CN102107266A - Method for driving unconsolidated molten metal in cast ingot to flow - Google Patents
Method for driving unconsolidated molten metal in cast ingot to flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN102107266A CN102107266A CN2010105663578A CN201010566357A CN102107266A CN 102107266 A CN102107266 A CN 102107266A CN 2010105663578 A CN2010105663578 A CN 2010105663578A CN 201010566357 A CN201010566357 A CN 201010566357A CN 102107266 A CN102107266 A CN 102107266A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for driving unconsolidated molten metal in cast ingot to flow, and relates to the field of metal casting technology. The method comprises the following steps: dividing more than two (including two) areas and a flowing path of the molten metal according to the size and shape of the cross section of the cast ingot; and disposing a movable magnetic field generating device consisting of an iron core and a coil along the edge of the outer part of the cast ingot, wherein the movable magnetic field generated by the movable magnetic field generating device enables the molten metal in each area to flow respectively. The method provided by the invention is reasonable and unique in principle; the structure of the device is simple and reliable. By adopting the method, the molten metal is driven by the electromagnetic force generated by the set movable magnetic field to flow according to determined area and direction, and the temperature difference within the influence range of the flow field of the molten metal in the cast ingot is reduced so that the alloy components in molten metal are more uniform, the defects of macrosegregation and the like of the alloy components in the cast ingot are reduced, and the quality of the cast ingot is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the metal casting technical field, the method and apparatus that especially a kind of molten metal that drives ot-yet-hardened in the ingot casting in the cast metals process flows.
Background technology
In the continuous and semi-continuous casting process of metal material, often need molten metal is cast as the ingot casting of different geometries, as billet, slab ingot or square ingot.In casting process, because the outer surface cooling velocity of ingot casting is very fast, and heart portion cooling velocity is slower, there are the bigger temperature difference in the heart portion of ingot casting and the outside of ingot casting, this is to cause that the ingot casting core structure is loose, crystal grain is thick, gross segregation occurs, even the major reason of defective such as cracks.Therefore in casting process, pursue the proper method, the liquation that makes ot-yet-hardened in the ingot casting is mobile between the solidified shell of the heart portion of ingot casting and ingot casting, thereby reduce the ingot casting heart portion and the outside temperature difference, the gross segregation that reduces alloying component in the ingot casting is the important means that reduces casting defect, improves ingot quality.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the mobile method of molten metal that a kind of (in the continuous and semicontinuous ingot casting process of metal) drives ot-yet-hardened in the ingot casting, its method is reasonable, principle is unique, apparatus structure is simple and reliable, utilize this method, the electromagnetic force driving liquation that produces by the shifting magnetic field of setting flows by zone of determining and direction, can reduce the temperature difference in the coverage of ingot casting inner melt flow field, make that the alloying component in the liquation is more even, reduce the defectives such as gross segregation of alloying component in the ingot casting, thereby improved ingot quality greatly.
The present invention is achieved in that the method that a kind of molten metal that drives ot-yet-hardened in the ingot casting flows, and it is characterized in that:
A, at first be divided into the zone that (contains two) more than two according to the size of ingot casting cross section and shape, each zone comprises the edge of one section ingot casting outside;
B, set the flow path of molten metals in these zones, the path of flowing as liquation in each border in zone; On the adjacent two regional shared borders, the flow direction unanimity of liquation, adjacent two zones, the same edge of ingot casting are near the liquation of ingot casting edge part, and the liquation flow direction is opposite; The centre of one section ingot casting of should flowing through in the flow path of each regional metal liquation;
C, formed or be about in the solidified shell of ingot casting and formed, the ingot casting position that the ingot casting inner melt does not solidify as yet fully, edge arrangement round the ingot casting outside constitutes the shifting magnetic field generation device by iron core and coil, and the quantity of iron core and coil and concrete structure are determined according to kind, physical dimension and the ingot casting shape of ingot casting; The layout of coil and the mode of connection are determined according to the flow path of setting;
D, feed alternating current to coil, make the shifting magnetic field generation device of being made up of iron core and coil produce the shifting magnetic field, it is mobile that the shifting magnetic field produces molten metal; Change sense of current in the coil groups, can change the direction of shifting magnetic field, and then can change the flow direction of molten metal; According to the direction of the mobile path setting shifting magnetic field of the liquation of setting, the liquation that can make the ot-yet-hardened in the ingot casting is by the path flow of setting.
Described size and shape according to the ingot casting cross section is divided into the zone that (contains two) more than two, can divide like this: billet can be divided into the billet center and be the sector region on summit or be two semicircle zones in boundary line with the diameter, billet can be divided into 2n(n=1,2,3 ...) individual zone; The unequal slab ingot of adjacent two edge lengths can be divided into the zone of some square or rectangles along long side direction; If ingot casting is thicker, promptly minor face is bigger, such as surpassing 300mm, also can be divided into two zones at short side direction; Side's ingot then can be according to the size of square ingot, and one side, edge or adjacent both sides are divided, thereby form two or four zones;
Describedly constitute the installation site of shifting magnetic field generation device,, formed or be about in the solidified shell of ingot casting and form the ingot casting position that the ingot casting inner melt does not solidify as yet fully in the outside of ingot casting by iron core and coil groups; This position often near the crystallizer of ingot casting, therefore constitutes the crystallizer outside that the shifting magnetic field generation device also can be installed in ingot casting by iron core and coil; If crystallizer has cooling water tank, constitute the water tank the inside that the shifting magnetic field generation device also can be installed in the crystallizer of ingot casting by iron core and coil.
The winding configuration of described coil groups is the gram winding or adopts and concentrate winding configuration better.Other meet the requirements of winding configuration and also can.Power frequency is better between 0.3Hz～100Hz.
Described metal is ferrous metal or non-ferrous metals such as steel, iron, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy or copper alloy.
Good effect of the present invention is: efficiently solve that exist always and unsolved always problem in the prior art for a long time, its method is reasonable, principle is unique, apparatus structure is simple and reliable, utilize this method or device, the electromagnetic force driving liquation that produces by the shifting magnetic field of setting flows by zone of determining and direction, can reduce the temperature difference in the coverage of ingot casting inner melt flow field, make that the alloying component in the liquation is more even, reduce the defectives such as gross segregation of alloying component in the ingot casting, thereby improved ingot quality greatly.
Be described further explanation below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is in casting process, and the cross section of ingot casting is circular, and the winding mode drives the method schematic diagram that molten metal flows for the gram winding.
Fig. 2 is in casting process, and the cross section of ingot casting is the slab ingot of rectangle, and the winding mode drives the method schematic diagram that molten metal flows for concentrating winding.
Each label declaration among the figure: the 1-iron core, the 2-ingot casting, the 3-coil, 4-area limit face ,+-initiating terminal during coil winding ,--end during coil winding.
The specific embodiment
Below described specific embodiment only in order to further explanation the present invention, be not suitable for limiting the present invention.
In casting process, the ingot casting cross section can be circle, rectangle, shape such as square, this method at first is that the ingot casting with varying cross-section is divided into several zones by its different shape, can arrange the coil groups of forming by three coils 3 at each region exterior edge, the ingot casting of different size can be arranged the coil groups of varying number, and the ingot casting of big specification often needs to arrange more coil groups; Different power supply modes (as three phase supply, 120 ° of each phase phase differences; Two-phase power supply, 90 ° of phase potential differences etc.) also can influence the quantity of coil groups and the quantity of every group of coil.Pass to alternating current to coil groups, make iron core 1 and coil groups produce the shifting magnetic field, this shifting magnetic field makes each zone of ingot casting produce specific flow field.Accompanying drawing is illustrated above-mentioned situation respectively below, and the winding configuration of coil can be: gram winding, concentrated winding, adopt the three-phase alternating current power supply.
Each zone of dividing comprises the edge of one section ingot casting outside, constitute the shifting magnetic field generation device round this edge arrangement by iron core 1 and coil 3, in coil 3, pass to alternating current, form the shifting magnetic field, the shifting magnetic field acts on the molten metal in the ingot casting, drives molten metal and flows.
Embodiment 1:
See Fig. 1, shown in the cross section of ingot casting be circular, the winding mode is the gram winding:
The billet cross section is divided into 2n zone, gets n=1, i.e. two zones of 2 * 1=2: zone 1, zone 2.In zone 1, zone 2, set the mobile direction of molten metal as shown in Figure 1.The shifting magnetic field generation device of forming by iron core 1 and coil 3 in the outer setting of ingot casting 2.The coil groups that coiling is made up of three coils 3 on the pairing iron core 1 of each region exterior, be respectively A phase coil, B phase coil, C phase coil, the lead-in wire of each coil 3 is by "+", "-" number sign, totally 12 place's wiring points, press A, B, the power supply of C three-phase alternating current, the direction of winding of coil, arrangement and order are as shown in Figure 1.
The concrete mode of connection is: the lead-in wire that indicates "-" of all coils 3 is connected; After being connected, receives by the lead-in wire of the indicating of two A phase coils "+" number the A phase of three phase mains; After being connected, receives by the lead-in wire of the indicating of two B phase coils "+" number the B phase of three phase mains; After being connected, receives by the lead-in wire of the indicating of two C phase coils "+" number the C phase of three phase mains;
Take the mode of connection as implied above, pass to alternating current to coil groups after, form two shifting magnetic fields that the adjacent area moving direction is opposite, magnetic direction as shown in Figure 1.Two shifting magnetic fields make molten metal produce two at the ingot casting edge and flow to opposite flow field, two flow fields are converged at interface 4 places in two zones, flow along interface 4, at interface 4 places, flowing to of adjacent two regional flow fields is identical, and the track in flow field promptly is the molten metal flow path that is provided with.
By changing the mode of connection of coil 3 in each coil groups, can change magnetic direction, can change the flow direction of molten metal.Receive the B phase of three phase mains after being connected as lead-in wire with the indicating of two A phase coils "+" number; Receive the A phase of three phase mains after the lead-in wire of the indicating of two B phase coils "+" number is connected, can realize the change of shifting magnetic field direction.
Embodiment 2:
See Fig. 2, in casting process, the ingot casting that forms is a slab ingot, and the winding mode is for concentrating winding: the zone of slab ingot is divided can be divided into some square or rectangles along long side direction, and Fig. 2 is that example is illustrated the slab ingot cross section is divided into zone 1, zone 2,3 three zones, zone.
Two long limits along ingot casting are provided with the shifting magnetic field generation device of being made up of iron core 1 and coil 3 respectively.Set the mobile direction of molten metal as shown in Figure 3.The coil groups that coiling is made up of three coils 3 on the pairing iron core 1 of each region exterior, the lead-in wire of each coil 3 number is indicated by "+", "-", totally 36 place's wiring points, the coiling direction of coil is as shown in the figure.
The concrete mode of connection is: the lead-in wire that indicates "-" of all coils 3 is connected; After being connected, receives by the lead-in wire of the indicating of six A phase coils "+" number the A phase of three phase mains; After being connected, receives by the lead-in wire of the indicating of six B phase coils "+" number the B phase of three phase mains; After being connected, receives by the lead-in wire of the indicating of six C phase coils "+" number the C phase of three phase mains.
Take the as above mode of connection, after passing to alternating current to coil groups, form three along the ingot casting outer the opposite shifting magnetic field of adjacent two regional moving directions, magnetic direction as shown in Figure 2, three shifting magnetic fields make molten metal produce three in the ingot casting edge part flow direction on the contrary, interface in the ingot casting flow field flows to identical flow field, and this flow field promptly is the flow path that molten metal is provided with.
By changing the mode of connection of coil 3 in each coil groups, can change magnetic direction, can change the flow direction of molten metal.Receive the B phase of three phase mains after being connected as lead-in wire with the indicating of six A phase coils "+" number; Receive the A phase of three phase mains after the lead-in wire of the indicating of six B phase coils "+" number is connected, can realize the change of shifting magnetic field direction.
Reasonably set the zone and the liquation flow direction of ingot casting, the electromagnetic force driving liquation that produces by the shifting magnetic field flows by zone of determining and direction, can reduce the temperature difference in the ingot casting flow field coverage, can reach the purpose that improves ingot quality so that the alloying component in the liquation is more even simultaneously.
Should illustrate that said slab ingot, square ingot or billet are a kind of relatively definition of macroscopic view, slab ingot can have bigger fillet, and billet can comprise oval form etc., and these do not influence enforcement of the present invention.
The winding configuration of coil 3 can be the gram winding, also can adopt forms such as concentrating winding, and these are the routine techniques of electromechanics trade.
Adjust the number of turns of coil in the coil 3, or the size that changes the electric current by coil 3 can adjust the intensity in magnetic field, thereby be adjusted at the electromagnetic push that produces in the liquation, reach the purpose of the flowing velocity of adjusting liquation.Adjust the sense of current of the corresponding coil that feeds coil 3, can adjust the direction in magnetic field, and then adjust the direction that liquation flows.Change the frequency of electric current in the coil 3, can change the coverage of electromagnetic force in ingot casting and the size of electromagnetic push.Power frequency is generally between 0.3Hz-100Hz.
When the shifting magnetic field generation device of being made up of coil 3 and iron core 1 is installed, the needs consideration is connected with the ingot casting crystallizer, if crystallizer has cooling water tank, the shifting magnetic field generation device that is made of iron core 1 and coil 3 can be installed in the crystallizer water tank, because iron core and coil soak in water, need carry out the Insulation Problems of the anticorrosion and coil of iron core, this is that routine techniques solves easily.Described metal is ferrous metal or non-ferrous metals such as steel, iron, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy or copper alloy.
Claims (6)
1. method that the molten metal that drives ot-yet-hardened in the ingot casting flows is characterized in that:
A, at first be divided into zone more than two according to the size of ingot casting (2) cross section and shape, each zone comprises the edge of one section ingot casting outside at least;
B, set the flow path of molten metals in these zones, the path of flowing as liquation in each border in zone; On the adjacent two regional shared borders, the flow direction unanimity of liquation, adjacent two zones, the same edge of ingot casting are near the liquation of ingot casting edge part, and the liquation flow direction is opposite; The centre of one section ingot casting of should flowing through in the flow path of each regional metal liquation;
C, formed or be about in the solidified shell of ingot casting and formed, the ingot casting position that the ingot casting inner melt does not solidify as yet fully, settle by iron core (1) and coil (3) formation shifting magnetic field generation device round the edge of ingot casting outside, the quantity of iron core (1) and coil (3) and concrete structure are determined according to kind, physical dimension and the ingot casting shape of ingot casting; The layout of coil (3) and the mode of connection are determined according to the flow path of setting;
D, feed alternating current for coil (3), make the shifting magnetic field generation device of being made up of iron core (1) and coil (3) produce the shifting magnetic field, the shifting magnetic field makes the molten metal generation mobile; Change sense of current in the coil groups, can change the direction of shifting magnetic field, and then can change the flow direction of molten metal; According to the direction of the mobile path setting shifting magnetic field of the liquation of setting, the liquation that can make the ot-yet-hardened in the ingot casting is by the path flow of setting.
2. the method that the molten metal of ot-yet-hardened flows in the driving ingot casting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described size and shape according to ingot casting (2) cross section is divided into zone more than two, region partitioning method is: billet is divided into the billet center and is the sector region on summit or is two semicircle zones in boundary line with the diameter, billet can be divided into 2n zone, n=1,2,3 The unequal slab ingot of adjacent two edge lengths can be divided into the zone of some square or rectangles along long side direction; If ingot casting is thicker, promptly minor face is bigger, such as surpassing 300mm, also can be divided into two zones at short side direction; Side's ingot then can be according to the size of square ingot, and one side, edge or adjacent both sides are divided, thereby form two or four zones.
3. the method that the molten metal of ot-yet-hardened flows in the driving ingot casting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described installation site by iron core (1) and coil groups (3) formation shifting magnetic field generation device is, outside at ingot casting, solidified shell at ingot casting has formed or has been about to formation, the ingot casting position that the ingot casting inner melt does not solidify as yet fully; This position often near the crystallizer of ingot casting, therefore constitutes the crystallizer outside that the shifting magnetic field generation device also can be installed in ingot casting by iron core (1) and coil (3); If crystallizer has cooling water tank, constitute the water tank the inside that the shifting magnetic field generation device also can be installed in the crystallizer of ingot casting by iron core (1) and coil (3).
4. according to the mobile method of the molten metal of ot-yet-hardened in claim 1, the 2 or 3 described driving ingot castings, the winding configuration that it is characterized in that described coil (3) is the gram winding or adopts forms such as concentrating winding.
5. the method that the molten metal of ot-yet-hardened flows in the driving ingot casting according to claim 4 is characterized in that power frequency is between 0.3Hz～100Hz.
6. the method that the molten metal of ot-yet-hardened flows in the driving ingot casting according to claim 4 is characterized in that described metal is steel, iron, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy or copper alloy ferrous metal or non-ferrous metal.
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| CN104136145A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2014-11-05 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | Electromagnetic stirring apparatus, and continuous casting method |
| CN105458199A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-04-06 | 湖南中科电气股份有限公司 | Square billet split multi-mode electromagnetic stirrer and control method thereof |
| CN105728679A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-07-06 | 湖南中科电气股份有限公司 | Magnetic shielding type multi-mode meniscus electromagnetic stirring system and method for continuous casting of square and round billets |
| CN107695310A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-02-16 | 云南钛业股份有限公司 | A kind of method of electron-beam cold bed furnace casting Fine Grain Ti Alloy billet |
| CN110681836A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-14 | 石家庄爱迪尔电气有限公司 | Electromagnetic multi-cyclone stirring casting device |
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| CN107695310A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-02-16 | 云南钛业股份有限公司 | A kind of method of electron-beam cold bed furnace casting Fine Grain Ti Alloy billet |
| CN107695310B (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2019-05-03 | 云南钛业股份有限公司 | A kind of method of electron-beam cold bed furnace casting Fine Grain Ti Alloy billet |
| CN110681836A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-14 | 石家庄爱迪尔电气有限公司 | Electromagnetic multi-cyclone stirring casting device |
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