CN102099959A - Beam forming device for outdoor antennas and/or roof antennas on vehicles, and associated antenna - Google Patents
Beam forming device for outdoor antennas and/or roof antennas on vehicles, and associated antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN102099959A CN102099959A CN2009801275691A CN200980127569A CN102099959A CN 102099959 A CN102099959 A CN 102099959A CN 2009801275691 A CN2009801275691 A CN 2009801275691A CN 200980127569 A CN200980127569 A CN 200980127569A CN 102099959 A CN102099959 A CN 102099959A
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- Prior art keywords
- beam shaping
- shaping device
- antenna
- face
- parasitism
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
- H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/2682—Time delay steered arrays
Abstract
An improved beam forming device for an outdoor antenna and/or roof antenna is characterized by the following features: the parasitic beam forming device (27) is located at a distance below the top surface or external surface of the electrically non-conductive zone of the vehicle chassis; the parasitic beam forming device (27) is formed, provided, or mounted within the material of the electrically non-conductive zone of the vehicle chassis or on the bottom side or internal side of the electrically non-conductive zone of the vehicle chassis; the parasitic beam forming device (27) is arranged and/or designed in such a way that at least some sections thereof laterally project from and/or are arranged laterally from the antenna mounting zone or section and/or an optionally provided balancing antenna surface (13).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of exterior aerial on the vehicle and/or beam shaping device of top antenna and associated antenna of being used for.
The present invention relates to a kind of beam shaping device, its be used for the motor vehicle of vehicle as described in the preamble as claimed in claim 1-especially-on exterior aerial and/or top antenna, and as the associated antenna as described in the preamble of claim 24.
Background technology
Current motor vehicle generally is equipped with exterior aerial and/or top antenna basically.They generally are used to receive broadcast program.
Much all have antenna assembly and radiant element in the current vehicle-mounted antenna that uses, it for example is used for geostationary location system, i.e. navigation system (GPS-System) and the additional antenna assembly that is used for mobile communication.
Because frequencies different in mobile communication is very important, for example so-called 900MHz frequency band, 1800MHz frequency band, 1900MHz frequency band or for example also have UMTS frequency range (being the frequency range of 1920MHz to 2170MHz) are so the current vehicle-mounted antenna that uses is typically designed to the so-called multiband antenna that can be used for all these frequency ranges.
Glass antenna is a known per se, and it can for example be integrated in the rear window of motor vehicle.Such glass antenna has the printed circuit that is arranged in glass usually simultaneously, and described circuit plays the effect of antenna and can also be used as heating region.
The antenna that can be bonded on the rear window is known too.Radiator is positioned on the outer surface of glass.The lower surface of antenna base (antenna casing) adheres on the outer surface of glass for this reason, directly below antenna base, adhere on the inner surface of glass with same or less size usually with the coefficient part of antenna in it, therefore at antenna base that is positioned at outer surface and the electric corresponding contact-making surface that is positioned at interior surfaces of glass
Between can carry out signal transmission.
In addition, antenna often is installed on the vehicle structure in the ordinary course of things, usually at the motor vehicle roof or rather at its Background Region, promptly often be installed on not far position, rear window front generally speaking.
The characteristics of a new generation's motor vehicle are to have king-sized glass sunroof, and such roof is also sometimes referred to as the panorama roof.They can also have the glass ceiling that can not open except the skylight, i.e. corresponding glass sunroof, and wherein corresponding antenna can be installed on so nonconducting glass sunroof.
For such antenna is installed corresponding installation region or section are set on glass sunroof, adopt the counterweight face usually
Form, described counterweight face size is suitable and can conduct electricity, prepackage is assigned on the panorama roof or glass sunroof (or rear window) of motor vehicle, is used to generate corresponding antenna radiation pattern.
Summary of the invention
Task of the present invention is, improves this antenna system, promptly be used for the motor vehicle of vehicle-especially-on exterior aerial and/or top antenna, utilize described antenna can improve beam shaping.
Described task feature according to explanation in the claim 1 aspect beam shaping device according to the present invention solves, and the feature according to explanation in the claim 24 aspect corresponding vehicle-mounted antenna solves.Useful execution mode of the present invention illustrates in the dependent claims.
By the present invention, the motor vehicle of vehicle-especially-on exterior aerial and/or the efficient and the simple method of effect utilization of top antenna improved significantly.
The present invention mainly can be used in nonconducting outer skin of motor vehicle in addition.The particularly important is glass sunroof here, described roof is because its big size also is known as the panorama roof sometimes.The present invention can also be used for equally the motor vehicle of vehicle-especially-on other glass, or even in the covering of vehicle, described covering for example is made of plastics and the non electrically conductive material opposite with the vehicle body steel plate.
By the present invention suggestion and a kind of additional beam shaping device is provided, be used to be implemented in the beam shaping aspect and thus in the reception of antenna with send tangible improvement aspect the attribute.
The present invention's supposition, common nonconducting part place at skin, promptly especially in nonconducting motor vehicle roof or automobile glass and this type of, antenna mounting region or section (Abschnitt) are set, generally adopt the form of the counterweight face of the enough big conduction of size.
In order to realize improvement to antenna property, can be provided with once the side in manufacturer, promptly below antenna mounting region or section, promptly mainly under the counterweight face of corresponding conduction in the material of motor vehicle covering or below it (promptly especially in the material in glass sunroof or below glass sunroof) replenish the parasitism that conduction is set
The beam shaping device.
Described extraneous wave beam shaping device has such size and/or position, make it not by antenna mounting region or part, perhaps do not shielded at least by the base of corresponding vehicle-mounted antenna to be installed, the zone that is to say extraneous wave beam shaping device exceeds the base of antenna assembly to be installed or the counterweight face of described conduction at least in part, and this counterweight face is bigger four times than the bottom surface of the base of antenna assembly to be installed usually.
There is not electric current ground to connect in addition between the counterweight face of the base of Dao Dian extraneous wave beam shaping device and antenna assembly or conduction.
Special within the scope of the invention usefulness is, moulding (moulding when being the extraneous wave beam shaping device of top plan view) can be asymmetric with reference to antenna mounting region or section (with reference to the position of vehicle-mounted antenna to be installed and/or the orientation of antenna), and the asymmetrical design by extraneous wave beam shaping device can access the improvement that relates to antenna radiation pattern just.
When antenna being set being used to receive the circular polarization electromagnetic wave, this can be particularly advantageous, for example described antenna is used to receive gps signal on the one hand or is used to receive so-called SDARS signal on the other hand, promptly is used to receive by satellite auxiliary information and/or radar system.The SDARS system for example relate to the U.S. common by the auxiliary digital radio service system of satellite.
Described within the scope of the invention extraneous wave beam shaping device can differently be constructed.It can comprise the lattice structure with " hole lattice attribute (Lochgitter-Eigenschaften) ", for example therefore a plurality of conductors that are parallel to each other can be set mutually in one or more devices that reverse, thus first, second and possibly parallel lattice structure such as C grade be provided with overlapping and crossingly, described lattice structure its interface place electric current interconnect.
Just the lattice structure that is made of the conduction line segment that is parallel to each other also is possible, and what constitute thus is not " hole lattice ", but " grid (Streifengitter) ".Sometimes still can mention a parasitic radiator plane or a plurality of parasitic radiator plane in this case at all, because can describe best according to extraneous wave beam shaping device of the present invention by this notion.
As an alternative or supplement, lattice structure also can be by a large amount of some faces or disc (dots) or similar " conduction isolated island (leitenden Inseln) " formation that forms, and they are arranged side by side and form thus the structure of point-like or island.Circle can be differently selected and not necessarily is forced in the moulding of each current-carrying part (dots).Oval, have the symmetrical structure of round, protruding, recessed sideline and straight boundary member or the like, for example little square or rectangle, hexagon or the like all are possible, do not have restriction in this scope.
Described extraneous wave beam shaping device might not change or be embodied as lattice structure forcibly.The parasitic radiator face can also be the form (gap that for example all right therein integrated each size would rather be bigger) of the face of sealing, promptly has the conductive capability of raising.This so-called " face of sealing " for example can be the form of nonconducting vehicle structure-be preferably glass or panorama glass-on the evaporation of metal coating (Metallbedampfung) on plane, can be spraying with the film of metal or also can be conduction silk screen printing face or and so on.Also hybrid system can be set in addition, it comprises the face of lattice structure and corresponding larger-size sealing, and the mask of described sealing has the conductive capability of raising.
Final certification is useful and enough like this, if promptly extraneous wave beam shaping device is according to the type of described parasitic radiator face or look like this according to parasitic radiator and determine, make it have the scope of the maximum around antenna, described scope for example is not more than 40cm.It also is enough that less under many circumstances size is demarcated, and therefore in the antenna peripheral region parasitic radiation device is set, and described peripheral region is not more than 35cm, 30cm, 24cm or 20cm.
Described parasitic radiator preferably in manufacturer once the inside of plastic material, side, in particular, for example together making for the inside of the specific glass of the glass sunroof of vehicle or rear window.The structure of the lattice-shaped of this parasitic radiator form also can be configured in the inboard of glass and preferably together be made in process of production.It is normally undesirable why to be installed to outer surface, be because here not can with the base generation electric current of the counterweight face that finally is arranged on the there and/or the conduction of antenna to be installed contact.
Such as described, as can especially to fix up an aerial wire counterweight face that at first is provided with on glass.Extraneous wave beam shaping device centers on the counterweight face extension of described conduction and can together be arranged at below the counterweight face in addition.Described counterweight face can also be positioned at the recess of the electrically non-conductive material of body structure, especially is positioned at the recess of glass sunroof.The upper surface of counterweight face and glass sunroof can be positioned at sustained height like this, promptly flushes.The antenna stube cable will not pass glass in this case, can directly lead to antenna by counterweight face and the recess of introducing in it because lead to one or more stube cable of antenna.The beam shaping device is positioned at the bottom or the next door of counterweight face upper surface in this case.Therefore can finish technical easy realization and meet very much aesthetic scheme, wherein mainly be that the upper surface of glass surface and counterweight face can flush ground or intimate flushing mutually.
Description of drawings
The invention will be described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Wherein:
The side schematic view of Fig. 1 motor vehicle;
The partial view of the inclination of Fig. 2 motor vehicle roof and relevant rear window;
The vertical view of the motor vehicle roof of Fig. 3 panorama roof form, described roof have the relative travel direction counterweight face backward that is used to install vehicle-mounted antenna;
Fig. 4 is according to the vertical view of the motor vehicle roof of the panorama roof form of Fig. 3, and described roof has the additional beam shaping device that is provided with according to the present invention;
The partial schematic diagram of the cross section in Fig. 4 a to 4c automobile glass skylight, it has integrated according to extraneous wave beam shaping device of the present invention;
The similar diagrammatic sketch of Fig. 5 and Fig. 4, however the different moulding that is used for the beam shaping device had;
The embodiment that Fig. 6 revises once more has the beam shaping device of the asymmetric setting of relative antenna assembly;
The embodiment that Fig. 7 revises once more, wherein extraneous wave beam shaping device is made up of a plurality of parasitic radiator parts plane;
Four of Fig. 8 a to 8d are used for the vertical view of different examples of the lattice structure of extraneous wave beam shaping device;
The embodiment that Fig. 9 revises once more can be made up of different lattice structures by top view illustration parasitic radiator part plane;
Figure 10 is according to the cross sectional representation that is positioned at the extraneous wave beam shaping device of glass and is positioned at counterweight face on glass of the present invention;
The similar cross sectional representation of Figure 11 and Figure 10 has deleted independent counterweight face then, therefore the antenna base oneself of conduction is only arranged as the counterweight face;
Figure 12 is according to another embodiment that shows in vertical cross-section of Figure 10 and 11, and wherein the counterweight face of antenna is installed in the recess of glass sunroof; And
The vertical view that Figure 13 is embodiment illustrated in fig. 12.
Embodiment
In Fig. 1, shown vehicle 1, it is the side schematic view of motor vehicle 1 ', it has common vehicle structure 3, described structure 3 major parts are made up of steel plate or other metal, promptly by body portion 3 ' and nonconducting body portion 3 of conduction "-form of glass 5-form especially; if glass is installed in car roof area, be also called glass sunroof or panorama roof 5a.Further glass is set to front screen 5b, side window glass 5c and rear window 5d.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 2 as seen, for example motor vehicle roof 9 is covered by large-sized glass or panorama glass 5.Fore top of car can for example utilize the sliding top skylight of energy switch to cover, and is opposite in the zone at rear portion, for example separates by roof cross beam 11, and fixing roof glass and/or glass 5a are set.
Background Region at fixing roof glass 5a, to near the outer surface of the roof 9 that constitutes by glass (being electrically non-conductive material) transitional region of rear window 5d, installing and fixing counterweight face 13, as antenna mounting region or antenna section 15 by the metal of electric conducting material-especially-constitute.
By as can be known according to the vertical view of the amplification of Fig. 3, for example Dao Dian counterweight face is set to antenna mounting region and/or section 15, this counterweight face is so installed on roof 9, makes it with respect to vertical middle the symmetrical plane 17 that stretches through the center of vehicle 1 in the vertical and placed in the middle symmetrical.Be installed in exterior aerial and/or top antenna 19 same so installations on antenna mounting region and/or the section 15, make it be symmetrical in above-mentioned vertical and middle symmetrical plane 17 that vertically pass through vehicle 1 equally.
Also only show to n-lustrative among Fig. 3 in addition, in cover antenna 19 and the antenna casing inside just slightly carried sometimes in the accompanying drawings, allow electromagnetic beam to pass through for example a plurality of antenna radiator 19a can be set, for example gps antenna, SDARS antenna and other for example on the circuit board of a vertical projections with the mobile wireless antenna of the formal construction of the face of conduction, this mobile wireless antenna may can also be applicable to a plurality of frequency bands.These antenna type just exemplarily proposes.Other antenna direction or antenna type can be used arbitrarily.
As shown in Figure 3, there counterweight face 13 may and the vehicle body 3,3 ' of conduction between be not installed in contiguously on the glass sunroof 5,5a of insulation.Fig. 2 has illustrated, the counterweight face can also so be placed in its moulding with in installing, make described counterweight face self by the vehicle body 3 ' of conduction cover and/or connect with described vehicle body electric current ground or even the counterweight face itself be the part of vehicle body steel plate and on the direction of glass sunroof, give prominence to.
In order to improve beam shaping and to improve antenna power thus together, parasitic radiation apparatus 27 arranged according to the present invention is so that help to improve reception and as might improve the transmission attribute.
This extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 (it is also sometimes referred to as parasitic radiator face or parasitic radiator face group) that is also sometimes referred to as parasitic radiator hereinafter be set up exterior aerial and top antenna 19 below, promptly even below counterweight face 13.The face of that described in addition counterweight face 13 is constructed to seal usually, conduction especially is constructed to the form of metallic plate.The counterweight face can also be connected with the direct electric current of vehicle body ground.Yet can also make amendment here, promptly the counterweight face might preferably be configured to the fine and closely woven grid of mesh, makes it play a role as far as possible effectively than counterweight face 13.
By as can be known according to the vertical view of Fig. 4, the position of parasitic radiation apparatus or beam shaping device 27 and/or its size are so arranged or tolerance, make it and in particular not by exterior aerial or top antenna 19, relevant antenna casing 19a or the antenna domain 19b that belongs to antenna casing 19a cover, but exceeded counterweight face 13 or antenna casing 19a and antenna domain 19b significantly, promptly under the situation of sight glass 5 laterally or vertically.
By learning to the cross sectional representation of 4c according to Fig. 4 a, extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 is not arranged on glass 5-promptly especially on the upper surface or outer surface 5 ' of roof glass or panorama glass 5a-, and is arranged on the inside of the glass 5 that is configured to have definite thickness 29.
Show that in embodiment glass 5,5a have for example thermal insulation layer and/or ultraviolet reflecting layer usually and/or be used to construct the plastic interlayer of safety glass in inside according to Fig. 4.These single or multiple lifts Fig. 4 a in the 4c just n-lustrative ground show and be marked as 31.These possible layers all are designated as intermediate layer 31 by the brief summary terrestrial reference.
In brief cross sectional view, demonstrate according to the glass 5 shown in Fig. 4 a, be arranged at the inside of the material of glass 5 according to parasitic radiation apparatus of the present invention or beam shaping device 27 plane earths, promptly in the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 a, be positioned at least one 31 below, intermediate layer, preferably directly adjacent with intermediate layer 31.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 b, this one deck is arranged at 31 tops, intermediate layer in the mode of parasitic radiation apparatus 27.The layer that the intermediate layer 31 of at least one and parasitic radiation apparatus or beam shaping device 27 form does not need among the embodiment as shown in Figs. 4a and 4b like that plane earth contact, but intermediate layer that can also be by absorbing other or glass material layer and setting with interval each other.
Embodiment shown in Fig. 4 c demonstrates, and extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 can also be arranged on the lower surface or the inner surface 5 of glass 5 " locate.
Preferably, the parasitic radiation apparatus on plane or beam shaping device 27 are not arranged on upper surface or outer surface 5 ' is located, when if the there also is not provided with additional so-called " overburden pressure (Abdeckdruck) " on the outer surface of glass at least, not with the parasitic radiation apparatus on plane or beam shaping device 27 is arranged on upper surface or outer surface 5 ' is located, the common ground of described glass can be formed by a large amount of plastics or gluey fritter or dot structure.
The exterior contour 27a of parasitic radiator face 27 must be not consistent or similar with the moulding or the exterior contour of counterweight face 13, but can be with it different, for example shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 like that.
Learn in conjunction with Fig. 5, parasitic radiator face 27 for example can also be being shaped as of counterweight face 13 still has rectangle for example or oval moulding-as shown in Figure 6 under the oval or semi-moon shaped situation, perhaps approximate at least this shape, the part of so also partly corresponding this possible moulding.
In the embodiment shown, parasitic radiation apparatus or beam shaping device 27 can also design below counterweight face 13.Described extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 preferably is constructed to lattice-shaped, will discuss further it after a while.Extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 should mainly be arranged on counterweight face adjacent areas or subregion in, so that form the radiator assemblies 27 of the parasitic excitation of outstanding counterweight face 13 at least in part thus, this radiator assemblies 27 is made of electric conducting material or comprises electric conducting material.
Do not rely on its specific moulding, extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 preferably is so arranged, and makes the scope of its maximum around antenna 19 preferably be no more than 40cm.In other words, extraneous wave beam shaping device should be designed in around the antenna 19 in the distance of 40cm farthest or be positioned at the subregion of this scope.It is littler that this maximum spacing of extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 and antenna 19 can also be provided with ground under many circumstances.The scope of extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 maximums of counting from antenna 19 be lower than under many circumstances 35cm, 30cm and in particular, be lower than 25cm or 24cm.The extension that is less than the minimum of 20cm or 16cm under many circumstances remains enough.
Preferably, parasitic radiation apparatus 27-be so-called parasitic radiator face-the extension on more or less plane so selected, make this extension match well at least heavy 13 big by 20%, preferably more than 30%, 40%, 50% and under individual cases even more than 60% or even 70% or 80%.Because the counterweight face may be especially little, under extreme case even just the base 19b by the conduction of antenna 19 constitutes, cause thus, parasitic radiation apparatus or beam shaping device perhaps percent hundreds of greater than the counterweight face that so constitutes.
Shown that now what mainly the asymmetric execution mode by described extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 also can improve exterior aerial in the vehicle 1 and/or top antenna 19 electric accept attribute and as possibly send attribute.
As shown in Figure 6, vertical view with lattice structure is that oval-shaped extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 is provided with respect to counterweight face 13 asymmetricly because for example extraneous wave beam shaping device 27-by depart from the vertical symmetrical plane 17 on the longitudinal direction of car (if rear window 5d is adjacent in the left side of roof in Fig. 6)-to the right half of extension of vehicle much larger than half of left extension.
The ellipsoidal structure of extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 probably with the direction R orientation of right front, promptly probably is partial to travel direction by its right-hand member a little in addition, as according to shown in the arrow among Fig. 6 like that.Therefore although have this asymmetric shape and/or device and/or direction and orientation, still can improve the reception of signal of reception, the especially circular polarization of SDARS for example or gps signal.
Pass through this asymmetric structure of extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 in addition, with respect to the device in the middle of being positioned at of exterior aerial or top antenna and/or with respect to counterweight face 13 about vehicle longitudinal axis symmetrical structure, can realize improvement according to type of vehicle.In other words-optimization of dissymmetrical structure that depends on different motor vehicle-can realize parasitic radiation apparatus 27 is adaptive.
Because the glass manufacturer of different motor vehicle types just was necessary for the glass that relevant motor vehicle type is fabricated to its special customization originally, so a kind of possibility is provided, promptly one side of manufacturer with extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 for the motor vehicle type of determining and the moulding and the position of definite optimum embed simultaneously, make when in antenna mounting region and/or section 15, corresponding exterior aerial or top antenna being installed, can obtain optimum beam shaping.
Should further specify, for example the lattice-shaped structure of extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 might not be the face of sealing, as shown in Figure 4.Because be provided with the gap of rectangle in the zone of extraneous wave beam shaping device 27, described extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 is constructed to the form of the lattice structure on plane in the present embodiment.
Fig. 7 has shown, extraneous wave beam shaping device, and promptly parasitic radiator face 27 can have complete asymmetric structure and can be interconnected or even divided the sub-face 127 of each parasitic radiator be arranged to constitute by a plurality of in addition.In according to the embodiment of Fig. 7, be provided with five sub-faces 127 of separated parasitic radiator altogether, describe the sub-device 127 of so-called extraneous wave beam shaping.
Next the diagram to 8d according to Fig. 8 a is discussed, has wherein just exemplarily been shown the possibility of the lattice structure of parasitic radiator system 27.
According to Fig. 8 a is the extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 that has constituted the plane with lattice structure 227 among the embodiment, described lattice structure comprises three kinds of wire grid (Liniengitter) 227a, 227b, 227c, this wire grid is made of the conductor wire that is arranged in parallel in a large number (lead) respectively, and wherein three kinds of line structure 227a, 227b, 227c are provided with 120 ° of mutual dislocation ground overlap joints respectively.
Can realize triangle and hexagonal pore structure with hole/gap thus, the preferred maximum gauge in the corresponding gap 327 of wherein said pore structure should not surpass 15mm or 20mm.In other words, the size in optimum hole at 0.5mm between the 10mm, in particular, 0.5mm between the 5mm and preferably at 0.5mm between the 2mm.Under this external extreme case, lower limit even can be lower than 0.5mm, i.e. following 0.4mm, 0.3mm, the 0.25mm or lower of being limited to of the size in hole.In other words, so select lattice structure, make hole, gap or spacing 327 between each spacing of lattice structure 227 less than 10mm, in particular, less than 8mm, less than 5mm and preferably less than 2mm.On the other hand, hole, gap or spacing are at least 0.2mm or bigger, in particular, and greater than 0.5mm, greater than 1mm or even greater than 1.5mm.
Used the lattice structure 227 of rectangle according to the embodiment shown in Fig. 8 b, thereby two lattice structure 227a in the lead of arranging that wherein is parallel to each other in a large number and 227b are provided with and overlap the structure that has formed conduction on the whole by half-twist mutually.
Equally here the gravel size decision ground in hole 327 meets aforesaid situation.
Used pure wire grid 227a in the embodiment shown in Fig. 8 c, wherein preferably, the distance between centers of tracks 327 between the conductor wire should satisfy the aforementioned size that is used for pore structure equally.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 8 d, advised a kind of lattice structure 227 of dot structure 227c form.So-called some 227d can be made of the face of disc, ellipsoid or other arbitrary shapes of conduction, and for example vertical view is square structure, general n limit shape or has the structure of the arbitrary shape of recessed, protruding, circle, crooked and/or straight peripheral surface part.Embodiment according to Fig. 8 d is similar to the embodiment according to Fig. 7, is provided with the sub-face 127 of parasitic radiator under discussion because the there also is an extraneous wave beam shaping device 127.Little conducting surfaces a large amount of in any case in according to the embodiment of Fig. 8 d can both be less than it at the embodiment according to Fig. 7, and wherein employed planar elements 227d can be provided with larger amt.
Here arrange and size design also should be such, promptly between the point of each conduction or island 227d, form spacing, the above-mentioned size range of mentioning of this spacing-if possible-be positioned at.
The described parasitic radiation apparatus 27 that is called as parasitic radiator face or parasitic radiation apparatus sometimes must only not be made of a lattice structure or comprise a lattice structure, must not be the form of a plurality of lattice structures 127 yet.On the contrary within the scope of the invention, extraneous wave beam shaping device can also be constituted or be comprised the face of the sealing of conduction by the face of the sealing of conducting electricity.The face of the conduction of the sealing face of the conductive capability that improves (or have at least) can for example be configured to the evaporation of metal coating (for example be plated on the inner surface 5 of glass 5,5a " on) on plane form, utilize spraying with the form of the film of metal or for example also can be the form of silk screen printing face; perhaps comprise above-mentioned form, described form has the conductive capability of desirable raising by using suitable material.
Equally in this case, ultimate range between the position part farthest of the parasitic radiation apparatus of antenna 19 and structure like this preferably should not surpass 40cm, wherein here, mentioned above will minimized ultimate range also still be enough relatively still therewith usually.
Hereinafter will be with reference to embodiment shown in Figure 9, wherein demonstrate, extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 can be made of (therefore whole beam shaping device 27 is divided into the sub-device 127 of a plurality of beam shapings) equally sub-face of parasitic radiator or the sub-device 127 of described beam shaping, the sub-face 127 of each parasitic radiator wherein, be that the sub-device 127 of each extraneous wave beam shaping has different lattice structures, described lattice structure has different lattice structure orientations, different moulding, wherein gridline vertically intersects with the gridline that departs from it, wherein gridline is partly arranged dispersedly, if might be also with the spacing that changes each other along arrangement of curves or the like.Equally up to the present without limits.In addition the sub-face 127 of parasitic radiator can also interconnect each other or the group of sub-face between interconnect other no longer interconnection.Equally here there is not restriction yet.In the present embodiment several or all the sub-face 127 of beam shaping (be several or all the sub-face 127 of radiator) can constitute or comprise the face of this sealing by the face of the above-mentioned sealing of conductive capability with raising.
As drawing from schematic diagram, parasitic radiation apparatus 27 preferably is set up with the preferably outstanding counterweight face 13 of lattice structure 127 of plane earth setting.In addition the parasitic radiation apparatus can also be replenished be arranged on below the counterweight face 12-that yes is not too important for this.The moulding of extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 and position can so be constructed in addition, make to finish in the automobile body part office of conduction before the body portion of conduction or at the latest at this device 27 of vertical view.Incoherent therewith, extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 all right structures like this make that following engagement especially is positioned at the body portion of this conduction of vehicle interior with body portion maintenance certain spacing of conduction for it.Certain capacitive coupling between the vehicle body steel plate that can realize and conduct electricity thus.
Last referring to the cross sectional representation shown in Figure 10 and 11.
In embodiment according to Figure 10, in the cross section of the glass 5 of the car roof area 9 of for example motor vehicle, shown antenna assembly 9, wherein in the cross section, described to diagram glass 5 on the one hand, and have and be arranged in the inner extraneous wave beam shaping device of representing with lines in the cross section 27, this device 27 can be constructed to the form of the form of face of different lattice structures or sealing (no grid) and sub-face or interconnective according to described embodiment.
On glass 5, described counterweight face 13 promptly is set on glass surperficial 5 ', (for example by pasting or the like) on glass together be made and be installed in to described counterweight face can by glass 5 (for example panorama glass) manufacturer in manufacturer once the side.
On described counterweight face 13 antenna 19 is set then, it has antenna casing 19a, and the domain 19b that conducts electricity below this shell is fixed on the counterweight face 13 of conduction.On this base 19b, described one or more single antenna 21 can be set, for example with form of gps antenna, SDARS antenna, mobile wireless antenna or the like, wherein for example in distortion, paster antenna 21 ' and unipole antenna 21 have been indicated " according to Figure 10.Coaxial in addition antennal interface cable 65 passes glass 5 and contacts with antenna base 19b by its shell.This antenna base 19b shows as antenna 19 together with counterweight face 13, i.e. the ground connection reference of radiator 21.
Abandoned using independent counterweight face 13 among the embodiment according to Figure 11.In other words, here the base 19b of conduction directly is installed on the upper surface 5 ' of glass 5.In this case, the base 19b of antenna 19 self plays the effect of counterweight face 13.Coaxial cable 65 contacts with antenna base 19b by its shell herein equally, and this base is separately as the ground connection reference of antenna 19 now.The same parasitic radiator face 27 of in according to the cross section of Figure 11, having indicated once more, i.e. extraneous wave beam shaping device 27, this device 27 also partly extends to below the base 19, and particularly when vertical transparency 5, described device 27 is given prominence to thereon out and away.
In observation to its structural level, the structure of extraneous wave beam shaping device 27 has thickness, this thickness only accounts for the sub-fraction of thickness of glass, usually less than nonconducting body structure-especially with the form of glass 5-material thickness 50%, especially less than 25%, even less than 20%, 15%, 10% and especially less than 5%.Parasitic radiation apparatus 27 can also be used for other lighttight material in principle, as long as this material is non-conductive, i.e. and the plastic body cover of vehicle for example.
Next another embodiment according to the modification of Figure 12 and 13 is discussed.
Be according to the embodiment of Figure 12 and 13 with according to the difference of the embodiment of Figure 10 and 11, counterweight face 13 is not to be positioned at glass sunroof 5,5a-promptly in general by electrically non-conductive material 3 in according to the embodiment of Figure 12 and 13 " above the vehicle structure 3-that constitutes or top; but be arranged in gap 71, this gap is arranged at the position at counterweight face 71 places among glass sunroof 5, the 5a.Such benefit is, the upper surface 5 ' of the upper surface 113 of counterweight face 13 and glass or glass sunroof 5,5a is positioned at identical level height, promptly is on the identical or approximately uniform plane, therefore preferably flushes with their transition 115.In this case, antenna cable 65 form of at least one coaxial cable or a plurality of cable or coaxial cable (preferably with) must not pass glass 5,5a, therefore corresponding gateway or hole need be set in glass 5.Beam shaping device 27 is positioned at the bottom or the next door of counterweight face upper surface in the present embodiment.
In particular, counterweight face 13 can be the part of the vehicle structure of conduction vehicle body 3,3 ' form in the present embodiment.The same in the present embodiment all right vehicle structure 3 with conduction of counterweight face 13 separates, yet by electric lead connection or other jockey and connection of its electric current ground or coupling inductively.
Between the glass 5 of upper surface flush and counterweight face 13, suitable sealing device is set.
The present invention has introduced extraneous wave beam shaping device, and this device is also sometimes referred to as parasitic radiation apparatus or parasitic radiator face.As long as refer to " plane " structure, be exactly to instruct the structure of electricity and the especially structure on plane, the structure of the conduction that this structure also can be separated by mutual electric current ground constitutes, as in particular, such in conjunction with according to shown in the embodiment of Fig. 7 and 9.Same in the embodiment according to Fig. 8 c, wire grid can be by there not being lead 227 that electric current ground is connected or interconnection to constitute each other.In electrical structure according to Fig. 8 d, the face 227d of each conduction each other normally electric current ground separate.
Be arranged in the plane, this plane must not be smooth so-called " plane " structure optimization, but the bending in space.The curvature on the structural plane of described conduction or plane has slight curvature usually at least in addition, and this curvature meets the curvature of corresponding glass surface on the motor vehicle.Because be used for the beam shaping device conduction structure optimization be configured in the middle part, promptly be positioned at glass inside layer or be configured in the layer that is positioned on the interior surfaces of glass, in structural plan that relates to or structural plane, determine corresponding curvature changing by glass.This is equally applicable to all other nonconducting vehicle bodies that for example are made of plastics etc., on plastics or structural plane or the structural plan that is used for the conduction of beam shaping device according to of the present invention wherein be set.
Claims (27)
1. one kind is used for the exterior aerial on vehicle, the especially motor vehicle and/or the beam shaping device of top antenna, has following feature:
-(3 ") are provided with antenna mounting region or section (15) in the nonconducting zone of body structure (3), and described nonconducting zone (3 ") are the zone of glass form especially,
-described antenna mounting region or section (15) preferably include the counterweight face (13) that the nonconducting zone of body structure (3) (3 ") is located that is arranged on,
-described beam shaping device (27) is constructed to parasitic beam shaping device (27),
The beam shaping device (27) of-described parasitism be configured at certain intervals the upper surface in the nonconducting zone of body structure (3) (3 ") or outer surface (5 ') below,
The beam shaping device (27) of-described parasitism is configured, is provided with or be installed in the material in the nonconducting zone of body structure (3) (3 ") or the lower surface of the nonconducting zone of body structure (3) (3 ") or inner surface (5 ") are located,
The beam shaping device (27) of-described parasitism is arranged and/or is constructed so that the beam shaping device (27) of described parasitism exceeds described antenna mounting region or section (15) and/or may be provided with at least in part in the side counterweight face in vertical view, and/or the beam shaping device (27) of the described parasitism counterweight side that is at least partially disposed on described antenna mounting region or section (15) and/or may be provided with in vertical view.
2. beam shaping device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the beam shaping device (27) of described parasitism asymmetricly is provided with and/or constructs with respect to the vertical plane of symmetry (17), and the described plane of symmetry (17) is along the vehicle longitudinal extension of (1,1 ').
3. beam shaping device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the beam shaping device (27) of described parasitism is provided with symmetrically and/or constructs with respect to the vertical plane of symmetry (17), and the described plane of symmetry (17) is along the vehicle longitudinal extension of (1,1 ').
4. as each described beam shaping device in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that the beam shaping device (27) of described parasitism has different moulding and/or size according to the difference of vehicle.
5. as each described beam shaping device in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that the lattice structure (227) that the beam shaping device (27) of described parasitism is extended by plane earth basically constitutes or comprises this lattice structure (227).
6. beam shaping device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described lattice structure (227) is made of at least two parallel grid (227a, 227b, 227c), described parallel grid is set up with cross one another orientation, and the preferred conduction of wherein said grid (227a, 227b, 227c) and especially described parallel grid (227a, 227b, 227c) is connected to the crosspoint.
7. beam shaping device as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described lattice structure (227) is made of the wire grid (227a) of conduction.
8. beam shaping device as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described lattice structure (227) is made of a grid (227c) or comprises this grid (227c).
9. as each described beam shaping device in the claim 5 to 8, it is characterized in that, described lattice structure (227) is constructed to make hole, gap or the spacing (327) that form thus between the various piece of described lattice structure (227) less than 10mm, especially less than 8mm, less than 5mm, and preferably less than 2mm.
10. as each described beam shaping device in the claim 5 to 9, it is characterized in that, described lattice structure (227) is formed the hole that makes between each grid cell of conduction or spacing (327) greater than 0.2mm, especially greater than 0.5mm, greater than 1mm and be preferably greater than 1.5mm.
11. as each described beam shaping device in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, the beam shaping device (27) of described parasitism is made of the face of the face of the sealing of the conductive capability with raising or sealing basically, especially adopt following form: the evaporation of metal coating on plane, metallic film or spraying are with film, the silk screen printing face of conduction and the similar type of metal.
12. as each described beam shaping device in the claim 1 to 11, it is characterized in that the beam shaping device (27) of described parasitism is made of sub-face of a plurality of parasitic radiator or the sub-device of beam shaping (127) or comprises sub-face of described a plurality of parasitic radiator or the sub-device of beam shaping (127).
13. beam shaping device as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that the beam shaping device of described parasitism (127,227d) has or comprises to the sub-device of extraneous wave beam shaping (127) of the radiating surface portion-form of the radiating surface of the sealing of different lattice structure of small part and/or the conductive capability that at least one has raising or sealing.
14., it is characterized in that the beam shaping device (127) of described parasitism does not have electric current to connect each other as claim 12 or 13 described beam shaping devices.
15., it is characterized in that that at least one parasitic beam shaping device (27) comprises is additional, compare bigger independent gap (61) with set lattice structure (227) as each described beam shaping device in claim 1 or 14.
16., it is characterized in that at least one parasitic beam shaping device (27) has n limit shape profile and/or protruding and recessed silhouette edge boundary line as each described beam shaping device in claim 1 or 15.
17., it is characterized in that the nonconducting zone of described body structure (3) (3 ") are made of glass (5) as each described beam shaping device in claim 1 or 16, described glass (5) is glass sunroof (5) or rear window (5d) form preferably.
18. as each described beam shaping device in claim 1 or 17, it is characterized in that, counterweight face (13) is set, described counterweight face (13) also comprises described antenna mounting region or section (15), and wherein said counterweight face (13) is arranged on the outer surface (5 ') in the nonconducting zone of described body structure (3) that is preferably glass (5,5a) form (3 ").
19. beam shaping device as claimed in claim 18, it is characterized in that the next door that the beam shaping device (27) of described parasitism extends to zone following of described counterweight face (13) or at the transitional region place or relatively this transitional region side begins with staggering and be set at described counterweight face (13).
20. as each described beam shaping device in the claim 1 to 17, it is characterized in that, described counterweight face (13) is set in the recess (71) of body structure (3) non electrically conductive material that is preferably glass (5,5a) form (3 "); make the upper surface (113) of described counterweight face (13) and the upper surface (5 ') that is preferably the described non electrically conductive material (3 ") of glass (5,5a) form adjoin each other, the beam shaping device (27) of wherein said parasitism begins at the periphery place of counterweight face (13) or with counterweight face (13) side with staggering with flushing.
21. as each described beam shaping device in the claim 1 to 20, it is characterized in that, the thickness that the beam shaping device (27) of described parasitism has is less than 50% of the material thickness of the nonconducting zone of body structure (3) (3 "); especially less than 25%, less than 20%, 15%, 10% and especially less than 5%.
22. as each described beam shaping device in the claim 1 to 21, it is characterized in that, the beam shaping device (27) of described parasitism is embedded in body structure (3) non electrically conductive material (3 ") one side of manufacturer, and is preferably contiguous or spaced apart with the intermediate layer (31) that is arranged in the described non electrically conductive material (3 ").
23. as each described beam shaping device in the claim 1 to 22, it is characterized in that, the beam shaping device (27) of described antenna mounting region or section (15) or its center and described parasitism farthest the part between distance be 40cm, preferably less than 35cm, less than 30cm and especially less than 24cm.
24. one kind is mounted the upper surface that maybe can be installed on the nonconducting part of body structure (3) (3 ") or the vehicle antenna of outer surface (5 '); vehicle-mounted antenna especially; it is characterized in that; exterior aerial or top antenna are mounted and maybe can be installed on the nonconducting part of body structure (3) (3 "), and the nonconducting part of described body structure (3) comprises the beam shaping device (27) as the described parasitism of one of claim 1 to 23.
25. vehicle antenna as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that, described antenna is positioned on the counterweight face (13), and described counterweight face (13) is set at as above the beam shaping device (27) of the described parasitism of one of claim 1 to 23.
26., it is characterized in that described counterweight face (13) is formed by the base (19a) of exterior aerial and/or top antenna (19) as claim 24 or 25 described vehicle antennas.
27. as each described vehicle antenna in the claim 24 to 26, it is characterized in that, maximum distance between the beam shaping device (27) of exterior aerial and/or top antenna (19) and described parasitism is 40cm, preferably less than 35cm, less than 30cm and especially less than 24cm.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200810039125 DE102008039125A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 | 2008-08-21 | Beam shaping device for exterior and / or roof antennas on vehicles and associated antenna |
| DE102008039125.5 | 2008-08-21 | ||
| PCT/EP2009/005359 WO2010020327A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 | 2009-07-23 | Beam forming device for outdoor antennas and/or roof antennas on vehicles, and associated antenna |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102099959A true CN102099959A (en) | 2011-06-15 |
Family
ID=41203935
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009801275691A Pending CN102099959A (en) | 2008-08-21 | 2009-07-23 | Beam forming device for outdoor antennas and/or roof antennas on vehicles, and associated antenna |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2281323A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2012500544A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102099959A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102008039125A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010020327A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109818154A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-28 | 福特全球技术公司 | Motor vehicles with glass roof and with the aerial array being placed on glass roof |
| CN109891671A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2019-06-14 | 三星电子株式会社 | Beam formed antenna component including metal structure |
| CN110741505A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2020-01-31 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Antenna device |
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| DE102010044097B4 (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-12-27 | Siemens Ag Österreich | Toll collection device |
| DE102011100865A1 (en) * | 2011-05-07 | 2012-11-08 | Volkswagen Ag | Motor vehicle with transparent roof and transmitting antenna |
| DE102012010692A1 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2013-01-31 | Daimler Ag | Vehicle, has antenna arranged on or in upper region that is provided adjacent to vehicle pane, and electrically conductive region arranged on or in pane and forming counter weight of antenna and/or electrical ground for antenna amplifier |
| DE102012010694A1 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-11-08 | Daimler Ag | Antenna arrangement for vehicle, has electrically-conducting area forming counter weight for antenna and/or electrical mass for antenna amplifier, where area and antenna are arranged on or in vehicle pane |
| DE102012111571A1 (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-06-05 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Arrangement, used to mount satellite digital audio radio service antenna on disk e.g. rear window of vehicle, includes antenna and permissive high-frequency mass field having predetermined minimum field depending on frequency of signal |
| DE102013206519B4 (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2023-08-17 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Antenna system for a vehicle and method for manufacturing such an antenna system |
| GB2585248B (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2022-07-20 | Jaguar Land Rover Ltd | A ground plane for a vehicle |
| JP7239522B2 (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2023-03-14 | 原田工業株式会社 | antenna structure |
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| DE19852184A1 (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2000-05-25 | Sekurit Saint Gobain Deutsch | Automobile front or rear windscreen has transparent region and integral opaque region acting as roof incorporating transmission and/or reception antenna or solar cell |
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| DE10333618B3 (en) * | 2003-07-24 | 2005-03-24 | Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg | Substrate with an electrically conductive coating and a communication window |
| DE102004011662B4 (en) * | 2004-03-10 | 2006-04-20 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Antenna fixture arrangement to a road vehicle part has on upper side electrically insulating layer, beneath which is a mass surface |
| DE102007007939A1 (en) | 2007-02-17 | 2007-12-20 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Antenna arrangement for use on glass roof of vehicle, has antenna fastened to metallic frame of glass floor by recess in glass surface in such manner that metallic frame forms antenna mass, where frame is provided below glass surface |
-
2008
- 2008-08-21 DE DE200810039125 patent/DE102008039125A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-07-23 WO PCT/EP2009/005359 patent/WO2010020327A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-07-23 JP JP2011523320A patent/JP2012500544A/en active Pending
- 2009-07-23 EP EP09777400A patent/EP2281323A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-07-23 CN CN2009801275691A patent/CN102099959A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109891671A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2019-06-14 | 三星电子株式会社 | Beam formed antenna component including metal structure |
| US11349205B2 (en) | 2016-11-11 | 2022-05-31 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Beamforming antenna assembly including metal structure |
| CN110741505A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2020-01-31 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Antenna device |
| CN109818154A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-28 | 福特全球技术公司 | Motor vehicles with glass roof and with the aerial array being placed on glass roof |
| CN109818154B (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2022-03-08 | 福特全球技术公司 | Motor vehicle with a roof pane and with an antenna array arranged on the roof pane |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2012500544A (en) | 2012-01-05 |
| DE102008039125A1 (en) | 2010-03-04 |
| EP2281323A1 (en) | 2011-02-09 |
| WO2010020327A1 (en) | 2010-02-25 |
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Application publication date: 20110615 |