Background technology
The ceramic binder cubic boron nitride grinding tool is the present rapider a kind of superhard material grinding tool of development, has high strength, and heat resistance is good, cut sharp, advantage such as the grinding efficiency height is difficult for heating and obstruction in the grinding process, thermal expansion amount is little.
Vitrified bond at present commonly used has the following shortcoming: (1) is owing to produce superhard material grinding tool low-temperature binder, for reducing refractoriness, bond is introduced a large amount of alkaline materials, obtain the low-temp ceramics bond like this, its every performance is wayward, refractoriness for example, low thermal coefficient of expansion, intensity etc.: when manufacture (2), the wetting cementitiousness of bond cubic boron nitride abrasive particle is poor, has reduced bond to the abrasive particle bond strength, during the grinding tool grinding, abrasive particle comes off soon, abrasion are big: during (3) grinding, because brittleness of ceramics is big, and the impact resistance of emery wheel, anti-fatigue performance is all very poor, the embrittlement phenomenon in use takes place easily, thereby influence the grinding tool grinding characteristic, and ceramic heat conductivility is poor, grinding area local temperature height, make the easy thermal losses of abrasive particle, also can influence the grinding tool grinding characteristic.
Existing ceramic binder cubic boron nitride grinding tool grinding layer preparation method is that high temperature sintering forms after colding pressing usually, needs heating for a long time, and production efficiency is low, the energy consumption height.
Traditional vitrified bond characteristics and preparation method have limited the use of ceramic binder cubic boron nitride grinding tool.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved of the present invention is to overcome the shortcoming of existing vitrified bond, proposes a kind of new Ti
3AlC
2Vitrified bond and this ceramic binder cubic boron nitride grinding tool spread the sintering preparation method certainly.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical solutions: a kind of Ti
3AlC
2Base ceramic binder cubic boron nitride grinding tool, the bond of described cubic boron nitride grinding tool is Ti
3Al
2The base pottery.
A kind of Ti
3AlC
2The preparation method of base ceramic binder cubic boron nitride grinding tool, Ti powder, Al powder, the C powder that adopts simple substance are after bond raw material and cubic boron nitride abrasive materials mix, to utilize thermal source to ignite, and rely on from spreading sintering and form Ti
3AlC
2Be the pottery of principal phase and the complex of cubic boron nitride.
Its concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) selecting granularity for use is 200~400 purpose Ti powder, 200~400 purpose Al powder and 200~400 purpose C powder, the ratio of Ti: Al: C=2.9~3.1: 0.95~1.05: 1.9~2.1 takes by weighing in molar ratio, fully ball milling mixes in ball mill, the powder that obtains mixing;
(2) step 1 gained powder and cubic boron nitride abrasive materials are mixed, obtain compound;
(3) utilize metal die to be cold-pressed into required grinding tool shape step 2 gained compound, obtain the pressed compact of colding pressing;
(4) step 3 gained is colded pressing pressed compact utilizes the plasma arc firing device to ignite or is contained in the graphite jig and ignites in plasma discharging hot pressed sintering machine, and the pressed compact of colding pressing takes place to obtain with Ti from spreading sintering reaction
3AlC
2Be the pottery of principal phase and the complex of cubic boron nitride;
(5) with finishing of step 4 gained complex or combination, obtain Ti
3AlC
2Base ceramic binder cubic boron nitride grinding tool.
Ti among the present invention
3AlC
2The low and fusing point height of bond density, have favorable conductive and thermal conductivity, good non-oxidizability and thermal shock resistance, has machinability, compare traditional oxide ceramics bond, have good thermal-shock resistance, high refractoriness, high-fracture toughness and high strength etc., and the element in the raw material, can partly react with cubic boron nitride, generate nitride and boride transition zone, thereby make to have good chemical bond between bond and cubic boron nitride and combine, improve hold abrasive material.The present invention is directed to Ti
3AlC
2The binder cubic boron nitride grinding tool adopts from spreading sintering preparation method, realizes Fast Sintering, can improve preparation efficiency effectively, cuts down the consumption of energy.
Ti
3AlC
2Base ceramic binder cubic boron nitride grinding tool adopts from the principle that spreads the sintering preparation and is: Ti powder, Al powder and the C powder mixture of certain stoichiometric proportion, can be ignited by plasma arc or other thermals source at a certain temperature, and reaction can generate Ti
3AlC
2, the heat that reaction discharges can impel the sample W-response to carry out fast, and self-propagating reaction takes place.During this time, Ti powder, Al powder also can react with cubic boron nitride, generate Ti on the cubic boron nitride surface
2N
2, Ti
3N
4, AlB
2, compound such as AlN is as transition zone, has good chemical bond between bond and cubic boron nitride and combines thereby make, and improves the hold to abrasive material.Obtain the Ti of definite shape
3AlC
2With the cubic boron nitride complex.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: a kind of Ti
3AlC
2Base ceramic binder cubic boron nitride grinding tool, the bond of described cubic boron nitride grinding tool is Ti
3AlC
2The base pottery.Its preparation method is: Ti powder, Al powder, the C powder that adopts simple substance is after bond raw material and cubic boron nitride abrasive materials mix, to utilize thermal source to ignite, and relies on from spreading sintering and forms Ti
3AlC
2Be the pottery of principal phase and the complex of cubic boron nitride.
Ti
3AlC
2Base ceramic binder cubic boron nitride grinding tool adopts from the principle that spreads the sintering preparation and is: Ti powder, Al powder and the C powder mixture of certain stoichiometric proportion, can be ignited by plasma arc or other thermals source at a certain temperature, and reaction can generate Ti
3AlC
2, the heat that reaction discharges can impel the sample W-response to carry out fast, and self-propagating reaction takes place.During this time, Ti powder, Al powder also can react with cubic boron nitride, generate Ti on the cubic boron nitride surface
2N
2, Ti
3N
4, AlB
2, compound such as AlN is as transition zone, has good chemical bond between bond and cubic boron nitride and combines thereby make, and improves the hold to abrasive material.Obtain the Ti of definite shape
3AlC
2With the cubic boron nitride complex.
Embodiment 2: a kind of Ti
3AlC
2The preparation method of base ceramic binder cubic boron nitride grinding tool, its
Concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) selecting granularity for use is 200~400 purpose Ti powder, 200~400 purpose Al powder and 200~400 purpose C powder, the ratio of Ti: Al: C=2.9~3.1: 0.95~1.05: 1.9~2.1 takes by weighing in molar ratio, fully ball milling mixes in ball mill, the powder that obtains mixing;
(2) step 1 gained powder and cubic boron nitride abrasive materials are mixed, obtain compound;
(3) utilize metal die to be cold-pressed into required grinding tool shape step 2 gained compound, obtain the pressed compact of colding pressing;
(4) step 3 gained is colded pressing pressed compact utilizes the plasma arc firing device to ignite or is contained in the graphite jig and ignites in plasma discharging hot pressed sintering machine, and the pressed compact of colding pressing takes place to obtain with Ti from spreading sintering reaction
3AlC
2Be the pottery of principal phase and the complex of cubic boron nitride;
(5) with finishing of step 4 gained complex or combination, obtain Ti
3AlC
2Base ceramic binder cubic boron nitride grinding tool.
Utilize in the grinding tool of said method manufacturing, the granularity of cubic boron nitride abrasive materials, model, concentration, selected according to the material and the processing request of processing object.
Embodiment 3: a kind of Ti
3AlC
2The preparation method of base ceramic binder cubic boron nitride bistrique, its concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) selecting granularity for use is 300 purpose Ti powder, Al powder and C powder, and 3: 1: 2 in molar ratio ratio takes by weighing, and ball milling is 8 hours in planetary ball mill, the powder that obtains mixing;
(2) be that 140/170 cubic boron nitride abrasive materials fully mixes by cubic boron nitride concentration 60% (per 1 cubic centimetre of base substrate cubic boron nitride content is 4.4 carats and is concentration 100%) with step 1 gained powder and granularity;
(3) utilize metal die to be cold-pressed into diameter 30mm step 2 gained compound, length is the pressed compact of 40mm;
(4) step 3 gained is colded pressing pressed compact utilizes the plasma arc firing device to ignite, and pressed compact generation self-propagating reaction obtains Ti
3AlC
2Be the pottery of principal phase and the complex of cubic boron nitride abrasive materials;
(5) with step 4 gained complex cavetto, obtain Ti
3AlC
2The ceramic ceramic binder cubic boron nitride bistrique of base.
Embodiment 4: a kind of Ti
3AlC
2The preparation method of base ceramics bond cubic boron nitride grinding wheel, its concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) selecting granularity for use is 300 purpose Ti powder, Al powder and C powder, and 3: 1: 2 in molar ratio ratio takes by weighing, and ball milling is 8 hours in planetary ball mill, the powder that obtains mixing;
(2) be that 100/120 cubic boron nitride abrasive materials fully mixes by cubic boron nitride concentration 50% (per 1 cubic centimetre of base substrate cubic boron nitride content is 4.4 carats and is concentration 100%) with step 1 gained powder and granularity;
(3) utilize metal die to be cold-pressed into outside diameter 100mm step 2 gained compound, interior circular diameter 23mm, the pressed compact of thickness 12mm;
(4) step 3 gained is colded pressing pressed compact is contained in the graphite jig, utilizes plasma discharging to ignite in the discharge plasma sintering press, and pressed compact generation self-propagating reaction obtains Ti
3AlC
2Be the pottery of principal phase and the complex of cubic boron nitride abrasive materials;
(5) with the finishing of step 4 gained complex, obtain Ti
3AlC
2The ceramic ceramics bond cubic boron nitride grinding wheel of base.
Embodiment 5: a kind of Ti
3AlC
2The preparation method of base ceramic binder cubic boron nitride honing stone, its concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) selecting granularity for use is 300 purpose Ti powder, Al powder and C powder, and 3: 1: 2 in molar ratio ratio takes by weighing, and ball milling is 8 hours in planetary ball mill, the powder that obtains mixing;
(2) be that 325/400 cubic boron nitride abrasive materials fully mixes by cubic boron nitride concentration 80% (per 1 cubic centimetre of base substrate cubic boron nitride content is 4.4 carats and is concentration 100%) with step 1 gained powder and granularity;
(3) step 2 gained compound is utilized metal die be cold-pressed into 60 * 10 * 10 pressed compact;
(4) step 3 gained is colded pressing pressed compact utilizes the plasma arc firing device to ignite, and pressed compact generation self-propagating reaction obtains Ti
3AlC
2Be the pottery of principal phase and the complex of cubic boron nitride abrasive materials;
(5) with the finishing of step 4 gained complex, obtain Ti
3AlC
2The ceramic ceramic binder cubic boron nitride honing stone of base.
Embodiment 6: a kind of Ti
3AlC
2The preparation method of base ceramic binder cubic boron nitride joint piece emery wheel, its concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) selecting granularity for use is 300 purpose Ti powder, Al powder and C powder, and 3: 1: 2 in molar ratio ratio takes by weighing, and ball milling is 8 hours in planetary ball mill, the powder that obtains mixing;
(2) be that 170/200 cubic boron nitride abrasive materials fully mixes by cubic boron nitride concentration 100% (per 1 cubic centimetre of base substrate cubic boron nitride content is 4.4 carats and is concentration 100%) with step 1 gained powder and granularity;
(3) utilize metal die to be cold-pressed into exradius step 2 gained compound and be 400mm, interior radius of circle is 380mm, high 25mm, the joint piece of colding pressing of wide 40mm
(4) step 3 gained is colded pressing pressed compact utilizes the plasma arc firing device to ignite, and pressed compact generation self-propagating reaction obtains Ti
3AlC
2Be the pottery of principal phase and the complex of cubic boron nitride abrasive materials;
(5) with the finishing of step 4 gained complex, assembly adhesive sticks at external diameter 380mm, on the aluminum substrate of thickness 25mm, obtains Ti
3AlC
2The ceramic ceramic binder cubic boron nitride joint of base piece emery wheel.