnecessary liquid can be removed by extruding from tobacco.
Therefore, this process can comprise a series of separating step, and one or more can use a level band filter to carry out.In one embodiment, all operating procedures are used a level band filter to carry out.Therefore this process can be continuous process, and wherein fresh tobacco is transported on the first level band filter and the tobacco of processing is produced in downstream continuously continuously.In one embodiment, tobacco is extracted, salt rinses and enzyme-deactivating step be on each level band filter, carry out respectively and for this purpose a plurality of filters can be arranged by series winding.As shown in Figure 5.
This processing tobacco can be further processed subsequently and make it be applicable to being combined with tobacco extract again.In a preferred embodiment, this tobacco is transported to a disintegrating machine that the tobacco that becomes pad is broken into free-pouring fiber.
This processed tobacco can be combined with concentrated tobacco extract subsequently again.The extract of processing is added back and extracts tobacco to guarantee to retain water-soluble flavor component and the nicotine of tobacco in end product.Therefore combination produces a kind of tobacco product that contains the physical arrangement similar to original raw material and profile, taste and smoking performance again, but reduces in a large number protein, the level of polyphenol and other selected composition.
Again in conjunction with realizing by spray tobacco extract on tobacco.The amount of the original extraction thing of being combined again with processing tobacco depends on the total number of dropouts with the processing procedure of removal selected components to extract-treated, and changes to some extent along with the difference of tobacco varieties.
Can use standard drying program to dry tobacco, can be before processing that tobacco extract is combined again, in process or afterwards.The initial humidity containing in tobacco is generally about 70-80%.In a preferred embodiment, dried humidity should be approximately 14%.
Heat drier, curtain formula drier for example, the humidity that can be used to reduce to contain in tobacco is to approximately 30%.Second heat drier, for example air dryer, can use further to reduce institute's moisture content subsequently to approximately 14%.
Final dry product can be processed to final form subsequently, thin slice for example, and this thin slice can be shredded, to form all or part of cigarette filler.
But, the tobacco primitive component due to nearly 30% extract and processing procedure in therefrom removed, the per unit tobacco weight concentration that retains composition in final products in tobacco is compared original raw material and is promoted to some extent.These compositions comprise cellulose, and cellulose can produce harmful volatile materials in the cigarette when burning together with sugar and starch, for example acetaldehyde and formaldehyde.
In order to make up this problem, a kind of filter of specific type can be included in and contain in the smoking product of processing tobacco.United States Patent (USP) the 4th, has described a kind of suitable filter for 033, No. 361, and it comprises the macropore amine type anion exchange resin that only contains a large amount of first amine groups, as the adsorbent of volatility smoke of tobacco composition.In filter, also can contain carbon.
Claims (23)
1.
process a method for tobacco, comprise that use aqueous solvent or organic solvent extract tobacco and filter and extract product, wherein extraction and filtration step all carry out on level band filter.
2.
according to the method in claim 1, wherein wait the tobacco being extracted, be transported to continuously on level band filter and when filter transports, extract continuously and filtration step when tobacco.
3.
according to the method in claim 2, wherein filtrate be recycled and the extraction of the tobacco on being transported to level band filter in be used as solvent.
4.
method according in claim 1-3, further comprises with enzyme and processes tobacco.
5.
according to the method in claim 4, wherein this enzyme is proteolytic enzyme.
6.
according to the method in claim 4, further comprise the tobacco of processing with flushed enzyme.
7.
according to the method in claim 6, wherein salt rinsing step carries out on level band filter.
8.
according to the method in claim 6, the tobacco that wherein enzyme is processed is by twice of flushed.
9.
according to Claim 8, the method in, wherein twice salt rinsing step carries out on the level band filter separating.
10.
according to the method in claim 7 or 9, wherein when transporting along filter, tobacco carries out continuously salt flushing.
11.
according to the method in claim 10, the filtrate of wherein rinsing from salt is for the second time recycled and is used as salt for the first time rinses the salting liquid that is transported to the tobacco on salt flushing water flat rubber belting filter for the first time.
12.
according to the method in claim 4, further comprise the enzyme in deactivation tobacco.
13.
according to the method in claim 12, wherein deactivation is undertaken by steam treatment, heat treatment or chemical treatment tobacco.
14.
according to the method in claim 13, wherein on the tobacco of deactivation on level band filter, carry out.
15.
according to the method in claim 1, wherein use the level band filter of a plurality of series windings to carry out.
16.
method according in claim 1, further comprises:
(a) with enzyme, process tobacco;
(b) tobacco of processing with flushed enzyme; And
(c) enzyme in deactivation tobacco;
wherein the one or more steps in (a) to (c) are carried out on level band filter.
17.
according to the method in claim 1, further comprise processing and extract resulting tobacco extract therefrom to remove protein from tobacco.
18.
according to the method in claim 17, wherein tobacco extract is used bentonite in treatment.
19.
according to the method in claim 1, further comprise and process this tobacco extract of obtaining therefrom to remove polyphenol from tobacco is extracted.
20.
according to the method in claim 19, wherein this tobacco extract is used crospovidone (PVPP) to process.
21.
according to the method in claim 17-20, further comprise being combined again of tobacco extract of extracting tobacco and processing.
22.
the tobacco obtaining by the method in the arbitrary claim in claim 1-21.
23.
a kind of smoking product that comprises the tobacco described in claim 22.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0810850.8 | 2008-06-13 | ||
| GBGB0810850.8A GB0810850D0 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2008-06-13 | Tobacco treatment |
| PCT/GB2009/050580 WO2009150444A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-05-28 | Tobacco treatment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102118983A CN102118983A (en) | 2011-07-06 |
| CN102118983B true CN102118983B (en) | 2014-03-05 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200980131316.1A Expired - Fee Related CN102118983B (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-05-28 | Tobacco treatment method, tobacco and smoke product |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110155152A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2285246A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2011522558A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20110031456A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102118983B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2009259082A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0915087A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2726838C (en) |
| GB (1) | GB0810850D0 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1154761A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2010013364A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2519905C2 (en) |
| UA (1) | UA101039C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009150444A1 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2673064A1 (en) * | 2011-02-09 | 2013-12-18 | Solvay SA | Process for the purification of a residue |
| US20130269719A1 (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2013-10-17 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Method for treating plants with probiotics |
| US9485953B2 (en) | 2012-07-19 | 2016-11-08 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Method for treating tobacco plants with enzymes |
| GB201221209D0 (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-01-09 | British American Tobacco Co | Treatment of tobacco material |
| GB201221193D0 (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-01-09 | British American Tobacco Co | Treatment of tobacco material |
| GB201221210D0 (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-01-09 | British American Tobacco Co | Treatment of tobacco material |
| CN102972862B (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2016-01-27 | 上海聚华科技股份有限公司 | A kind of technique of tobacco material improvement and equipment thereof |
| GB201302485D0 (en) * | 2013-02-13 | 2013-03-27 | British American Tobacco Co | Tobacco Treatment |
| CN103892457B (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2016-08-10 | 广东金科再造烟叶有限公司 | A kind of paper process tobacco extraction liquid process for refining |
| GB201314917D0 (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2013-10-02 | British American Tobacco Co | Treated Tobacco and processes for preparing the same, Devices including the same and uses thereof |
| KR101851090B1 (en) | 2014-02-26 | 2018-04-20 | 니뽄 다바코 산교 가부시키가이샤 | Method for producing cigarette raw materials |
| RU2639111C1 (en) | 2014-02-26 | 2017-12-19 | Джапан Тобакко Инк. | Method for extracting flavour-imparting component and method for obtaining composition element of product preferred |
| CA2940690C (en) | 2014-02-26 | 2019-01-22 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | Extraction method of flavor constituent and manufacturing method of composition element of favorite item |
| CN103908016B (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2017-01-11 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco harm reduction processing solvent and method for reducing HCN (hydrogen cyanide) in mainstream cigarette smoke |
| EP3207809B1 (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2021-01-06 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | Producing method of tobacco raw materials |
| GB201504587D0 (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-05-06 | British American Tobacco Co | Improvements in methods of treating tobacco. |
| CN105815805B (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2017-04-12 | 江苏中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for reducing concentration scaling of tobacco-papermaking-method-reconstruction extracting solution |
| JP6371927B1 (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2018-08-08 | 株式会社 東亜産業 | Non-tobacco plant composition manufacturing method, electronic cigarette packing manufacturing method, electronic cigarette packing, and electronic cigarette cartridge using the same |
| CN110326813A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-15 | 郝连顺 | A kind of method of tobacco leaf upgrading harm reduction |
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2008
- 2008-06-13 GB GBGB0810850.8A patent/GB0810850D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2009
- 2009-05-28 US US12/997,679 patent/US20110155152A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-05-28 BR BRPI0915087A patent/BRPI0915087A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-05-28 KR KR1020117000702A patent/KR20110031456A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-05-28 UA UAA201100288A patent/UA101039C2/en unknown
- 2009-05-28 RU RU2011100109/12A patent/RU2519905C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-05-28 EP EP09761993A patent/EP2285246A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-05-28 JP JP2011513051A patent/JP2011522558A/en active Pending
- 2009-05-28 WO PCT/GB2009/050580 patent/WO2009150444A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-05-28 CN CN200980131316.1A patent/CN102118983B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-05-28 AU AU2009259082A patent/AU2009259082A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-05-28 MX MX2010013364A patent/MX2010013364A/en unknown
- 2009-05-28 CA CA2726838A patent/CA2726838C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-08-30 HK HK11109166.6A patent/HK1154761A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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| EP0057979B1 (en) * | 1981-01-21 | 1984-11-28 | Fabriques De Tabac Reunies S.A. | Apparatus for extracting soluble constituents from cut plant material |
| CN1725956A (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2006-01-25 | 嘉吉公司 | Improved process for producing cocoa butter and cocoa powder by liquefied gas extraction |
| CN1732813A (en) * | 2005-09-12 | 2006-02-15 | 华宝食用香精香料（上海）有限公司 | Method for preparing tobacco extractive by biological enzyme |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HK1154761A1 (en) | 2012-05-04 |
| EP2285246A1 (en) | 2011-02-23 |
| WO2009150444A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
| JP2011522558A (en) | 2011-08-04 |
| MX2010013364A (en) | 2011-05-30 |
| CA2726838C (en) | 2014-05-13 |
| AU2009259082A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
| CN102118983A (en) | 2011-07-06 |
| RU2519905C2 (en) | 2014-06-20 |
| UA101039C2 (en) | 2013-02-25 |
| RU2011100109A (en) | 2012-07-20 |
| US20110155152A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
| CA2726838A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
| KR20110031456A (en) | 2011-03-28 |
| BRPI0915087A2 (en) | 2015-10-27 |
| GB0810850D0 (en) | 2008-07-23 |
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