CN102118585A - Method and device for acquiring dynamic image with fixed frame rate in image sensor - Google Patents
Method and device for acquiring dynamic image with fixed frame rate in image sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102118585A CN102118585A CN2009102389403A CN200910238940A CN102118585A CN 102118585 A CN102118585 A CN 102118585A CN 2009102389403 A CN2009102389403 A CN 2009102389403A CN 200910238940 A CN200910238940 A CN 200910238940A CN 102118585 A CN102118585 A CN 102118585A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for acquiring a dynamic image with a fixed frame rate in an image sensor. The image sensor comprises photosensitive pixel arrays which are arranged into columns and rows; and the method comprises the following steps of: starting to reset the photosensitive pixel arrays of a current image frame column by column at an initial position according to integrating time T1 of the current image frame; sequentially reading out the integrated columns of the photosensitive pixel arrays of the current image frame from the read-out initial position of the current image frame; resetting the (N+T1)th column of the photosensitive pixel arrays of the current image frame when the integrated Nth column of the photosensitive pixel arrays of the current image frame is read out, and resetting the Sth column of the photosensitive pixel arrays of the later image frame simultaneously, wherein N is more than S and less than (N+T1); and S, N and T1 are integers more than or equal to 1; repeatedly executing the steps A and B, and outputting the acquired simulation integrated image signal of the integrated columns. An effect that the frame rate of the image is kept constant when the integrating time is changed from short to long can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of image sensors, be specifically related to a kind of fixedly method and device of frame per second dynamic image of in imageing sensor, obtaining.
Background technology
For imageing sensor, its most crucial control is exactly to determine and the realization time of integration, the i.e. time for exposure; Be to realize by specific sequencing control the time of integration.And concerning imageing sensor, it realizes that the principle of the time of integration just is earlier all row of pel array to be resetted line by line by particular order within a certain period of time, uniformly-spaced by this reseting sequence particular row is read line by line after a period of time again.
Because whole time of integration, the realization of principle need be when handling pel array, need reset to the photosensitive pixel array at a last counting frame, read at next counting frame then, like this, obtain a picture frame from resetting to complete reading the time that just needs two counting frames, for improving frame per second, the method that we adopt usually is not only to carry out read operation but also carry out reset operation in a line time (time that the delegation to the photosensitive pixel array reads/resets), make in a counting frame time except finishing the reading and reset of current image frame, can also begin resetting of next picture frame.Wherein picture frame comprises effective frame length and idle frame length; When changing from small to big the time of integration, if its variable quantity is greater than the idle frame length in the current image frame, then in order to guarantee that current image frame and all provisional capitals of next picture frame can reset fully, need make the blanking time of next picture frame and current image frame elongated, thereby make frame per second diminish.Fig. 1 for prior art time of integration by 10 sequential charts that become 100 o'clock the integration that resets, by this figure as can be seen, owing to become the time of integration big, in order to guarantee that current image frame and all provisional capitals of next picture frame can reset fully, need make become 600 the blanking time (is 510 under the constant situation in the time of integration) of next picture frame and current image frame; Make that thus the image frame per second is slack-off, therefore can not satisfy NTSC (NatioNal TeleviSioN StaNdardS Committee, NTSC) or the fixing requirement of frame per second that need satisfy of PAL (PhaSe AlterNatiNg LiNe, line-by-line inversion) when output system.
Summary of the invention
The dynamic image that the present invention obtains for the imageing sensor that solves prior art can't be maintained fixed the technical problem of frame per second under the situation of changing from small to big the time of integration, a kind of fixedly method of frame per second dynamic image of obtaining in imageing sensor is provided, and this method comprises the steps:
A:, begin current image frame photosensitive pixel array is resetted line by line in original position with the current image frame T1 time of integration;
B: read original position from current image frame and begin successively capable the reading of integration to current image frame photosensitive pixel array, to capable the reading of N of the integration of described current image frame photosensitive pixel array the time, the N+T1 of the current image frame that resets photosensitive pixel array is capable, and the S of the back one picture frame photosensitive pixel array that resets simultaneously is capable, S＜N＜N+T1 wherein, S, N, T1 are more than or equal to 1 integer;
C: circulation execution in step A, B, and the capable analog integration picture signal output of the integration that will obtain.
For solving problems of the prior art, the present invention also provides another kind of and obtained the fixedly method of frame per second dynamic image in imageing sensor, and this method comprises the steps:
A1:, begin current image frame photosensitive pixel array is resetted line by line in original position with the current image frame T1 time of integration;
B1: judge under the state of the delegation that can only reset at the same time, if keep frame per second constant (blanking time of back one picture frame and previous image frame is constant), whether reset and the resetting of one picture frame photosensitive pixel array of back of current image frame photosensitive pixel array can clash; If, execution in step C1 then;
C1: read original position from current image frame and begin successively capable the reading of integration to current image frame photosensitive pixel array, to capable the reading of N of the integration of described current image frame photosensitive pixel array the time, the N+T1 of the current image frame that resets photosensitive pixel array is capable, and the S of the back one picture frame photosensitive pixel array that resets simultaneously is capable, S＜N＜N+T1 wherein, S, N, T1 are more than or equal to 1 integer;
D1: circulation execution in step A1, B1, C1, and the capable analog integration picture signal output of the integration that will obtain.
For solving problems of the prior art, the present invention also provides and obtained the fixedly device of frame per second dynamic image in imageing sensor, comprising:
The time of integration generation unit, in order to produce the time of integration;
Comparing unit is in order to compare the time of integration of current image frame and the time of integration of back one picture frame; Wherein current image frame time of integration is less than the present image frame length; When after picture frame time of integration greater than current image frame time of integration, and the difference of one picture frame time of integration of current image frame time of integration and back output comparison signal during greater than the idle frame length of current image frame;
The integral control unit is in order to according to comparison signal with export integral control signal the time of integration;
The photosensitive pixel array in order to the control according to integral control signal, begins successively current image frame photosensitive pixel array to be resetted line by line from the current image frame original position that resets; Read original position from current image frame and begin successively capable the reading of integration current image frame photosensitive pixel array, to capable the reading of N of the integration of described current image frame photosensitive pixel array the time, the N+T1 of the current image frame that resets photosensitive pixel array is capable, and the unintegrated S of a picture frame photosensitive pixel array is capable after resetting simultaneously, and the capable integrated signal output of the integration that will obtain; S＜N＜N+T1 wherein, S, N, T1 are more than or equal to 1 integer.
The fixedly method and the device of frame per second dynamic image of in imageing sensor, obtaining provided by the invention, to capable capable the reading of N of the integration of described current image frame photosensitive pixel array the time, the N+T1 of the current image frame that resets photosensitive pixel array is capable, and reset simultaneously the back one picture frame photosensitive pixel array S integration is not capable; Compared with prior art, in the time of can guaranteeing that the photosensitive pixel array carries out the fixing integration operation of image frame per second, under the situation of changing from small to big the time of integration, guarantee that back one picture frame and current image frame reset fully, and the interval of back one picture frame and current image frame is constant, reached thus when guaranteeing picture quality, guaranteed the effect of can image exporting with fixing frame per second.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 for prior art time of integration by 10 sequential charts that become 100 o'clock the integration that resets;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 for time of integration of the embodiment of the invention by 10 sequential charts that become 100 o'clock the integration that resets.
Embodiment
In order to make technical problem solved by the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
Need to prove that the said picture frame of the embodiment of the invention comprises: effective frame length that the photosensitive pixel array of realizing the specific time of integration is read, and the idle frame length that carries out other operations; Wherein " carry out the idle frame length of other operations ", be the known technology of those skilled in the art, do not do at this and give unnecessary details.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the embodiment of the invention; Fig. 4 for time of integration of the embodiment of the invention by 10 sequential charts that become 100 o'clock the integration that resets.As Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 4: in imageing sensor, obtain the fixedly method of frame per second dynamic image, described imageing sensor comprises the photosensitive pixel array that is arranged as row and column, the frame counter of present embodiment carries out countdown with 510 to 0, and (wherein the number of all except that 0 all can continue the time of delegation, and 0 time that accounts for a system clock), the photosensitive pixel array has 490 row; When the frame useful signal was high level, it was effective to read row address; Wherein the time of integration be defined as technology well-known to those skilled in the art, do not repeat them here; Be that a certain effective row can be regarded as the time for exposure of this row from resetting to the time difference between reading in the photosensitive pixel array time of integration, and be the integral multiple of delegation's required time in the output photosensitive pixel array; The value of the time of integration generally equals in the frame a certain moment reset line address and deducts and read the poor of row address.
This method comprises the steps:
At first, begin current image frame photosensitive pixel array is resetted line by line in original position with current time of integration of T1;
Read original position from current image frame then and begin successively capable the reading of integration current image frame photosensitive pixel array, to capable the reading of N of the integration of described current image frame photosensitive pixel array the time, the N+T1 of the current image frame that resets photosensitive pixel array is capable, and the S of the back one picture frame photosensitive pixel array that resets simultaneously is capable, S＜N＜N+T1 wherein, S, N, T1 are more than or equal to 1 integer;
As shown in Figure 4, frame counter is counted with 510 to 0, and when the frame useful signal was high level, it was effective to read row address; Suppose that be 10 the current time of integration, be 100 the time of integration of back one frame; Then begin current image frame photosensitive pixel array is resetted line by line in original position (reset line address the 0th row); Read original position (read row address the 0th row) beginning successively to capable the reading of integration of current image frame photosensitive pixel array, to realize the time of integration from current image frame then; When the 411st row of the integration of described current image frame photosensitive pixel array is read, the 421st row of the current image frame that resets photosensitive pixel array, and the 1st row of the back one picture frame photosensitive pixel array that resets simultaneously (one picture frame reset line address, corresponding back).Can draw by Fig. 4, because the time of integration is all the time less than the present image frame length, the interval of back one picture frame frame length and current image frame frame length can remain 510, under the situation of changing from small to big in the time of integration, guaranteed the effect of can image exporting with fixing frame per second.
C: circulation execution in step A, B, and the capable analog integration picture signal output of the integration that will obtain,
Also comprise after described step C in the invention process: with described analog integration picture signal analog-to-digital conversion is the step of digital integration picture signal; Described digital integration picture signal is carried out the step that picture signal is handled and exported, with the image of finally being handled well.
In the invention process, in the frame time, the time of integration of effective row of photosensitive pixel array is identical.
In the invention process, also be included in the frame time, to effective row of photosensitive pixel array finish read or reset after, to the step of the horizontal reset of advancing do not used; In order to empty the stored charge of the row of not using, in the ranks crosstalk to avoid appearance, make it be unlikely to influence the data output of effective row; In certain embodiments, the photosensitive pixel array need be carried out interlacing and reset/read, the row of not using this moment is the row that is resetting/reading between the row; In certain embodiments, the horizontal reset of advancing that need the photosensitive pixel array portion is adjacent/read, the row do not used was and was positioned at photosensitive pixel array reset/read row above and/or under capable this moment.
The embodiment of the invention also provides another kind of and obtained the fixedly method of frame per second dynamic image in imageing sensor, and this method comprises the steps:
A1:, begin current image frame photosensitive pixel array is resetted line by line in original position with the current image frame T1 time of integration;
B1: judge under the state of the delegation that only resets at the same time if keep frame per second constant, whether reset and the resetting of one picture frame photosensitive pixel array of back of current image frame photosensitive pixel array can clash; If, execution in step then
C1: read original position from current image frame and begin successively capable the reading of integration to current image frame photosensitive pixel array, to capable the reading of N of the integration of described current image frame photosensitive pixel array the time, the N+T1 of the current image frame that resets photosensitive pixel array is capable, and the S of the back one picture frame photosensitive pixel array that resets simultaneously is capable, S＜N＜N+T1 wherein, S, N, T1 are more than or equal to 1 integer;
D1: circulation execution in step A1, B1, C1, and the capable analog integration picture signal output of the integration that will obtain.With the image of finally being handled well.
As shown in Figure 4, the frame counter of present embodiment is counted with 510 to 0, photosensitive pixel array 490 row; When the frame useful signal was high level, it was effective to read row address; Wherein the time of integration be defined as technology well-known to those skilled in the art, do not repeat them here; Be that a certain effective row can be regarded as the time for exposure of this row from resetting to the time difference between reading in the photosensitive pixel array time of integration, and be the integral multiple of delegation's required time in the output photosensitive pixel array; The value of the time of integration generally equals in the frame a certain moment reset line address and deducts and read the poor of row address.
In embodiments of the present invention,
At first suppose the current time of integration 10, begin current image frame photosensitive pixel array is resetted line by line in original position (reset line address the 0th row);
Judge then under the state of the delegation that can only reset at the same time if keep frame per second constant, whether reset and the resetting of one picture frame photosensitive pixel array of back of current image frame photosensitive pixel array can clash; If, execution in step C1 then;
In the present embodiment, be 10 the time of integration of current image frame, and be 100 the time of integration of back one picture frame; Wherein current image frame time of integration 10 is less than present image frame length 510; One picture frame time of integration 100 of back is greater than current image frame time of integration 10, and the back subtracts the 90 idle frame lengths 32 greater than current image frame that differ from of current image frame time of integration 10 one picture frame time of integration 100, therefore judge current image frame photosensitive pixel array reset and resetting of one picture frame photosensitive pixel array of back is to clash.
Execution in step C1: read original position (read row address the 0th row) beginning successively to capable the reading of integration of current image frame photosensitive pixel array from current image frame, when the 411st row of the integration of described current image frame photosensitive pixel array is read, the 411+10 of the current image frame that resets photosensitive pixel array is capable, and the 1st row of the back one picture frame photosensitive pixel array that resets simultaneously (one picture frame reset line address, corresponding back);
Last execution in step D1: circulation execution in step A1, B1, C1, and the capable analog integration picture signal output of the integration that will obtain.
Can draw by Fig. 4, in the picture frame increase time of integration afterwards is under 100 the situation, the interval of back one picture frame and current image frame can remain 510, interval when constant with the time of integration is the same, reached thus under the situation of changing from small to big the time of integration, guaranteed the effect of can image exporting with fixing frame per second.
In the invention process, also comprise after described step D1: with described analog integration picture signal analog-to-digital conversion is the step of digital integration picture signal; Described digital integration picture signal is carried out the step that picture signal is handled and exported.With the image of finally being handled well.
In the invention process, in the frame time, the time of integration of effective row of photosensitive pixel array is identical.
In the invention process, also be included in the frame time, to effective row of photosensitive pixel array finish read or reset after, to the step of the horizontal reset of advancing do not used; In order to empty the stored charge of the row of not using, in the ranks crosstalk to avoid appearance, make it be unlikely to influence the data output of effective row; In certain embodiments, the photosensitive pixel array need be carried out interlacing and reset/read, the row of not using this moment is the row that is resetting/reading between the row; In certain embodiments, the horizontal reset of advancing that need the photosensitive pixel array portion is adjacent/read, the row do not used was and was positioned at photosensitive pixel array reset/read row above and/or under capable this moment.
Fig. 3 is the theory diagram of the embodiment of the invention; As shown in Figure 3, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of fixedly device of frame per second dynamic image that obtains in imageing sensor, comprising:
The time of integration generation unit, in order to produce the time of integration;
Comparing unit is in order to compare the time of integration of current image frame and the time of integration of back one picture frame; Wherein current image frame time of integration is less than the present image frame length; When after picture frame time of integration greater than current image frame time of integration, and the difference of one picture frame time of integration of current image frame time of integration and back output comparison signal during greater than the idle frame length of current image frame;
The integral control unit is in order to according to comparison signal with export integral control signal the time of integration;
The photosensitive pixel array in order to the control according to integral control signal, begins successively current image frame photosensitive pixel array to be resetted line by line from the current image frame original position that resets; Read original position from current image frame and begin successively capable the reading of integration current image frame photosensitive pixel array, to capable the reading of N of the integration of described current image frame photosensitive pixel array the time, the N+T1 of the current image frame that resets photosensitive pixel array is capable, and the unintegrated S of a picture frame photosensitive pixel array is capable after resetting simultaneously, and the capable analog integration picture signal output of the integration that will obtain; S＜N＜N+T1 wherein, S, N, T1 are more than or equal to 1 integer.
The embodiment of the invention also comprises: AD conversion unit, in order to being the digital integration picture signal with described analog integration picture signal analog-to-digital conversion; Image signal processing unit, picture signal is handled and output in order to described digital integration picture signal is carried out.
In embodiments of the present invention, in the process of obtaining a picture frame, the time of integration of effective row of photosensitive pixel array is identical.
The embodiment of the invention can reach current image frame and can reset fully with back one picture frame, and keep the interval of back one picture frame and current image frame constant, effect that image frame per second constant when changing from small to big the time of integration.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. obtain the fixedly method of frame per second dynamic image in imageing sensor, described imageing sensor comprises the photosensitive pixel array that is arranged as row and column, it is characterized in that, this method comprises the steps:
A:, begin current image frame photosensitive pixel array is resetted line by line in original position with the current image frame T1 time of integration;
B: read original position from current image frame and begin successively capable the reading of integration to current image frame photosensitive pixel array, to capable the reading of N of the integration of described current image frame photosensitive pixel array the time, the N+T1 of the current image frame that resets photosensitive pixel array is capable, and reset the time of integration S of back one picture frame photosensitive pixel array of a picture frame is capable simultaneously, S＜N＜N+T1 wherein, S, N, T1 are more than or equal to 1 integer;
C: circulation execution in step A, B, and the capable analog integration picture signal output of the integration that will obtain.
2. the fixedly method of frame per second dynamic image of obtaining in imageing sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise after described step C: with described analog integration picture signal analog-to-digital conversion is the step of digital integration picture signal; Described digital integration picture signal is carried out the step that picture signal is handled and exported.
3. the fixedly method of frame per second dynamic image of obtaining in imageing sensor according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: in the process of obtaining a picture frame, the time of integration of effective row of photosensitive pixel array is identical.
4. the fixedly method of frame per second dynamic image of in imageing sensor, obtaining according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: in the process of obtaining a picture frame, also comprise, to effective row of photosensitive pixel array finish read or reset after, to the step of the horizontal reset of advancing do not used.
5. the fixedly method of frame per second dynamic image of obtaining in imageing sensor according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described effective row comprises the row of space.
6. the fixedly method of frame per second dynamic image of obtaining in imageing sensor according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described effective row comprises adjacent row.
7. obtain the fixedly method of frame per second dynamic image in imageing sensor, it is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
A1:, begin current image frame photosensitive pixel array is resetted line by line in original position with the current image frame T1 time of integration;
B1: judge under the state of the delegation that only resets at the same time if keep frame per second constant, whether reset and the resetting of one picture frame photosensitive pixel array of back of current image frame photosensitive pixel array can clash; If, execution in step C1 then;
C1: read original position from current image frame and begin successively capable the reading of integration to current image frame photosensitive pixel array, to capable the reading of N of the integration of described current image frame photosensitive pixel array the time, the N+T1 of the current image frame that resets photosensitive pixel array is capable, and reset the time of integration S of back one picture frame photosensitive pixel array of a picture frame is capable simultaneously, S＜N＜N+T1 wherein, S, N, T1 are more than or equal to 1 integer;
D1: circulation execution in step A1, B1, C1, and the capable analog integration picture signal output of the integration that will obtain.
8. the fixedly method of frame per second dynamic image of in imageing sensor, obtaining according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: judge under the state of the delegation that can only reset at the same time, if keep frame length constant, the concrete grammar that clashes that resets that resets with back one picture frame photosensitive pixel array of current image frame photosensitive pixel array is: compared the time of integration with back one picture frame time of integration of current image frame; Wherein current image frame time of integration is less than the present image frame length; When after picture frame time of integration greater than current image frame time of integration, and back one picture frame subtracts the idle frame length of the difference of current image frame time of integration greater than current image frame the time of integration.
9. the fixedly method of frame per second dynamic image of obtaining in imageing sensor according to claim 7 is characterized in that: also comprise after described step D1: with described analog integration picture signal analog-to-digital conversion is the step of digital integration picture signal; Described digital integration picture signal is carried out the step that picture signal is handled and exported.
10. according to the described fixedly method of frame per second dynamic image of obtaining in imageing sensor of each claim of claim 7 to 9, it is characterized in that: in the process of obtaining a picture frame, the time of integration of effective row of photosensitive pixel array is identical.
11. according to the described fixedly method of frame per second dynamic image of in imageing sensor, obtaining of each claim of claim 7 to 9, it is characterized in that: in the process of obtaining a picture frame, also comprise, to effective row of photosensitive pixel array finish read or reset after, to the step of the horizontal reset of advancing do not used.
12. the fixedly method of frame per second dynamic image of obtaining in imageing sensor according to claim 11, it is characterized in that: described effective row comprises the row of space.
13. the fixedly method of frame per second dynamic image of obtaining in imageing sensor according to claim 11, it is characterized in that: described effective row comprises adjacent row.
14. in imageing sensor, obtain the fixedly device of frame per second dynamic image, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The time of integration generation unit, in order to produce the time of integration;
Comparing unit is in order to compare the time of integration of current image frame and the time of integration of back one picture frame; Wherein current image frame time of integration is less than the present image frame length; When after picture frame time of integration greater than current image frame time of integration, and the difference of one picture frame time of integration of current image frame time of integration and back output comparison signal during greater than the idle frame length of current image frame;
The integral control unit is in order to according to comparison signal with export integral control signal the time of integration;
The photosensitive pixel array in order to the control according to integral control signal, begins successively current image frame photosensitive pixel array to be resetted line by line from the current image frame original position that resets; Read original position from current image frame and begin successively capable the reading of integration current image frame photosensitive pixel array, to capable the reading of N of the integration of described current image frame photosensitive pixel array the time, the N+T1 of the current image frame that resets photosensitive pixel array is capable, and the unintegrated S of a picture frame photosensitive pixel array is capable after resetting simultaneously, and the capable analog integration picture signal output of the integration that will obtain; S＜N＜N+T1 wherein, S, N, T1 are the integer more than or equal to 1.
15. the fixedly device of frame per second dynamic image that obtains in imageing sensor according to claim 14 is characterized in that: also comprise:
AD conversion unit is in order to being the digital integration picture signal with described analog integration picture signal analog-to-digital conversion;
Image signal processing unit, picture signal is handled and output in order to described digital integration picture signal is carried out.
16. according to claim 14 or the 15 described fixedly devices of frame per second dynamic image that obtain in imageing sensor, it is characterized in that: in the process of obtaining a picture frame, the time of integration of effective row of photosensitive pixel array is identical.
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