CN102110486A - Glass multi-capillary convergent collimator and X-ray pulsar detection device and method - Google Patents
Glass multi-capillary convergent collimator and X-ray pulsar detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102110486A CN102110486A CN 201010604692 CN201010604692A CN102110486A CN 102110486 A CN102110486 A CN 102110486A CN 201010604692 CN201010604692 CN 201010604692 CN 201010604692 A CN201010604692 A CN 201010604692A CN 102110486 A CN102110486 A CN 102110486A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a glass multi-capillary convergent collimator, an X-ray pulsar detection device and an X-ray pulsar detection method. The X-ray pulsar detection device comprises the glass multi-capillary convergent collimator, an X-ray detector and a data processing unit, wherein the diameter Din of an inlet end of the glass multi-capillary convergent collimator is greater than the diameter Dout of an outlet end; the outlet end of the glass multi-capillary convergent collimator is provided with the X-ray detector; and the X-ray detector is connected with the data processing unit to transmit a received X-ray signal which is collimated and converged by the glass multi-capillary convergent collimator to the data processing unit. Therefore, the X-ray signal is collimated and converged by the glass multi-capillary convergent collimator, so that the X-ray signal from an X-ray pulsar can be detected at high resolution and high flexibility.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to X ray pulsar Detection Techniques field, particularly a kind of glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus and a kind of X ray pulsar sniffer and method with this glass multiple capillary convergence collimating apparatus.
Background technology
In modern technologies, the spacecraft independent navigation has extremely important engineering practical value and military strategy meaning.On the one hand, the spacecraft independent navigation will alleviate the work load of ground observing and controlling system greatly, reduce the laying quantity of tracking telemetry and command station, reduce the operational management and the standing charges of spacecraft; On the other hand, under the hostile environment condition, the spacecraft of independent navigation has reduced the dependence to ground observing and controlling system, strengthens its autonomous viability.At present, still there is not spacecraft realization independent navigation truly.The X ray pulsar can provide abundant navigation information such as position, speed, attitude and time for the spacecraft of terrestrial space, the solar system and Galactic System flight, airmanship based on the X ray pulsar is a kind of novel airmanship, this airmanship can realize the mensuration of spacecraft autonomous orbit determination, time service and attitude, thereby realizes control of spacecraft autonomous Orbit and operational management.Especially can provide outside space-time benchmark for the independent navigation of navigation constellation, satisfy space mission from near-earth orbit, deep space to interstellar space the required lasting high precision navigation demand of flight.X ray pulsar navigation technology is subjected to the great attention in this field because of above-mentioned advantage.
X ray pulsar sniffer is the core component of X ray pulsar navigation system, in the existing X ray pulsar sniffer, the collimating apparatus of detector front all is to adopt many metals aperture collimating apparatus, yet, the spatial resolution of this many metals aperture collimating apparatus is low, and in the process that the X ray signal from the X ray pulsar is collimated, can cause decay to original X ray signal, in addition, this many metals aperture collimating apparatus is very weak to the filtration of other ion, and these defectives all are not easy to the X ray signal from the X ray pulsar is carried out high-resolution and detection in high sensitivity.But the X ray signal from the X ray pulsar is carried out high-resolution and surveys in high sensitivity exactly is again the key point of X ray pulsar navigation technology.
As seen, how realizing the X ray signal from the X ray pulsar is carried out high-resolution and surveys in high sensitivity is the key technical problem that those skilled in the art need solve.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, one object of the present invention is to provide a kind of glass multiple capillary to assemble collimating apparatus, can collimate and assembles the X ray signal.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of X ray pulsar sniffer and method that the glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus that have, can high-resolution, survey X ray signal in high sensitivity from the X ray pulsar.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
The present invention discloses a kind of glass multiple capillary and assembles collimating apparatus, and this glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus and is made of 150～3,000,000 single channel glass capillaries; Wherein, this glass multiple capillary is assembled the inlet end diameter D of collimating apparatus
InGreater than endpiece diameter D
Out
Further, the inlet end that described single channel glass capillary is assembled collimating apparatus at the glass multiple capillary is arranged in parallel, at the convergent point of endpiece along para-curve direction bend alignment and sensing expectation; Wherein, described single channel glass capillary is 0.5mm～18mm at the parabolical focal range on endpiece bend alignment time institute edge; Also be arranged with 6 single channel glass capillaries around the every single channel glass capillary, the diameter range of described single channel glass capillary is 0.2～50 μ m.
Wherein, the diameter of described single channel glass capillary is 20 μ m; And/or the quantity of described single channel glass capillary is 2,300,000; And/or described single channel glass capillary is 5mm at the parabolical focal length on endpiece bend alignment time institute edge.
Further, the scope of the inlet end area of described glass multiple capillary convergence collimating apparatus is 20～500cm
2, the scope of endpiece area is 5mm
2～4000mm
2And/or the scope that described glass multiple capillary is assembled the length of collimating apparatus is 50mm～800mm.
Preferably, the inlet end area of described glass multiple capillary convergence collimating apparatus is 200cm
2, the endpiece area is 285mm
2And/or the length that described glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus is 800mm.
In addition, the present invention also discloses a kind of X ray pulsar sniffer, comprising: the glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus, X-ray detector and data processing unit; Wherein, the glass multiple capillary is assembled the inlet end diameter D of collimating apparatus
InGreater than endpiece diameter D
Out, be placed with described X-ray detector at described endpiece; Described X-ray detector is connected with data processing unit, passes to described data processing unit with the X ray signal by glass multiple capillary convergence collimating device collimation and convergence that will receive.
Further, described glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus and is made of 150～3,000,000 single channel glass capillaries, also is arranged with 6 single channel glass capillaries around the every single channel glass capillary; The inlet end that described single channel glass capillary is assembled collimating apparatus at the glass multiple capillary is arranged in parallel, at endpiece along para-curve direction bend alignment and point to described X-ray detector; Wherein, described single channel glass capillary is 0.5mm～18mm at the parabolical focal range on endpiece bend alignment time institute edge; And/or the scope that described glass multiple capillary is assembled the inlet end area of collimating apparatus is 20～500cm
2, the scope of endpiece area is 5mm
2～4000mm
2The length range that described glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus is 50mm～800mm, and its power density gain margin is 10～1000.
Preferably, the inlet end area of described glass multiple capillary convergence collimating apparatus is 200cm
2, the endpiece area is 285mm
2And/or the length that described glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus is 800mm.
In the described X ray pulsar sniffer, the energy resolution scope of described X-ray detector is 0.14keV～2000keV, and the spatial discrimination scope is 40～200 μ m.
Correspondingly, the present invention also discloses a kind of X ray pulsar detection method, adopt the X ray pulsar sniffer described in the claim 6-9 to survey, this method comprises: the glass multiple capillary is assembled the X ray signal of collimating apparatus reception from the X ray pulsar, and to its collimation and convergence; X-ray detector transfers to data processing unit with the X ray signal after collimation and convergence that detection obtains, and described data processing unit carries out analyzing and processing to the X ray signal that receives.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention can produce following technique effect:
A kind of X ray pulsar sniffer that the glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus that disposes disclosed by the invention, the glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus in the process that the X ray signal from the X ray pulsar is collimated, can also assemble it, thereby improve the ageing of whole sniffer.More preferably, this glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus when the X ray signal of assembling from the X ray pulsar, can also realize the X ray signal is optionally assembled, that is to say, glass multiple capillary of the present invention is assembled collimating apparatus can filter out other particle largely, and this has improved the sensitivity of the X ray pulsar sniffer with this glass multiple capillary convergence collimating apparatus widely.
And, because the internal diameter of every single capillary in the glass multiple capillary that the adopts convergence collimating apparatus is little, so can improve the spatial discrimination of whole sniffer.
In addition, can do very for a short time because the glass multiple capillary that adopts is assembled the endpiece of collimating apparatus, so this sniffer does not need large-area X-ray detector, this greatly reduces the requirement to detector technology, thereby makes this sniffer be convenient to promote.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the X ray pulsar sniffer of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the glass multiple capillary of the embodiment of the invention is assembled collimating apparatus;
Fig. 3 is the cross sectional representation that the glass multiple capillary of the embodiment of the invention is assembled collimating apparatus.
Embodiment
Basic thought of the present invention is: the glass multiple capillary is assembled collimator configuration in X ray pulsar sniffer, realize the X ray signal from the X ray pulsar is carried out high-resolution and detection in high sensitivity.
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, the present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to Fig. 1, show a kind of preferred embodiment of X ray pulsar sniffer of the present invention.In this embodiment, X ray pulsar sniffer (abbreviation sniffer) comprising: data processing unit 1 and a series of detection infinitesimal.Described detection infinitesimal further is made up of X-ray detector 2 and glass multiple capillary convergence collimating apparatus 3, and as shown in Figure 1, the number of the detection infinitesimal that present embodiment adopts is 12.
In detection process, assemble collimating apparatus 3 from the X ray signal 4 of X ray pulsar by the glass multiple capillary and enter described sniffer, assemble collimating apparatus 3 collimations, assemble through the glass multiple capillary, described collimation, the X ray signal 4 after assembling are surveyed by X-ray detector 2, and X-ray detector 2 obtains X ray signal 4 with detection and goes to data processing unit 1 and carry out signal Processing.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, each building block of present embodiment is further detailed:
One, surveys infinitesimal
In the present embodiment, survey infinitesimal and comprise X-ray detector 2 and glass multiple capillary convergence collimating apparatus 3.
Need to prove that the relative position between the described detection infinitesimal determines that according to the number of surveying infinitesimal the number of described detection infinitesimal then depends on actual detection requirement.
In actual applications, the scope of the number of described detection infinitesimal when surveying at some celestial bodies, generally adopts 5 to survey infinitesimal between 5～200; When carrying out many to greatest extent celestial bodies when measuring simultaneously, generally adopt 200 to survey infinitesimals.Comparatively preferably, adopt 120 to survey infinitesimal, be convenient to give full play to the function that each surveys infinitesimal this moment.
1, X-ray detector
In the present embodiment, X-ray detector 2 is for carrying out the X-ray detector of energy resolution and spatial discrimination simultaneously, and the big I of its energy resolution and spatial discrimination requires to determine according to concrete detection.
Generally, the energy resolution scope of X-ray detector 2 is 0.14keV～2000keV, and the spatial discrimination scope of X-ray detector 2 is 40～200 μ m.
2, the glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus
In the present embodiment, the glass multiple capillary is assembled single channel glass capillary (abbreviation single capillary) formation of collimating apparatus 3 by some, wherein, the single capillary that all single capillaries are assembled the inlet end of collimating apparatus 3 at the glass multiple capillary is arranged in parallel, and, because the diameter of described inlet end is greater than the diameter of endpiece, so during asymptotic endpiece, single capillary can carry out bend alignment along the para-curve direction, promptly the crooked of certain amplitude arranged and point to the convergent point of expecting, and be placed with X-ray detector 2 at this convergent point place at endpiece.Wherein, the parabolical focal length on described single capillary bend alignment time institute edge depends on that the glass multiple capillary assembles the diameter of collimating apparatus 3 inlet ends and endpiece.Usually, single capillary is 0.5mm～18mm at the parabolical focal range on endpiece bend alignment time institute edge.For example: when the inlet end area is 20cm
2, the endpiece area is 5mm
2, the parabolical focal length on institute edge is 0.5mm; When the inlet end area is 500cm
2, the endpiece area is 4000mm
2The time, the parabolical focal length on institute edge is 18mm; Preferably, the inlet end area when glass multiple capillary convergence collimating apparatus 3 is 200cm
2, the endpiece area is 285mm
2The time, parabolical focal length is 5mm, this moment, the transfer efficiency of each single capillary was the highest.
In general, it is to be made of 150～3,000,000 single capillaries that described glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus 3, and wherein, the quantity of single capillary depends on the number of surveying infinitesimal, and for example: when adopting 5 to survey infinitesimal, the quantity of single capillary is 1,500,000; When adopting 200 to survey infinitesimal, the quantity of single capillary is 3,000,000; When adopting 120 to survey infinitesimal, the quantity of single capillary is 2,300,000, and this moment, the transfer efficiency of every single tube was the highest.
Need to prove that it is little because of the internal diameter of its every of adopting single capillary that the glass multiple capillary of present embodiment is assembled collimating apparatus 3, therefore can improve the spatial discrimination of whole sniffer.Wherein, the diameter of described single capillary depends on the number of surveying infinitesimal, and the diameter range of single capillary is: 0.2～50 μ m.When adopting 5 to survey infinitesimal, the diameter of single capillary is 50 μ m; When adopting 200 to survey infinitesimal, the diameter of single capillary is 0.2 μ m; When adopting 120 to survey infinitesimal, the diameter of single capillary is 20 μ m, and this moment, the transfer efficiency of every single capillary was the highest.
Wherein, the every single capillary that constitutes glass multiple capillary convergence collimating apparatus 3 is circular substantially, as shown in Figure 3, the arrangement mode of described single capillary is generally adopted in such a way: also be arranged with 6 single capillaries around the every single capillary, this arrangement mode is convenient to assemble the quantity that increases single capillary in the collimating apparatus 3 at the glass multiple capillary, thereby improves the power density gain that the glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus 3 endpiece.
Here, assemble the structure of collimating apparatus 3 by following parameter declaration glass multiple capillary:
1) inlet end diameter D
In, endpiece diameter D
Out
In the present embodiment, the glass multiple capillary is assembled the inlet end diameter D of collimating apparatus 3
InGreater than endpiece diameter D
Out, be convenient to realize convergence like this to X ray.
Referring to Fig. 2, show the structure that present embodiment glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus 3.Wherein, the scope of the inlet end area of described glass multiple capillary convergence collimating apparatus 3 is at 20～500cm
2, the scope of endpiece area is 5mm
2～4000mm
2
It is to be noted, the number of described detection infinitesimal has further determined the glass multiple capillary to assemble the inlet end area and the endpiece area of collimating apparatus 3, for example: when adopting 5 to survey infinitesimal, the glass multiple capillary is assembled the inlet end area and the long-pending 20cm that is respectively of exit end face of collimating apparatus 3
2And 55mm
2When adopting 200 to survey infinitesimal, the glass multiple capillary is assembled the inlet end area and the long-pending 500cm that is respectively of exit end face of collimating apparatus 3
2And 4000mm
2When adopting 120 to survey infinitesimal, the glass multiple capillary is assembled the inlet end area and the long-pending 200cm that is respectively of exit end face of collimating apparatus 3
2And 285mm
2, this moment, the transfer efficiency of every single tube was the highest.
Because it is very little that the endpiece of the glass multiple capillary that adopts convergence collimating apparatus 3 can be done, so this sniffer does not need to have larger area X-ray detector 2, this greatly reduces X-ray detector 2 technologic requirements, thereby makes this sniffer be convenient to promote.
2) power density gain
Power density gain (enlargement factor) scope that described glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus 3 endpiece is generally 10～1000.
Herein, the number of described detection infinitesimal has determined the glass multiple capillary to assemble the power density gain of collimating apparatus 3 endpiece again, and for example: when adopting 5 to survey infinitesimal, the power density gain that the glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus 3 endpiece is 10; When adopting 200 to survey infinitesimal, the power density gain that the glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus 3 endpiece is 1000.
3) length L
The length L of glass multiple capillary convergence collimating apparatus 3 is mainly decided according to the material of single capillary, and in the present embodiment, the scope that the glass multiple capillary is assembled the length L of collimating apparatus 3 is about 50mm～800mm.
For example: when adopting silicate glass as the material of single capillary, the length L that the glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus is preferably 50mm; When adopting lead glass as the material of single capillary, the length L that the glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus is preferably 800mm.
So far as seen, assemble collimating apparatus in the process of collimation at the glass multiple capillary from the X ray signal of X ray pulsar, can assemble it, thereby improved the ageing of whole device, and when utilizing this glass multiple capillary to assemble collimating apparatus to assemble X ray signal from the X ray pulsar, be selectively to assemble, promptly this kind glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus and can be filtered out other particle largely, and this has improved the sensitivity of assembling the X ray pulsar sniffer of collimating apparatus based on the glass multiple capillary greatly.
Two, data processing unit
Data processing unit 1 is connected in X-ray detector 2, receives X-ray detector 2 and surveys the X ray signal 4 that obtains, and X ray signal 4 is carried out analyzing and processing.
Wherein, data processing unit 1 is a series of multichannel analyzers, and they can carry out energy spectrum analysis with the X ray signal from different x-ray detector 2.For example, present embodiment can adopt a series of 1024 road multichannel analyzers as data processing unit 1.
Correspondingly, the present invention also discloses a kind of X ray pulsar detection method, and it adopts above-mentioned X ray pulsar sniffer to survey, and this detection method comprises:
The glass multiple capillary is assembled the X ray signal of collimating apparatus reception from the X ray pulsar, and to its collimation and convergence;
X-ray detector transfers to data processing unit with the X ray signal after collimation and convergence that detection obtains, and described data processing unit carries out analyzing and processing to the X ray signal that receives.
In the above-described embodiments, the description of each embodiment is all emphasized particularly on different fields, do not have the part that describes in detail among certain embodiment, can get final product referring to the associated description of other embodiment.The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, just is used for description and interpretation the present invention, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus, it is characterized in that, this glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus and is made of 150～3,000,000 single channel glass capillaries;
Wherein, this glass multiple capillary is assembled the inlet end diameter D of collimating apparatus
InGreater than endpiece diameter D
Out
2. glass multiple capillary according to claim 1 is assembled collimating apparatus, it is characterized in that, the inlet end that described single channel glass capillary is assembled collimating apparatus at the glass multiple capillary is arranged in parallel, at the convergent point of endpiece along para-curve direction bend alignment and sensing expectation;
Wherein, described single channel glass capillary is 0.5mm～18mm at the parabolical focal range on endpiece bend alignment time institute edge; Also be arranged with 6 single channel glass capillaries around the every single channel glass capillary, the diameter range of described single channel glass capillary is 0.2～50 μ m.
3. glass multiple capillary according to claim 2 is assembled collimating apparatus, it is characterized in that the diameter of described single channel glass capillary is 20 μ m; And/or the quantity of described single channel glass capillary is 2,300,000; And/or described single channel glass capillary is 5mm at the parabolical focal length on endpiece bend alignment time institute edge.
4. assemble collimating apparatus according to claim 1,2 or 3 described glass multiple capillaries, it is characterized in that the scope that described glass multiple capillary is assembled the inlet end area of collimating apparatus is 20～500cm
2, the scope of endpiece area is 5mm
2～4000mm
2And/or the scope that described glass multiple capillary is assembled the length of collimating apparatus is 50mm～800mm.
5. glass multiple capillary according to claim 4 is assembled collimating apparatus, it is characterized in that, the inlet end area that described glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus is 200cm
2, the endpiece area is 285mm
2And/or the length that described glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus is 800mm.
6. an X ray pulsar sniffer is characterized in that, comprising: the glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus, X-ray detector and data processing unit; Wherein,
The glass multiple capillary is assembled the inlet end diameter D of collimating apparatus
InGreater than endpiece diameter D
Out, be placed with described X-ray detector at described endpiece;
Described X-ray detector is connected with data processing unit, passes to described data processing unit with the X ray signal by glass multiple capillary convergence collimating device collimation and convergence that will receive.
7. X ray pulsar sniffer according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus and is made of 150～3,000,000 single channel glass capillaries, also is arranged with 6 single channel glass capillaries around the every single channel glass capillary; The inlet end that described single channel glass capillary is assembled collimating apparatus at the glass multiple capillary is arranged in parallel, at endpiece along para-curve direction bend alignment and point to described X-ray detector;
Wherein, described single channel glass capillary is 0.5mm～18mm at the parabolical focal range on endpiece bend alignment time institute edge; And/or the scope that described glass multiple capillary is assembled the inlet end area of collimating apparatus is 20～500cm
2, the scope of endpiece area is 5mm
2～4000mm
2The length range that described glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus is 50mm～800mm, and its power density gain margin is 10～1000.
8. according to claim 6 or 7 described X ray pulsar sniffers, it is characterized in that the inlet end area that described glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus is 200cm
2, the endpiece area is 285mm
2And/or the length that described glass multiple capillary is assembled collimating apparatus is 800mm.
9. X ray pulsar sniffer according to claim 8 is characterized in that the energy resolution scope of described X-ray detector is 0.14keV～2000keV, and the spatial discrimination scope is 40～200 μ m.
10. an X ray pulsar detection method is characterized in that, adopts the X ray pulsar sniffer described in the claim 6-9 to survey, and this method comprises:
The glass multiple capillary is assembled the X ray signal of collimating apparatus reception from the X ray pulsar, and to its collimation and convergence;
X-ray detector transfers to data processing unit with the X ray signal after collimation and convergence that detection obtains, and described data processing unit carries out analyzing and processing to the X ray signal that receives.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN103091700A (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2013-05-08 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | Satellite-borne pulsar X-ray spectrometer |
| CN103900562A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | Pulsar navigation X-ray timing explorer |
| CN104502375A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-08 | 北京师范大学 | Quasi monochromatic light imaging system |
| CN104515785A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-15 | 北京师范大学 | Nano imaging system |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN103091700A (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2013-05-08 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | Satellite-borne pulsar X-ray spectrometer |
| CN103900562A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | Pulsar navigation X-ray timing explorer |
| CN104502375A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-08 | 北京师范大学 | Quasi monochromatic light imaging system |
| CN104515785A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-15 | 北京师范大学 | Nano imaging system |
| CN104502375B (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2018-07-06 | 北京师范大学 | Quasi-monochromatic light imaging system |
| CN104515785B (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2018-07-27 | 北京师范大学 | Nanometer imaging system |
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