CN102108454B - Surface/block metal matrix composite and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Surface/block metal matrix composite and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102108454B CN102108454B CN 200910248824 CN200910248824A CN102108454B CN 102108454 B CN102108454 B CN 102108454B CN 200910248824 CN200910248824 CN 200910248824 CN 200910248824 A CN200910248824 A CN 200910248824A CN 102108454 B CN102108454 B CN 102108454B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005021 gait Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001283 5083 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001094 6061 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910017150 AlTi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a surface/block metal matrix composite and preparation method thereof. The surface/block metal matrix composite and preparation method comprises a matrix and a reinforcement body, wherein the volume content of the reinforcement phase is 5-40%; and the thickness of the composite is 0.5-20mm. The preparation method comprises the steps of adopting the dot-matrix type porous particle prearrangement manner and preparing the surface/block metal matrix composite through agitation and friction process. In the composite material provided by the invention, enhancement phase is distributed very uniformly and perfectly combined with the matrix, the layer thickness of the composite material can reach 0.5-20mm, and the phenomenon of particle splattering is eliminated during FSPprocess.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallic substance, be specifically related to a kind of surface/bulk metal based composites and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Metallic substance has lightweight, high-strength, advantage such as plasticity is good, has a wide range of applications at industrial circles such as automobile, aerospace.Stupalith has advantages such as Young's modulus height, wear resistance is good, high-temperature behavior is good.Ceramic particle being added to being prepared into metal-base composites in the metal alloy and can giving full play to the advantage of the two, is the effective way that promotes material property or produce novel texture/functional materials.This class matrix material has wide application prospect in the engineering Application Areas.
At present, the particles reiforced metal-base composition preparation method mainly contains two classes, i.e. liquid phase process and solid state process.In liquid phase process, the one, elder generation melts metallic matrix then ceramic particle to be added in the molten metal and stirs, and the cooling back forms matrix material, but owing to there being density difference, is difficult to make even particle distribution.Another is after ceramic particle is made prefabricated section, the molten metal extruding is entered wherein form matrix material, owing to require prefabricated section that enough intensity is arranged, granule content is very high, therefore can't prepare the matrix material of low volume fraction.Solid state process is earlier metal-powder and ceramic particle to be mixed, and forms through the High Temperature High Pressure sintering under vacuum or protection of inert gas.No matter be liquid phase process or solid state process, because the preparation temperature height all be easy to generate chemical reaction and generate harmful phase, and their preparation technology is very complicated, the production cycle is long, the cost costliness.
Agitating friction processing (Friction stir processing, FSP) be that a kind of that development in recent years is got up lacks flow process, type material high-effect, that the scope of application is extensive prepares and processing technology, be successfully applied to the preparation of metal-base composites, particularly the composite system that at high temperature is easy to react for preparation has outstanding advantage.This is because one side FSP is that its processing temperature is lower than conventional forming technique in solid-state processing down; The FSP process velocity is fast on the other hand, and the time that material at high temperature experiences is very short.
Prepare in the process for metal base composite material at FSP, a kind of is earlier the wild phase particle to be mixed with matrix powder, through colding pressing or hot pressed sintering becomes the block green compact, then green compact is carried out FSP generation matrix material, can be described as indirect method.Another kind is earlier the wild phase particle to be preset in a certain way on the sheet metal then directly FSP, utilizes the stirring action of machining tool in the FSP process that particle is directly stirred into and forms matrix material in the sheet metal, can be described as direct method.Compare with indirect method, direct method is more economical, quick, efficient.Yet this method has 2 deficiencies: the one, and the distributing homogeneity of wild phase is undesirable, and the 2nd, be mainly used in the preparation composite surface material at present, very difficult for the preparation of blocks of large matrix material.
Prepare in the metal-base composites at direct method FSP, in which way the wild phase particle being preset in the sheet metal is the final key of even distribution wild phase matrix material that obtains to have.The particle preset mode of having reported at present has following several: (1) directly is layered on plate surface with particle.This method starts from the initial period that FSP prepares matrix material, and is simple, efficient, but powder easily splashes, and only is applicable to the composite surface material layer that preparation is very shallow.(2) offer a groove with certain-length, degree of depth at plate surface, carry out FSP along its length direction edge behind the particle of in groove, packing into.Sometimes fly shallowly for what prevent from adding the particle in man-hour, add the layer of metal cover plate at groove.This method is extensively employing of institute in the research at present, has reduced splashing of particle, and prepared composite layer is also thicker.(3) be close to the deep hole that one of drill with ferrule under the metal sheet surface is parallel to the surface, the particle of packing in the hole carries out FSP along the depth direction in hole.Obviously, adding cover plate on its purpose, effect and the groove is a reason.Compare with adding the cover plate method on the groove, though this method has been saved the link that adds cover plate, its boring difficulty is big, particularly for the very big blind hole of the degree of depth, therefore is not suitable for production application.Generally speaking, with the composite surface material that mostly is of above-mentioned side's preparation, and the distributing homogeneity of wild phase is undesirable.This is because during FSP, the stirring tool in advancing also can be pushed ahead by the particle that presets that the place ahead is loose when particle is stirred into matrix, forms and piles up, thereby cause the inhomogeneous of size distribution.For the groove of open type, particle can directly splash out, although can prevent that powder from splashing after having added cover plate, can not eliminate movement, the accumulation of particle, therefore also just can not fundamentally solve the inhomogeneous problem of powder distribution.
The invention provides a kind of surface/bulk metal based composites technology of preparing, be used in preparation composite surface material layer or block matrix material on magnesium, aluminium, copper, zinc, the titanium alloy plate, its wild phase is pottery or metallic particles.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of surface/bulk metal based composites and preparation method thereof.
The invention provides a kind of surface/bulk metal based composites, this surface/bulk metal based composites is made up of matrix and wild phase, and wherein the volume content of wild phase is 5～40%; The thickness of this matrix material is 0.5～20 millimeter.
Surface provided by the invention/bulk metal based composites, described matrix are a kind of in magnesium alloy, aluminium alloy, copper alloy, zinc alloy, the titanium alloy; Described wild phase is pottery or metallic particles.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of surface/bulk metal based composites, adopts dot matrix porous particle preset mode, prepares surface/bulk metal based composites by the agitating friction complete processing.
The preparation method of surface provided by the invention/bulk metal based composites, described dot matrix porous particle preset mode is for getting out a series of apertures of arranging with the dot matrix rule on the sheet metal surface, the diameter of aperture is 0.5～20 millimeter, the degree of depth is 0.5～20 millimeter, with diameter 0.1 micron～0.5 millimeter wild phase uniform particles fill aperture and compacting.
The preparation method of surface provided by the invention/bulk metal based composites, described agitating friction fabrication process condition is under the processing condition of 200～2000 rev/mins of instrument rotating speeds, gait of march 20～600 mm/min, and the processing of 2～6 passage agitating frictions is carried out in the place of filling particle.The addition of the diameter by control punch, the depth and dense degree control particle forms wild phase content and is 5～40% composite surface material layer or block matrix material.
Microstructure observation shows that in the matrix material that obtains, wild phase distributes very evenly, and is good with matrix bond, and the bed thickness of matrix material can reach 0.5～20 millimeter.No particle splash phenomena takes place in the FSP process.Think that this mainly is owing to adopted rational particle preset mode and FSP processing parameter.For the dot matrix porous particle preset mode among the present invention, owing to be porous, with regard to being equivalent to the discrete particle in the groove is broken the whole up into parts like this, distribute once in advance.Intermetallic between the Kong Yukong can't be compacted particle in reach under the stirring tool pushing effect, accumulation, formation splash every playing barrier action below just entering shaft shoulder forward position, and then be stirred the pin original place and stir in the matrix.In follow-up passage, obtain fine and close matrix material uniformly by adjusting draught.This technology can have broad application prospects.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 prepares synoptic diagram for metal-base composites of the present invention.Wherein, 1 is sheet metal, and 2 is aperture, and 3 is the agitating friction machining path, and 4 is that final matrix material generates the district.
Embodiment
The following examples will give further instruction to the present invention, but not thereby limiting the invention.
SiC strengthens aluminium base skin layer composite material manufacturing process: get out a series of apertures at 6 mm thick, 5083 aluminium sheets, the diameter in hole is that 1 millimeter, the degree of depth are 1 millimeter, and the hole between centers is 2 millimeters.It is compacting in 0.5 micron the SiC particle load hole with diameter.Under the condition of 1000 rev/mins of rotating speeds, gait of march 200 mm/min, 2 passage FSP are carried out in the place of filling particle.There is not the particle splash phenomena in the FSP process.The thickness of gained matrix material is 1 millimeter, and the volume fraction of SiC particle is 7%, is evenly distributed, and is combined well with aluminum substrate.
Comparative example 1
Be layered on 5083 aluminium sheets air-dryly after the SiC particle mixed with acetone, under the condition of 600 rev/mins of rotating speeds, gait of march 50 mm/min, 2 passage FSP carried out in the place of filling particle.Because the rotation of stirring tool is flowed ambient air, the part powder splashes.Gained matrix material layer thickness is 50～200 microns.This method gained composite layer is very shallow, and maldistribution is even.(RS.Mishra，et?al.，Mater.Sci.Eng.A?341(2003)307-310.)
SiC strengthens magnesium matrix composite material manufacturing process: get out a series of apertures at 10 mm thick AZ31 magnesium plates, the diameter in hole is that 6 millimeters, the degree of depth are 9 millimeters, and the hole between centers is 7 millimeters.Be compacting in 3.0 microns the SiC particle load hole with diameter, under 1500 rev/mins of rotating speeds, gait of march 100 mm/min conditions, carry out 5 passage FSP.There are not particle packing, splash phenomena in the FSP process.The thickness of gained matrix material is 9 millimeters, and the volume fraction of SiC particle is 30%, is evenly distributed, and is combined well with aluminum substrate.
Comparative example 2
Leave dark 2 millimeters, wide 3 millimeters, long 200 millimeters groove at 6 mm thick AZ31 magnesium plates.Be the compacting in the groove of packing into of 3.0 microns SiC particle with diameter, under the condition of 1500 rev/mins of rotating speeds, gait of march 100 mm/min, carry out 5 passage FSP.The SiC particle is obviously piled up under the pushing effect of stirring-head in the FSP process, overflows groove.The SiC particle exists reunion and dilution phenomenon in the microtexture analysis revealed matrix material.
Comparative example 3
Leave dark 2 millimeters, wide 3 millimeters, long 200 millimeters groove at 6 mm thick AZ31 magnesium plates.Be the compacting in the groove of packing into of 3.0 microns SiC particle with diameter, 2 millimeters AZ31 thin plate carries out 5 passage FSP on the upper cover under the condition of 1500 rev/mins of rotating speeds, gait of march 100 mm/min.FSP process thin cover plate at the middle and upper levels is distorted, and has the part of SiC particle to overflow.The SiC particle exists reunion and dilution phenomenon in the microtexture analysis revealed matrix material.
The reaction in intermetallic compound strengthens the aluminum composite manufacturing process: get out a series of apertures at 6 mm thick, 6061 aluminium sheets, the diameter in hole is that 2 millimeters, the degree of depth are 5 millimeters, and the hole between centers is 3 millimeters.Be compacting in～40 microns the Ti powder load hole with diameter, under the condition of 600 rev/mins of rotating speeds, gait of march 100 mm/min, carry out 4 passage FSP.The thickness of gained matrix material is 5 millimeters, and material phase analysis shows that the Ti powder reacts with aluminum substrate, generates AlTi, Al
2Ti, Al
3Ti intermetallic chemicals, its volume fraction is 8%, distributes very evenly.
Comparative example 4
The reaction in intermetallic compound strengthens the aluminum composite manufacturing process: get out a series of apertures at 6 mm thick, 6061 aluminium sheets, the diameter in hole is that 2 millimeters, the degree of depth are 5 millimeters, and the hole between centers is 3 millimeters.Be compacting in～40 microns the Ti powder load hole with diameter, under the condition of 600 rev/mins of rotating speeds, gait of march 100 mm/min, carry out 1 passage FSP.The thickness of gained matrix material is 5 millimeters, and material phase analysis shows except generating AlTi, Al
2Ti, Al
3Outside the Ti intermetallic chemicals, also have part Ti to have the skewness of particle.
Claims (4)
1. surface/bulk metal based composites, it is characterized in that: this surface/bulk metal based composites is made up of matrix and wild phase, and wherein the volume content of wild phase is 5～40%; The thickness of this matrix material is 0.5～20 millimeter;
The preparation method of this surface/bulk metal based composites prepares surface/bulk metal based composites for adopting dot matrix porous particle preset mode by the agitating friction complete processing;
Described dot matrix porous particle preset mode is for getting out a series of apertures of arranging with the dot matrix rule on the sheet metal surface, with diameter 0.1 micron～0.5 millimeter wild phase uniform particles fill aperture and compacting;
Described agitating friction fabrication process condition is under the processing condition of 200～2000 rev/mins of instrument rotating speeds, gait of march 20～600 mm/min, and the processing of 2～6 passage agitating frictions is carried out in the place of filling particle.
2. according to the described surface of claim 1/bulk metal based composites, it is characterized in that: described matrix is a kind of in magnesium alloy, aluminium alloy, copper alloy, zinc alloy, the titanium alloy.
3. according to the described surface of claim 1/bulk metal based composites, it is characterized in that: described wild phase is pottery or metallic particles.
4. according to the described surface of claim 1/bulk metal based composites, it is characterized in that: the diameter of the aperture that described dot matrix rule is arranged is 0.5～20 millimeter, and the degree of depth is 0.5～20 millimeter.
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| CN103060597B (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2015-05-13 | 浙江天乐新材料科技有限公司 | Reinforced metal composite material of ceramic skeleton with periodical micro truss structure |
| US20140261900A1 (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-18 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Friction surface stir process |
| CN105220021A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2016-01-06 | 广州市美伦建材有限公司 | A kind of sheet metal molding method for preparing |
| CN108396163B (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2020-08-18 | 武汉理工大学 | Preparation method of carbon nano tube reinforced foamed aluminum-based composite material |
| CN108930034B (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2021-01-29 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Preparation method of light metal block composite material, composite material and device |
| CN108817642A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-16 | 南京航空航天大学 | A method of improving non-heat treated reinforced aluminium alloy friction stir welding joint strength |
| CN109175667A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-11 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of hydroxyapatite/composite material of magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN109112343B (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2020-08-14 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of graphene aluminum alloy |
| CN113084326A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-07-09 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Metal-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114457298B (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-12-06 | 湘潭大学 | Preparation method of nanocrystalline aluminum alloy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1227206A (en) * | 1998-12-25 | 1999-09-01 | 北京航空材料研究院 | Foamed silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminium base composite material and its producing technology |
| CN101560617A (en) * | 2009-05-18 | 2009-10-21 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing aluminum-based composite material plate by friction stir |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1227206A (en) * | 1998-12-25 | 1999-09-01 | 北京航空材料研究院 | Foamed silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminium base composite material and its producing technology |
| CN101560617A (en) * | 2009-05-18 | 2009-10-21 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing aluminum-based composite material plate by friction stir |
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