CN102115799A - Method for injecting high-volatile bituminous coal into blast furnace - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for injecting high-volatile bituminous coal into a blast furnace. Under the conditions that the inlet temperature of a mill is less than or equal to 40 DEG C, the content of oxygen at the outlet of a cloth bag is less than or equal to 6 percent, the content of oxygen at the inlet of the mill is less than or equal to 3.5 percent, the content of oxygen in flue gas is less than or equal to 3 percent, the content of carbon monoxide in a coal powder bin is less than or equal to 3,000PPm and the temperature of coal powder is less than or equal to 80 DEG C, the content of volatile in the coal powder injected into the blast furnace is 30 to 35 percent. By the method, the high-volatile bituminous coal with 35 percent of volatile can be injected into the blast furnace for safe operation, and the bituminous coal with the price of 200 yuan/ton instead of washed coal with the price of more than 800 yuan/ton can be used for producing the coal powder, so that the production cost of enterprises can be greatly reduced, and product competitiveness is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to blast-furnace coal powder injection method, particularly pulverized coal injection uses the method for high-volatile bituminous coal,
Background technology
Coal powder injection is steel industry important energy saving consumption reduction means, and the pig iron per ton 1Kg coal dust of jetting will produce about 0.36～0.8 yuan ton iron benefit more, how to improve the coal powder injection ratio, how improving the substitution rate of coal dust, is under the condition of market economy, one of important means of industry competition.The coal ash that pulverized coal injection was jetted at the operation initial stage is no more than 8%, and volatile content is no more than 25%, and nearly 70% fixed carbon content is that blast furnace joint Jiao has created good basic substance.
The used majority of domestic iron and steel enterprises coal powder injection is that fugitive constituent is generally less than the roasting coal of 20% fire at present, along with the rectification of country to the coal mining industry, be fit to the in succession minimizing of blast furnace blowing with former coal resource, raw coal market is commonly high ash content, high volatile raw coal at present, and the roasting ash content of coal of fire generally surpasses 15%.For adapting to the variation of raw materials quality, have only and progressively use high-volatile bituminous coal, could expand the scope of resource of pulverized coal injection with coal.
Along with the operation of newly-built blast furnace, because the restriction of powder process ability, overall coal amount can't improve.Have only the grindability index of selection bituminous coal preferably, the cancellation coke powder could satisfy the pulverized coal injection demand, reduces coal powder fraction and remedy the breach that blast furnace uses coke.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pulverized coal injection to use the method for high-volatile bituminous coal, blast furnace blowing high-volatile bituminous coal is kept the safety in production, reduce enterprise's production cost.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of pulverized coal injection uses the method for high-volatile bituminous coal, satisfy that the grinding machine temperature in is less than or equal to that 400 degree, cloth bag outlet oxygen level are less than or equal to 6%, grinding machine inlet oxygen level is less than or equal to 3.5%, flue gas oxygen content is less than or equal to 3%, the Pulverized Coal Bin carbon monoxide content is less than or equal to 3000PPm, the coal dust temperature is less than or equal under the conditions of 80 degree, its volatile content of the coal dust of jetting in blast furnace is 30%-35%.
It is that 35% high-volatile bituminous coal is kept the safety in production that the inventive method can make the blast furnace blowing volatile content, can adopt bituminous coal per ton 200 yuan to produce coal dust like this, and no longer adopt 800 polybasic fine purifiation coals per ton, thereby can reduce production cost industrially greatly, improve product competitiveness.
Obtaining of each parameter is to have passed through a large amount of tests that the applicant makes just to obtain in the inventive method, and concrete experimentation is as follows:
1, testing installation is: the minimum kindling temperature determinator of dust layer, flame return the length measurment device.The minimum kindling temperature determinator of dust layer is by Chongqing branch of Chinese coal research institute and Xinjiang Iron and Steel Inst, test macro by International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard recommendation develops, and flame returns the length measurment device and developed by University of Science ﹠ Technology, Beijing.Wherein, the minimum fire test device of dust layer is made of hot surface, dust layer thermopair, temperature-measuring element and several major partss such as ambient temperature measurement element and metal ring.The minimum kindling temperature of dust layer is meant when dust layer catches fire, the minimum temperature of hot surface.The minimum kindling temperature measuring method of dust layer adopts standard: GB/T16425-1996.
2, flame returns length measurment:
A. equipment overview: length of flame automatic analyzer is developed by University of Science ﹠ Technology, Beijing, is mainly ignited the source, is surveyed long phototube and central processing system etc. and form by coal powder injection mouth, constant temperature.B. test method: regulate constant temperature and ignite source temperature in 1100 ℃ of scopes, constant temperature for some time, take by weighing 1.0 grams at every turn, so same coal sample is repeated 10 times, the maximum value of getting the length of flame is wherein returned length as the flame of this coal dust.
3, Ha Shi grindability index determinator: a. unit type: KM78-1 type Ha Shi grindability index determinator.B. test method adopts standard: GB2565-87.
4, other: the reactivity of coal, technical analysis, ash content analysis, ultimate analysis, ash fusibility analysis, S, P etc. analyze to entrust Coal Quality supervision and inspection station, Ministry of Coal Industry Xinjiang and technology development center chemistry chamber to measure.
Foundation and principle that coal is selected: blast furnace injection coal should be able to satisfy blast furnace smelting process requirement and favourable to improving winding-up amount and substitution rate, so that substitute more coke.Blast furnace blowing has ature of coal performance demands and relevant index: technical analysis index, thermal value, granularity and homogeneity, grindability index, incendivity, explosivity, reactivity, ash fusion point, point of ignition, coal petrography structure, ash component analysis, specific surface area and density etc.Sum up and get up to mainly contain following several respects.1. pit ash is low more good more, and the quantity of slag that forms when the coal injection ash content is high will be greater than the quantity of slag of displacement coke formation.2. sulphur content is low more good more, the sulphur content of coal should with the sulphur content identical (or being lower than) of using coke, general requirement S＜1.0%.3. gelatinous layer is got over Bao Yuehao, and Y＜10mm can avoid coking in the winding-up process like this, stop up spray gun and air port influence winding-up and blast furnace ordinary production.4. the grindability index of coal is good, and existing pulverized coal injection need be ground to certain fineness with coal, and grindability index is good, and then the electric energy of powder process consumption is just few, can reduce the winding-up expense.5. burning of coal performance good (be that its point of ignition is low, reactivity is good etc.) can make the coal dust that sprays into blast furnace gasify as much as possible in the finite space with in the time.6. the thermal value of coal is high more good more, and the coal dust that sprays into blast furnace is reducing gas CO, the H with its liberated heat and formation
2Come coke for replacing that thermal source and reductive agent are provided in blast furnace.In a word, contrast the various coals of production usefulness, can find that any coal all can not reach whole requirements, can only satisfy wherein 1～3 with the performance requriements of injection coal.Security is good though hard coal has, the calorific value advantages of higher, and grindability index, incendivity are poor.And bituminous coal has incendivity, advantage that grindability index is good, but fixed carbon is low, calorific value is low and explosive, and is dangerous.
Coal is selected: the needs of coal suitable for blowing, adapt to the development of oxygen enrichment big coal injection from now on, be necessary to seek out the coal source of suitable blast furnace blowing, in order to the production of supply pulverized coal injection, therefore need carry out the physicochemical property of different coals and the experimental study of blast performance widely, find out the coal that suitable pulverized coal injection is used, investigate 9 places, colliery altogether, take a sample 16.Coal sample is sulphur ditch area, Xinjiang, Chinese mugwort area, ore deposit and the geographic surrounding resources that can be used for pulverized coal injection in Jimusar.Wherein grand ancient cooking vessel and Hami coal industry coal sample are sampling first.Can guarantee that there are two ore deposit points of Hami coal industry and Black Hills in the colliery that coal powder injection is used in batches, sees Table 1.
Table 1 raw coal resource situation
The physical and chemical performance analysis of coal:
The results are shown in Table 2, table 3, ash and full sulphur are lower on the whole, fugitive constituent and fixed carbon are moderate, the coal ash melting property temperature is higher; Its characteristic of char residue is adhesion, and fixed carbon and thermal value are all lower; What grindability index was best is golden field, and the poorest is new Jiao, makes every effort to open up coal, than the difficult mill of burnt foam.Bullet bucket thermal value and carbon content make every effort to open up that the roasting coal of fire is the highest, and the Black Hills coal is minimum, and other each ore deposit point calorific value of coal are basic identical.
Table 2 physical and chemical composition
Table 3 physical and chemical composition
Explosibility test
1, former explosibility test is put in each ore deposit
Table 4 physical and chemical composition
That point of ignition is minimum is Black Hills and Fu Jiang, and the highest is Hami coal industry, is the roasting coal of fire though make every effort to open up, and its inflammable degree still is higher than Hami coal industry.New coking coal is reduced in the time of 1050 ℃ fully, and reactive best, take second place in the good fortune river, and big north just is reduced in the time of 1150 ℃ fully.Reactive the poorest is to make every effort to open up the roasting coal of fire.Except that making every effort to open up the roasting coal of fire, all the other coals all have intense explosion.
2, the point of ignition of coal dust changes under the different oxygen level conditions of simulation.
Increase along with newly-built blast furnace, and the raising of coal powder injection total amount, coal powder injection is under the situation of powder process and winding-up insufficient investment, in order to satisfy the demand of blast furnace, the grinding machine temperature in is progressively brought up to 325 ℃ from 230 ℃ of 94 years operation initial stages, temperature in has surpassed the ignition temperature of coal dust, in order to find out the coal powder ignition point changing conditions under the different oxygen level situations, measured the point of ignition of coal dust under different oxygen level conditions and changed, see Table 5, table 6.
The new legacy system coal dust composition (%) of table 5
* annotate: new system screening sampling spot is the Pulverized Coal Bin vibratory screening apparatus, and old system screening sampling spot is the winding-up pipeline.
MIT (L) under the different oxygen level conditions of table 6
Minimum kindling temperature MIT (L) raises along with the reduction of oxygen level, and when oxygen level was lower than 18%, coal dust had reached non-ignitable state.
3, determining of safe kindling temperature:
When oxygen concn is lower than 18%, MIT (L)＞400 ℃, promptly be controlled in oxygen concn＜18% an o'clock grinding machine temperature in＜be safe 400 ℃ the time.
Avoid the condition that system blasts to determine: according to " pulverized coal injection with coal ature of coal performance study " conclusion: boundary oxygen concentration determination V
Daf22%, V
Daf25%, V
Daf28% 3 kind of P that mixes coal sample
MaxAlong with the reduction of oxygen concn all has in various degree reduction.When oxygen concn reduces to 6%, the mixing coal sample P of three kinds of volatile matters
MaxReach unanimity, the mixing coal sample of three kinds of volatile matters is not exploded.
4 production tests
4.1 production test scheme
According to conclusion (of pressure testing): coal injection system as long as the grinding machine temperature in is controlled at≤400 ℃, cloth bag outlet oxygen level are controlled at≤6%, can realize full bituminous coal winding-up safety in production.
4.2 coal powder injection production status
Coal powder injection was gone into operation from 94 years before this experiment, according to material condition in the past, formulate following critical process, safety control parameter regulation: exhaust gas of hot-blast stove oxygen level≤3%, grinding machine inlet oxygen level≤8%, cloth bag outlet oxygen level≤12%, grinding machine temperature in≤325 ℃, coal dust volatile matter≤26%.
8～December in 2005,0# exhaust gas of hot-blast stove oxygen level average 3.09%, 1# in 2005,2# exhaust gas of hot-blast stove oxygen level are on average 3.73%, 3 grinding machines inlet oxygen level average out to 1# is 4.39%, 2# is 3.63%, 3# is 3.92%, and the average 1# of cloth bag outlet oxygen level is 8.39%, 2# is 7.41%, 3# is 7.70%.Exhaust gas of hot-blast stove is to grinding machine inlet, and the 1# grinding machine, 4# grinding machine oxygen level is the highest has increased by 0.66%, 0.51%.1,2,3,4 series have increased by 4.0%, 3.78%, 3.98%, 5.29% from the grinding machine cloth bag outlet oxygen level that enters the mouth.Can find out that from above data system's oxygen level major reason for higher is following some factor.
(1) hotblast stove coefficient of excess air in burning the stove process is excessive, causes the control of waste gas oxygen level higher.
(2) the system device air leak rate of air curtain is higher, and particularly the full negative pressure production system of 1,4 series is leaked out especially serious.
(3) be lower than 120 ℃ in order to control cloth bag blowback spent air temperture, and the oxygen that the cold wind of allocating into is brought into.
(4) coal powder injection flue gas stove excessive oxygen of bringing system into of coefficient of excess air in burning the stove process.
4.3 fs test
The processing 4.3.1 system leaks out
In March, 2006, leak out to pulverized coal preparation system and a little carry out encapsulation process in the coal powder injection working district.
1) leaks out at the cloth bag system and handle.Cloth bag part deformable cover-plate to 3 series of legacy system is proofreaied and correct, and cloth bag cover plate and cloth bag explosionproof hole sealed strip are all changed, and has solved the problem of leaking out of cloth bag casing substantially.
2) new system vibration sieve and legacy system chicken feather sieve are leaked out handle.New system vibration sieve sieve lid is transformed.
3) to the feeder of new, legacy system, push-pull valve, grinding machine leak out a utilization at ordinary times weekly the inspection of grinding machine row handle.
4) a utilization maintenance of leaking out of 1#, 2#, 3# electric fan shell is handled.
5) equipment and the pipeline junction to pulverized coal preparation system uses seal gum to seal.
4.3.2 hotblast stove oxygen level control
The hotblast stove initial stage of going into operation has all been installed coal gas, combustion air flow meter, is convenient to coal gas perfect combustion.But along with the prolongation of duration of service, the under meter order of accuarcy reduces until damage, and newly-built blast funnace hot blast stove was not all installed under meter in nearly 2 years, and the stove operation worker generally transfers by experience and burns.According to the heat calculation of Combustion of Hot Air Furnace, when coefficient of excess air was 1.15, the oxygen level of products of combustion was 0.5%.Therefore, too much combustion air not only is unfavorable for improving theoretical combustion temperature, can reduce theoretical combustion temperature on the contrary, reduces actual wind-warm syndrome level.Transfer burning for ease of hotblast stove, order two cover Beijing YB-88 intelligence DW-1 type oxygen amount detectors and be installed on the hot-blast stove flue, be convenient to control oxygen level suitable in the flue gas.System's oxygen level variation sees Table 8.
Table 8 system oxygen level contrast table (%)
4.3.3 interchanger is installed in the cloth bag blowback additional
The insulation in new system reverse-blow pipe road is removed, reduce blowback wind spent air temperture, thereby reduce the cold wind of allocating into (17# cold blast valve aperture has reduced 8%), reduction system oxygen level (effect is not good enough), July 28 respectively increased an interchanger in legacy system, new system on the reverse-blow pipe road, the blowback spent air temperture is reduced to below 130 ℃ by 250 ℃, and average wind-warm syndrome remains on 93 ℃.
By the control to flue gas oxygen content of above work and hotblast stove, the pulverized coal preparation system oxygen level reduces about 3.3%.
4.4 subordinate phase test
4.4.1 trial period,, processing parameter drafted
For carrying out smoothly of guaranteeing to test with safety in production is guaranteed, at first guarantee the stable of raw coal quality, by coordinating, be the boundary stock pile stacked by 25% for this reason, stablize volatile matter≤30% of coal dust by raw coal proportion the raw coal volatile matter with supply branch office and the related personnel of shopping center.The 2nd, exhaust gas of hot-blast stove oxygen level≤1.5%.The 3rd, grinding machine inlet oxygen level≤2%.The 4th, cloth bag outlet oxygen level≤6.5%.
4.4.2 formulate trial period related process parameter examination
According to the achievement that test fs institute obtains do work, for the safety of guaranteeing to test is carried out smoothly, seminar asks condition formulate the trial period examination to coal injection and pulverization post and hotblast stove post respectively in conjunction with the reality of producing.
4.4.3 stable control raw coal volatile matter proportioning
Produce and use preceding height to carry out the volatile matter proportioning by three material loading feed bins of coal powder injection coal-hole according to the raw coal sampling volatile matter.Cancel burnt foam and allocate back coal dust volatile matter mean value into, be increased to experiment periods 28.93%, increased by 3.54% from May 25.39%.Legacy system coal dust volatile matter surpassed 30% and had and accounted for 23% 72 times trial period, and new system has accounted for 15.3% 48 times.Coal dust volatile matter legacy system between 28%～30% has and accounts for 55.76% 174 times, and new system has and accounts for 48% 150 times.Trial period,, coal dust volatile matter statistics saw Table 9.
Table 9 trial period coal dust volatile matter statistics
4.4.4 cancellation coke powder test oxygen level control
After system's oxygen level is fallen under the control, began no longer to allocate burnt foam in the raw coal with June 16, carry out full bituminous coal milling winding-up experiment.Test to manufacturing parameter control on August 5 and see Table 10.
Table 10 each mean parameter of trial period (%)
4.5 phase III test
4.5.1 coal dust volatile matter＞30%
At present, the average volatilization of the volatile matter Black Hills raw coal of the employed raw coal of eight steel coal powder injections is divided into 28.93%, and high volatile is 34.71%.The average volatilization of making every effort to open up raw coal is divided into 24.95%, and high volatile is 34.35%.June 22 amounted to 10 coal dust samples to June 23 during 22:00 during 10:00 has 5 to surpass 30%, is up to 31.2%.In June, 2006, the volatile matter scope of 16 to 23 coal dusts was between 27.01%～31.2%, and raw coal volatile matter weighted mean during this period is 28.31%.The shared frequency of volatile matter＞30% accounts for 25% and 66.7% respectively, and new, legacy system average volatile matter during this period is respectively 28.96% and 29.76%.Volatile matter＞30% composition sees Table 11.
Table 11 new legacy system volatile matter of trial period＞30% cartogram (%)
4.5.2 trial period the actual temperature controlled variable
Test the control of each temperature spot of its pulverized coal preparation system and meet the parameter request that trial period drafts, specifically see Table 12.
Table 12 trial period the old and new system temperature cartograms (%)
4.5.3 trial period throughput growth
Along with the raising of raw coal volatile matter, what the grindability index of raw coal (HGI) had increases substantially, and makes every effort to open up, the grindability index of new Jiao, burnt foam is respectively 40%, 47%, 49%.By throughput and the historical contrast same period, in June, 06 legacy system hourly average output is that 26.75t/h, new system are 17.34t/h, than the same period in June, 05 output increased respectively in July, 6.7%, 5.15%, 06 legacy system hourly average output be 26.36t/h, new system be 17.50t/h than the same period in July, 05 output increased by 5.27%, 11% respectively.Legacy system output has on average increased by 5.98% before and after the experiment, and new system throughput has on average increased by 8.075%.Concrete data see Table 13.
Table 13 trial period and the same period output contrast table
Two kinds of factors of the growth main source of throughput: the one, the air leak rate of air curtain by oxygen level control pulverized coal preparation system drops to 15～20%, two by 28% and is to use high-volatile bituminous coal, and the grindability index of raw coal improves.Two kinds of factors are facilitated the raising of powder process ability jointly.
5 sum up
5.1 oxygen level new, the outlet of legacy system cloth bag on average reaches 4.66% and 5.11% respectively, the oxygen level controlled levels has reached the standard of International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)≤6%, and coal injection system has reached internationally recognized safety case.The screening conditions of raw coal index have been reduced.
5.2 the grinding machine temperature in is controlled at 320 ℃～325 ℃ (distance also has 75 ℃ of spaces for 400 ℃), the grinding machine temperature out is controlled between 80 ℃～95 ℃, 14 indexs such as the processing parameter controlled target temperature that seminar assigns, oxygen level are in use in December, 2009 from June 16 industrial on-test always, and production safety is reliable.
5.3 coal powder density, coal dust temperature and the control of oxygen level three elements are depended in the blast of coal dust, powder process winding-up process coal powder density fluctuates inside and outside limits of explosion, thereby uncontrollable.The coal dust temperature fluctuates between 0～325 ℃, and the upper limit has surpassed the raw coal point of ignition.Thereby the Controlling System oxygen level is unique feasible factor.
5.4 the employing of the inventive method makes the powder process ability on average improve 6%～8%, hour powder process ability improves 2.5～3.2 tons, (do not comprise that coal source use range enlarges the benefit that the back shipment distance shortens, the life cycle of grinding machine steel ball was brought up to 5.5 months by 3 months to produce about 6,790,000 yuan of year direct economic benefit.)
Description of drawings
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the Pmax of the different volatile component coals of the present invention and the graph of a relation of oxygen concn.
Embodiment
A kind of pulverized coal injection uses the method for high-volatile bituminous coal, equal in the grinding machine temperature in that 320 degree, cloth bag outlet oxygen level equal 4%, grinding machine inlet oxygen level equals 3%, flue gas oxygen content equals 2%, the Pulverized Coal Bin carbon monoxide content equals 2000PPm, the coal dust temperature equals under the conditions of 70 degree, its volatile content of the coal dust of jetting in blast furnace is for equaling 35%.
Claims (2)
1. a pulverized coal injection uses the method for high-volatile bituminous coal, it is characterized in that: satisfy that the grinding machine temperature in is less than or equal to that 400 degree, cloth bag outlet oxygen level are less than or equal to 6%, grinding machine inlet oxygen level is less than or equal to 3.5%, flue gas oxygen content is less than or equal to 3%, the Pulverized Coal Bin carbon monoxide content is less than or equal to 3000PPm, the coal dust temperature is less than or equal under the conditions of 80 degree, its volatile content of the coal dust of jetting in blast furnace is 30%-35%.
2. pulverized coal injection according to claim 1 uses the method for high-volatile bituminous coal, it is characterized in that: equal in the grinding machine temperature in that 320 degree, cloth bag outlet oxygen level equal 4%, grinding machine inlet oxygen level equals 3%, flue gas oxygen content equals 2%, the Pulverized Coal Bin carbon monoxide content equals 2000PPm, the coal dust temperature equals under the conditions of 70 degree, its volatile content of the coal dust of jetting in blast furnace is for equaling 35%.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103468837A (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2013-12-25 | 宝钢集团新疆八一钢铁有限公司 | Safe method applicable to shaft furnace soft coal preparation and jetting |
| CN103509894A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2014-01-15 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for coal powder injection in a blast furnace |
| CN108707494A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-10-26 | 宁波钢铁有限公司 | One kind containing non-mainstream anthracitic mixed coal powder |
| CN113509994A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-10-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Coal grinding and drying device of pulverized coal gasification system and pulverized coal combustion explosion suppression method thereof |
| CN115261533A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-11-01 | 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 | Method for adjusting coal grinding amount of injected coal |
| CN115478121A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2022-12-16 | 山东莱钢永锋钢铁有限公司 | Production method for improving blowing proportion of low-volatile bituminous coal |
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| CN115478121A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2022-12-16 | 山东莱钢永锋钢铁有限公司 | Production method for improving blowing proportion of low-volatile bituminous coal |
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Application publication date: 20110706 |