CN102096044B - 一种混合动力汽车的永磁同步电机温度测量方法 - Google Patents

一种混合动力汽车的永磁同步电机温度测量方法 Download PDF

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CN102096044B
CN102096044B CN2010105833723A CN201010583372A CN102096044B CN 102096044 B CN102096044 B CN 102096044B CN 2010105833723 A CN2010105833723 A CN 2010105833723A CN 201010583372 A CN201010583372 A CN 201010583372A CN 102096044 B CN102096044 B CN 102096044B
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马永志
李宗华
肖伟
李中华
丁天喜
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Chongqing Changan Automobile Co Ltd
Chongqing Changan New Energy Automobile Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/50—Control strategies for responding to system failures, e.g. for fault diagnosis, failsafe operation or limp mode
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01K13/04—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving solid bodies
    • G01K13/08—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving solid bodies in rotary movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0061—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electrical machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/25—Devices for sensing temperature, or actuated thereby
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/425—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W50/02—Ensuring safety in case of control system failures, e.g. by diagnosing, circumventing or fixing failures
    • B60W50/029—Adapting to failures or work around with other constraints, e.g. circumvention by avoiding use of failed parts
    • B60W2050/0295—Inhibiting action of specific actuators or systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/08—Electric propulsion units
    • B60W2510/087—Temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
    • G01R31/343—Testing dynamo-electric machines in operation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Abstract

本发明提出一种混合动力汽车的永磁同步电机温度测量方法，其是在永磁同步电机的三相绕组端部埋置A、B两组温度传感器，A组是三个传感器并联，用来测量各相绕组温度，B组是三个传感器串联，用来测量温度变化率，两组温度传感器的信号经过电机控制器处理分别通过CAN通讯反馈到整车控制器。当两反馈值中的任一个达到整车故障设定值时，CAN通讯上报电机过温故障，整车控制器控制电机及时将高压电断掉，保护电机。本发明的温度传感器布置合理、多方式温度测量，能及时精确的监控电机温度，有效诊断电机的过热故障并作出处理，提高了电机的安全性和整车故障诊断能力。

Description

一种混合动力汽车的永磁同步电机温度测量方法
技术领域
本发明属于混合动力汽车的永磁同步电机技术领域，具体涉及一种电机测温与故障诊断方式。 
背景技术
电机过热现象所反映的故障在电机故障中占有相当大的比例。因此，监测电机温度对于保证电机正常运行、整车安全行驶尤为重要。
目前混动汽车的永磁同步电机一般是盘式，相对于普通圆柱式电机，盘式电机自身散热效果较好，所以盘式电机一般为自然空气冷却。但是，由于制造、测量成本限制等原因，大多电机产品只是简单通过温度传感器来测量温度，其中温度传感器布置不合理、 检测温度数据不充分、故障诊断繁琐等。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对混合动力汽车的永磁同步电机，而设计的一种测温与故障诊断方式，其中温度传感器布置合理、多方式温度测量，能及时精确的监控电机温度，有效诊断电机的过热故障并作出处理，提高了电机的安全性和整车故障诊断能力。
本发明提出的混合动力汽车的永磁同步电机温度测量方法如下：
在永磁同步电机的三相绕组端部埋置A、B两组温度传感器，每组三个温度传感器，三个温度传感器均匀布置在绕组圆周上，保证三相绕组的每个绕组线圈上均有A组和B组的一个传感器。两组温度传感器的引线接到电机壳体的接线盒中的信号接插件上，信号接插件的另一端接到电机控制器，电机控制器分别处理不同的温度信号。
两组温度传感器中，A组是三个传感器并联，用来测量各相绕组温度，经过电机控制器处理的温度值信号通过整车CAN通讯反馈到整车控制器；B组是三个传感器串联，用来测量温度变化率，经过电机控制器处理的温度变化率信号通过CAN通讯反馈到整车控制器。当两反馈值中的任一个达到整车故障设定值时，CAN通讯上报电机过温故障，整车控制器控制电机及时将高压电断掉，保护电机。
本发明的优点在于：
（1）此永磁同步电机的A组测温采用了温差测量方式。
考虑到可能出现绕组缺相运行、某一相绕组匝间短路、三相电压或电流严重不平衡、或定转子铁心摩擦等引起的绕组之间存在的温度差，采用温差测量方式：三个并联温度传感器均匀埋置在绕组端部，保证每相绕组线圈上都有温度传感器，就能检测出哪相绕组出现了问题，从而针对性的查找具体原因。
（2）此永磁同步电机的B组测温采用了温度变化率测量方式。
电机绕组在正常运行和故障早期时，温度的变化率不大，而过负载或故障后期时，温度急剧上升，而温度通常传导比较迟缓，加上传感器热响应时间较长，往往温度反馈信号发出延迟，可能会导致电机烧毁。采用温度变化率测量方式：三个串联温度传感器均匀埋置在绕组端部，保证每相绕组线圈上都有温度传感器，通过温度信号处理芯片，在极短的时间内，可得到温度变化率。 
（3）此永磁同步电机的故障诊断方式，充分利用了整车的CAN通讯工具。电机温度传感器检测的温度信号引到电机控制器内部进行信号处理，将温度值，温度变化率值通过CAN信息反馈到整车控制器上，当两个值中的任意一个达到预先设定的上限值时，整车会报故障信息，并及时控制电机下电停止工作。
附图说明
图1、本发明的永磁同步电机温度监测方式：温差测量方式和温度变化率测量方式；
图2、本发明的永磁同步电机温度监测与故障诊断原理图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图进一步说明测温与故障诊断步骤：
步骤1：两组传感器的布置
参见图1，A组温度传感器是温差测量，在绕组周向上均匀埋置三个热电阻传感器，即保证每相绕组线圈端部都有温度传感器，三个传感器并联，实时监测并经过信号处理得到每相绕组温度。B组温度传感器为温度变化率测量，在绕组周向上均匀埋置三个热电阻传感器，即保证每相绕组线圈端部都有温度传感器，三个传感器串联，实时监测温度并经过信号处理得到温度变化率。
步骤2：温度监测与故障诊断方法
参见图2，以上温度传感器测出的电阻值，经过电机控制器里的温度信号处理芯片，得到每相绕组的温度值、绕组的温度变化率值，通过CAN通讯将这两个值反馈到整车控制器。当两反馈值中的任一个达到整车故障设定值时，整车报电机过温故障，仪表台表上显示电机过热图像。整车控制器控制电机高压电断掉，及时保护电机，保证了整车的安全行驶。

Claims (1)

1.一种混合动力汽车的永磁同步电机温度测量方法，其特征在于：所述方法是在永磁同步电机的三相绕组端部埋置A、B两组温度传感器，每组三个温度传感器，分别均匀布置在三相绕组圆周上，保证三相绕组的每个绕组线圈上均有A组和B组的一个传感器；两组温度传感器的引线接到永磁电机壳体的接线盒中的信号接插件上，信号接插件的另一端接到电机控制器；两组温度传感器中，A组是三个温度传感器并联，用来测量各相绕组温度，经过电机控制器对各相绕组温度信号进行处理，处理得到的温度值信号通过整车CAN通讯反馈到整车控制器；B组是三个温度传感器串联，用来测量各相绕组的温度变化率信号，经过电机控制器对温度变化率信号进行处理，处理得到的温度变化率信号通过CAN通讯反馈到整车控制器；当被反馈的温度值信号和温度变化率信号中的任一个达到整车故障设定值时，整车CAN通讯上报永磁同步电机过温故障，整车控制器即控制永磁同步电机及时将高压电断掉，保护永磁同步电机。 
CN2010105833723A 2010-12-13 2010-12-13 一种混合动力汽车的永磁同步电机温度测量方法 Active CN102096044B (zh)

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CN102507030A (zh) * 2011-10-19 2012-06-20 青岛科技大学 便携式电机堵转测温装置
CN106451860B (zh) * 2016-10-31 2018-01-26 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 永磁电机永磁磁极的监测装置及永磁磁极的压条
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