CN102118983A - Tobacco treatment - Google Patents
Tobacco treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN102118983A CN102118983A CN2009801313161A CN200980131316A CN102118983A CN 102118983 A CN102118983 A CN 102118983A CN 2009801313161 A CN2009801313161 A CN 2009801313161A CN 200980131316 A CN200980131316 A CN 200980131316A CN 102118983 A CN102118983 A CN 102118983A
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- tobacco
- enzyme
- extract
- band filter
- level band
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/20—Biochemical treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0215—Solid material in other stationary receptacles
- B01D11/0223—Moving bed of solid material
- B01D11/023—Moving bed of solid material using moving bands, trays fixed on moving transport chains
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0288—Applications, solvents
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
This invention provides a method for removing undesirable constituents from tobacco which includes extracting tobacco material in an aqueous or organic solvent and filtering the product of the extraction using a horizontal belt filter. The extract and insoluble tobacco residue may be further treated enzymically, chemically or otherwise to remove a complement of undesirable constituents. The extract and insoluble tobacco residue are recombined to form a regenerated tobacco material that is less harmful when combusted than the original material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a processing that grows tobacco and, in particular to from tobacco, extracting selected components, for example, in order to reduce specific smoke components.
Background technology
Tobacco material can be processed and processing to produce the mixture of improvement, when burning, specific smoke components is compared undressed tobacco and is reduced selectively or remove in the flue gas of its generation.Yet sugar in the tobacco and nicotine component preferably keep haply not by this processing influence, to keep mouthfeel and the smoking performance of tobacco.
The mode of removing or reducing selected components in the tobacco at least is known in this area.Such method can comprise an extraction stage, and tobacco material is extracted by aqueous solvent or organic solvent in this stage; A separation phase, in this stage extract from insoluble tobacco residue by filter, concentrate or similar step separated; And one the processing stage, extract is processed to remove special component in this stage.So the tobacco extract of this processing combines to guarantee that some composition in the tobacco is held in the reconstituted tobacco raw material with the tobacco of extracting again.
United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 311, method of protein is removed in 886 and 5,601,097 description from tobacco, comprise the aqueous solvent extraction tobacco material of using that be made up of surfactant and selectable proteolytic enzyme in this method.This water extract (tobacco component that comprises dissolving) is separated and processed to remove any unwanted composition from insoluble tobacco residue, generally comprises surfactant and polypeptide.The tobacco extract of this processing is concentrated and combines again with the tobacco residue of washing and oven dry, therefore guarantees that some composition of tobacco is retained in the final products, for example hydrolysis flavor component and nicotine.
United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 601 has further described for No. 097 and to have used the tobacco of surfactant and proteolytic enzyme to extract in proper order, and proteolytic enzyme makes tobacco reduce more than viewed albumen in the single extraction.
European patent application has been described the fractionating process of tobacco extract for the 1 623 No. 634 and according to the ingredient difference and differentiated treatment fractionation part.The fractionation part that comprises required composition combines again with extracting tobacco, comprises that simultaneously the fractionation of unwanted composition partly is dropped or partly combines again with the extraction tobacco.Therefore the reconstituted tobacco raw material keeps containing the composition (such as nicotine) of all needs, but has fully got rid of unwanted composition (for example nitrate and amine).
In the embodiment of No. the 0 517 407, european patent application, tobacco extract is to separate from insoluble tobacco residue and contact by the tobacco extract that is extracted tobacco by alkaline solution and obtain with another kind.Be applied to extract tobacco after the combination of extract to produce reconstituted product.
United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 243, in 999 processes of describing, tobacco extract is separated out to cause some composition crystallization or to precipitate from solution by Temperature Treatment.This extract can be selected or conduct additionally contacts with activated carbon particles, therefrom to remove selected in addition composition.Next handle extract and combine again, produce a kind of potassium nitrate of low amount and product of acetaldehyde of containing with extracting tobacco.
European patent application described for the 0 535 No. 834 a kind of by filter and any insoluble in essence composition of centrifugal removal with the method for extraction tobacco.This extraction tobacco uses the medium that can discharge the colloid in the tobacco material to handle, and is processed into reservation shape and also subsequently the tobacco extract of handling is administered on it.
Previous technical method successfully makes reconstituted tobacco compare the unwanted composition that the tobacco of being untreated has low amount.Yet they are not impeccable.
Methods known in the art are included in the extraction in traditional batch reactor, then use common filtration, and are centrifugal or use one or more mixture channels that pass screw extruder etc. to separate aqueous extract from insoluble tobacco residue.The such extraction and the productivity of separation process are obviously limited by the highest production energy of selected device.In addition, along with the increase of the blender size in the batch reactor, keep the turbulent mixture at container edge place just to become very difficult.Therefore amount of extracting and treatment step are limited by the size of the container that can effectively use in force.
The efficient of separation process also depends on the filtering technique of concrete execution.Though this means this leaching process is effectively, it will not be suitable under commercial scale and operate.
Therefore, for keep can be used for from insoluble tobacco residue efficient separate tobacco extract and from tobacco high efficiency extraction do not need the high-throughput process of composition that needs are arranged.
The present invention described herein has overcome the difficulty in prior art field by the process of usage level belt filter processing tobacco.This process can be a continuous process, and its efficient is compared the raising that batch process technology known in the art has highly significant.Therefore described process can offer commercial Application, makes the tobacco processing procedure can improve output to surmounting the level that has now reached.Described process does not need to use surfactant yet, and this has obviously been avoided removing from the tobacco residue needs of surfactant in the subsequent step of processing.
In the process described here, but extraction of tobacco and the tobacco extract separation usage level belt filter from the tobacco residue is carried out.
The horizontal belt filter with the irrelevant industry of tobacco industry in be known, comprise mining industry, mineral and metallurgical industry.In fact, these filters are applied to for example dehydration of raw materials such as ore in sand form, iron ore, coal and lead and zinc concentrate always because their flexibilities in operation, to corrosion slurries adaptability and the well-formedness of dealing with big output.
The horizontal belt filter comprises ring-type recirculation band, its be configured to allow filtrate row to on the hole.This band can be made by rubber, has the transverse groove that is used for draining, and perhaps it can be by polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK
TM) be woven into enough pines and make with the net that allows draining.Other raw material and drainage arrangement also are fine.A kind ofly treat that separated raw slurry is transported to and be with.This filtrate in the process that slurries betransported by vacuum accessories pass with on the hole be discharged from, only carry out under gravity but also can be used as selection, discharge dehydrated mat at last.
Level band filter is effectively and is used for the liquid/solid separator of heavy-duty machinery reliably.The improvement of technology has in recent years caused the generation of the large-scale band of high mechanical properties.This band supports the improvement in the mechanical technique of heavy band to match with being used for of needing in operating process, and can produce the filter of high-throughput.Modern level band filter can reach and surpass 50 meters/minute belt speed and can produce very short circulation timei.
Because the filtration of usage level band filter also can operate with vacuum accessories, from separating liquid the insoluble residue that stays being process very efficiently.
In addition, the operating sequence in the filter process is such: aqueous solvent is applied in retentate towards the end of filter, and filtrate is collected and put on charging and be recycled by the upstream point at band.This means that last wash filtrate was collected after the final countercurrent washing stage, this wash filtrate is compared the concentration that filtrate that traditional filtering collects has been improved solvable raw material.
Yet it is but apparent by no means that level band filter is used for the suitability of tobacco industry.These filters are designed to separating liquid from heavy or dense thick raw material, and, therefore, show that without any things they can be used to tobacco and handle.
Yet applicant's discovery level band filter in fact is suitable for the extraction of tobacco and is doing tobacco extract surprising good aspect insoluble residue separates.What deserves to be mentioned is most that the content that finally appears at the solvable tobacco component in the aqueous extract is compared by extracting observed content simple intermittence and promoted to some extent.
Therefore the use of level band filter has improved the validity of tobacco extraction and separation process, and can obtain higher output.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, first aspect of the present invention has provided the process that a kind of usage level band filter carries out the tobacco processing.
In one embodiment of the invention, this process comprises that using aqueous solvent or organic solvent to extract tobacco also filters the product that extracts.One of extraction or filtration step or both operate on a kind of level band filter.The tobacco that is extracted may constantly be transported on the level band filter and can carry out continuously when tobacco this extraction and filtration step when filter transmits.This filtrate can be recycled and utilize as the extraction solvent that is fed to the tobacco of level band filter.In a most preferred embodiment, be from one or more downstreams countercurrent washing stage with the filtrate that is recycled.
In another embodiment, process of the present invention comprises with enzyme in addition and handles tobacco.In most preferred embodiment, this enzyme is a proteolytic enzyme.
This process comprises in addition with the flushed enzyme handles tobacco.This step is an extraction step in essence, because this residual enzyme extracts away from baccy fiber.This salt rinse stage is preferably on the horizon-lai filters carries out.This enzyme is handled tobacco can be by flushed twice, and wherein two salt rinsing steps carry out on the level band filter that separates.In most preferred embodiment, the salt flushing is best along with tobacco carries out continuously along the filter transmission, and preferably is recycled and is used as the salting liquid of the tobacco salt flushing for the first time on the level band filter that is sent to salt flushing for the first time from the filtrate of the salt flushing second time.
In another embodiment, this process comprises the enzyme-deactivating that makes in the tobacco in addition.Deactivation can take place in steam treatment, heat treatment or chemical treatment to tobacco.Deactivation is preferably on the level band filter to be carried out tobacco.
Therefore, in one embodiment, this process is used a plurality of level band filter runnings, and is continuous process.
In another embodiment, this process comprises uses aqueous solvent or organic solvent to extract tobacco, handle tobacco with enzyme, the tobacco of handling with this enzyme of flushed and make enzyme-deactivating in the tobacco, wherein one or more in these steps carry out on level band filter.In another embodiment, all these steps are all carried out on level band filter.
In a preferred embodiment, this tobacco extract that comes from extraction step is processed therefrom to remove albumen, preferably uses bentonite in treatment.This tobacco extract can be used as selection or additionally processed therefrom to remove polyhydric phenols, is preferably handled by crospovidone (PVPP).
Process of the present invention preferably comprises in addition extracts combining again of tobacco and the tobacco extract of handling.
In aspect second of the present invention, provide a kind of by the obtainable tobacco product of process of the present invention.
In aspect the 3rd of the present invention, provide a kind of smoking product that comprises by the obtainable tobacco of process of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Figure 1 shows that when transportation on level band filter during tobacco tobacco extract and the operating sequence of the recirculation of wash filtrate.
Figure 2 shows that water flat rubber belting filter comes extracting the operating sequence that tobacco carries out the salt flushing.
Figure 3 shows that the salt second time that extracts tobacco on level band filter when tobacco is transported washes and the operating sequence of the recirculation of wash filtrate.
Figure 4 shows that usage level band filter comes clear water flushing tobacco to remove salt and to make the operating sequence of enzyme-deactivating.
Figure 5 shows that the process that tobacco is handled, wherein extraction of tobacco and washing subsequently use the level band filter of a plurality of polyphones to handle.Combination again after the tobacco that this tobacco is extracted and handled.
The specific embodiment
In one embodiment of the invention, be to take out stalk, cut, shred or pulverize tobacco with the tobacco material that is extracted.In most preferred embodiment, this tobacco is the tobacco of chopping.Yet the tobacco of other form also can use method described here to extract.
This tobacco material for extract can with solvent to form slurries.This solvent can be added into according to the proportion between 10: 1 to 50: 1 in the tobacco material, and reasonable is between 20: 1 to 40: 1 and preferably between 25: 1 to 30: 1.In a concrete preferred embodiment, the solvent that adds tobacco material is 27: 1 a proportion.
This solvent can be organic solvent, but preferably aqueous solvent or water.Beginning most of leaching process, this solvent is water normally, but also can comprise the alcohol of ethanol for example or methyl alcohol, and perhaps it can comprise surfactant.Also can use other solvent, depend on the concrete composition that from tobacco, extracts.
These slurries can at first be formed at the tobacco mixed cylinder before pumping into second cylinder, use and extract such as plug flow reactor or continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR).
Extraction can be carried out between 15-85 ℃, and is preferably under 65 ℃ and carries out.Slurries are preferably in the leaching process and constantly are stirred, and make tobacco keep suspending like this.Extraction is preferably between 15 minutes to two hours to be carried out.In a preferred embodiment, extraction has been carried out about 20 minutes.
In leaching process, solvable tobacco component shifts out and enters solution from tobacco material.These compositions comprise nicotine, sugar, some albumen, amino acid, colloid, polyhydric phenols and spices.Initial weight tobacco up to about 55% is dissolved.
It is important to make the colloid in the baccy fiber in leaching process and processing procedure, to keep cross-bond to keep the fibre structure of tobacco.Therefore, calcium can be added into the solvent that is used for extracting tobacco and anyly be used for the solution that downstream processes is used.
After extracting, slurries enter being with of the first level band filter from extracting cylinder.In the transportation of slurries by with on hole discharging filtrate.These filtrates (" female filtrate ") are collected.
Simultaneously, stay level band filter with on insoluble tobacco residue can be in transportation by countercurrent washing further to be extracted, so that solvable composition as much as possible is removed from tobacco.
Along with tobacco is advanced along level band filter, tobacco extracted operating sequence is such: fresh solvent can be applied in tobacco towards the end of filter and this filtrate (" wash filtrate ") is collected.
This wash filtrate can be recycled by putting on the tobacco residue that enters of advancing on tape at the upstream point.Collect wash filtrate and the upstream of the tobacco residue that enters is applied wash filtrate again and can repeat for several times, even preferably three times, four times five times.Therefore, in the wash filtrate that tape leader is collected the most finally, along with and then removed solvable tobacco component up in the length of filter are concentrated.
When tobacco when level band filter is advanced, the scheme of extracting tobacco and recycling the wash filtrate operating sequence is as shown in fig. 1.
Last wash filtrate can be ready for use on extraction further by it being added fresh tobacco to form the tobacco slurries, recycles.For example, this last wash filtrate can be added into the tobacco mixed cylinder, and wherein the formation of tobacco slurries is prior to leaching process.
Therefore this leaching process can become a continuous process, and wherein fresh tobacco uses the recirculation wash filtrate to be extracted.Only tobacco uses fresh solvent to extract when this leaching process begins.In case leaching process begins, no longer in extraction, use fresh solvent, but only constitute this solvent by the recirculation wash filtrate.
Along with leaching process is proceeded, thereby extract becomes the solvable tobacco component that more and more concentrates.These compositions comprise the composition that enters solution in extracting cylinder in those primary extraction stages of carrying out (forming female filtrate), and the composition that enters solution on level band filter in those secondary extraction stages of carrying out (formation wash filtrate).
Therefore this final filtrate comprise female filtrate and wash filtrate.So, filter this tobacco residue that the back forms and be dissolved in composition in the solvent that uses in the leaching process completely without those.
Extracting tobacco can be being extruded of filtering, to remove any excess liquid at last.Therefore extracting tobacco normally comes out from level band filter with the form of dehydrated mat.
The final filtrate of mentioning hereinafter is known as tobacco extract, can be with post processing to remove those unwanted compositions in final tobacco product.Unwanted composition comprises protein, polypeptide, amino acid, polyphenol, nitrate, amine, nitrous acid and coloring mixture.Yet for example the level of the composition of needs such as sugar and nicotine should remain unaffected, and can be comparable to those original raw materials so that extract local flavor and the smoking performance of tobacco.
In a preferred embodiment, this tobacco extract is processed to remove protein, polypeptide and/or amino acid.Up to the protein that comprises in 60% the original tobacco material use hydroxyapatite for example or for example the insoluble adsorbent of Attagel or bentonitic bleaching earth mineral be removed.
This tobacco extract is preferably by bentonite in treatment, therefrom to remove polypeptide.The 2-4% of the weight of the tobacco that bentonite can extract at first is added into extract.As selection, this tobacco extract can be conveyed in the cylinder that contains bentonitic slurries.A kind of suitable slurries comprise the bentonite (per hour amount) of about 7kg in the water of about 64kg, for example, and 7.13kg bentonite in the 64.18kg water (per hour amount).Under any circumstance, to such an extent as to should be the enough high protein to contain in the abundant minimizing tobacco extract of this bentonite concentration is but also without Tai Gao absorbing nicotine therefrom again in addition.
Bentonite in treatment also can effectively be removed the coloring mixture in the tobacco, if do not remove, these mixtures have the tendency that after concentrating extract is deepened.When using a large amount of bentonite in treatment extracts, the minimizing of the amount of coloring mixture can make the outward appearance of product can be by undue deepening.
After bentonite in treatment, this tobacco extract can purify from slurries by centrifugal and/or filtration.
This tobacco extract also can, or as selecting, processed therefrom to remove polyphenol.Crospovidone (PVPP) is a kind of insoluble adsorbent that is used for polyphenol, generally is used in the brewery industry to remove polyphenol from beer.Weight can add in the extract for the PVPP of the 5-10% of initial tobacco of extracting.The PVPP of this amount can remove in the solution 50% to 90% polyphenol.
The optimum pH value of removing polyphenol with PVPP from tobacco extract is approximately 3.The efficient that is absorbed by PVPP can by add suitable acid for example hydrochloric acid reduce the pH of extract and therefore obtain increasing.
As using PVPP to absorb the replacement scheme of polyphenol, one or more enzymes can add in the tobacco extract with the polyphenol of therefrom degrading.Suitable enzyme is laccase (urushiol oxidase).
Yet the present invention is not limited to the method for only removing protein and/or polyphenol from tobacco.As selecting or additionally, enzyme, medium or adsorbent can be used to remove unwanted composition other tobacco component from tobacco extract.The example of the unwanted tobacco component that can remove from extract in addition comprises nitrate, amine and nitrosamine.
If remove multiple composition from tobacco extract, a plurality of cylinders can be by the polyphone assembling, and each comprises different enzymes, medium or adsorbent, to remove the selected part in the unwanted composition.As selection, an independent cylinder can comprise plurality of enzymes, medium or adsorbent, so that unwanted composition is removed in single step.For example, bentonite or PVPP receptacle can comprise one or more additional enzymes, medium or adsorbent so that not only remove protein or phenol from tobacco, and also remove one or more unwanted compositions.
Tobacco extract is being handled with after removing selected unwanted composition, and extract preferably is concentrated into the solid concentration between the proportion about 20 to 50%.The solid that concentrates up to 10% passes through to use the most effective acquisition of counter-infiltration.Another kind is concentrated into about 40% solid and can obtains by falling film evaporator.Other method for concentration can be used and be known by those skilled in that art.
Should concentrate tobacco extract can combine with the extraction tobacco subsequently again.
Yet, this tobacco of in the aqueous solution, having extracted as mentioned above preferably further be extracted with remove one or more other unwanted composition before concentrated tobacco extract combines again.
The further extraction of tobacco can use the enzyme of special selection to remove selected composition.
In a preferred embodiment, enzyme is the proteolytic enzyme that protein is shifted out from tobacco.This enzyme is preferably bacterial enzyme or fungal enzyme, more preferably the commercial enzyme in food and cleaning agent industry.This enzyme can be from by protease (Savinase)
TM, neutral proteinase (Neutrase)
TM, (Enzobake)
TMAnd alkali protease (Alcalase)
TMSelect in the group that constitutes, all these is on sale in Nove company (Nove Inc.).
This proteolytic enzyme preferably with account for tobacco material proportion 0.1 to 5% between amount add in the tobacco.For example, protease
TMAmount with heavily about 1% adds in the tobacco.
This tobacco can be in the solution of selected enzyme pulping again.The ratio of tobacco in water and the slurries should be between 10: 1 to 50: 1, and relatively good is between 20: 1 to 40: 1, and preferably between 25: 1 to 30: 1.In a concrete preferred embodiment, the solvent that adds tobacco material is 27: 1 a proportion by weight.
The pH of tobacco/enzymatic mixture should make it reach the optimum activity value.Therefore, the tobacco dehydrated mat supply of coming from the first level band filter has for example been regulated in the cylinder of pH as the alkali of NaOH by adding.This tobacco of regulating pH can be transported to the enzyme batch meter subsequently and mix with selected enzyme.This tobacco/enzymatic mixture can be transported to plug flow reactor subsequently, carries out enzyme here and extracts.
Enzyme extracts and to carry out promoting enzyme to reach under the temperature of optimum activity value.Best, be in a narrow and small temperature range, for example 30-40 ℃, to prevent enzyme denaturation.
Work as protease
TMBest operating condition when selected is 57 ℃ and pH9-11.
Enzyme extracts and carry out at least 45 minutes; Any is inadequate than all being considered to for proteolytic enzyme degrading tobacco protein this short continuous time.
Certainly, if there is multiple composition to be removed from tobacco, plurality of enzymes is extracted and is fine so.This can carry out a series of processing or plurality of enzymes can be added in the tobacco at single treatment step.
Just in first extraction step of processing procedure, add enzyme and also be fine, rather than formation independent extraction step subsequently.
After enzyme extracted, this tobacco/enzymatic mixture can be transported to the second level band blender and female filtrate is collected and as waste disposal.This insoluble tobacco residue can be washed by salting liquid, and sodium chloride solution preferably is to rinse out enzyme.The salt flushing can be carried out by reflux type in succession, extracts similar with the tobacco that is applied on the first level band filter.
Therefore this salting liquid can be applied on the last tobacco of filtering.This wash filtrate can be recycled and be used to wash at advance on tape tobacco residue of upstream point.The collection of wash filtrate and upstream are used in input tobacco residue again and can be handled for several times, even preferably three times, four times five times.The final wash filtrate of collecting at tape leader is as waste disposal.As shown in Figure 2.
The tobacco of salt flushing can be extruded at the end of band, therefrom to remove excess liquid.
Be transported to after this tobacco salt flushing mixed cylinder and plug flow reactor or continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with the salt flushing second time in salting liquid combine again.
This mixture can be transported on the 3rd level band filter and female filtrate is collected.This filtrate is by as waste disposal and can not be recycled.Fresh salting liquid, preferably sodium chloride solution can be applied in tobacco towards the end of filter.As before, this wash filtrate can be recycled and be used for to wash the tobacco residue of advancing on tape at upstream point.Collect wash filtrate and the tobacco residue upstream that enters is applied wash filtrate again and can be repeated for several times, even preferably three times, four times five times.Finally the wash filtrate of collecting at tape leader is recycled and is used to salt flushing for the first time.As shown in Figure 3.
The tobacco of this salt flushing is extruded so that redundant moisture is therefrom removed at the end of band.Best and new afterwards a collection of salt solution combines to guarantee the almost completely removal of enzyme from tobacco.Mixed cylinder and plug flow reactor or continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) can be used to this purpose.
For salt is removed, can carry out the clear water flushing from the tobacco of salt flushing.The tobacco of this salt flushing can be transported to being with of the 4th level band filter and female filtrate be collected and recycle be used for for the first time or for the second time salt wash.Water purification can be subsequently be applied in tobacco towards the end of filter.This wash filtrate can be recycled and be used to wash the tobacco residue of advancing on tape at upstream point.Collect wash filtrate and the tobacco residue upstream that enters is applied wash filtrate again and can be repeated for several times, even preferably three times, four times five times.Finally the wash filtrate of collecting at tape leader is got back to storage place of each normal saline washing.As shown in Figure 4.
Yet salt and water flushing may not can be removed all enzymes from tobacco.It is important that final tobacco product does not contain enzymatic activity fully, with the risk of the process operator of avoiding any any bad reaction relevant with the enzyme in the end product.
Therefore this washing tobacco can be processed with any enzyme that is retained in the remnants in the tobacco of deactivation in subsequently salt and water flushing.This can be by this tobacco of steam treatment with abundant inactivator, but not too in order to avoid tobacco loses its fibre structure.In one embodiment, steam treatment has been carried out under 98 ℃ four minutes, but this retention time can increase to about 10 minutes if desired.As selection, this tobacco can for example be used microwave or baking tobacco by heat treatment with inactivator.In another embodiment, this enzyme is inactivated in chemical modification; Yet need from tobacco, remove the step of chemical substance.
If this tobacco is cooked steam treatment, this can carry out when tobacco is terminal near the 4th level band filter, as shown in Figure 4.Excess liquid can be removed from tobacco by extruding.
Therefore, this process can comprise a series of separating step, and one or more can use a level band filter to carry out.In one embodiment, all operating procedures use a level band filter to carry out.Therefore this process can be continuous process, and wherein fresh tobacco is transported on the first level band filter continuously and the tobacco of handling is produced in the downstream continuously.In one embodiment, tobacco is extracted, salt flushing and enzyme-deactivating step be to carry out on each level band filter respectively and a plurality of for this purpose filter can be provided with by polyphone.As shown in Figure 5.
This processing tobacco can be further processed subsequently and make it be fit to combine with tobacco extract again.In a preferred embodiment, this tobacco is transported to the disintegrating machine that a tobacco that will become to fill up is broken into free-pouring fiber.
This processed tobacco can combine with concentrated tobacco extract subsequently again.The extract of handling is added back the extraction tobacco to guarantee to keep water-soluble flavor component and the nicotine of tobacco in the end product.Therefore combination produces a kind of tobacco product that contains the physical arrangement similar to original raw material and profile, taste and smoking performance again, but reduces protein in a large number, the level of polyphenol and other selected composition.
Again in conjunction with realizing by spraying tobacco extract on tobacco.Depend on the total number of dropouts of extract-treated with the amount of handling the original extraction thing that tobacco combines again, and change to some extent along with the difference of tobacco varieties with the processing procedure of removing selected components.
Can use the standard drying program with the oven dry tobacco, can with handle that tobacco extract combines again before, in the process or afterwards.The initial humidity that contains in the tobacco is generally about 70-80%.In a preferred embodiment, dried humidity should be about 14%.
Heat drier, curtain formula drier for example, the humidity that can be used to reduce to contain in the tobacco is to about 30%.Second heat drier, for example air dryer can use subsequently further to reduce institute's moisture content to about 14%.
Final dry product can be processed to final form subsequently, thin slice for example, and this thin slice can be shredded, to form all or part of cigarette filler.
But, since nearly 30% tobacco primitive component extract and processing procedure in therefrom removed, in the final products in the tobacco per unit tobacco weight concentration of reservation composition compare original raw material and promote to some extent.These compositions comprise cellulose, and cellulose can produce harmful volatile materials in the cigarette of sugar and starch when burning, for example acetaldehyde and formaldehyde.
In order to remedy this problem, a kind of filter of specific type can be included in and contain in the smoking product of handling tobacco.United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 033 has been described a kind of suitable filter No. 361, and it comprises the macropore amine type anion exchange resin that only contains a large amount of first amine groups, as the adsorbent of volatility smoke of tobacco composition.Also can contain carbon in the filter.
Claims (25)
1. the process of a usage level band filter process tobacco.
2. according to the process in the claim 1, comprise and use aqueous solvent or organic solvent to extract tobacco and filtration extraction product.
3. according to the process in the claim 2, wherein extraction and filtration step all carry out on level band filter.
4. according to the process in the claim 3, tobacco wherein to be extracted is transported to continuously on the level band filter and extracts continuously and filtration step when filter transports when tobacco.
5. according to the process in the claim 4, wherein filtrate be recycled and the extraction of the tobacco on being transported to level band filter in be used as solvent.
6. according to the process among the claim 1-5, further comprise and handle tobacco with enzyme.
7. according to the process in the claim 6, wherein this enzyme is a proteolytic enzyme.
8. according to the process in claim 6 or 7, further comprise the tobacco of handling with the flushed enzyme.
9. the process in according to Claim 8, wherein the salt rinsing step carries out on level band filter.
10. the process in according to Claim 8, wherein the enzyme tobacco of handling is by twice of flushed.
11. according to the process in the claim 10, wherein twice salt rinsing step carries out on the level band filter that separates.
12., wherein wash when tobacco carries out salt continuously when filter transports according to the process in claim 9 or 11.
13., wherein be recycled and be used as the salting liquid that salt flushing for the first time is transported to the tobacco on the salt flushing water flat rubber belting filter for the first time from the filtrate of the salt flushing second time according to the process in the claim 12.
14., further comprise the enzyme in the deactivation tobacco according to the process among the claim 6-13.
15. according to the process in the claim 14, wherein deactivation is undertaken by steam treatment, heat treatment or chemical treatment tobacco.
16. according to the process in the claim 15, wherein deactivation is carried out on the tobacco on the level band filter.
17., wherein use the level band filter of a plurality of polyphones to carry out according to the process among the claim 1-16.
18. the process according in the claim 1 comprises:
(a) use aqueous solvent or organic solvent to extract tobacco;
(b) handle tobacco with enzyme;
(c) tobacco of handling with the flushed enzyme; And
(d) enzyme in the deactivation tobacco;
Wherein the one or more steps in (a) to (d) are carried out on level band filter.
19., comprise that further processing extracts resulting tobacco extract therefrom to remove protein from tobacco according to the process among the claim 2-18.
20. according to the process in the claim 19, wherein tobacco extract uses bentonite in treatment.
21., comprise that further this tobacco extract that processing obtains is therefrom to remove polyphenol from tobacco is extracted according to the process among the claim 2-20.
22. according to the process in the claim 21, wherein this tobacco extract uses crospovidone (PVPP) to handle.
23., further comprise combining again of the tobacco extract that extracts tobacco and processing according to the process among the claim 19-22.
24. by the tobacco that process obtained in the arbitrary claim among the claim 1-23.
25. smoking product that comprises the tobacco described in the claim 24.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB0810850.8A GB0810850D0 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2008-06-13 | Tobacco treatment |
| GB0810850.8 | 2008-06-13 | ||
| PCT/GB2009/050580 WO2009150444A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-05-28 | Tobacco treatment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102118983A true CN102118983A (en) | 2011-07-06 |
| CN102118983B CN102118983B (en) | 2014-03-05 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200980131316.1A Expired - Fee Related CN102118983B (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2009-05-28 | Tobacco treatment method, tobacco and smoke product |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110155152A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2285246A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2011522558A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20110031456A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102118983B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2009259082A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0915087A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2726838C (en) |
| GB (1) | GB0810850D0 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1154761A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2010013364A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2519905C2 (en) |
| UA (1) | UA101039C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009150444A1 (en) |
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| CN103908016A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-09 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco harm reduction processing solvent and method for reducing HCN (hydrogen cyanide) in mainstream cigarette smoke |
| CN104619165A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2015-05-13 | R.J.雷诺兹烟草公司 | Method for treating tobacco plants with enzymes |
| CN105815805A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-08-03 | 江苏中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for reducing concentration scaling of tobacco-papermaking-method-reconstruction extracting solution |
| CN110326813A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-15 | 郝连顺 | A kind of method of tobacco leaf upgrading harm reduction |
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| CN103648601A (en) * | 2011-02-09 | 2014-03-19 | 索尔维公司 | Process for the purification of a residue |
| US20130269719A1 (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2013-10-17 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Method for treating plants with probiotics |
| GB201221209D0 (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-01-09 | British American Tobacco Co | Treatment of tobacco material |
| GB201221193D0 (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-01-09 | British American Tobacco Co | Treatment of tobacco material |
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| GB201302485D0 (en) * | 2013-02-13 | 2013-03-27 | British American Tobacco Co | Tobacco Treatment |
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| GB201314917D0 (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2013-10-02 | British American Tobacco Co | Treated Tobacco and processes for preparing the same, Devices including the same and uses thereof |
| EP3097793B8 (en) | 2014-02-26 | 2021-03-17 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | Producing method of tobacco raw materials |
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| KR101851091B1 (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2018-04-20 | 니뽄 다바코 산교 가부시키가이샤 | Smoking flavor component extraction method and luxury food item constituent- component manufacturing method |
| EP3207809B1 (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2021-01-06 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | Producing method of tobacco raw materials |
| GB201504587D0 (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-05-06 | British American Tobacco Co | Improvements in methods of treating tobacco. |
| JP6371927B1 (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2018-08-08 | 株式会社 東亜産業 | Non-tobacco plant composition manufacturing method, electronic cigarette packing manufacturing method, electronic cigarette packing, and electronic cigarette cartridge using the same |
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- 2009-05-28 CN CN200980131316.1A patent/CN102118983B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-05-28 WO PCT/GB2009/050580 patent/WO2009150444A1/en active Application Filing
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- 2009-05-28 KR KR1020117000702A patent/KR20110031456A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-05-28 AU AU2009259082A patent/AU2009259082A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-05-28 UA UAA201100288A patent/UA101039C2/en unknown
- 2009-05-28 BR BRPI0915087A patent/BRPI0915087A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-05-28 CA CA2726838A patent/CA2726838C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-05-28 JP JP2011513051A patent/JP2011522558A/en active Pending
- 2009-05-28 MX MX2010013364A patent/MX2010013364A/en unknown
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| CN110326813A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-15 | 郝连顺 | A kind of method of tobacco leaf upgrading harm reduction |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2009150444A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
| CA2726838A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
| GB0810850D0 (en) | 2008-07-23 |
| EP2285246A1 (en) | 2011-02-23 |
| CN102118983B (en) | 2014-03-05 |
| MX2010013364A (en) | 2011-05-30 |
| BRPI0915087A2 (en) | 2015-10-27 |
| US20110155152A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
| KR20110031456A (en) | 2011-03-28 |
| AU2009259082A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
| CA2726838C (en) | 2014-05-13 |
| RU2011100109A (en) | 2012-07-20 |
| JP2011522558A (en) | 2011-08-04 |
| UA101039C2 (en) | 2013-02-25 |
| HK1154761A1 (en) | 2012-05-04 |
| RU2519905C2 (en) | 2014-06-20 |
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