CN102111927B - Method and system for controlling electrode of open-type submerged arc ore heat furnace - Google Patents
Method and system for controlling electrode of open-type submerged arc ore heat furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN102111927B CN102111927B CN2009101894250A CN200910189425A CN102111927B CN 102111927 B CN102111927 B CN 102111927B CN 2009101894250 A CN2009101894250 A CN 2009101894250A CN 200910189425 A CN200910189425 A CN 200910189425A CN 102111927 B CN102111927 B CN 102111927B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and system for controlling an electrode of an open-type submerged arc ore heat furnace. The method comprises the following steps: A, acquiring the electrode stroke parameter information of an open-type submerged arc ore heat furnace motor, wherein the electrode stroke parameter information comprises the initial position, movement distance and consumption amount of the electrode; B, pre-estimating the position of the electrode in a crucible molten bath according to the initial position, movement distance and consumption amount of the electrode; and C, controlling the electrode according to the position of the electrode in the crucible molten bath. In the invention, the position of the electrode in the molten bath can be detected in real time through establishing an open-type submerged arc ore heat furnace electrode model, and the voltage of the electrode is controlled by using a constant resistance principle, thereby achieving the optimal control on the electrode, improving the yield of the open-type submerged arc ore heat furnace and realizing energy conservation and consumption reduction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the hot stove in opened type submerged arc ore deposit, relate in particular to a kind of opened type submerged arc electrodes in mine hot stove control method and system.
Background technology
The control of the hot stove in opened type submerged arc ore deposit at present remains adopts the Artificial Control rise fall of electrodes, and main Control Parameter is the transformer primary side current, lifts electrode on when electric current increases, when electric current reduces, and following intercalative electrode.
Usually can cause the three-phase electrode working condition to differ greatly with the primary side current control electrode.Reaction zone electrode area of flame such as certain phase wherein is big, and reaction is violent, and it is fast to change material speed; And certain phase electrode reaction district is slow relatively in addition, and reaction zone is less than other two phases, and furnace charge consumption is slow.Here it is strong phase and weak situation mutually that the hot stove fusion process in opened type submerged arc ore deposit usually occurs, even the phase voltage of each phase and phase current are near balance sometimes, but the actual working condition of each phase electrode and uneven, these all can produce very big influence to production process.Each phase electrode power imbalance exerts an influence to production process and mainly contains:
1) the electric furnace three-phase power imbalance is to the influence of smelting operation:
When certain electrode was in the upper limit or lower position, the unbalanced phenomenon of power was the most outstanding.The main cause that causes this phenomenon is that electrode is long or too short.Too short when a phase electrode, and when being in the lower position, electrode current can't be given full, and at this moment this phase electrode power is minimum.Long or electric current is excessive and when being in upper limit position, in order to prevent overcurrent trip, can only reduce other two phases electrode currents when certain phase electrode.At this moment a phase electrode power is excessive, and other two phase electrode powers are too small.Both of these case all can reduce the gross power in the input stove.The asymmetric geometry meeting of electrode makes certain phase electrode induction reactance minimum, causes the power of this phase electrode to be higher than other two phases.
The very serious weak hipocratic face that is called as mutually, hipocratic face has electric current hipocratic face and voltage hipocratic face:
The electric current hipocratic face: the electric current of certain phase electrode approaches zero state for a long time;
The voltage hipocratic face: the phase voltage of certain phase electrode approaches zero state for a long time.
Weak phase electrode input power minimizing can cause this phase reaction district to dwindle; Each phase reaction district is not linked up mutually, and deslagging is not smooth when coming out of the stove.This situation continues and very easily produces the electric current hipocratic face.During the electric current hipocratic face, this phase electrode resistance increases, and phase voltage increases, and electrode current reduces.Because this phase reaction district conductive capability is very poor, electric current to electrode move slow in reacting, even electrode is inserted very deeply, electrode current is still very little.Can cause the crucible district to dwindle and on move, it is dark to make electrode be difficult to insert.
Electrode bottom conductive capability is crossed this phase electrode resistance is reduced, and phase voltage decreases, and when the voltage hipocratic face appears in brownout, will cause this phase electrode to work.
2) the electric furnace three-phase power imbalance is to the influence of product power consumption:
Three-phase electrode power imbalance can make the product power consumption increase, a 16500kVA manganese-silicon burried arc furnace generation power imbalance fault, and it is about 23% that output is reduced, and the product power consumption increases 500kWh/t.
3) the electric furnace three-phase power imbalance is to the influence of electrode operation:
Strong phase consumption of electrode is too fast, and weak phase consumption of electrode is slow excessively.The sintering velocity of strong phase electrode often is lower than depletion rate, the too short phenomenon of welding tip often occurs, in order to guarantee welding tip length, need carry out the hipocratic face roasting.This must increase between the hot stopping time, reduced the power in the input stove.Weak phase consumption of electrode often causes the electrode burning, and accidents such as brasses, electrode hard breakage easily are damaged.
4) the electric furnace three-phase power imbalance is to the influence of bushing position and shape
Certain phase power minimizing can make this phase crucible district temperature reduce, and the crucible district dwindles, and electrode is difficult to insert down, causes the working of a furnace to worsen; The phenomenon of difference is linked up in the crucible district that also can occur furnace bottom rising, each phase when serious.Dwindling of crucible district must reduce production target.
5) the electric furnace three-phase power imbalance is to the influence in electric furnace liner life-span
Electrode current and electric arc can produce powerful magnetic field.Since the effect in magnetic field, the trend of the oriented furnace wall lopsidedness of the electric arc of three-phase alternating current electric furnace.The high arc temperature that the too high strong phase electrode of power is produced can be aggravated the heat waste of fire proof material of furnace lining and ruined.
Therefore, be necessary prior art is improved.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to,, provide a kind of through control three-phase electrode power-balance, the control method and the system of the opened type submerged arc electrodes in mine hot stove of each item index of raising production process to the above-mentioned shortcoming of prior art.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of opened type submerged arc electrodes in mine hot stove control method is provided, has may further comprise the steps:
A, obtain the stroke of electrode parameter information of the hot stove alternating current machine in opened type submerged arc ore deposit, comprise initial position, displacement and the consumption of electrode;
B, the initial position according to said electrode, displacement and consumption are estimated the position of electrode in the crucible molten bath;
C, according to the said electrode of the Position Control of said electrode in the crucible molten bath.
Control method of the present invention, wherein, among the said step B, according to:
L＝L
0+ΔL
sj-ΔL
xh-ΔL
f
Try to achieve the position of electrode in the crucible molten bath;
Wherein, said L
0Initial position for electrode; Said Δ L
SjBe the displacement of electrode, said Δ L
XhBe the normal loss amount of electrode, said Δ L
fWaste when breaking or breaking firmly for the electrode appearance is soft.
Control method of the present invention wherein, in the said steps A, adopts absolute type encoder recording electrode stroke, obtains the displacement of the initial position and the electrode of electrode.
Control method of the present invention, wherein, among the said step B, when electrode occur soft when disconnected or disconnected firmly, according to formula:
ΔL
f＝L
h-L
q
Try to achieve the waste when the electrode appearance is soft breaks or break firmly;
Wherein, said Lq is the electrode position that is write down before the accident, and Ln is an electrode position before accident takes place.
Control method of the present invention, wherein, said step C comprises: according to the position of said electrode in the crucible molten bath, control electrode voltage makes electrode voltage and the secondary current ratio that detects be tending towards constant.
A kind of opened type submerged arc electrodes in mine hot stove control system also is provided, has comprised:
Data acquisition module is used to obtain the stroke of electrode parameter information of the hot stove alternating current machine in opened type submerged arc ore deposit, comprises initial position, displacement and the consumption of electrode;
The computing module is used for initial position, displacement and consumption according to said electrode, calculates the position of electrode in the crucible molten bath;
Control module is used for according to said electrode at the said electrode of the Position Control in crucible molten bath.
Opened type submerged arc electrodes in mine hot stove control system of the present invention wherein, comprises the absolute type encoder of being located on the alternating current machine in the said data acquisition module, be used to write down the stroke of electrode parameter information of alternating current machine.
Opened type submerged arc electrodes in mine hot stove control system of the present invention, wherein, said control module comprises the frequency converter of being located on the alternating current machine, is used to change the rotating speed and the moment of torsion of alternating current motor.
The present invention is through setting up opened type submerged arc electrodes in mine hot stove model; The constant-impedance principle control electrode voltage of the position of detecting electrode in the molten bath, and employing has in real time been realized the optimal control to electrode; Improve the hot furnace output in opened type submerged arc ore deposit; And realize saving energy and reduce the cost, the ton power consumption is reduced to below the 4200kWh/t, and power factor (PF) is brought up to more than 0.85 from 0.74.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the opened type submerged arc electrodes in mine hot stove control system block diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the opened type submerged arc electrodes in mine hot stove control method flow chart of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, will specify preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Because three-phase electrode is to be inserted in the molten bath, thus can't the position of measurement electrode end points in the molten bath, if can accurately judge electrode in the molten bath the position could improve operation production efficiency.Concrete method of measurement is that statistic law and molten bath impedance phase combine, and comes statistical computation to draw the present residing position of electrode according to initial position, displacement, the consumption of electrode.
Opened type submerged arc electrodes in mine hot stove control system block diagram such as Fig. 1 of present embodiment are said; Comprise data acquisition module 102; Can obtain the stroke of electrode parameter information of the hot stove alternating current machine in opened type submerged arc ore deposit, wherein the stroke of electrode parameter information comprises initial position, displacement and the consumption of electrode.Opened type submerged arc electrodes in mine hot stove control system also comprises computing module 101, can calculate the position of electrode in the crucible molten bath according to initial position, displacement and the consumption of electrode; And comprise control module 103, be used for according to the Position Control electrode of electrode in the crucible molten bath.The absolute type encoder of being located on the alternating current machine 104 can be comprised in the data acquisition module, the stroke of electrode parameter information of alternating current machine 104 can be write down through this absolute type encoder.Control module can comprise the frequency converter of being located on the alternating current machine 104, to change the rotating speed and the moment of torsion of alternating current motor 104.
In conjunction with above system, the opened type submerged arc electrodes in mine hot stove control method particular flow sheet of present embodiment is as shown in Figure 2, describes in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 2.
Step S101, obtain the stroke of electrode parameter information of alternating current machine in the hot stove in opened type submerged arc ore deposit, comprise initial position, displacement and the consumption of electrode;
Main two the part decisions of electrode position: the distance that electrode itself moves up and down, the electrode consumption in smelting process.
Step S102, basis:
L＝L
0+ΔL
sj-ΔL
xh-ΔL
f (1)
Try to achieve electrode position.In the formula: L
0Be the initial position of electrode, Δ L
SjBe the displacement of electrode, Δ L
XhBe the normal loss amount of electrode, Δ L
fWaste when breaking or breaking firmly for the electrode appearance is soft.
In the present embodiment, adopt absolute type encoder to write down the displacement that hoist engine drives electrode, realize record stroke of electrode.
For the normal consumption of electrode in smelting process,, can analyze the mean consumption speed of every phase electrode under normal smelting that draws according to a large amount of historical datas because the depletion rate of each phase electrode differs.
When accident appears in electrode, soft waste when disconnected or disconnected firmly takes place, according to:
ΔL
f＝L
h-L
q (2)
Obtain the waste of improper situation bottom electrode, wherein L
qBe the electrode position that is write down before the accident, L
hThe position at preceding electrode place takes place for accident.
All right basis:
L
cd＝L
cs+L
y-ΔL
xh-ΔL
f(3)
Try to achieve electrode length.In the formula: L
CdBe the length of electrode, L
CsBe the initial length of electrode, Δ L
XhThe normal loss amount of electrode, Δ L
fSoft waste when disconnected or disconnected firmly appears in electrode.
Step S103, according to the said electrode of the Position Control of said electrode in the crucible molten bath.
Burried arc furnace can be regarded three electrodes as and be connected into the asymmetric load of star at furnace bottom, and the current potential of its neutral point current potential and power supply neutral point has certain potentials poor.On each phase voltage phase diagram of electric furnace, the power supply neutral point O is positioned at the center of equilateral triangle, and asymmetric star load neutral point is at O ' point.O and O ' distance is exactly the displacement of neutral point.Potential difference between OO ' can be used voltage vector U
OO 'Measure.
When supply voltage kept constant, the secondary line voltage of transformer was:
U
AB＝U
BC＝U
CA (4)
Each phase voltage vector correlation is:
U
AO＝U
AO′+U
OO′(5)
U
BO＝U
BO′+U
OO′(6)
U
CO＝U
CO′+U
OO′(7)
OO ' displacement is big more, U
AO ', U
BO ', U
CO 'Between difference big more.What decision OO ' displacement was big or small is the uneven degree of each phase of impedance.With A is example mutually, and each phase of impedance can be represented by formula 8:
In the formula (8), P
AA, R
δ, R
AMBe this short mutually resistance, additional resistance and molten bath resistance of netting, X
AABe the self-induction reactance of this phase, X
AB+ X
ACBe mutual inductance reactance, X
AOBe spuious distributed reactance.
For the hot stove in opened type submerged arc ore deposit, to consider that not only three-phase electrode obtains same power, when inserting deeply not simultaneously of three electrodes, the heating power center of three electrodes not in one plane can not cause the cross section heating power in molten bath uneven, and the heat efficiency reduces greatly.If adopt constant current control, the very big situation of three-phase electrode position deviation might occur.
By above-mentioned analysis, can be tending towards constant with the secondary current ratio that detects by control electrode voltage (electrode voltage is secondary side voltage and deducts the pressure drop of short net):
(V
Detect-I
DetectZ
Short net)/I
Detect-V
Set/ I
Set=ε → 0 (9)
And, adopt above constant-impedance control strategy three electrode insertion depths of assurance on can bigger degree because impedance and embedding depth of electrode into have certain proportionate relationship, and insert dark consistently, got rid of the caused power imbalance of short net impedance unbalance.When adopting the constant-impedance principle to regulate; When a phase electrode is disturbed; Its lifting or decline, to other two be in the electrode voltage of poised state mutually, the influence of current ratio can be ignored, this is that Current Regulation principle institute is inaccessiable; When two mutually or three-phase electrode when being disturbed, it is much better than than the constant current principle that constant-impedance is regulated the antijamming capability of principle.
In the working of a furnace just often, because the accumulation of the power deviation of impedance Control is little, opened type submerged arc electrodes in mine hot stove control system can adopt foregoing constant-impedance principle control electrode, and the deviation signal of system and the impedance of electric arc are proportional; When electric current descends or ascensional range when excessive, can adopt constant current control, this moment, deviation signal and the electric current of system were proportional, can make the electric current of electric arc obtain correction apace.
Facts have proved, adopt the advanced fast corresponding impedance electrodes that has to regulate, can make power consumption reduce 5%, electrode fracture reduces 90%, and consumption of electrode reduces 8.5%, the time decreased 18.5% of tapping a blast furnace, and the average power input increases by 8.5%.
In sum, the present invention is through setting up opened type submerged arc electrodes in mine hot stove model, the real-time position of detecting electrode in the molten bath; And employing constant-impedance principle control electrode voltage; Realized optimal control, improved the hot furnace output in opened type submerged arc ore deposit, and realized energy-saving and cost-reducing electrode; The ton power consumption is reduced to below the 4200kWh/t, and power factor (PF) is brought up to more than 0.85 from 0.74.
Should be understood that, concerning those of ordinary skills, can improve or conversion, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection range of accompanying claims of the present invention according to above-mentioned explanation.
Claims (4)
1. opened type submerged arc electrodes in mine hot stove control method may further comprise the steps:
A, obtain the stroke of electrode parameter information of the hot stove alternating current machine in opened type submerged arc ore deposit, comprise initial position, displacement and the consumption of electrode;
B, the initial position according to said electrode, displacement and consumption are estimated the position of electrode in the crucible molten bath;
C, according to the said electrode of the Position Control of said electrode in the crucible molten bath;
Among the said step B, according to formula:
L＝L
0+ΔL
sj-ΔL
xh-ΔL
f
Try to achieve the position of electrode in the crucible molten bath,
Wherein, said L is the position of electrode in the crucible molten bath, said L
0Be the initial position of electrode, said Δ L
SjBe the displacement of electrode, said Δ L
XhBe the normal loss amount of electrode, said Δ L
fWaste when breaking or breaking firmly for the electrode appearance is soft.
2. control method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in the said steps A, adopts absolute type encoder recording electrode stroke, obtains the displacement of the initial position and the electrode of electrode.
3. control method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, among the said step B, when electrode occur soft when disconnected or disconnected firmly, according to formula:
ΔL
f＝L
h-L
q
Try to achieve the waste when the electrode appearance is soft breaks or break firmly;
Wherein, said L
qBe the said soft disconnected or hard disconnected preceding electrode position that is write down, said L
hBe electrode position before said soft disconnected or hard disconnected the generation.
4. control method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said step C comprises: according to the position of said electrode in the crucible molten bath, control electrode voltage makes electrode voltage and the secondary current ratio that detects be tending towards constant.
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| CN2009101894250A CN102111927B (en) | 2009-12-24 | 2009-12-24 | Method and system for controlling electrode of open-type submerged arc ore heat furnace |
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| CN2009101894250A CN102111927B (en) | 2009-12-24 | 2009-12-24 | Method and system for controlling electrode of open-type submerged arc ore heat furnace |
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| CN102111927B true CN102111927B (en) | 2012-11-28 |
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| CN103529265B (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2016-01-13 | 中南大学 | A kind of ore furnace secondary side Electric Power Measurement System and method |
| US20160014850A1 (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2016-01-14 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Systems and methods for control of a workpiece heating system |
| CN106556249A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2017-04-05 | 北京动力源科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method of electrodes in mine hot stove electric arc adjustment, device and electronic equipment |
| CN106679555B (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2023-06-02 | 内蒙古鄂尔多斯电力冶金集团股份有限公司 | Submerged arc furnace electrode position measuring device and submerged arc furnace electrode position measuring method |
| CN108445745A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-08-24 | 中南大学 | A kind of electrode lift control method of ore and system based on neural network decoupling |
| CN109757003B (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2021-06-18 | 重庆大朗冶金新材料有限公司 | Automatic control method for submerged arc furnace |
| CN109862644A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-06-07 | 江苏德龙镍业有限公司 | A kind of electrodes in mine hot stove automatic regulating system |
| CN114659373B (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2023-08-01 | 宁夏昌茂祥冶炼有限公司 | Submerged arc furnace system with automatic lifting electrode and control method thereof |
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| US5539768A (en) * | 1995-03-21 | 1996-07-23 | Ltv Steel Company, Inc. | Electric arc furnace electrode consumption analyzer |
| CN1685766A (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2005-10-19 | 派罗梅特转卖产品股份有限公司 | Arc furnace electrode length determination |
| CN1873564A (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2006-12-06 | 韶关市义太机电设备有限公司 | Method for aotomatic controlling rise fall of electrodes in mine hot stove |
| CN101572970A (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2009-11-04 | 成都晋威科技有限公司 | Method for clamping electrodes of automatic electrode control system of calcium carbide furnace |
-
2009
- 2009-12-24 CN CN2009101894250A patent/CN102111927B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5539768A (en) * | 1995-03-21 | 1996-07-23 | Ltv Steel Company, Inc. | Electric arc furnace electrode consumption analyzer |
| CN1685766A (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2005-10-19 | 派罗梅特转卖产品股份有限公司 | Arc furnace electrode length determination |
| CN1873564A (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2006-12-06 | 韶关市义太机电设备有限公司 | Method for aotomatic controlling rise fall of electrodes in mine hot stove |
| CN101572970A (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2009-11-04 | 成都晋威科技有限公司 | Method for clamping electrodes of automatic electrode control system of calcium carbide furnace |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JP平6-260281A 1994.09.16 |
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Inventor after: Cheng Pengsheng Inventor after: Lv Xiaoxiao Inventor after: Zhong Yutong Inventor after: Sun Yong Inventor after: Yang Xuelai Inventor after: Qiu Baiping Inventor after: Wang Weihe Inventor before: Cheng Pengsheng Inventor before: Lv Xiaoxiao Inventor before: Zhang Xingjian Inventor before: Zhong Yutong |
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