A kind of preparation technology of crystal silicon solar energy battery conductive slurry for front electrode
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation technology of crystal silicon solar energy battery conductive slurry for front electrode, belong to the solar cell preparing technical field.
Background technology
Conductive slurry for front electrode of solar battery prints out the electrode pattern with good print precision by screen printing technique on the sensitive surface of crystalline silicon substrate, and forms the conductive electrode with superior electrical conductivity energy in heat treatment sintering process subsequently.
Conductive slurry for front electrode of solar battery mainly is made up of three parts: work the inorganic carrier of grilling thoroughly solar cell anti-reflection layer and agglomeration after silver powder, the organic facies carrier that is applicable to screen printing technique and the heat treatment of an electric action.Wherein, silver powder has determined solderability, resistivity, the cost of front electrode.Inorganic carrier is a glass powder with low melting point, and it is determining electrocondution slurry to the penetration capacity of solar cell anti-reflection layer and the adhesion of electrode pair crystalline silicon substrate, and inorganic carrier also has important function to ohmic contact resistance.Low-melting glass is generally plumbous pyrex or plumbous silicate glasses, also has some to adopt lead-free environment-friendly type glass.The organic facies carrier is mainly by organic solvent, thickener, thixotropic agent, levelling agent, compositions such as surfactant, it by physics chemical action silver powder and the inorganic carrier formation electrocondution slurry that blends into one, and make electrocondution slurry have the silk screen printing of being applicable to as viscosity, rheological properties such as thixotropy make that using screen printing technique can obtain required printing precision and effect.
In the preparation process of electrocondution slurry, how making to mix between the liquid-solid phase becomes one of key factor that improves stock quality.In two solid phases of electrocondution slurry are formed, the silver powder that plays electric action possesses good plastic deformation ability because of having metallic character, but owing to will avoid agglomeration between the silver powder, can form one deck organic substance on the surface of silver powder and make that the surface nature of silver powder is a hydrophobicity in the preparation process of silver powder.Another solid phase in the electrocondution slurry is a glass powder with low melting point, and the character of glass is the brittle inorganic material of possess hydrophilic property.At present, among the preparation technology of electrocondution slurry, all be earlier mixing with the organic facies carrier again after glass dust and the silver powder mixing, and do not consider two kinds of solid phases because of surface nature with mould the different of fragility, and between the dispersed different silver powder that caused in the organic facies carrier, between the glass dust and the reunion between two kinds of powder with disperse inhomogeneous.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of preparation technology of crystal silicon solar energy battery conductive slurry for front electrode, purpose is to solve to mix uneven problem between the liquid-solid phase that has electrocondution slurry now.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of preparation technology of crystal silicon solar energy battery conductive slurry for front electrode is characterized in that: mainly contain the following step and form:
The first step: obtain mixture after aluminium paste and glass paste mixed according to the mass ratio of 90~98:2~10;
Second step: promptly get the crystal silicon solar energy battery conductive slurry for front electrode after the mixture that adopts three-roll grinder that the first step is made disperses;
The composition of raw materials of described aluminium paste mainly contains the material of following quality percentage composition and forms:
Silver powder 68%~90%;
Solvent 9%~30%;
Surfactant 0.1%~5%;
Described solvent is at least a in terpinol, butyl carbitol and the butyl carbitol acetate, and described surfactant is at least a in lecithin and the triethanolamine; The particle diameter of described silver powder is 0.5~10 micron;
The preparation technology of described aluminium paste is: the composition of raw materials according to described aluminium paste mixes various materials, promptly gets aluminium paste after disperseing with three-roll grinder then;
The composition of raw materials of described glass paste mainly contains the material of following quality percentage composition and forms:
Glass dust 48%~85%;
Solvent 14%~50%;
Surfactant 0.1%~5%;
Described solvent is at least a in terpinol, butyl carbitol and the butyl carbitol acetate, and described surfactant is at least a in lecithin and the triethanolamine; The particle diameter of described glass dust is 0.1~5 micron;
The preparation technology of described glass paste is: the composition of raw materials according to described glass paste mixes various materials, promptly gets glass paste after disperseing with three-roll grinder then.
Related content in the technique scheme is explained as follows:
1, in the such scheme, also contain the quality percentage composition in the composition of raw materials of described aluminium paste and be 0.1%~5% plasticizer, this plasticizer is at least a in ethyl cellulose, butyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, the hydroxyethylcellulose.
2, in the such scheme, also contain the quality percentage composition in the composition of raw materials of described aluminium paste and be 0.1%~5% thixotropic agent, this thixotropic agent is rilanit special or castor oil.
3, in the such scheme, also contain the quality percentage composition in the composition of raw materials of described glass paste and be 0.1%~5% plasticizer, this plasticizer is at least a in ethyl cellulose, butyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, the hydroxyethylcellulose.
4, in the such scheme, also contain the quality percentage composition in the composition of raw materials of described glass paste and be 0.1%~5% thixotropic agent, this thixotropic agent is rilanit special or castor oil.
5, in the such scheme, because the particle size distribution of silver powder has very big influence to the sintering character and the electrode performance behind the sintering of electrocondution slurry, if the particle of silver powder is greater than 10 microns, then electrode is in uneven thickness, the rough surface of electrode and influence the welding performance of electrode.If the particle of silver powder is during less than 0.5 micron, the agglomeration of silver powder is stronger, and difficult the dispersion, oil absorption is big, make the solid content of electrocondution slurry improve, so the silver powder particle size range is 0.5 micron~10 microns.The physical aspect employing sphere or the flake silver powder of silver powder are better, but also can adopt the silver powder of other form, as column.
6, in the such scheme, because the content of glass dust lacks than the content of silver powder, can better disperse in electrocondution slurry in order to make it, the particle diameter of glass dust is less than the particle diameter of conductive phase, so the particle size range of glass dust is 0.1 micron~0.5 micron.
7, in the such scheme, described glass dust is the low-melting glass micro mist, and its glass transition temperature should be 400~650 ℃ to obtain good sintering character.The shape of glass and the content in slurry and the dispersiveness in slurry have very big influence to the sintering character and the electrode performance behind the sintering of electrode.Content as glass is lower than 0.5%, then between silver powder and the silicon and the adhesion strength between silver powder and the silver powder reduce.As the content of glass greater than 5%, then the volume resistance of electrode can be very high and also welding performance electrode also can variation.Therefore the preferable range volume of low temperature glass should be 0.5%~5%.
Because the technique scheme utilization, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and effect:
1, the present invention mixes with organic facies carrier by surfactant and solvent composition respectively with silver powder and glass dust and obtains aluminium paste and glass paste, and the quality percentage composition of the solid content in aluminium paste and the glass paste is different, again two kinds of slurries are mixed, mix between the electrocondution slurry liquid-solid phase that obtains.Test result shows: the scraper plate fineness ratio prior art of the electrocondution slurry test that is made into by this kind method reduces significantly.
2, the present invention can effectively improve the stability of solid phase in carrier, reduces the scraper plate fineness, improves stability of slurry.
3, the present invention can reduce the content of surfactant when playing same dispersion effect, thereby improves the performance of conductive slurry for front electrode of solar battery.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described:
Embodiment 1~5: a kind of preparation technology of crystal silicon solar energy battery conductive slurry for front electrode
A kind of preparation technology of crystal silicon solar energy battery conductive slurry for front electrode, technological process as shown in Figure 1.
One, the composition of raw materials of the aluminium paste of embodiment 1~5 sees Table 1:
Table 1
? |
Silver powder |
Solvent |
Surfactant |
Plasticizer |
Thixotropic agent |
Embodiment 1 |
86% |
12% |
1.05% |
0.6% |
0.35% |
Embodiment 2 |
87% |
12% |
1% |
/ |
/ |
Embodiment 3 |
80% |
11.6% |
4% |
0.3% |
4.1% |
Embodiment 4 |
75% |
20.6% |
2.5% |
1.8% |
0.1% |
Embodiment 5 |
83% |
10% |
0.5% |
5% |
1.5% |
What the percentage sign in the table 1 was represented is the quality percentage composition.The particle size range of silver powder is 0.5~10 micron.
Annotate: 1, the solvent of embodiment 1~5 is: embodiment 1 terpinol; Embodiment 2 butyl carbitol; Embodiment 3 is the butyl carbitol acetate; Embodiment 4 is the mixture of terpinol and butyl carbitol, and mixed proportion is 7.5:4.5; Embodiment 5 is the mixture of terpinol, butyl carbitol and butyl carbitol acetate, and the mass ratio between the three is 1:1:1.
2, the surfactant of embodiment 1~5 is: embodiment 1 lecithin; Embodiment 2 triethanolamines; Embodiment 3 is a lecithin; Embodiment 4 is the mixture of lecithin and triethanolamine, and ratio is 1:1; Embodiment 5 is the mixture of lecithin and triethanolamine, and ratio is 2:1.
3, the plasticizer of embodiment 1~5 is: embodiment 1 carboxymethyl cellulose; The mixture of embodiment 3 ethyl celluloses and butyl cellulose, ratio are 1:1; Embodiment 4 butyl celluloses; Embodiment 5 ethyl celluloses.
4, the thixotropic agent of embodiment 1~5 is: embodiment 1 castor oil; Embodiment 3 rilanit specials; Embodiment 4 rilanit specials; Embodiment 5 rilanit specials.
Two, the preparation technology of the aluminium paste of embodiment 1~5: the ratio in aluminium paste in the composition of raw materials table of aluminium paste is heated to 95 ℃ with terpinol, butyl carbitol, ethyl cellulose, hydrogenated castor wet goods earlier, stir more than 2 hours, treat to add surfactant again after ethyl cellulose and hydrogenated castor wet goods dissolve fully, under 60 ℃ of temperature, then stirred 1 hour, treat that it dissolves the back fully and adds silver powder, aluminium paste is made in powerful again stirring rewinding tinning after grinding 30 minutes on the three-roll grinder after 1 hour.
Three, the composition of raw materials of the glass paste of embodiment 1~5 sees Table 2:
? |
Glass dust |
Solvent |
Surfactant |
Plasticizer |
Thixotropic agent |
Embodiment 1 |
73% |
24% |
1 % |
1.3% |
0.7% |
Embodiment 2 |
65% |
30% |
3.5% |
2.2% |
0.6% |
Embodiment 3 |
85% |
13% |
2% |
/ |
/ |
Embodiment 4 |
77% |
14.7% |
2.5% |
3.1% |
2.7% |
Embodiment 5 |
71% |
22.7% |
0.1% |
4.5% |
1.7% |
What the percentage sign in the table 2 was represented is the quality percentage composition.The particle size range of glass dust is 0.1~5 micron.
Annotate: 1, the solvent of embodiment 1~5 is: the mixture of embodiment 1 terpinol and butyl carbitol, mass ratio between the two are 15:9; Embodiment 2 butyl carbitol; Embodiment 3 terpinols; Embodiment 4 is the butyl carbitol acetate; Embodiment 5 is the mixture of butyl carbitol and butyl carbitol acetate, and mass ratio between the two is 1:1.
2, the surfactant of embodiment 1~5 is: embodiment 1 triethanolamine; Embodiment 2 lecithin; Embodiment 3 is a lecithin; Embodiment 4 is a lecithin; Embodiment 5 is the mixture of lecithin and triethanolamine, and ratio is 1:1.
3, the plasticizer of embodiment 1~5 is: embodiment 1 ethyl cellulose; Embodiment 2 butyl celluloses; The mixture of embodiment 4 ethyl celluloses and carboxymethyl cellulose, ratio are 1:1; Embodiment 5 butyl celluloses.
4, the thixotropic agent of embodiment 1~5 is: embodiment 1 castor oil; Embodiment 2 rilanit specials; Embodiment 4 rilanit specials; Embodiment 5 rilanit specials.
Four, the preparation technology of the glass paste of embodiment 1~5: earlier terpinol, butyl carbitol, ethyl cellulose, hydrogenated castor wet goods are heated to 95 ℃ in the ratio in the composition of raw materials table of glass paste, stir more than 2 hours, treat to add surfactant again after ethyl cellulose and hydrogenated castor wet goods dissolve fully, under 95 ℃ of temperature, then stirred 1 hour, treat that it dissolves the back fully and adds glass dust, glass paste is made in powerful again stirring rewinding tinning after grinding 30 minutes on the three-roll grinder after 1 hour.
Five, the mass ratio of the aluminium paste of embodiment 1~5 and glass paste sees Table 3
Table 3
? |
Embodiment 1 |
Embodiment 2 |
Embodiment 3 |
Embodiment 4 |
Embodiment 5 |
Aluminium paste |
97 |
98 |
90 |
95 |
92 |
Glass paste |
3 |
2 |
10 |
5 |
8 |
Six, the making step of embodiment 1~5 is as follows:
The above-mentioned glass paste for preparing is added in the aluminium paste in the ratio in the table 3, and powerful the stirring after 1 hour mixes, rewinding tinning after grinding 30 minutes on the three-roll grinder again, thus make the crystal silicon solar energy battery conductive slurry for front electrode.
Seven, Comparative Examples 1~5: according to the prescription of embodiment 1~5, at first silver powder and glass dust are mixed respectively, it is put in the organic facies carrier again, with grinding rewinding tinning after 30 minutes on the three-roll grinder.
Eight, test
The fineness of the Hegman grind gage of employing standard (QXP-25) difference test implementation example 1~5 and Comparative Examples 1~5, the result is as shown in the table:
Formula number |
Scraper plate fineness (Μ m) |
Embodiment 1 |
6.8 |
Comparative Examples 1 |
15 |
Embodiment 2 |
8.5 |
Comparative Examples 2 |
21 |
Embodiment 3 |
7.5 |
Comparative Examples 3 |
13 |
Embodiment 4 |
7 |
Comparative Examples 4 |
12 |
Embodiment 5 |
7 |
Comparative Examples 5 |
17 |
The scraper plate fineness of comparative example 1~5 and Comparative Examples 1~5, the scraper plate fineness ratio Comparative Examples 1~5 of discovery embodiment 1~5 has the improvement of highly significant, illustrates to adopt the electrocondution slurry dispersive property of the present invention's preparation significantly to improve.
The foregoing description only is explanation technical conceive of the present invention and characteristics, and its purpose is to allow the personage who is familiar with this technology can understand content of the present invention and enforcement according to this, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.All equivalences that spirit is done according to the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.