CN102115885B - Oil-free self-lubricating plating technique of aluminum alloy parts - Google Patents
Oil-free self-lubricating plating technique of aluminum alloy parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN102115885B CN102115885B CN2009102475803A CN200910247580A CN102115885B CN 102115885 B CN102115885 B CN 102115885B CN 2009102475803 A CN2009102475803 A CN 2009102475803A CN 200910247580 A CN200910247580 A CN 200910247580A CN 102115885 B CN102115885 B CN 102115885B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oil-free self-lubricating plating technique of aluminum alloy parts, which comprises pretreatment of workpieces before plating, intermediate treatment of copper plating, treatment of self-lubricating wear-resistant plating and heat treatment after plating; and the oil-free self-lubricating treatment technique is characterized in that the pretreatment of workpiees before plating refers to oil removal of workpieces in an oil removing liquid prepared by trisodium phosphate, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate and water; the intermediate treatment of copper plating refers to copper plating of the workpieces in a copper sulfate solution; the treatment of the self-lubricating wear-resistant plating refers to sedimentation type coating on the workpieces in a chemical compound liquid comprising nickel salt, reducing agent, complexing agent, buffering agent, stabilizing agent, anti-friction phase material MoS2, accelerant, surfactant and the like; and the heat treatment after plating refers to the plated workpiece insulation and drying in a drying box at the temperature of 180 DEG C for 6 hours.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of top layer coating technology, especially a kind of technology of aluminum alloy part being carried out the processing of oil-free self lubrication coating
Background technology
Are worn the remarkably influenced of rate in the safety of aluminum hardware and work-ing life; Such as some aluminum alloy parts in the sewing machine: both are in shank and shank cover thereof for a long time, compare in the high speed fricting movement, because the wear resistance that the decision of material person's character is ined succession has certain limitation.In view of by prior art, can adopt aluminum hardware is carried out surface treatment or coating surface layer, be effective especially with this wearability that improves surf zone to the wearing and tearing of the system surfaces of reducing friction.
At present, all realize overlay coating mostly through electroless plating.But electroless plating solutions employed less stable, and the maintenance of solution, adjustment and regeneration are all cumbersome, and material cost is taken higher.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention: be intended to propose a kind of technology, and hope that both can realize the working order of long period under the self-lubricating state at the aluminum alloy part surface-coated wear-resistant coating that carries out relative fricting movement.
This technology that aluminum alloy part is carried out the processing of oil-free self lubrication coating comprises the preceding workpiece pre-treatment of plating, copper facing intermediate treatment, the processing of self-lubricating abrasion-resistant coating and plating post-heat-treated, it is characterized in that:
Workpiece pre-treatment before A, the described plating is that workpiece is carried out oil removal treatment, wherein Na in the degreasing fluid that is made into by tsp, yellow soda ash, water glass and water
3PO
4: 30g/L; Yellow soda ash Na
2CO
3: 25g/L; Water glass Na
2SiO
3: 8g/L, treatment temp: 70～75 ℃, the time: 2～5min;
B, described copper facing intermediate treatment are with the H of the workpiece of handling through the A operation at 0.9～1.0mol/L
2SO
4, 0.75～0.85mol/L CuSO
45H
2Carry out copper plating treatment in the copper-bath of O preparation, processing condition are: 20～25 ℃ of oxidizing temperatures, current density 1.0～2.5A/dm
2, oxidization time 30min makes electrode with fine copper;
C, described self-lubricating abrasion-resistant coating are handled, and are the workpiece of handling through the B operation, are comprising nickel salt, reductive agent, complexing agent, buffer reagent, stablizer, antifriction phase material MoS
2, composition such as accelerator and tensio-active agent chemically composited liquid in carry out the appositional pattern coating processing; Wherein nickel salt is controlled at 40～50g/L, and the reductive agent inferior sodium phosphate is controlled at 9～11g/L, and the complexing agent trisodium citrate is controlled at 90～110g/L, and buffer reagent ammonium chloride is controlled at 40～60g/L, antifriction phase material MoS
2Be controlled at 1.5～3g/L, described tensio-active agent is cetyl trimethylammonium bromide or Tween-60, and the manipulated variable of adding respectively is 6-7mg/L or 0.40-0.5g/L; Solution temperature when depositing coating is controlled at 90～95 ℃, and the solution pH value is controlled at 8.5～10;
D, described plating post-heat-treated are meant plating back workpiece are handled at 6 hours heat preservation and drynesses that loft drier carries out under 180 ℃ of temperature.
According to this technology that aluminum alloy part is carried out the processing of oil-free self lubrication coating that above technical scheme proposes, its Al alloy parts after treatment not only makes the hardness value of aluminum substrate reach Ni-PHV
0.025151-206 HV
0.0251002; Ni-P-MoS
2HV
0.025297-441 HV
0.0251072.
Description of drawings
Workpiece electronic image after Fig. 1 embodiment of the present invention Ni-P coating;
Fig. 2 is the analysis of components figure hoist pennants at spectrogram 1 place among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the analysis of components figure hoist pennants at spectrogram 2 places among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the analysis of components figure hoist pennants at spectrogram 3 places among Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is embodiment of the present invention Ni-P-MoS
2Workpiece electronic image after the coating;
Fig. 6 is the analysis of components figure hoist pennants at spectrogram 1 place among Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the analysis of components figure hoist pennants at spectrogram 2 places among Fig. 5;
Fig. 8～11 are through Ni-P, Ni-P-MoS
2Coating is handled, dried coating bonding force test curve figure.
Embodiment
Below provide embodiments of the invention, and combine embodiment further to set forth the present invention.
This technology of aluminum alloy part being carried out the processing of oil-free self lubrication coating that the present invention proposes; Utilize the surface deposition modification technology; Make Al alloy parts; Make duraluminum shank and shank cover member thereof in the sewing machine especially, not only have the ideal surface hardness, and can make shank and shank cover keep long-time self-lubricating working order.
This technology that aluminum alloy part is carried out the processing of oil-free self lubrication coating comprises that the preceding workpiece pre-treatment of plating, copper facing intermediate treatment, the processing of self-lubricating abrasion-resistant coating and plating post-heat-treated are at operation.Wherein
Workpiece pre-treatment before A, the described plating is that workpiece is carried out oil removal treatment, wherein Na in the degreasing fluid that is made into by tsp, yellow soda ash, water glass and water
3PO
4: 30g/L; Yellow soda ash Na
2CO
3: 25g/L; Water glass Na
2SiO
3: 8g/L, treatment temp: 70～75 ℃, the time: 2～5min;
After the pre-treatment, adopt HNO
3(d=1.42g/cm
3): 352mL/L carries out the bright dipping art breading, handles and carries out at ambient temperature; Time: 1～3min.
B, described copper facing intermediate treatment are with the H of the workpiece of handling through the A operation at 0.9～1.0mol/L
2SO
40.75 the CuSO of～0.85mol/L
45H
2Carry out copper-plated anode oxidation process in the copper-bath of O preparation and handle, processing condition are: 20～25 ℃ of basic oxidizing temperatures, current density 1.0～2.5A/dm
2, oxidization time 30min makes electrode with fine copper; Used solution is identical with the used solution of anodize when adopting electrolytic copper plating solution to handle, and the current density of electro-coppering is 0.2～1.0A/dm
2, the copper facing time is 40min.
Above-mentioned copper facing intermediate treatment can be carried out with the electro-coppering plating bath, and the current density of electro-coppering this moment is 0.2～1.0A/dm
2, the copper facing time is 40min.
C, described self-lubricating abrasion-resistant coating are handled, and are the workpiece of handling through the B operation, are comprising nickel salt, reductive agent, complexing agent, buffer reagent, stablizer, antifriction phase material MoS
2, composition such as accelerator and tensio-active agent chemically composited liquid in carry out the appositional pattern coating processing; Wherein nickel salt is controlled at 40～50g/L, and the reductive agent inferior sodium phosphate is controlled at 9～11g/L, and the complexing agent trisodium citrate is controlled at 90～110g/L, and buffer reagent ammonium chloride is controlled at 40～60g/L, antifriction phase material MoS
2Be controlled at 1.5～3g/L, described tensio-active agent is cetyl trimethylammonium bromide or Tween-60, and the manipulated variable of adding respectively is 6-7mg/L or 0.40-0.5g/L.Solution temperature when depositing coating is controlled at 90～95 ℃, and the pH value of solution value is controlled at 8.5～10;
Used nickel salt is the main salt in the plating bath, is used to provide nickel ion, adopts nickelous chloride or single nickel salt.Improve the concentration of nickel salt, sedimentation velocity can be accelerated, but bath stability decline generally speaking, is controlled at 40～50g/L.
Used reductive agent is made reductive agent with inferior sodium phosphate, inferior sodium phosphate because of cheap, bath stability good.The content of reductive agent depends on the concentration of main salt, and content increases, and sedimentation velocity also can be accelerated, but bath stability decline is easy to generate deposition, and quality of coating is affected, and is controlled at 9～11g/L.
Used complexing agent is except that main salt and reductive agent, and most important composition in the plating bath decomposes for avoiding plating bath, must add complexing agent in the plating bath.The effect of complexing agent in plating bath is to form stable complex compound with nickel ion, and the nickel concentration of reaction is participated in control, prevents that plating bath from separating out deposition, increases bath stability and also increases the service life; Can also work simultaneously to suppress phosphorous acid nickel deposition, stablize plating bath, control sedimentation velocity; The complexing agent that the present technique scheme is used is trisodium citrate, consumption 90～110g/L.
Used buffer reagent is an ammonium chloride, and the adding of buffer reagent can make plating bath possess surge capability, controls the pH of plating bath effectively, when the pH value less than 4 the time, sedimentation velocity is low, when the pH value greater than 6.5 the time, it is heavy to be prone to produce sl. sol. phosphorous acid nickel; Buffer reagent except that ammonium chloride, also available acetic acid or propionic acid.
Used stablizer mainly is the catalytic activity that is used for suppressing some active particles in the plating bath, and the reduction reaction that makes nickel ion prevents the spontaneous decomposition of plating bath only being undertaken by the plating matrix surface, makes bath stability, obtains high-quality coating.Stablizer adopts thiocarbamide or thiosulphate, and the amount of its adding is 5～10g/L.
In the technology of implementing electroless plating, also can add an amount of accelerator, tensio-active agent, REE etc. sometimes, be used for improving sedimentation velocity, improve quality of coating.Accelerator commonly used has propionic acid, Succinic Acid, Padil, Sodium Fluoride etc., and tensio-active agent commonly used has sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium laurylsulfonate etc.
C, described plating post-heat-treated are meant to be handled plating back workpiece in the insulations in 6 hours that loft drier carries out under 180 ℃ of temperature.
The binding force of cladding material test result
Can see that from Fig. 8～11 coating after the thermal treatment some small leaks just occurred in the comparison front, but breaking of coating is not represented at these peaks, this is just because the result that the matrix surface roughness is caused.Real coating disruptive peak value is comparatively continuous and higher relatively acoustic emission signal.
Can find out also that from table neutralization figure the bonding force value of coating increases after the thermal treatment.
Claims (1)
1. the technology that aluminum alloy part is carried out the processing of oil-free self lubrication coating comprises the preceding workpiece pre-treatment of plating, copper facing intermediate treatment, the processing of self-lubricating abrasion-resistant coating and plating post-heat-treated, it is characterized in that:
Workpiece pre-treatment before A, the described plating is that workpiece is carried out oil removal treatment, wherein Na in the degreasing fluid that is made into by tsp, yellow soda ash, water glass and water
3PO
4: 30g/L; Yellow soda ash Na
2CO
3: 25g/L; Water glass Na
2SiO
3: 8g/L, treatment temp: 70～75 ℃, the time: 2～5min;
B, described copper facing intermediate treatment are with the H of the workpiece of handling through the A operation at 0.9～1.0mol/L
2SO
4, 0.75～0.85mol/L CuSO
45H
2Carry out copper plating treatment in the copper-bath of O preparation, processing condition are: 20～25 ℃ of oxidizing temperatures, current density 1.0～2.5A/dm
2, oxidization time 30min makes electrode with fine copper;
C, described self-lubricating abrasion-resistant coating are handled; Be in comprising the chemically composited liquid that nickel salt, reductive agent, complexing agent, buffer reagent, stablizer, antifriction phase material, accelerator and tensio-active agent are formed, to carry out the appositional pattern coating processing through the workpiece of B operation processing; Wherein nickel salt is controlled at 40～50g/L, and reductive agent is an inferior sodium phosphate, is controlled at 9～11g/L; Complexing agent is a trisodium citrate, is controlled at 90～110g/L; Buffer reagent is an ammonium chloride, is controlled at 40～60g/L; The antifriction phase material is MoS
2, be controlled at 1.5～3g/L; Stablizer is thiocarbamide or thiosulphate, and the amount of adding is 5～10g/L; Described accelerator is propionic acid, Succinic Acid, Padil or Sodium Fluoride; Described tensio-active agent is cetyl trimethylammonium bromide or Tween-60, and the manipulated variable of adding respectively is 6-7mg/L or 0.40-0.5g/L; Solution temperature when depositing coating is controlled at 90～95 ℃, and the solution pH value is controlled at 8.5～10;
D, described plating post-heat-treated are meant plating back workpiece are handled at 6 hours heat preservation and drynesses that loft drier carries out under 180 ℃ of temperature.
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| CN102115885B true CN102115885B (en) | 2012-07-18 |
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| CN102747346B (en) * | 2012-07-28 | 2014-04-23 | 西安科技大学 | Preparation method of self-lubricating coating of traveller for textile |
| CN102828207B (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2015-06-24 | 广东达志环保科技股份有限公司 | Nickel electroplating solution and electroplating method thereof |
| CN103695989A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-02 | 燕山大学 | Nano-molybdenum disulfide-copper-based electric contact film for space microelectronic industry and preparation method of electric contact film |
| CN103911063B (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2016-07-27 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of self-lubrication treatment agent compositions and hot dip aluminum zinc plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN105586580A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2016-05-18 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Method for medium-low temperature quick chemical plating of Ni-P based on copper leaching and plating pretreatment |
| CN112663032A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-04-16 | 中国航发西安动力控制科技有限公司 | Chemical nickel-phosphorus plating solution and method for preparing nickel-phosphorus plated layer by using same |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101307477A (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2008-11-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for preparing high-wear-resistant antifriction self-lubricating composite membrane layer on surface of aluminum alloy |
| CN101338446A (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2009-01-07 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Heat treatment process for aluminum alloy self-lubricating surface composite material |
| WO2009069703A1 (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-04 | Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. | Combination structure of piston ring and cylinder liner of internal combustion engine |
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2009
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009069703A1 (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-04 | Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. | Combination structure of piston ring and cylinder liner of internal combustion engine |
| CN101307477A (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2008-11-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for preparing high-wear-resistant antifriction self-lubricating composite membrane layer on surface of aluminum alloy |
| CN101338446A (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2009-01-07 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Heat treatment process for aluminum alloy self-lubricating surface composite material |
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