CN102097908B - Mouse cage type asynchronous motor rotor sheet capable of preventing rotor chute - Google Patents

Mouse cage type asynchronous motor rotor sheet capable of preventing rotor chute Download PDF

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CN102097908B
CN102097908B CN 201110074622 CN201110074622A CN102097908B CN 102097908 B CN102097908 B CN 102097908B CN 201110074622 CN201110074622 CN 201110074622 CN 201110074622 A CN201110074622 A CN 201110074622A CN 102097908 B CN102097908 B CN 102097908B
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rotor
motor
punching
asynchronous motor
chute
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赵海森
刘晓芳
罗应立
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Hebei Motor Co.,Ltd.
North China Electric Power University
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Abstract

The invention specially relates to a mouse cage type asynchronous motor rotor sheet capable of preventing a rotor chute, belonging to the technical field of designing and manufacturing a mouse cage type asynchronous motor. The material of the rotor sheet is the same with the material of the rotor sheet of a traditional 0.5kW-315kW alternating current motor; but the asynchronous motor rotor sheet provided by the invention adopts the technical measures such as using an opening-closed groove, unevenly distributing rotor grooves, selecting near groove match, appropriately adjusting the diameter of the rotor sheet and the like, so that rotor conducting bars can weaken the noise and vibration caused by a harmonic-wave magnetic field on the premise of avoiding the chute; and simultaneously, as the chute is avoided, the additional consumption caused by transverse current between the rotor conducting bars can be greatly reduced, and the operation efficiency of the motor is improved.

Description

A kind of squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor punching that can avoid rotor chute
Technical field
The invention belongs to squirrel-cage asynchronous motor design and manufacturing technology field, particularly a kind of squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor punching that can avoid rotor chute.
Background technology
In the middle-size and small-size squirrel cage asynchronous motor design of tradition, rotor adopts flume structure usually.Rotor chute can effectively weaken the harmonic wave electromotive force that harmony wave produces, thereby weakens the additional torque that is caused by these harmonic fields, improves starting performance, and reduces electromagnetic noise.Yet when rotor chute, rotor bar is angle of oblique mistake vertically, compares when causing motor internal magnetic field with straight trough significant change to occur and affect loss, and this is so that skewed slot also becomes a key factor that affects the loss of electric machine.For the impact of rotor chute on the loss of electric machine, can mainly be divided into following several respects and analyze:
1) during rotor chute, because angle of the oblique mistake of rotor, the synthetic electromotive force that slot ripples is responded on whole sliver length reduces greatly, therefore skewed slot can effectively weaken harmony wave, so that significantly reduced by the harmonic current of this fractional harmonic magnetic field in stator winding and the generation of rotor mouse cage sliver, reach the purpose that reduces the harmonic wave copper loss;
2) during rotor chute, because rotor current produces the demagnetizing effect in magnetic field, meeting be so that motor internal resultant magnetic field skewness vertically, and then cause that motor degree of saturation unshakable in one's determination vertically strengthens, the iron loss increase.Skewed slot depends primarily on load to the influence degree of iron loss, and during underloading, rotor current is less, and the rotor field is less to the demagnetizing effect of stator field, and the stalk that is caused by skewed slot changes less to degree of saturation; During heavy duty, stator and rotor current significantly increases, and the rotor field is larger to the demagnetizing effect of stator field, and is more obvious to the degree of saturation increase by the stalk that skewed slot causes.In brief, increase with load, vertically degree of saturation aggravation of iron core, the iron loss increase is more obvious;
3) in not having traditional cast-aluminum rotor of slot liner, can there be induced potential and transverse current between adjacent two roots rotor slivers during rotor chute, and then produce supplementary load loss.In middle-size and small-size cage induction motor, for the on-insulated cast-aluminum rotor of general rotor bar, the loss that transverse current produces often accounts for larger proportion in total supplementary load loss.In order to reduce this part loss, effective measures are cast-aluminum rotor to be carried out slot liner process, so that rotor bar and the increase of rotor core Contact resistance, but the technique of present this processing method is stable not enough, has also increased simultaneously the production cost of motor.
The above analysis can get, and how under the precondition that does not affect motor starting performance and loss characteristic, carries out the important directions that the effective Study on Technical Measures of reduced harmonic just becomes the ultra-high efficient motor development.Therefore, research can not only avoid skewed slot can also effectively weaken simultaneously the Novel punching sheet for rotor structure of slot ripples, the development work that the can be ultra-high efficient motor support that provides the necessary technical; Simultaneously, because the Novel punching sheet for rotor structure does not increase the manufacturing process difficulty of motor when having avoided skewed slot, this also plays certain impetus for applying of ultra-high efficient motor.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to and how to avoid taking in the conventional AC motor production process mode of rotor chute to reduce because the additional torque that harmony wave causes and the problem of noise provide a kind of squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor punching that can avoid rotor chute.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: the rotor of rotor punching is taked the closed slot design, and rotor groove apex distance is decided with capacity motor from the distance of rotor outer circle;
Rotor adopts the uneven distribution setting, and uneven distribution degree employing sine wave modulation, and definite method of the space bit angle setting of each rotor position is calculated by following formula:
θ n=θ n0+Kζ,
In the formula, θ nIt is the space bit angle setting of n rotor;
θ N0The space bit angle setting of n rotor when evenly distributing for rotor bar, available formula θ N0=2 π n/Z 2Find the solution, wherein Z 2Be the rotor number;
K is the index of modulation of rotor space bit angle setting, and span is 0~0.03;
ζ is the angle of utilizing the sine wave modulation gained, available formula ζ=sin (2 π n ε/Z 2) find the solution, wherein ε is sinusoidal wave coefficient, value is 0~4;
Rotor should cooperate with the nearly groove of stator slot, and rotor is counted Z 2With number of stator slots Z 1Between satisfy: Z 2>0.9Z 1
When capacity motor was 0.55kW~315kW, described rotor groove apex distance was 1mm~3mm from the span of rotor outer circle distance.
When capacity motor was 0.55kW~315kW, the diameter of described rotor punching increased 0.04mm~1mm, even motor gas-gap reduces accordingly, remains unchanged to guarantee the original starting of motor and runnability.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) adopts rotor punching provided by the present invention, owing to avoided the rotor chute structure, transverse current between the squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor sliver can significantly lower, and then so that the supplementary load loss that produced by this part electric current obviously reduce, improve the operational efficiency of motor, obtained more obvious energy-saving effect.
(2) adopt rotor punching provided by the present invention, do not increase motor manufacturing processing technic difficulty, can additionally not increase production cost, ultra-high efficient motor is applied had certain impetus.
(3) compare with common straight trough motor, the present invention is avoiding still can effectively weakening harmony wave in the situation of skewed slot, when motor not being moved to the extra noise pollution of the generation of surrounding enviroment.
(4) the closed slot design of the present invention's proposition and the calculation content of space bit angle setting, be not only applicable to the small and middle induction motors of 0.55kW~315kW, also can adopt the method for the invention that the rotor punching structure of motor is improved for alternating current motors such as large-size asynchronous motor and self-starting rare-earth permanent magnet rotor types, thereby reach the purpose that weakens slot ripples.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the rotor punching schematic diagram that proposes among the present invention, at this take the 5.5kW motor rotor punching sheet as example;
Fig. 2 is the rotor slot shape structural representation of 5.5kW squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor punching among the embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the original rotor punching schematic diagram of 5.5kW squirrel cage asynchronous motor among the embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the rotor slot shape structural representation of 5.5kW squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor punching among the embodiment;
Fig. 5 (a) is among the embodiment during 5.5kW squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor straight trough, the unloaded phase current waveform of motor A phase winding;
Fig. 5 (b) is among the embodiment during 5.5kW squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor straight trough, adopts that rotor is inhomogeneous, during two kinds of measures of closed slot (rotor groove number still is 36/32), the unloaded phase current waveform of motor A phase winding;
Fig. 5 (c) is among the embodiment during 5.5kW squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor straight trough, adopt that rotor is inhomogeneous, when closed slot, suitable gas length (0.35mm) and nearly groove groove cooperate (rotor groove number still is 36/33) four kinds of technical measures, the correlation curve of the A phase winding zero load phase current waveform of the unloaded phase current waveform of motor A phase winding during with the rotor skewed slot;
Fig. 6 is after the 5.5kW squirrel cage asynchronous motor adopts rotor punching among the present invention among the embodiment, the correlation curve of the fully loaded phase current waveform of the A phase winding when adopting skewed rotor with motor;
Fig. 7 is after the 5.5kW squirrel cage asynchronous motor adopts rotor punching among the present invention among the embodiment, the contrast situation of the torque-speed curve in the starting process when adopting skewed rotor with motor;
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of asynchronous motor rotor lamination structure that can avoid rotor chute, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
The core material that this rotor punching adopts is identical with traditional core material that 0.55kW~rotor punching of 315kW squirrel-cage asynchronous motor adopts.The rotor of rotor punching is taked the closed slot design, and rotor groove apex distance is decided with capacity motor from the distance of rotor outer circle; When capacity motor was 0.55kW~315kW, described rotor groove apex distance was 1mm~3mm from the span of rotor outer circle distance.
Rotor adopts the uneven distribution setting, and uneven distribution degree employing sine wave modulation, and definite method of each rotor place space bit angle setting is calculated by following formula:
θ n=θ n0+Kζ,
In the formula, θ nIt is the space bit angle setting of n rotor;
θ N0The space bit angle setting of n rotor when evenly distributing for rotor bar, available formula θ N0=2 π n/Z 2Find the solution, wherein Z 2Be the rotor number;
K is the index of modulation of rotor space bit angle setting, and span is 0~0.03;
ζ is the angle of utilizing the sine wave modulation gained, available formula ζ=sin (2 π n ε/Z 2) find the solution, wherein ε is sinusoidal wave coefficient, value is 0~4.
Rotor should cooperate with the nearly groove of stator slot, and rotor is counted Z 2With number of stator slots Z 1Between satisfy: Z 2>0.9Z 1
When capacity motor was 0.55kW~315kW, the diameter of described rotor punching increased 0.04mm~1mm, even motor gas-gap reduces accordingly, remains unchanged to guarantee the original starting of motor and runnability.
Above technical measures, so that motor can avoided in the situation of skewed slot, reach the runnability identical with original skewed rotor structural electromotor, avoided simultaneously because the supplementary load loss that transverse current produces between the skewed rotor sliver, the loss of electric machine is decreased, improved the motor operational efficiency.The present invention will be further described below by concrete embodiment
Embodiment one:
Take Y132S-4,5.5kW motor as example, existing rotor adopts flume structure and sliver evenly to distribute, and rotor groove number is respectively 36 and 32, and gas length is 0.4mm.
After adopting the described rotor punching of this patent, the rotor uneven distribution, the groove top of the rotor of remaining silent and the distance between the rotor outer circle are 0.5mm, rotor groove number is respectively 36 and 33, because employing closed slot and the measure of rotor bar uneven distribution effectively reduce the harmonic content in the air gap flux density, so the rotor punching diameter can suitably increase, so that gas length reduces, through a large amount of comparative analyses, it is adjusted into 0.35mm herein, namely the diameter of rotor punching increases 0.1mm.Below by description of drawings this patent is described further.
Rotor punching schematic diagram of the present invention and the rotor slot shape structural representation thereof of being respectively illustrated in figures 1 and 2; Fig. 3 and conventional rotors punching schematic diagram and the rotor slot shape structural representation thereof that is respectively the employing of 5.5kW squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor shown in Figure 4.Comparison diagram 1 and Fig. 3 can find out that the rotor of the rotor punching that adopts distributes obviously inhomogeneous at circumferencial direction in this patent; Simultaneously, can obviously be found out the basic structure of the rotor closed slot that adopts in this patent and conventional rotors flute profile basic structure by Fig. 2 and Fig. 4.
Fig. 5 (a) is among the embodiment during 5.5kW squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor straight trough (rotor groove number still is 36/32), and the unloaded phase current waveform of A phase winding can be found out and contain obvious slot ripples component in the current waveform.
Fig. 5 (b) is among the embodiment during 5.5kW squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor straight trough, adopt that rotor is inhomogeneous, during two kinds of technical measures of closed slot (rotor groove number still is 36/32), the unloaded phase current waveform of motor A phase winding, can find out, compare with Fig. 5 (a), although still contain slot ripples in the current waveform, its content obviously reduces, and unloaded phase current waveform improves to a certain extent.
Fig. 5 (c) is among the embodiment during 5.5kW squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor straight trough, adopt that rotor is inhomogeneous, when closed slot, suitable gas length (0.35mm) and nearly groove groove cooperate (rotor groove number still is 36/33) four kinds of technical measures, the correlation curve of the A phase winding zero load phase current waveform of the unloaded phase current waveform of motor A phase winding during with the rotor skewed slot.Can find out the technical measures that provide among the present invention are provided after, motor is under the prerequisite of having avoided skewed slot, the unloaded phase current of A phase winding overlaps during with the motor skewed slot substantially, also can obviously find out from current waveform and no longer contain the slot ripples component.
Fig. 6 is after the 5.5kW squirrel cage asynchronous motor adopts rotor punching among the present invention, A phase winding zero load when adopting skewed rotor with motor and the correlation curve of fully loaded phase current waveform, after the technical measures that provide among employing the present invention can be provided, motor is under the prerequisite of having avoided skewed slot, and the fully loaded phase current waveform when the A phase winding is fully loaded with phase current waveform with the motor skewed slot overlaps substantially.
Fig. 7 is after the 5.5kW squirrel cage asynchronous motor adopts rotor punching among the present invention, the contrast situation of the torque-speed curve in the starting process when adopting skewed rotor with motor, can find out, after adopting the rotor punching in this patent, the performance graph of Torque and speed is more level and smooth in the starting process of motor, and too big difference and torque ripple phenomenon obviously do not weaken breakdown torque.
Lossy data when table 1 adopts skewed rotor for the 5.5kW squirrel cage asynchronous motor during no-load running; Lossy data when table 2 adopts no-load running after the rotor punching among the present invention for the 5.5kW squirrel cage asynchronous motor; Lossy data when table 3 adopts skewed rotor for the 5.5kW squirrel cage asynchronous motor during full-load run; Lossy data when table 4 adopts full-load run after the rotor punching among the present invention for the 5.5kW squirrel cage asynchronous motor, data can be found out in the contrast table, adopt the fully loaded total losses of this patent rotor punching rear motor to reduce about 25W.Need to prove, do not provide in table 1 and the table 3 because the supplementary load loss that transverse current produces between rotor bar, but after adopting this patent, because rotor is straight groove structure, this will reduce between rotor bar greatly because the caused supplementary load loss of transverse current, so this patent can also further reduce the supplementary load loss of motor, improves the motor operational efficiency.For this 5.5kW motor, 30W calculates by the total losses reduction, for the motor (to move 8000 hours) of long-term operation, can save 240 degree electricity, 120 yuan of the annual saving electricity charge.Calculated by 20 year useful life, this motor 4800 degree that within its cycle of operation, economize on electricitys, about 2400 yuan of the saving electricity charge, power savings is remarkable.
The contrast situation of comprehensive above-mentioned unloaded phase current waveform, fully loaded phase current waveform, starting torque-speed curves and loss several respects can get, after the rotor punching in the employing this patent, and the runnability in the time of reaching motor employing skewed rotor fully.
No-load loss data when table 1. 5.5kW motor adopts skewed rotor
Figure BDA0000052248200000081
No-load loss data (air gap 0.35mm) when table 2. 5.5kW motor adopts the described rotor of this patent
Figure BDA0000052248200000082
Fully loaded lossy data when table 3. 5.5kW motor adopts skewed rotor
Figure BDA0000052248200000091
Fully loaded lossy data (air gap 0.35mm) when table 4. 5.5kW motor adopts the described rotor of this patent
Figure BDA0000052248200000092
Embodiment two:
Still take Y132S-4,5.5kW motor as example, when adopting rotor punching described in the patent in this example, the rotor uneven distribution, the groove top of the rotor of remaining silent and the distance between the rotor outer circle are 1mm, rotor groove number is respectively 36 and 33, but the rotor punching diameter is constant.Find that through contrast its starting performance and embodiment one there is no significant difference, so locate only to list unloaded and fully loaded lossy data, shown in table 5 and table 6.Lossy data contrast among lossy data in the present embodiment and the embodiment one can get, because it is large that air gap becomes, although the harmonic loss of motor decreases, but because first-harmonic loss increase degree is larger, so that the motor total losses are slightly higher than motor total losses among the embodiment one in the present embodiment, but the fully loaded total losses of motor are compared with traditional skewed slot motor and are still reduced about 20W in the present embodiment, and this explanation adopts rotor punching to adopt uneven distribution, closed slot and nearly groove groove to cooperate three kinds of technical measures still can realize comparatively ideal energy-saving effect.
No-load loss data (air gap 0.4mm) when table 5. 5.5kW motor adopts the described rotor of this patent
Figure BDA0000052248200000101
Fully loaded lossy data (air gap 0.4mm) when table 6. 5.5kW motor adopts the described rotor of this patent
Figure BDA0000052248200000102
Embodiment three:
Take Y801-4,0.55kW motor as example, this electric machine rotor groove number has satisfied Z 2>0.9Z 1(number of stator slots and rotor number are respectively 24 and 22), so adopt the groove top of rotor uneven distribution, the rotor of remaining silent and the distance between the rotor outer circle to be 1mm and suitably to adjust the rotor punching diameter (through comparative analysis, diameter with rotor punching increases 0.04mm herein, and namely the gas length of motor is adjusted into 0.23mm) the three technology measure.After adopting the punching of this patent rotor, starting performance and the runnability of motor there is no significant difference before and after improving, and no-load loss is reduced to 82W by 95W, and total losses reduce about 13.7%; Fully loaded total losses are reduced to 187W by 193W, and it is about 3.1% that total losses reduce, and the motor operational efficiency improves about 1%.
Embodiment four:
Take YX3-90S-6,0.75kW motor as example, because this electric machine rotor groove number has satisfied Z 2>0.9Z 1(number of stator slots and rotor number are respectively 36 and 33); So adopting the groove top of rotor uneven distribution, the rotor of remaining silent and the distance between the rotor outer circle is that 1mm and suitable air gap are (through comparative analysis, diameter with rotor punching increases 0.04mm herein, and namely the gas length of motor is adjusted into 0.23mm) the three technology measure.After adopting the punching of this patent rotor, starting performance and the runnability of motor there is no significant difference before and after improving, and no-load loss is reduced to 70W by 79W, and total losses reduce about 11.3%; Fully loaded total losses are reduced to 181W by 187W, and it is about 3.2% that total losses reduce, and the motor operational efficiency improves about 0.8%.
Embodiment five:
Take Y280M-4,90kW motor as example, having adopted the groove top of rotor uneven distribution, the rotor of remaining silent is that 1.5mm, nearly groove cooperate (number of stator slots and rotor number are respectively 60 and 54) and the suitable air gap (through comparative analysis with distance between the rotor outer circle, the diameter of rotor punching is increased 0.2mm herein, namely the gas length of motor is adjusted into 0.8mm) four technical measures.No-load loss is reduced to 2437W by 2775W in this case, and total losses reduce about 12.1%; Fully loaded total losses are reduced to 5393W by 5750W, and it is about 6.2% that total losses reduce, and the motor operational efficiency improves about 0.4%.
Embodiment six:
Take Y2-355L-2,315kW motor as example, having adopted the groove top of rotor uneven distribution, the rotor of remaining silent is that 3mm, nearly groove cooperate (number of stator slots and rotor number are respectively 72 and 66) and the suitable air gap (through comparative analysis with distance between the rotor outer circle, the diameter of rotor punching is increased 1mm herein, namely the gas length of motor is adjusted into 1.1mm) four technical measures.Fully loaded total losses are reduced to 14800W by 15746W in this case, and it is about 6% that total losses reduce, and the motor operational efficiency improves about 0.3%.

Claims (3)

1. the squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor punching that can avoid rotor chute is characterized in that,
The rotor of described rotor punching is taked the closed slot design, and rotor groove apex distance is decided with capacity motor from the distance of rotor outer circle;
Rotor adopts the uneven distribution setting, and uneven distribution degree employing sine wave modulation, and definite method of the space bit angle setting of each rotor position is calculated by following formula:
θ n=θ n0+Kζ,
In the formula, θ nIt is the space bit angle setting of n rotor;
θ N0The space bit angle setting of n rotor when evenly distributing for rotor bar is used formula θ N0=2 π n/Z 2Find the solution, wherein Z 2Be the rotor number;
K is the index of modulation of rotor space bit angle setting, and span is 0~0.03;
ζ is the angle of utilizing the sine wave modulation gained, with formula ζ=sin (2 π n ε/Z 2) find the solution, wherein ε is sinusoidal wave coefficient, value is 0~4;
Rotor should cooperate with the nearly groove of stator slot, and rotor is counted Z 2With number of stator slots Z 1Between satisfy: Z 2>0.9Z 1
2. a kind of squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor punching that can avoid rotor chute according to claim 1 is characterized in that, when capacity motor was 0.55kW~315kW, described rotor groove apex distance was 1mm~3mm from the span of rotor outer circle distance.
3. a kind of asynchronous motor rotor punching that can avoid rotor chute according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when capacity motor was 0.55kW~315kW, the diameter of described rotor punching increased 0.04mm~1mm, remains unchanged to guarantee the original starting of motor and runnability.
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Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4427948A1 (en) * 1994-08-06 1996-02-15 Groschopp & Co Gmbh Elektro Mo Asynchronous motor for individual spindle drives
CN1307742A (en) * 1998-06-26 2001-08-08 通用电气公司 Rotors utilizing stepped skew
CN101789659A (en) * 2009-01-23 2010-07-28 江门金羚电机有限公司 Three-phase cage induction motor for low power frequency conversion
CN101908807A (en) * 2010-07-22 2010-12-08 李树广 Multi-winding asynchronous change-pole generator
CN201956854U (en) * 2011-03-25 2011-08-31 华北电力大学 Squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor punching sheet capable of avoiding rotor skewed slots

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4427948A1 (en) * 1994-08-06 1996-02-15 Groschopp & Co Gmbh Elektro Mo Asynchronous motor for individual spindle drives
CN1307742A (en) * 1998-06-26 2001-08-08 通用电气公司 Rotors utilizing stepped skew
CN101789659A (en) * 2009-01-23 2010-07-28 江门金羚电机有限公司 Three-phase cage induction motor for low power frequency conversion
CN101908807A (en) * 2010-07-22 2010-12-08 李树广 Multi-winding asynchronous change-pole generator
CN201956854U (en) * 2011-03-25 2011-08-31 华北电力大学 Squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor punching sheet capable of avoiding rotor skewed slots

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Inventor after: Zhao Haisen

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