CN102115987A - Formula of foam reactive dyeing system and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Formula of foam reactive dyeing system and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a formula of a foam dyeing system and a dyeing and finishing technical method. The formula contains 4-6g/L of foaming agent 270, 1-2g/L of foam stabilizer, 3-6ml/L of penetrating agent SU, 4-8g/L of thickening agent ACRACONC 2C, 1-5ml/L of dispersing agent NNO and 20-60g/L of reactive dye. The formula and the method have the following beneficial effects: the foam dyeing technology is applied to the textile printing and dyeing process and the method is simple to operate, energy-saving and environment-friendly and is beneficial to greatly improving the production efficiency; in the dyeing process, water consumption is greatly reduced and wastewater discharge is reduced, thus being beneficial to environmental protection; and the products have the advantages of high fastness, high dye color yield, uniform dyed cloth cover and the like.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of prescription and dyeing and finishing technique method of foam dyeing system.
Background technology:
The foam dyeing and finishing process technology of textiles is the new technology of rising the 1980s in the world, owing to need to heat and evaporate a large amount of water in the wet process of fabric.Therefore, the band liquid measure that reduces fabric in process is effective conservation measures in the dyeing and finishing industry, also is the effective measures that reduce environmental pollution simultaneously, and in low feeding technology with the tool potentiality of foam method.In the foam process, substituted by air in order to the part water of preparing REACTIVE DYES, chemicals and compounding agent solution, the replaced degree of water is high more, and the consumption of water is few more, then energy-conservation more and environmental protection.In addition, foam dyeing also has some other advantage, as enhances productivity, and the processing of can wetting reduces waste water, reduces the migration of dyestuff and chemicals.These advantages can make the wet processing of fabric totle drilling cost reduce greatly.
At present, the method for foam dyeing mostly is used for the dyeing process of textiles, and the inventor is through studying for a long period of time, success develop a kind of REACTIVE DYES foam dyeing dyeing and finishing technique.
Make good use of REACTIVE DYES and chemicals and mix the new method that the back uses foam dyeing to dye, the application of foam dyeing technology on the printing and dyeing circle opened up in succeeding in developing of this technology, reforms for the traditional dyeing mode and lays a good foundation.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the dyeing recipe that can foam after a kind of REACTIVE DYES being provided and chemicals mixing, the prescription of its foam dyeing system is applied in the stained clot-h, and produce a kind of dyeing new method.
Address the above problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The invention provides a kind of prescription of foam dyeing system, contain blowing agent 270 4-6g/L in the described prescription, foam stabilizer 1-2g/L, bleeding agent SU3-6ml/L, thickener ACRACONC 2C 4-8g/L, dispersing agent NNO 1-5ml/L and REACTIVE DYES 20-60g/L.
According to the prescription of above-mentioned a kind of foam dyeing system, described blowing agent is to be formed by the mixed of blowing agent thickener according to 1: 1.
According to the prescription of above-mentioned a kind of foam dyeing system, described foam stabilizer is a DDAO; Described bleeding agent is dye penetrant SU; Described thickener is thickener ACRACONC 2C; Described diffusant is a dispersing agent NNO.
According to the prescription of above-mentioned a kind of foam dyeing system, described dyestuff is reactive dark blue SNE 150%; Reactive yellow SNE 150%; Any or its mixture of reactive red SNE 150%.
Thickener ACRACONC 2C: this thickener mainly consists of the acroleic acid macromolecular polymer, be the anionic thickener, this thickener is light yellow thick liquid, soluble in water, the thickening efficiency height, nontoxic, non-corrosiveness, nonflammable, be widely used in acid neutral systems such as stamp PVA glue, stereoplasm, flocking slurry, white glue with vinyl, multiple film glue.Do paint thickener for printing, thickening effect is better, and is easy to use.
Dye penetrant SU: the main component of this bleeding agent is the compound of kinds of surface activating agent, colourless transparent liquid, nonionic, pH value is 6～8, soluble in water, anti-hard water, electrolyte, weak acid, alkali, dye penetrant DT has stronger infiltration, dissolving, level dyeing effect for low bubble bleeding agent; This bleeding agent has good permeability, helps the dyestuff dissolving, infilters fast in the fabric, obtains darker tinctorial yield, does not influence fabric coloured light.This bleeding agent can directly add in the dye bath, stirs; Also can dilute again earlier and add in the dye bath.
Dispersing agent NNO, the purposes printing and dyeing industry is mainly used in the reducing dye pigment pad dyeing, procrypsis acid-dyeing, the dyeing of dispersiveness and soluble vat dye etc.Can be used for the dyeing of silk/hair intertexture, silk is gone up does not have colouring yet.Diffusion auxiliary agent, rubber latex stabilizing agent when dye industry mainly is used as the manufacturing of dispersion and color lake, and leather auxiliary tanning agent.Form naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product sodium salt proterties outward appearance: the brown powdery solubility property of rice: the water intermediate ion type that is soluble in any hardness: anionic acid base number: 1% aqueous ph value 7-9 ionization: acidproof, alkaline-resisting, heat-resisting, anti-hard water, anti-inorganic salts.The property used with: can use simultaneously with anion and non-ionic surface active agent.Shelf-life: the sealing lucifuge can be preserved 6 months.Application process has superior proliferating property and protecting colloid performance, does not wait surfactant but there is the infiltration foaming.Protein and polyamide grain husk dimension there are affinity, fibers such as cotton, fiber crops are not had affinity.1, as the dispersion and the filler of dispersion, reducing dye, a DISPERSE DYES or reducing dye fineness adds can add grinder together with diffusant and dyestuff man-hour.The consumption of diffusion agent N is 0.5-3 times or 1.5-2 a times of DISPERSE DYES of reducing dye, also can stay partly to add with filler when commercialization of dyes.2, reducing dye dyeing pigment pad dyeing general diffusion agent N 3-5 grams per liter that adds in pad dyeing is bathed, the general diffusion agent N 15-20 grams per liter that adds in being stained with former bath.Generally can in dye bath, add the 0.5-1.5 grams per liter when 3, the disperse dyeing polyester fibre at high temp and pressure dyes.4, azoic dyes dyeing is in order to improve level dyeing and friction fastness, and the azoic coupling component bottoming is bathed the diffusant consumption and is generally the 2-5 grams per liter, and developing bath expands.
A kind of REACTIVE DYES foam dyeing and finishing technology new method, the detailed step of this foam dyeing new method is:
A, according to the prescription of above-mentioned foam dyeing system, the blowing agent, foam stabilizer, bleeding agent, thickener, diffusant and the REACTIVE DYES that prepare are put into foaming vessel in the lump, be hybridly prepared into the foam dyeing system, gentle agitation and heating a little, before foaming, make the temperature of expanding foam solution be controlled at room temperature the foam dyeing system of preparation, then agitator is placed foaming vessel, open agitator and stir;
B, when agitator begins to stir, slow down mixing speed, solid matter is wherein fully dissolved, quicken then to stir, and the situation of observing foaming, when the foam exquisiteness that produces, evenly after, adopt conventional method to measure blowing ratio, foam diameter, first discharge opeing time, the half-life of foam, parameters stops to stir after reaching standard;
C, the dyeing mixed liquor that will stir and air are 1 according to volume ratio: the ratio of 4-7 enters foam maker, sends to the foam applicator;
D, will place drying in oven through the cloth specimen of foam dyeing, bake out temperature is 80-100 ℃, and drying time is 1-3 minute, decatize then, 102 ℃ of temperature, 60 seconds-90 seconds time.
According to above-mentioned REACTIVE DYES foam dyeing new method, the mixing speed when agitator begins to stir described in the step c is 400-450 rev/min, and the mixing speed when described acceleration is stirred is 550-600 rev/min.
According to above-mentioned REACTIVE DYES foam dyeing dyeing and finishing technique new method, it is 4: 1～7: 1 that the standard of described parameters is respectively the blowing ratio of foam (ratio of expanding foam solution and air), and foam diameter is 19 * 10
-3～90 * 10
-3Mm, the first discharge opeing time of foam is 15-17s, the half-life of foam is for repairing less than 6 minutes.The preparation of foam stabilizer in the prescription of foam dyeing system: take by weighing a certain amount of foam stabilizer according to prescription, add distilled water according to the ratio of the ratio 1: 1～6 of foam stabilizer and distilled water, heating, gentle agitation are to dissolving fully, and be stand-by.
The preparation of bleeding agent in the prescription of foam dyeing system: measure the bleeding agent of certain star according to prescription, add distilled water, stir and make it abundant dissolving according to the ratio of the ratio 1: 3～7 of bleeding agent and distilled water, stand-by.
The preparation of thickener in the prescription of foam dyeing system: take by weighing a certain amount of thickener according to prescription, add distilled water according to the ratio of the ratio 1: 3～7 of thickener and distilled water, gentle agitation is placed 24h with it, and is stand-by.
The preparation of diffusant in the prescription of foam dyeing system: take by weighing a certain amount of diffusant according to prescription, add distilled water, stir and make it abundant dissolving according to the ratio of the ratio 1: 3～7 of diffusant and distilled water, stand-by.
Described blowing ratio is meant: the configuration REACTIVE DYES is mixed the ratio of the foam volume of back formation with the mixed liquid-to-air of chemicals, be blowing ratio.
Described foam diameter: take out small amount of foam, evenly be applied on the slide, place under the petrographic microscope, read foam diameter and it is converted.
The measuring method of first discharge opeing time: get the part foam in cone, make foam reach full scale, press stopwatch, leave standstill, when just having a drop of liquid to occur bottom observing, record the time, be the discharge opeing time just.
The measurement of half-life:
(1) separatory funnel method: put into foam in 250mL or 500mL separatory funnel, begin to clock this moment, weighs up the weight of foam fast with electronic balance, emits the liquid of discharge then in the separatory funnel.Splash in the small beaker of a known heavy, small beaker is placed on the balance, constantly weighs up the weight that oozes liquid, and to splash into liquid weight in the small beaker be that a half of foam wt just stops when weighing up on the balance, is the half-life during this period of time.
(2) conical graduate method: with a kind of tapered especially graduated cylinder that has scale, its volume can be 500mL or 1000mL.Measure the time of discharging half liquid volume, be the half-life of bubble burst.
Second method, i.e. conical graduate method are adopted in this experiment.
Positive beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the foam dyeing technology is applied in the textile printing and dyeing production process, simple to operate, the energy-saving and environmental protection of this foam dyeing method, and improved production efficiency greatly.
2, REACTIVE DYES foam dyeing dyeing and finishing new technologies of the present invention, water consumption significantly reduces in dyeing course. and reduce the discharging of waste water thus, helped environmental protection; And the processing of can wetting reduces the wet processing cost of fabric greatly.
3, dye the back fabric and have the fastness height, dyestuff tinctorial yield height, dyeing advantages such as cloth cover is even.
The physical index of REACTIVE DYES foam dyeing and finishing new technology:
Table one: REACTIVE DYES foam dyeing and finishing technical performance index test
Table two: REACTIVE DYES foam dyeing and finishing technical performance index test
Table three: REACTIVE DYES foam dyeing and finishing technical performance index test (COLOR FASTNESS: level)
| Color | Former change/be stained with in vain | Do/wet rubbing | The L value | The a value | The b value |
| Blue | 3.5/4 | 4/3.5 | 35.6 | 1.23 | -36.14 |
| Coffee | 4.5/3 | 3.5/3 | 22.24 | 9.93 | 7.72 |
| Green | 3.5/3.5 | 4/3.5 | 47.51 | -43.48 | 20.42 |
| Dark blue | 4.5/3 | 3.5/2.5 | 22.64 | 3.17 | -16.2 |
(the L value: depth value is a tinctorial yield, and 0 for black 100 be in vain, big more shallow more; The a value: red green value, on the occasion of for red negative value be green; The b value: champac value, on the occasion of be that yellow negative value is indigo plant)
The specific embodiment:
Following examples only in order to further specify the present invention, do not limit content of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The prescription of foam dyeing system: blowing agent 270 is 4g/L, and foam stabilizer is that DDAO 1g/L, dye penetrant SU are that 7.5ml/L, thickener ACRACONC 2C are that 4g/L, diffusant are 3ml/L and REACTIVE DYES 20g/L.
Blowing agent is the blowing agent dodecyl sodium sulfate; Described dyestuff is reactive dark blue SNE 150%; Reactive yellow SNE 150%; The mixture of reactive red SNE 150%.
The preparation of foam stabilizer: take by weighing a certain amount of foam stabilizer according to prescription, according to 1: 3 ratio of the ratio adding distilled water of foam stabilizer and distilled water, the heating gentle agitation is to dissolving fully, and is stand-by.
The preparation of bleeding agent: measure a certain amount of bleeding agent according to prescription, 1: 5 ratio of the ratio adding distilled water according to bleeding agent and distilled water stirs and makes it abundant dissolving, and is stand-by.
The preparation of thickener: take by weighing a certain amount of thickener according to prescription, according to 1: 5 ratio of the ratio adding distilled water of thickener and distilled water, gentle agitation is placed 24h with it, and is stand-by.
The preparation of diffusant: with taking by weighing a certain amount of diffusant, 1: 5 ratio of the ratio adding distilled water according to diffusant and distilled water stirs and makes it abundant dissolving, and is stand-by according to prescription.
A kind of foam dyeing new method, the detailed step of this foam dyeing new method is:
A, according to the prescription of above-mentioned foam dyeing system, the composite foamable agent, foam stabilizer, bleeding agent, thickener, diffusant and the dyestuff that prepare are put into foaming vessel in the lump, be mixed with the foam dyeing system, gentle agitation makes the temperature of expanding foam solution be controlled at 38 ℃ before foaming the foam dyeing system of preparing, and then agitator is placed foaming vessel, regulate the height of stirring rod, make just contacting container bottom not of its stirring rod, open agitator and stir, open stopwatch simultaneously;
B, when agitator begins to stir, slow down mixing speed, mixing speed is 450 rev/mins, and solid matter is wherein fully dissolved, and quickens then to stir, mixing speed is 550 rev/mins, observe the situation of foaming, when the foam exquisiteness that produces, evenly after, adopt conventional method to measure blowing ratio, foam diameter, first discharge opeing time, the half-life of foam, when the blowing ratio of foam is 5: 1, foam diameter is 20 * 10
-3Mm, the first discharge opeing time of foam is 18s, and the half-life of foam is 500s, and parameters stops to stir writing time after reaching standard;
C, will place drying in oven through the cloth specimen of foam dyeing, bake out temperature is 100 ℃, and drying time is 1 minute, decatize then, 102 ℃ of temperature, 60 seconds time.
Embodiment 2
The prescription of foam dyeing system: blowing agent 270 is 6g/L, and foam stabilizer DDAO 2g/L, dye penetrant SU are that 7.5ml/L, thickener ACRACONC 2C are that 6g/L, diffusant are 5ml/L and REACTIVE DYES 40g/L.
Blowing agent is the blowing agent dodecyl sodium sulfate; Described dyestuff is reactive dark blue SNE 150%; The mixture of reactive yellow SNE 150%.
The preparation of foam stabilizer: take by weighing a certain amount of foam stabilizer according to prescription, according to 1: 5 ratio of the ratio adding distilled water of foam stabilizer and distilled water, the heating gentle agitation is to dissolving fully, and is stand-by.
The preparation of bleeding agent: measure a certain amount of bleeding agent according to prescription, 1: 8 ratio of the ratio adding distilled water according to bleeding agent and distilled water stirs and makes it abundant dissolving, and is stand-by.
The preparation of thickener: take by weighing a certain amount of thickener by prosperous prescription, according to 1: 8 ratio of the ratio adding distilled water of thickener and distilled water, gentle agitation is placed 24h with it, and is stand-by.
The preparation of diffusant: with taking by weighing a certain amount of diffusant, 1: 8 ratio of the ratio adding distilled water according to diffusant and distilled water stirs and makes it abundant dissolving, and is stand-by according to prescription.
A kind of foam dyeing new method, the detailed step of this foam dyeing new method is:
A, according to the prescription of above-mentioned foam dyeing system, the composite foamable agent, foam stabilizer, bleeding agent, thickener, diffusant and the dyestuff that prepare are put into foaming vessel in the lump, be mixed with the foam dyeing system, gentle agitation makes the temperature of expanding foam solution be controlled at 39 ℃ before foaming the foam dyeing system of preparing, and then agitator is placed foaming vessel, regulate the height of stirring rod, make just contacting container bottom not of its stirring rod, open agitator and stir, open stopwatch simultaneously;
B, when agitator begins to stir, slow down mixing speed, mixing speed is 450 rev/mins, and solid matter is wherein fully dissolved, and quickens then to stir, mixing speed is 550 rev/mins, observe the situation of foaming, when the foam exquisiteness that produces, evenly after, adopt conventional method to measure blowing ratio, foam diameter, first discharge opeing time, the half-life of foam, when the blowing ratio of foam is 5: 1, foam diameter is 55 * 10
-3Mm, the first discharge opeing time of foam is 28s, and the half-life of foam is 650s, and parameters stops to stir writing time after reaching standard;
C, will place drying in oven through the cloth specimen of foam dyeing, bake out temperature is 90 ℃, and drying time is 2 minutes, decatize then, 102 ℃ of temperature, 80 seconds time.
Embodiment 3
The prescription of foam dyeing system: blowing agent 270 is 5g/L, and foam stabilizer DDAO 1g/L, dye penetrant SU are that 7.5ml/L, thickener ACRACONC 2C are that 5g/L, diffusant are 1ml/L and REACTIVE DYES 60g/L.
Blowing agent is the blowing agent dodecyl sodium sulfate; Described dyestuff is the mixture of reactive dark blue SNE 150%, reactive yellow SNE 150% and reactive red SNE 150%.
The preparation of foam stabilizer: take by weighing a certain amount of foam stabilizer according to prescription, according to 1: 5 ratio of the ratio adding distilled water of foam stabilizer and distilled water, the heating gentle agitation is to dissolving fully, and is stand-by.
The preparation of bleeding agent: measure a certain amount of bleeding agent according to prescription, 1: 10 ratio of the ratio adding distilled water according to bleeding agent and distilled water stirs and makes it abundant dissolving, and is stand-by.
The preparation of thickener: take by weighing a certain amount of thickener according to prescription, according to 1: 10 ratio of the ratio adding distilled water of thickener and distilled water, gentle agitation is placed 24h with it, and is stand-by.
The preparation of diffusant: with taking by weighing a certain amount of diffusant, 1: 10 ratio of the ratio adding distilled water according to diffusant and distilled water stirs and makes it abundant dissolving, and is stand-by according to prescription.
A kind of foam dyeing new method, the detailed step of this foam dyeing new method is:
A, according to the prescription of above-mentioned foam dyeing system, the composite foamable agent, foam stabilizer, bleeding agent, thickener, diffusant and the dyestuff that prepare are put into foaming vessel in the lump, be mixed with the foam dyeing system, gentle agitation makes the temperature of expanding foam solution be controlled at 38 ℃ before foaming the foam dyeing system of preparing, and then agitator is placed foaming vessel, regulate the height of stirring rod, make just contacting container bottom not of its stirring rod, open agitator and stir, open stopwatch simultaneously;
B, when agitator begins to stir, slow down mixing speed, mixing speed is 450 rev/mins, and solid matter is wherein fully dissolved, and quickens then to stir, mixing speed is 550 rev/mins, observe the situation of foaming, when the foam exquisiteness that produces, evenly after, adopt conventional method to measure blowing ratio, foam diameter, first discharge opeing time, the half-life of foam, when the blowing ratio of foam is 6: 1, foam diameter is 90 * 10
-3Mm, the first discharge opeing time of foam is 35s, and the half-life of foam is 800s, and parameters stops to stir writing time after reaching standard;
C, will place drying in oven through the cloth specimen of foam dyeing, bake out temperature is 80 ℃, and drying time is 3 minutes, decatize then, 102 ℃ of temperature, 90 seconds time.
Claims (8)
1. the prescription of a foam dyeing system is characterized in that: be made up of blowing agent 4-6g/L, foam stabilizer 1-2/L, bleeding agent 3-6ml/L, thickener 4-8g/L, diffusant 1-5ml/L and REACTIVE DYES 20-60g/L in the described prescription.
2. the prescription of a kind of foam dyeing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described blowing agent is to form by 1: 1 mixed with thickener, and described blowing agent is a dodecyl sodium sulfate.
3. the prescription of a kind of foam dyeing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described foam stabilizer is a DDAO; Described bleeding agent is dye penetrant SU; Described thickener is thickener ACRACONC 2C; Described diffusant is a dispersing agent NNO.
4. the prescription of a kind of foam dyeing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described dyestuff is a REACTIVE DYES.
5. the prescription of a kind of foam dyeing system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described reactive dark blue SNE 150%; Reactive yellow SNE 150%; Reactive red SNE 150%; In any or its mixture.
6. REACTIVE DYES foam dyeing new method is characterized in that the step of this foam dyeing new method is:
A, dye the prescription of inclusion system according to the described foam of claim 1, the blowing agent, foam stabilizer, bleeding agent, thickener, diffusant and the REACTIVE DYES that prepare are put into foaming vessel in the lump, be hybridly prepared into the foam dyeing system, gentle agitation, before foaming, make the temperature of expanding foam solution be controlled at room temperature the foam dyeing system of preparation, then agitator is placed foaming vessel, open agitator and stir;
B, when agitator begins to stir, slow down mixing speed, solid matter is wherein fully dissolved, quicken then to stir, and the situation of observing foaming, when the foam exquisiteness that produces, evenly after, adopt conventional method to measure blowing ratio, foam diameter, first discharge opeing time, the half-life of foam, parameters stops to stir writing time after reaching standard;
C, the dyeing mixed liquor that will stir are 1 according to the volume ratio with air: the ratio of 4-7 sends to the foam applicator;
D, will place drying in oven through the cloth specimen of foam dyeing, bake out temperature is 80-100 ℃, and drying time is 1-3 minute, decatize then, 102 ℃ of temperature, 60 seconds-90 seconds time.
7. foam dyeing new method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the mixing speed when agitator begins to stir described in the step b is 450 rev/mins, and the mixing speed when described acceleration is stirred is 550-600 rev/min.
8. REACTIVE DYES foam dyeing according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the blowing ratio of described foam is 4: 1～7: 1, and described foam diameter is 19 * 10
-3～90 * 10
-3Mm, the first discharge opeing time of described foam is 15～17s, the half-life of described foam is less than 6 minutes.
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| CN103469621A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2013-12-25 | 句容市后白镇迎瑞印花厂 | Dyeing and finishing technology of three-dimensional fabric |
| CN103757943A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2014-04-30 | 句容市后白镇迎瑞印花厂 | Active dye dyeing process of jean fabric |
| CN105155310A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2015-12-16 | 耿云花 | Dyeing and finishing processing method for corn fiber/cotton fiber blended fabric |
| CN106012592A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-12 | 绍兴文理学院 | Circulation dyeing method for dye wastewater |
| CN106087483A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-11-09 | 刘慧宝 | A kind of novel environment friendly low bubble dye penetrant |
| CN106223081A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-14 | 刘慧宝 | A kind of novel environment friendly high-efficiency dye penetrant |
| CN106223080A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-14 | 刘慧宝 | A kind of high temperature resistant dye penetrant of novel environment friendly |
| CN106245376A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-21 | 刘慧宝 | A kind of alkaline-resisting dye penetrant of novel environment friendly |
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| CN103757943A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2014-04-30 | 句容市后白镇迎瑞印花厂 | Active dye dyeing process of jean fabric |
| CN103757943B (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2016-01-06 | 句容市后白镇迎瑞印花厂 | A kind of reactive dyeing process of jean |
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| CN105155310A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2015-12-16 | 耿云花 | Dyeing and finishing processing method for corn fiber/cotton fiber blended fabric |
| CN106012592A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-12 | 绍兴文理学院 | Circulation dyeing method for dye wastewater |
| CN106087483A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-11-09 | 刘慧宝 | A kind of novel environment friendly low bubble dye penetrant |
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Application publication date: 20110706 |