CN102094923A - Producing method of shaft spring for railway vehicle - Google Patents
Producing method of shaft spring for railway vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN102094923A CN102094923A CN2010101431730A CN201010143173A CN102094923A CN 102094923 A CN102094923 A CN 102094923A CN 2010101431730 A CN2010101431730 A CN 2010101431730A CN 201010143173 A CN201010143173 A CN 201010143173A CN 102094923 A CN102094923 A CN 102094923A
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Abstract
The invention improves a producing method of a shaft spring for a railway vehicle, which can inhibit rubber materials from increasing due to that each goods has different parameters; reduces the possibility of an incorrect setting due to complex management, suits for a plurality of producing in small amount due to less materials; reduces management workload by using rubber materials with expected spring constant. An elastic part in a lamination rubber structure is clamped between a main shaft and an external cylinder having an axle center equal or approximately equal to he main shaft, forming the shaft spring. The elastic part is alternately laminated with a plurality of rubber layers and bulkheads in internal and external radial directions under the state that the elastic part is or approximately concentric to the axle center. The rubber layer is produced by using unvulcanized rubber which cooperates with a first unvulcanized rubber (g1) being as an unvulcanized rubber of a first rubber (G1) and a second unvulcanized rubber (g2) being as an unvulcanized rubber of a second rubber (G1), wherein the spring constant (K1) of the second rubber is smaller than that of the first rubber.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacture method of a kind of rail truck with the axle spring, this rail truck with the axle spring at main shaft with have the spring section that clamps the lamination rubber structure between the urceolus mutually identical or identical axle center substantially with main shaft and form, the spring section of this lamination rubber structure with the concentric or big body concentric state in above-mentioned axle center under in inward-outward direction radially alternately a plurality of rubber layers of lamination and hard next door.
Background technique
As this rail truck prior art example with the axle spring, the type of the known lamination rubber structure that shown in patent documentation 1, adopts straight cylinder like that or shown in patent documentation 2, adopt sectional shape to be the type (the axle spring that is called as what is called " conical brake ") of the lamination rubber structure of splayed shape earth tilt like that.
Because rail truck is set according to the specification of vehicle with the axle spring, so its employed rubber material is also determined by the specification of rail truck.Promptly be, in fact owing to cooperate the rubber material that forms whenever newly designing current all will the setting by new raw material, so it is not bad under mass-produced situation, but under the situation of the many kinds of produced in small quantities, the kind of its rubber material constantly increases, and mistake also might occur and set when management workload increases.
For example known just like patent documentation 3 disclosed like that with have rubber material that fatigue resistance or heat resistance are purpose or as patent documentation 4 is disclosed by adding the vibration-proof rubber that special compounding chemicals obtains high attenuation characteristic.
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2000-280903 communique
Patent documentation 2: TOHKEMY 2003-341511 communique
Patent documentation 3: TOHKEMY 2003-321575 communique
Patent documentation 4: TOHKEMY 2002-265679 communique
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide the manufacture method of a kind of improved rail truck with the axle spring, by suppressing to cause the possibility of mistake setting owing to the kind of rubber raw materials is increased to every kind of commodity parameter difference, the management service change is miscellaneous etc., even if raw material still less also can be suitable for a small amount of many variety production, also be difficult for increasing management workload when having the rubber material of desirable spring constant, what mistake was set may also reduce.
The rail truck of the invention of the first aspect manufacture method of axle spring, this rail truck with the axle spring at main shaft 1 with have the spring section 3 that clamps the lamination rubber structure between the urceolus 2 mutually identical with it or identical axle center P substantially and form, this spring section 3 with the concentric or big body concentric state of described axle center P under in inward-outward direction radially alternately a plurality of rubber layers 4 of lamination and hard next door 5, it is characterized in that
Use is not vulcanized mixed rubber bg and is made described rubber layer 4, this do not vulcanize mixed rubber in accordance with regulations ratio cooperated as the first half finished rubber g1 of the not sulfided state rubber of the first rubber G1 with as the second half finished rubber g2 of the not sulfided state rubber of the second rubber G2, this second rubber G2 has the little spring constant K2 of spring constant K1 that is had than the described first rubber G1.
The invention of second aspect in the manufacture method of the described rail truck of first aspect with the axle spring, as described first half finished rubber g1 and the described second half finished rubber g2, is used the mutual different half finished rubber of use level of bulking agent and/or tenderer.
The invention of the third aspect, in the manufacture method of the described rail truck of second aspect with the axle spring, use carbon black as described bulking agent, use aromatic naphtha as described tenderer, as the described first half finished rubber g1, using in the rubber raw materials amount is that 100 o'clock amount of carbon blacks and aromatic hydrocarbons oil mass are respectively 40 and 5 half finished rubber, and, as the described second half finished rubber g2, using in the rubber raw materials amount is that 100 o'clock amount of carbon blacks and aromatic hydrocarbons oil mass are respectively 70 and 0 half finished rubber.
The invention of fourth aspect, first to the third aspect in the manufacture method of each described rail truck with the axle spring, as the described mixed rubber bg that do not vulcanize, the cooperation ratio that uses the described first half finished rubber g1 be 100%～80% and the cooperation ratio of the described second half finished rubber g2 be 0%～20% not sulfuration mixed rubber.
The invention of the 5th aspect, first to the third aspect in the manufacture method of each described rail truck with the axle spring, as the described mixed rubber bg that do not vulcanize, the cooperation ratio that uses the described first half finished rubber g1 be 60%～40% and the cooperation ratio of the described second half finished rubber g2 be 40%～60% not sulfuration mixed rubber.
The invention of the 6th aspect, first to the third aspect in the manufacture method of each described rail truck with the axle spring, as the described mixed rubber bg that do not vulcanize, the cooperation ratio that uses the described first half finished rubber g1 be 20%～0% and the cooperation ratio of the described second half finished rubber g2 be 80%～100% not sulfuration mixed rubber.
The invention of first aspect is to use the method that mixed rubber is made rubber layer of not vulcanizing that has cooperated two kinds of different mutually half finished rubbers of sulfuration rear spring constant with requirement ratio, promptly is to mix the method for recently making the rubber with desirable spring constant by changing.As the rubber material of preparing only is that first big half finished rubber of sulfuration rear spring constant and the second little half finished rubber of sulfuration rear spring constant get final product for these two kinds, sets the way that its proportions of ingredients (cooperation ratio) is made the rubber layer (rubber) with desirable spring constant by regulating.
That is to say, only just can make the mutual different multiple rubber of various parameters such as spring constant by managing two kinds of half finished rubbers and ratio of mixture thereof.Its result, the manufacture method of improved rail truck with the axle spring can be provided, by suppressing to cause the possibility of mistake setting owing to the kind of rubber raw materials is increased to every kind of commodity parameter difference, the management service change is miscellaneous etc., even if raw material still less also can be suitable for a small amount of many variety production, also be difficult for increasing management workload when having the rubber material of desirable spring constant, what mistake was set may also reduce.
As half finished rubber, as second aspect, can use the mutual different half finished rubber of use level of bulking agent and/or tenderer.At this moment, as the third aspect, if being that the half finished rubber of 40 weight portions and 5 weight portions is made as first half finished rubber separately as the amount of carbon blacks of an example of bulking agent with as the aromatic hydrocarbons oil mass of an example of tenderer, and 70 and 0 the half finished rubber of will respectively doing for oneself is made as second half finished rubber, is exactly suitable.
As fourth aspect, the cooperation ratio of first half finished rubber is that the cooperation ratio of 100%～80% and second half finished rubber is that 0%～20% rubber for example can use in the axle spring at the low speed rail truck, as the 5th aspect, the cooperation ratio of first half finished rubber is that the cooperation ratio of 60%～40% and second half finished rubber is that 40%～60% rubber for example can use in the axle spring at the middling speed rail truck, as the 6th aspect, the cooperation ratio of first half finished rubber is that the cooperation ratio of 20%～0% and second half finished rubber is that 80%～100% rubber for example can use in the axle spring at the rapid transit railway vehicle.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of expression rail truck with the axle spring.
Fig. 2 is the planimetric map of the rail truck of Fig. 1 with the axle spring.
Fig. 3 is the figure of the material composition table of first and second half finished rubber of expression.
Fig. 4 is the signal process flow chart of expression rail truck with the major component of the manufacture method of axle spring.
Fig. 5 is the figure of mixing ratio counting rate meter of expression embodiment's 1～6 rubber layer.
Description of reference numerals
1 ... main shaft; 2 ... urceolus; 3 ... spring section; 4 ... rubber layer; 5 ... the hard next door; A ... a rail truck axle spring; G1 ... first rubber; G2 ... second rubber; K1 ... the spring constant of first rubber; K2 ... the spring constant of second rubber; P ... the axle center; Bg ... do not vulcanize mixed rubber; G1 ... first half finished rubber; G2 ... second half finished rubber.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing the mode of execution of rail truck of the present invention with axle spring and manufacture method thereof described.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, rail truck constitutes with axle spring A to have: main shaft 1, urceolus 2 with the vertical axis P of identical mutually with main shaft 1 (or substantially identical), form with the state of vertical axis P concentric (or cardinal principle is concentric) under inward-outward direction radially alternately three layers of rubber layer 4 of lamination and two-layer hard next door (metal ring) 5 the lamination rubber structure, be installed in the spring section 3 between main shaft 1 and the urceolus 2.Adopt under the situation of lamination rubber structure in this inside and outside, spring section 3 radially, the number in hard next door 5 is that the number of rubber layer 4 subtracts 1 value.
Inboard hard next door 5 ratio axle top 1A are positioned at high slightly position, hard next door, the outside 5 is positioned at high slightly position than inboard hard next door 5 and urceolus 2 is positioned at high slightly ground, position with the state configuration in the position deflection of vertical axis P direction than hard next door, the outside 5.At the peripheral part of urceolus 2, be formed for embedding the embedding part 6 of chassis frame (omitting diagram).Axle top 1A, inside and outside hard next door 5,5, urceolus 2 and the inboard rubber layer 4, intermediate rubber layer 4 and the outside rubber layer 4 that are installed between them are bonding and integrated by sulfuration described later.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the inner peripheral surface 2a of the outer circumferential face of main shaft 1 (axle top 1A outer circumferential face) 1a, spring section 3 and urceolus 2 forming along the sectional shape on the direction (in Fig. 1, being above-below direction) of axle center P mutually identical separately towards the splayed shape that gathers together enough.In addition, constitute the rail truck axle spring A of the circular cone lamination rubber structure (conical brake structure) with mortar shape recess 21, this mortar shape recess 21 is disposing near its path side along relative main shaft 1 on the direction of axle center P and urceolus 2 is being formed along 3 close its path side configurations of relative resilient portion on the direction of axle center P by making spring section 3.
Then, rubber material and the manufacture method thereof that is used for rubber layer 4 described.Rubber material of the present invention is such manufacture method, promptly, prepare gradation composition different mutually two kinds of half finished rubber g1, g2 and become different rubber material mutually with the spring constant that forms after vulcanizing, mixing these the first half finished rubber g1 and the second half finished rubber g2 with Sq at every turn, vulcanize afterwards, make rubber layer 4 thus with desirable spring constant.
Promptly, use has been cooperated as the first half finished rubber g1 of the not sulfided state rubber of the first rubber G1 with as the not sulfuration mixed rubber bg of the second half finished rubber g2 of the not sulfided state rubber of the second rubber G2 with the little spring constant K2 of the spring constant K1 that had than the first rubber G1 by requirement ratio, just vulcanizes and makes rubber layer 4.
Like that, the material composition of the first half finished rubber g1 is with respect to the natural rubber (NR as robber materials shown in the table of gradation composition example as shown in Figure 3; Rss#3) be 100, Zinc Oxide is 5, and stearic acid is 1, and microcrystalline wax is 1, and age resister is 2, is 40 as the carbon black (N550) of bulking agent one example, is 5 as the aromatic naphtha of tenderer one example, and sulphur is 1.5, and promoter is 1.5.In addition, the material composition of the second half finished rubber g2 is with respect to natural rubber (NR; Rss#3) be 100, Zinc Oxide is 5, and stearic acid is 1, and microcrystalline wax is 1, and age resister is 2, and carbon black (N550) is 70, and aromatic naphtha is 0, and sulphur is 1.5, and promoter is 1.5.In addition, above-mentioned gradation composition is an example, can carry out various changes.In addition, as robber materials, natural rubber or synthetic rubber all can.
Signal process flow as shown in Figure 4 is such, as if the words that the first half finished rubber g1 is vulcanized, then forming spring constant is first rubber (rubber products of rubber layer etc.) of K1, if to second half finished rubber g2 sulfuration, then form spring constant and be K2 (second rubber (rubber products of rubber layer etc.) of K1＞K2).In addition, in order to make rubber layer 4, carry out compounding operation, promptly, take out according to the regulation that is used to obtain desirable spring constant and cooperate the first half finished rubber g1 of the unit quantity that ratio obtains, the i.e. first half finished rubber g1 of first established amount, take out the second half finished rubber g2 of the unit quantity of obtaining according to the regulation cooperation ratio that is used to obtain desirable spring constant, the i.e. second half finished rubber g2 of second established amount simultaneously.
In addition, the mixed processes that carries out, that is, first half finished rubber g1 of first established amount that mixing is taken out and the second half finished rubber g2 of second established amount make and do not vulcanize mixed rubber bg.After this, wait the vulcanization process that vulcanizes, make the rubber layer 4 of the spring constant Ks with regulation by making this not vulcanize mixed rubber bg inflow forming die.The cooperation ratio (ratio of mixture) of the first half finished rubber g1 and the second half finished rubber g2 is obtained according to the rail truck that becomes design object.Promptly be, ratio of mixture determined by the quality that requires of rail truck, determines ratio of mixture (cooperation ratio) by the management standard of separately spring constant.Therefore, can suitably change the adjustment ratio of mixture according to spring constant.
As bulking agent, except that carbon black, also can be the white series bulking agent of silica or precipitated calcium carbonate etc.As tenderer, except that aromatic naphtha, can be paraffinic oil, naphthene series's oil, the plasticizer that uses as rubber uses.Also can use rubber with resin (bonding pay agent) as the gradation composition of half finished rubber.In addition, the kind of carbon black is that N220～N770 is desirable, when using the particle diameter kind time-like littler than N550, then can obtain with little weight and equal spring performance when using N550.On the contrary, when using the particle diameter kind time-like bigger than N550, then CB (carbon black) amount increases.
[embodiment 1]
[embodiment 2]
[embodiment 3]
[embodiment 4]
[embodiment 5]
[embodiment 6]
Embodiment 6 rubber layer 4 as shown in Figure 5, using the amount that is made as 0: second half finished rubber g2 as the amount that cooperates ratio (ratio of mixture) with the first half finished rubber g1 is 100 not sulfuration mixed rubber bg.By to this second half finished rubber g2 sulfuration, can make rubber layer 4 with desirable spring constant Ks=60.
Rail truck rubber layer 4, that have than higher spring constant with embodiment 1 or 2 uses as the slow-moving vehicle purposes with axle spring A, and rail truck rubber layer 4, that have lower spring constant with embodiment 5 or 6 uses as the hot-short purposes with axle spring A.In addition, rail truck rubber layer 4, that have the middle springs constant with embodiment 3 or 4 uses as the middling speed vehicular applications with axle spring A.At this moment, in the country (for example China) of regulation, slow-moving vehicle is meant that maximum speed is the following vehicle of 90km/h, and the middling speed vehicle is meant that maximum speed is the following vehicle of 130km/h, and hot-short is meant that maximum speed is the following vehicle of 160km/h.
As described above, in the manufacture method of rail truck of the present invention with the axle spring, it is characterized in that, use and not vulcanize mixed rubber bg and make rubber layer 4, this does not vulcanize mixed rubber bg and has mixed as the first half finished rubber g1 of the not sulfided state rubber of the first rubber G1 with as the second half finished rubber g2 of the not sulfided state rubber of the second rubber G2 with the little spring constant K2 of the spring constant K1 that had than the first rubber G1 with requirement ratio.Rail truck with the axle spring at aspects such as riding comforts at every kind of various spring constants of set vehicle, all needing time and labor aspect the cooperation exploitation at every turn, but by of the present invention the mixing with appropriate amount cooperate mutual two kinds of different half finished rubber manufacturings to have the viewpoint of the rubber of any spring constant at every turn, can alleviate time and labour epoch-makingly, and can provide the product that needs various spring constants with stable quality by the optimum cure condition.
In order to mix first and second half finished rubber, can utilize closed die, kneading mould, interior stirring mould etc. to mix, be desirable but reduce discharge temperature.Certainly, also can be to use the open type roller mixing, used the mixing of the roller of belt stirrer.
[other embodiments]
Material composition as the first half finished rubber g1, can use at robber materials is respectively do for oneself material in the scope of 30～50 weight portions, 0～10 weight portion of 100 o'clock bulking agents and/or tenderer, as the material composition of the second half finished rubber g2, can use at robber materials is respectively do for oneself material in the scope of 60～80 weight portions, 0～10 weight portion of 100 o'clock bulking agents and/or tenderer.
[supplementary notes]
Rail truck requires to satisfy the design philosophy (riding comfort, stability) of its side of buying (rail truck manufactory) or the specification of being determined by circuit with the axle spring.Its main key element is a spring constant, requires the spring constant that is used to support vehicle weight (bearing axle) and improves riding comfort.Is the spring of circular cone lamination rubber (example of lamination rubber structure) formula at the rail truck shown in Fig. 1,2 with axle spring A, and each rubber layer undertakes spring and axle box supports this two kinds of effects.Under the situation that adopts circular cone lamination rubber, setting is linear best spring constant in from zero load to fully loaded scope basically.When rail truck is weaved into, have the vehicle of drive unit and do not influence a spring, be the support load of each rubber layer owing to existing with the vehicle of drive unit, so also low weight to weight sometimes vehicle (not with the vehicle of drive unit etc.) is set little (low) axle spring of spring constant for, the vehicle heavier to weight (having the vehicle of drive unit etc.) set big (high) axle spring of spring constant for.In addition, such setting is also arranged in general, promptly, establish height for mostly being the spring constant that commuter train that everybody takes or suburban train handles such as (slow-moving vehicles) can bear heavy load, for staffing by bus the passenger vehicles etc. of following long distance running spring constant is established low because of paying attention to riding comfort, establish spring constant for the middle distance train and be intermediate value in their centres.
Like this, the rail truck spring constant of axle spring, consider by the influence (stability of advancing, curve negotiating) of the weight of the rail truck that is suitable for (powered vehicle, non-powered vehicle, fully loaded, unloaded frequency etc.), gait of march (start, stop), circuit, track etc., and (rail truck manufactory) set in the side of buying by Security, riding comfort, other principal element.As other principal element is vehicle movement or derailing coefficient etc., determines spring constant as the analog result alone of considering these, with it as requirement to axle spring manufactory (the applicant).Therefore, axle spring manufactory need make the product that has from the desired spring constant in the side of buying respectively, promptly extremely multiple rail truck is with a spring, and this is so far to expect background of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a rail truck is with the manufacture method of axle spring, this rail truck with the axle spring at main shaft with have the spring section that clamps the lamination rubber structure between the urceolus mutually identical or identical axle center substantially with main shaft and form, the spring section of this lamination rubber structure with the concentric or big body concentric state in described axle center under in inward-outward direction radially alternately a plurality of rubber layers of lamination and hard next door, it is characterized in that
Use is not vulcanized mixed rubber and is made described rubber layer, this do not vulcanize mixed rubber in accordance with regulations ratio cooperated as first half finished rubber of the not sulfided state rubber of first rubber with as second half finished rubber of the not sulfided state rubber of second rubber, described second rubber has the little spring constant of spring constant that is had than described first rubber.
2. rail truck as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that with the manufacture method of axle spring, as described first half finished rubber and described second half finished rubber, uses the mutual different half finished rubber of use level of bulking agent and/or tenderer.
3. the rail truck as claimed in claim 2 manufacture method of axle spring, it is characterized in that, use carbon black as described bulking agent, use aromatic naphtha as described tenderer, as described first half finished rubber, using in the rubber raw materials amount is that 100 o'clock amount of carbon blacks and aromatic hydrocarbons oil mass are respectively 40 and 5 half finished rubber, and, as described second half finished rubber, using in the rubber raw materials amount is that 100 o'clock amount of carbon blacks and aromatic hydrocarbons oil mass are respectively 70 and 0 half finished rubber.
4. as each described rail truck axle method for manufacturing spring in the claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, as the described mixed rubber that do not vulcanize, the cooperation ratio that uses described first half finished rubber be 100%～80% and the cooperation ratio of described second half finished rubber be 0%～20% not sulfuration mixed rubber.
5. as each described rail truck axle method for manufacturing spring in the claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, as the described mixed rubber that do not vulcanize, the cooperation ratio that uses described first half finished rubber be 60%～40% and the cooperation ratio of described second half finished rubber be 40%～60% not sulfuration mixed rubber.
6. as each described rail truck axle method for manufacturing spring in the claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, as the described mixed rubber that do not vulcanize, the cooperation ratio that uses described first half finished rubber be 20%～0% and the cooperation ratio of described second half finished rubber be 80%～100% not sulfuration mixed rubber.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009-283941 | 2009-12-15 | ||
| JP2009283941A JP2011127628A (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2009-12-15 | Method for manufacturing shaft spring for railroad vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102094923A true CN102094923A (en) | 2011-06-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101431730A Pending CN102094923A (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2010-03-29 | Producing method of shaft spring for railway vehicle |
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| CN (1) | CN102094923A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000280903A (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2000-10-10 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Axle box support device for railway rolling stock |
| JP2003321575A (en) * | 2002-02-27 | 2003-11-14 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd | Rubber composition |
| JP2003341511A (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2003-12-03 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Bogie for railway vehicle, and method for preventing settling of axial spring of bogie for railway vehicle |
| US20060096696A1 (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2006-05-11 | Bridgestone Corporation | Method and apparatus for the lamination of band-shaped uncured rubber materials |
| JP3912018B2 (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2007-05-09 | 東海ゴム工業株式会社 | Low dynamic springs-anti-vibration rubber with high damping characteristics |
| JP4030412B2 (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2008-01-09 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | Rubber composition for highly attenuated laminate and rubber laminate using the rubber composition |
-
2009
- 2009-12-15 JP JP2009283941A patent/JP2011127628A/en active Pending
-
2010
- 2010-03-29 CN CN2010101431730A patent/CN102094923A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060096696A1 (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2006-05-11 | Bridgestone Corporation | Method and apparatus for the lamination of band-shaped uncured rubber materials |
| JP2000280903A (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2000-10-10 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Axle box support device for railway rolling stock |
| JP3912018B2 (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2007-05-09 | 東海ゴム工業株式会社 | Low dynamic springs-anti-vibration rubber with high damping characteristics |
| JP2003321575A (en) * | 2002-02-27 | 2003-11-14 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd | Rubber composition |
| JP2003341511A (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2003-12-03 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Bogie for railway vehicle, and method for preventing settling of axial spring of bogie for railway vehicle |
| JP4030412B2 (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2008-01-09 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | Rubber composition for highly attenuated laminate and rubber laminate using the rubber composition |
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| JP2011127628A (en) | 2011-06-30 |
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Application publication date: 20110615 |