CN102095549A - System and method for testing saturated vapor pressure of mixed liquid fuel - Google Patents

System and method for testing saturated vapor pressure of mixed liquid fuel Download PDF

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CN102095549A
CN102095549A CN2010105369527A CN201010536952A CN102095549A CN 102095549 A CN102095549 A CN 102095549A CN 2010105369527 A CN2010105369527 A CN 2010105369527A CN 201010536952 A CN201010536952 A CN 201010536952A CN 102095549 A CN102095549 A CN 102095549A
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vapor pressure
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廖世勇
米林
石晓辉
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the fields of internal combustion engine engineering and fuel chemical technology, and more particularly, relates to the technical fields of discharge control for internal combustion engines and safe storage and transportation of fuel. The invention discloses a system and method for testing saturated vapor pressure of mixed liquid fuel. The test system comprises a sealed fuel container, a pressure tester, a heating device and a power source, wherein the top part of the sealed fuel container is provided with an opening which is sealed by a rubber plug, and a test probe of the pressure tester penetrates through the middle of the rubber plug to stretch into the sealed fuel container. By adopting the method provided by the invention for testing the saturated vapor pressure of mixed fuel, the advantages of simplicity, convenience and rapidity can be achieved, the calculation method is simple, the workload for test is reduced remarkably, the expenditure for setting up test equipment is low, the operation is simple, and the test cost is vastly lowered.

Description

A kind of mixed fluid fuel saturated vapor pressure test macro and method
Technical field
The invention belongs to internal-combustion engine engineering, the field of fuel oil chemical industry technology is as exploitation of internal combustion engine new combustion systems and emission control, the automotive fuel design, the fuel handling management, fuel physical property measurement and calculating etc. particularly relate to engine exhaust control and fuel oil safety in transportation and storage technical field.
Background technology
Current, along with the increase year by year of China's auto output and recoverable amount, in order to satisfy more and more stricter Abgasgesetz and to expand energy structure by all kinds of means, various alternative fuel blends are used on internal combustion engine widely.For conventional fuel oil-gasoline of internal combustion engine and diesel oil, all be with the liquid form accumulating and use.Therefore, realize quick substituting in order to be beneficial to, the mixing of liquid alternative fuel and gasoline or diesel oil burnt or the alternative fuel blend of many components multifuel combustion etc. in internal combustion engine utilizes mode to obtain praising highly the most widely.
The complexity of liquid fuel evaporation is called vapo(u)rability.Vapo(u)rability is one of most important characteristic of liquid fuel, and it not only will influence the storing safety of fuel, and to the usability of engine, for example uses startup, discharging and the economic performance of its engine, and direct relation is all arranged.Therefore, must carry out strict regulations and control to the vapo(u)rability of automobile-used fuel blend.
Saturated vapor pressure has been represented the ability of liquid evaporation and vaporization, is the important indicator of volatile liquid fuel vaporization evaluation.Vapour pressure is high more, shows more easily vaporization of liquid.The vapour pressure of fuel oil is big more, the easy more at low temperatures startup of internal combustion engine.But then, the vapour pressure of fuel oil is big more, and the tendency of light ends loss just strengthens when forming the possibility of vapour lock and accumulating in the oil-feed system, and vapour loss is also just big.If the vapour pressure of fuel oil for vehicles is excessive, when too high or ambient pressure significantly reduces at temperature, will form air-resistance phenomenon, cause engine oil deficiency or failure of oil feed.For these reasons, be necessary the vapour pressure characteristic of the alternative fuel blend of internal combustion engine liquid is studied.
Experiment test is direct method of obtaining the liquid substance saturated vapor pressure, but for complicated component liquid, the fuel blend saturated vapor pressure under test different pressures, the condition of different temperatures is a very huge experimental work.And the theoretical prediction of fuel saturated vapor pressure mainly is based on the numerical method of molecular theory.The characterisitic parameter that needs detailed grasp fuel composition key element and each key element thereof based on the numerical evaluation of molecular theory.This method is for one-component liquid, though the theory of computation and method complexity still have and apply possibility.And for many components liquid,, make that the application of this method on engineering do not praised highly because the detail knowledge of all composition characteristics of commingled system is had big difficulty.Therefore, it is particularly necessary that the experience Forecasting Methodology of setting up more quick, economic mixed fluid fuel just seems, applying and optimize engine design and the control discharge vaporization provides basic data for fuel blend.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of mixed fluid fuel saturated vapor pressure test macro and method.The basic theories of invention is an ideal solution Wilson equation, the saturated vapor pressure data point of the liquid combination by obtaining few several low concentration and high concentration ratio, use the vapor liquid equilibrium theoretical calculate to go out the fuel solution dilution activity coefficiet on this basis, and then solve correlation parameter in the fuel blend Wilson equation, finally can calculate the saturated vapor pressure of the fuel blend that obtains all concentration ratio.
A kind of mixed fluid fuel saturated vapor pressure test macro and method, its test macro comprises airtight fuel container, pressure tester, heating apparatus, power supply, airtight fuel container tip position is provided with opening, seal with rubber plug, the test probe of pressure tester passes in the middle of the rubber plug, extend in the airtight fuel container, heating apparatus has temperature controller and heating tank, by the temperature controller design temperature, be filled with water in the heating tank, airtight fuel container is placed on and adopts immersion method control temperature in the water of heating tank, by near the liquid fuel solutions saturated vapor pressure test end points concentration, adopts the simple linear regression analysis method to draw the slope at two-end-point place
Figure BSA00000338839500021
With the saturated vapor pressure of formula to calculating universe concentration range liquid fuel, concrete method of testing and step are as follows:
A. according to the Reid law regulation, 1: 4 (solution 1 of liquor capacity and empty volume ratio, space 4), dispose the extremely rare and utmost point to be tested fuel solution that thicks liquid, in the airtight fuel container of packing into, seal airtight fuel container mouth, the liquid level of liquid fuel solutions should be lower than the probe lower extreme point of pressure tester, the accuracy requirement of configuration solution concentration is not less than 99.5%, for non-normal temperature experiment test, uses heating apparatus to adopt immersion method control temperature;
B. according to Reid method testing standard, the configuration solution vapor is compressed into the row test;
C. repeating step a.～b. tests the vapour pressure of the liquid fuel solutions of 3-5 end points (0% and 100%) concentration range respectively;
D. remember respectively that 0% concentration end points and 100% concentration end points test data set are data set 1 and data set 2, wherein data set 1:x1 i, p1 i(i=1,2 ... ..5), data set 2:x2 i, p2 i(i=1,2 ... ..5), in the formula: x1, x2 represent the volumetric concentration of solution, and p1, p2 represent corresponding with it solution vapor pressure;
E. not quite interval in concentration change, note solution saturated vapor pressure satisfies unary linear relation p=B 0+ B 1X, B 0, B 1Be fitting constant,
Figure BSA00000338839500031
Figure BSA00000338839500032
In the formula
Figure BSA00000338839500033
Be x iMean value;
Figure BSA00000338839500034
Be p iMean value, k is the measuring point number;
F. the coefficient R of step e match check,
Figure BSA00000338839500035
If | R| 〉=0.95 an expression linear fit is effective, otherwise turns the concentration increase and decrease amplitude of proximal points concentration solution, repeated experiments test and linear fit program again down;
G. obtain proximal points concentration solution saturated vapor pressure curve
Figure BSA00000338839500036
Value is B 1
H. by the dilution activity coefficiet formula of ideal solution With
Figure BSA00000338839500038
Thereby can obtain the dilution activity coefficiet of component 1 and component 2 in the solution respectively
Figure BSA00000338839500039
With
Figure BSA000003388395000310
In the formula, subscript 0 expression component is in the pure state condition;
I. utilize the complete miscibility activity coefficient, Simultaneous Equations
Figure BSA00000338839500041
With
Figure BSA00000338839500042
Calculate the correlation parameter Λ in the Wilson Gibbs free energy equation 12And Λ 21
J. with the concentration value substitution system of equations of component 1 and component 2, ln γ 1 = - ln ( x 1 + Λ 12 x 2 ) + x 2 ( Λ 12 x 1 + Λ 12 x 2 - Λ 21 Λ 21 x 1 + x 2 ) With
Figure BSA00000338839500044
Just can calculate the activity coefficient γ of each component in the bipropellant combination system 1And γ 2
K. based on formula
Figure BSA00000338839500045
Thereby can obtain the saturated vapor pressure value of the mixed fuel solution system of universe concentration range.
Adopt the inventive method test mixing fuel saturated vapor pressure, simple and efficient, computing method are simple, reduced the test job amount significantly, and it is low, simple to operate that testing apparatus is built expense, greatly reduces testing cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a test system structure synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of computational analysis of the present invention
Obtain the dilution activity coefficiet of fuel blend component in the concrete calculated examples of Fig. 3 by the experiment test point
Gasoline and the activity coefficient of ethanol in fuel blend in the concrete calculated examples of Fig. 4
The vapour pressure in the full concentration of fuel blend territory in the concrete calculated examples of Fig. 5
Wherein, 1---airtight fuel container, 2---pressure tester, 3---pressure test probe, 4---heating apparatus, 5---power supply, 6---temperature controller, 7---liquid fuel solutions, 8---heating tank, 9---water.
Embodiment:
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment and Figure of description.Specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explaining the present invention, and is not used in qualification the present invention.
Specific embodiment:
The fuel blend utilization SYD-8017 type vapour-pressure test device that the absolute ethyl alcohol of 90 unleaded gasolinees and 99.7% is formed is tested the saturated vapor pressure of the ethanol/gasoline mixed fuel of variable concentrations ratio based on the Reid method.Select near the starting condition point of each 3 point (shown in Fig. 2 point) of the saturated vapor pressure array of ethanol content extremely dense and extremely rare two-end-point respectively for use as computational analysis, utilization monobasic linear fit, can draw end points place vapour pressure matched curve (shown in curve among Fig. 2), obtain
Figure BSA00000338839500052
Numerical values recited, and then utilize said method can obtain the activity coefficient of each component in the fuel blend system of all alcohol concentration range, the result as shown in Figure 3.As we can see from the figure, the variation tendency of the activity coefficient of each component is not identical in the binary mixed solution system.Ethanol petrol vapour pressure calculating value and experimental data have been carried out contrasting (Fig. 4).In general, result of calculation and experiment test result are quite identical, and as can be seen from the figure, the development trend of theoretical prediction vapour pressure and test gained vapour pressure is in full accord.Show that these computing method are comparatively reliable.
The present invention has compared following advantage with numerical method and direct experiment method of testing based on molecular theory:
(1) the hold-up vapour pressure numerical computation method generalized case based on molecular theory is only applicable to the simple substance liquid substance, because the basis that these computing method realize is that detailed understanding must be arranged the physical parameter of liquid components, and comparatively speaking, its calculation procedure is also very complicated.Obviously, this method for many components mixed fluid fuel since the uncertain and complicacy of component (such as gasoline, diesel oil, its component is very complicated, but also with the influence of all many-sided factors such as the place of production, the technological process of production), this method can't realize at all.
(2) the direct experiment method of testing of the saturated vapor pressure of liquid combination is the classic method of normal employing.The data that this method is obtained are accurate, but maximum problem can increase considerably along with the increase of the kind of test liquid fuel blend with regard to the cost that is to test.
And utilize the present invention, owing to effectively the part experiment test is combined with theoretical derivation, provide a kind of empirical method of new acquisition universe liquid combination saturated vapor pressure.Method has reduced the experimental work amount significantly, and computing method are simple relatively, thereby has application value comparatively widely.

Claims (3)

1. mixed fluid fuel saturated vapor pressure test macro and method, it is characterized in that described test macro comprises airtight fuel container, pressure tester, heating apparatus, power supply, described method of testing adopts the simple linear regression analysis method to draw the slope at two-end-point place for by near the liquid fuel solutions saturated vapor pressure test end points concentration
Figure FSA00000338839400011
Saturated vapor pressure with formula to calculating universe concentration range liquid fuel specifically may further comprise the steps:
A. according to the Reid law regulation, 1: 4 (solution 1 of liquor capacity and empty volume ratio, space 4), dispose the extremely rare and utmost point to be tested fuel solution that thicks liquid, in the airtight fuel container of packing into, seal airtight fuel container mouth, the liquid level of liquid fuel solutions should be lower than the test probe lower extreme point of pressure tester, the concentration accuracy requirement of configuration fuel solution is not less than 99.5%, for non-normal temperature experiment test, uses heating apparatus to adopt immersion method control temperature;
B. according to Reid method testing standard, the configuration solution vapor is compressed into the row test;
C. repeating step a.～b. tests the vapour pressure of the liquid fuel solutions of 3-5 end points (0% and 100%) concentration range respectively;
D. remember respectively that 0% concentration end points and 100% concentration end points test data set are data set 1 and data set 2, wherein data set 1:x1 i, p1 i(i=1,2 ... ..5), data set 2:x2 i, p2 i(i=1,2 ... ..5), in the formula: x1, x2 represent the volumetric concentration of solution, and p1, p2 represent corresponding with it solution vapor pressure;
E. not quite interval in concentration change, note solution saturated vapor pressure satisfies unary linear relation p=B 0+ B 1X, B 0, B 1Be fitting constant,
Figure FSA00000338839400012
Figure FSA00000338839400013
In the formula Be x iMean value;
Figure FSA00000338839400015
Be p iMean value, k is the measuring point number;
F. the coefficient R of step e match check,
Figure FSA00000338839400016
If | R| 〉=0.95 an expression linear fit is effective, otherwise turns the concentration increase and decrease amplitude of proximal points concentration solution, repeated experiments test and linear fit program again down;
G. obtain proximal points concentration solution saturated vapor pressure curve Value is B 1
H. by the dilution activity coefficiet formula of ideal solution With
Figure FSA00000338839400023
Thereby can obtain the dilution activity coefficiet of component 1 and component 2 in the solution respectively
Figure FSA00000338839400024
With
Figure FSA00000338839400025
In the formula, subscript 0 expression component is in the pure state condition;
I. utilize the complete miscibility activity coefficient, Simultaneous Equations
Figure FSA00000338839400026
With
Figure FSA00000338839400027
Calculate the correlation parameter Λ in the Wilson Gibbs free energy equation 12And Λ 21
J. with the concentration value substitution system of equations of component 1 and component 2,
ln γ 1 = - ln ( x 1 + Λ 12 x 2 ) + x 2 ( Λ 12 x 1 + Λ 12 x 2 - Λ 21 Λ 21 x 1 + x 2 ) With
Figure FSA00000338839400029
Just can calculate the activity coefficient γ of each component in the bipropellant combination system 1And γ 2
K. based on formula
Figure FSA000003388394000210
Thereby can obtain the saturated vapor pressure value of the mixed fuel solution system of universe concentration range.
2. test macro according to claim 1 is characterized in that airtight fuel container tip position is provided with two openings, seals with rubber plug, and the pressure test probe passes the rubber plug interstitial hole, extend in the airtight fuel container.
3. test macro according to claim 1, it is characterized in that heating apparatus has temperature controller and heating tank, by the temperature controller design temperature, be filled with water in the heating tank, airtight fuel container is placed in the water of heating tank, the temperature of regulating airtight fuel container and internal liquid fuel solution by the temperature of water in the control heating tank.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102607993A (en) * 2012-04-09 2012-07-25 上海化工研究院 Modularized vacuum system of saturated vapor pressure and solid density of tested substance and applications
CN104330328A (en) * 2014-10-22 2015-02-04 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Using method of device for testing saturated vapor pressure of liquid substance under high-temperature condition

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1019684A (en) * 1996-06-27 1998-01-23 Miura Co Ltd Temperature and pressure measuring device in pressure-reduced atmosphere
CN201138344Y (en) * 2007-12-15 2008-10-22 山西华顿实业有限公司 Reid saturated vapor pressure measurement mechanism
CN101539014A (en) * 2009-04-20 2009-09-23 辽河石油勘探局 Thick oil thermal extraction saturated steam flow metering method
CN101634599A (en) * 2009-08-17 2010-01-27 何志明 Measurement method of mercury vapor pressure

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1019684A (en) * 1996-06-27 1998-01-23 Miura Co Ltd Temperature and pressure measuring device in pressure-reduced atmosphere
CN201138344Y (en) * 2007-12-15 2008-10-22 山西华顿实业有限公司 Reid saturated vapor pressure measurement mechanism
CN101539014A (en) * 2009-04-20 2009-09-23 辽河石油勘探局 Thick oil thermal extraction saturated steam flow metering method
CN101634599A (en) * 2009-08-17 2010-01-27 何志明 Measurement method of mercury vapor pressure

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102607993A (en) * 2012-04-09 2012-07-25 上海化工研究院 Modularized vacuum system of saturated vapor pressure and solid density of tested substance and applications
CN104330328A (en) * 2014-10-22 2015-02-04 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Using method of device for testing saturated vapor pressure of liquid substance under high-temperature condition
CN104330328B (en) * 2014-10-22 2016-09-21 中国石油化工股份有限公司青岛安全工程研究院 A kind of using method of test liquid material saturated vapor pressure device under the high temperature conditions

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