CN102094104A - Process for removing dust from steelmaking converter flue gas by pure dry method and recovering heat energy synchronously, and waste heat boiler - Google Patents
Process for removing dust from steelmaking converter flue gas by pure dry method and recovering heat energy synchronously, and waste heat boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN102094104A CN102094104A CN2010106034982A CN201010603498A CN102094104A CN 102094104 A CN102094104 A CN 102094104A CN 2010106034982 A CN2010106034982 A CN 2010106034982A CN 201010603498 A CN201010603498 A CN 201010603498A CN 102094104 A CN102094104 A CN 102094104A
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for removing dust from steelmaking converter flue gas by a pure dry method and recovering heat energy synchronously, and a waste heat boiler. The process comprises the following steps of: introducing the converter flue gas into a vertical flue anti-explosion waste heat boiler from an outlet on the tail section of a vaporization gas hood, reducing the flue gas temperature to below 200 DEG C from 800-1,000 DEG C, and converting the heat energy of high-temperature flue gas into steam in the process; introducing the flue gas of which the temperature is reduced into a circulation cyclone dust remover to reduce the content of the dust in the flue gas to below 200mg/m<3>; introducing the flue gas subjected to primary dust removal into a horizontal cylindrical electric dust remover to reduce the content of the dust in the flue gas to 10mg/m<3>; and mixing and pelleting furnace dust separated by the dust remover, and returning to a converter for smelting so as to recycle the furnace dust. The process has the advantages that: the dust is removed by the pure dry method, water is not consumed, the converter flue gas can be cooled in one step, and the flue gas temperature is reduced to below 200 DEG C from 800-1,000 DEG C; and the flue gas is purified in one step, the dust concentration of the flue gas is reduced to below 10mg/m<3> from 80-150mg/m<3>, and the waste heat of the flue gas is recovered.
Description
One, technical field:
The present invention relates to the pure dry method dust of a kind of steel-making converter flue gas and synchronous energy recovery technology and waste heat boiler, particularly the dry method dust of steel-making converter and electric furnace belongs to the dry dedusting technology field.
Two, background technology:
1, converter steelmaking overview
Steel-making converter is meant top-blown oxygen converter, contains top and bottom combined blown converter.At present, blast-meltedly carry out Converter Oxigen Blowing steel-making and become main process for making, national converter has hundreds of seats, converter year output of steel reached more than 300,000,000 tons.
Converter along with being blown into of oxygen, produces a large amount of flue gases in smelting process, be referred to as furnace gas in stove.Furnace gas is called the flue gas host system through what vaporization gas hood entered dust-removal system; The flue gas that escapes from fire door and other position is called subsystem, also is secondary smoke.The flue gas of host system after purifying, CO＞30%, O2＜2%, be called coal gas of converter, enter converter gas cabinet; CO＜30%, O2＞2%, be called waste gas, the diffusing tower that veers away diffuses.
Converter is in smelting cycle, and exhaust gas volumn is very big, and exhaust gas volumn is about the 600NM3/t steel; Temperature is very high in the stove, the highlyest surpasses 1600 ℃, causes its flue-gas temperature also very high, to the outlet of vaporization gas hood III section, promptly enter dust-removal system before, 800～1000 ℃ of cigarette Wen Gaoda.Dustiness is very high in the flue gas, reaches 80～150g/m
3, the instantaneous sometimes 200g/m that reaches
3Therefore, no matter be to reclaim coal gas or diffuse all necessary udst separation.
2, existing method for treating converter flue gas
At present, converter gas purification processing both at home and abroad has two kinds of technologies:
First kind of Japanese Nippon Steel and Kawasaki company develop jointly the converter coal gas purification technology of succeeding in developing the sixties, be called " OG " method, be after flue gas comes out from the vaporization gas hood latter end, be introduced into " one-level Venturi meter " fly-ash separator, enter " secondary Venturi meter " fly-ash separator then, water drops to 73～65 ℃ with the cigarette temperature from 800～1000 ℃, and dustiness is by 80～150g/m
3Reduce to 100mg/m
3Below, carry out coal-gas recovering then or diffuse.This technical process is called wet dedusting technology, and the advantage of this technology is that security of system is reliable; Shortcoming is that water loss is very big, and about 3～5 tons of water of steel per ton are example with the 80t converter, and hourly consumption reaches 300～500t, and the sewage sludge treatment capacity is big, need establish huge treatment system, and energy consumption height and environmental pollution are serious.
Second kind is that Thyssen company and LURGI developed jointly at the converter gas dry method dedusting technology at the end of the sixties.Be called for short " LT " method.System mainly is made up of evaporative cooler, electrostatic precipitator and gas cooler, after this flow process flue gas comes out from the vaporization gas hood latter end, be introduced into evaporative cooler, adopt two media (steam and water) that flue gas is reduced to 200 ℃ from 800～1000 ℃, advance electric precipitator, dust content is dropped to 10mg/m
3, carry out coal-gas recovering then or diffuse.Be in the popularization broadened application in the whole nation and the whole world.Its water loss is lower, and the about 0.5～1.0t of steel water consumption per ton has cancelled huge water treatment system, and stove dirt is dry powder.But investment is high, management in service and operational requirement height.
3, the shortcoming of existing method for treating converter flue gas
In the method that existing converter gas is handled, be that " OG " method or " LT " method all exist the common shortcoming, promptly all need to spray into a large amount of water and come cooled flue gas, thereby cause:
(1) 800～1000 ℃ fume high-temperature sensible heat can not be recycled.
800～1000 ℃ of converter fume high-temperature sensible heat amounts:
Converter gas exports from fire door to the vaporization gas hood latter end, and the cigarette temperature drops to 900 ℃ from 1600 ℃, and the temperature difference is 700 ℃, and this belongs to the heat energy that converter installation itself reclaims; Flue gas enters dust-removal system, by the water spray, with the cigarette temperature from 900 ℃ will be to 200 ℃, the temperature difference also is 700 ℃, reclaims the heat energy of these 700 ℃ of temperature difference, is equivalent to 45% of the recyclable total heat energy of converter gas, the ton steel be about 300,000 KJ.
When (2) spraying water cooled flue gas, water becomes steam, is taken away the waste great lot of water resources by flue gas.
Converter gas water-spraying evaporation amount:
The cooling one of converter gas is the latent heat of vaporization by water evaporation, the 2nd, heat up by water, and water itself be limited with heat.According to calculating and actual measurement, the 80t converter, every stove steel evaporation is about 32t water, about 380,000 tons of year evaporated water.
(3) steam of water spray back generation has increased exhaust gas volumn, and follow-up dust removal installation investment increases, and working cost increases, and the blower fan power consumption increases.
The increasing amount of converter gas water spray back volume:
The steam that converter gas produces when spray cooling enters dust-removal system with flue gas, diffuses with waste gas through blower fan.Under the negative pressure operating mode, ton water vapor volume is about 2000m
3, account for 1/3 of flue gas operating mode volume.
(4) the direct trans-utilization of stove dirt.
Three, summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind of international and domestic 800～1000 ℃ of fume high-temperature sensible heats of converter that are regarded as at present recycling are changed into the vapor recovery utilization with upright chimney flue type antiknock type waste heat boiler; And realize the pure dry method dust of steel-making converter flue gas and synchronous energy recovery technology and waste heat boiler with upright chimney flue type antiknock type waste heat boiler cooling down high-temperature flue gas.
The pure dry method dust of steel-making converter flue gas of the present invention with synchronous energy recovery technology is:
Converter gas enters upright chimney flue type explosion-proof type waste heat boiler from vaporization gas hood latter end outlet, and the cigarette temperature is reduced to below 200 ℃ from 800～1000 ℃, and the heat energy with high-temperature flue gas in this technological process is converted into steam, realizes the flue gas heat energy recycle; Flue gas after the cooling enters fly-ash separator---circumfluent cyclone just, and dust content is reduced to 200mg/m
3Below; Flue gas after the dedusting just enters horizontal round shape electric precipitator, makes dust content drop to 10mg/m
3, finish smart dedusting; The isolating stove dirt of fly-ash separator returns converter smelting through batching, system ball, realizes the furnace dust resources utilization.
The key equipment of realizing technology of the present invention is a waste heat boiler:
800～1000 ℃ of fume high-temperature sensible heats of converter reclaim, and can only adopt the indirect type type of cooling of not spraying water by the heat exchange rule---the heat exchange of waste heat boiler convection type.Corresponding converter gas has three difficult points: the one, and converter gas dust content height---easily stop up exhaust gases passes; The 2nd, converter gas contains high CO---easily produce blast; The 3rd, converter gas temperature, smoke components, dust concentration, flue dust composition, stove grit degree are with the smelting cycle variation---easily damage boiler.
The present invention from prevent exhaust gases passes stop up to select the waste heat boiler type, from the explosion-proof design waste heat boiler of antiknock structure, improve afterheat boiler system from anti-oxygen corrosion and Recycle design, thereby break through the restricted link of converter gas.
For this reason, the invention provides a kind of upright flue type residual heat boiler for the recovery of converter fume high-temperature sensible heat.
One of key that the converter fume high-temperature sensible heat reclaims is that the converter gas dustiness is up to 80～150g/m
3, the exhaust-heat boiler flue gas passage is not blocked.In the waste heat boiler and purge mode thereof of all polymorphic types, fall ball for vertical, heating surface laterally, heat transfer tube dust stratification layer is the most effective at the deashing of the pipe first half, upright flue type residual heat boiler is the waste heat boiler that can realize not stopping up exhaust gases passes at high dust.
Two of the key that the converter fume high-temperature sensible heat reclaims is that converter gas contains CO, and waste heat boiler must be not quick-fried safely.The present invention does serial innovative design to upright flue type residual heat boiler, makes it to become hermetically sealed, antiknock, explosion-proof type waste heat boiler.
It is the unsteady state of converter gas---periodical changes that the converter fume high-temperature sensible heat reclaims three of key, comprise flue-gas temperature, smoke components, dust concentration, smoke granularity, flue dust composition, particularly under the violent varying duty of flue-gas temperature and composition, make it to become adaptation instability smoke and waste steam boiler by innovative design.
By above-mentioned design of the present invention, make this high temperature modification, hermetically sealed, the upright flue type residual heat boiler of antiknock explosion-proof type become top-blown oxygen converter cooling down high-temperature flue gas (coal gas) synchronously sensible heat reclaim boiler dedicated.
This upright flue type boiler should have following characteristics:
* be suitable for converter fume high-temperature (800～1000 ℃)---high temperature modification boiler; (coventional type 550-700 ℃).
* be suitable for coal gas of converter---fully-closed, antiknock, explosion-proof type boiler; (coventional type semi-hermetic type).
* be suitable for converter gas temperature, smoke components, stove dust concentration, stove grit degree, stove dirt composition periodical change---flue gas unsteady state boiler.(coventional type flue gas steady state)
Using this boiler carries out modification to converter gas effectively and handles: with the converter high-temperature flue gas become low-temperature flue gas, flue gas operating mode volume will dwindle 40%; Reclaim the fume high-temperature sensible heat synchronously.
Waste heat boiler of the present invention is realized in the following manner:
Waste heat boiler of the present invention comprises the external support structure of body of heater and body of heater, it is characterized in that: body of heater is axial tubular, the body of heater cross section is a rectangle, at four angles of body of heater an air-cooled column of quadrate is arranged respectively, between four air-cooled columns furnace wall is set, furnace wall is made of stove interior wall and stove exterior wall, the stove interior wall, the stove exterior wall is the steel plate welding, the middle buffering insulation insulation layer of filling, at the stove interior wall, be provided with between the stove exterior wall be connected with air-cooled column laterally and upright to " # " font stiffening web, two adjacent faces at the stove interior wall have pattern wall and tubular type wall to constitute respectively, top at body of heater is provided with drum, be connected with upcast and downtake on the drum, in body of heater, be provided with the top vaporizer from top to bottom, the middle part vaporizer, economizer, at the top of body of heater vaporizer is to be connected with into mouth, the passage that enters as flue gas, the top vaporizer, the middle part vaporizer, economizer connects by furnace wall, vaporizer, economizer inside is exhaust gases passes, the boiler middle and lower part is provided with working shaft and vacuum dust cather, for boiler supplies deaerated water, working shaft and vacuum dust cather pipe connection, vacuum dust cather is by pipeline and economizer, vaporizer connects, on body of heater, in, the bottom is equipped with totally 5 groups of safety relief valve, guarantees safe and reliable; Vaporizer, economizer inside are staggeredly equipped with boi1er tube, and the boi1er tube of vaporizer, economizer bottom is connected with header tank, give boiler water supply; The top boi1er tube is connected with steam manifold, and steam manifold is connected with upcast delivers to drum with steam, is provided with pipe in the bottom of body of heater; The external support structure of body of heater comprises that the upright beam of the master by four jiaos that is installed in the body of heater outside is the skeleton construction that supports, and be contact with main upright beam, laterally establish 6-8 layer platform, every layer of platform by level in length and breadth beam and ring beam be connected with the air-cooled column of four jiaos in boiler, form stable rising structure.
Above-mentioned waste heat boiler is furnished with the ball of falling soot cleaning system.
Advantage of the present invention is: dust removal process is pure dry method dust, and consume water can not settle the converter gas cooling at one go, and flue-gas temperature is reduced to below 200 ℃ from 800～1000 ℃; Gas cleaning settles at one go, makes dust contained flue gas concentration from 80～150g/m
3Drop to 10mg/m
3Below; And, be converted into steam with high-temperature flue gas heat energy, realize flue gas waste heat recovery.
Four, description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of pure dry method dust of steel-making converter flue gas of the present invention and synchronous energy recovery technology;
The synoptic diagram of Fig. 2 equipment that to be the pure dry method dust of steel-making converter flue gas adopted with energy recovery technology synchronously;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of waste heat boiler;
Fig. 4 is that the A-A of Fig. 3 is to view;
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram of waste heat boiler furnace wall;
Fig. 6 is a waste heat boiler body of heater cut-away view.
Among the figure: 1---converter, 2---upright flue type residual heat boiler, 3---the circulation tornado dust collector, 4---horizontal type electric dust collector, 5---chimney, 6---gas chamber, 7---the ball soot cleaning system that falls, 8---drum, 9---I level storage ball storehouse, 10---advancing mouth, 11---II level storage ball storehouse, 12---the external support structure of body of heater, 13---explosive door, 14---steam manifold, 15---furnace wall, 16---platform, 17---the top vaporizer, 18---trolley track, 19---the middle part vaporizer, 20---economizer, 21---pipe, 22---boiler furnace bottom clan ball ash bucket, 23---isolation cabin, 24---vibratory screening apparatus, 25---the ball intermediate bin falls, 26---the ball dolly that falls, 27---upcast, 28---downtake, 29---working shaft, 30---vacuum dust cather, 31---the pattern wall, 32---" # " word horizontal bar, 33---buffering insulation insulation layer, 34---" # " word stud, 35---the boiler exterior wall, 36---the boiler interior wall, 37---air-cooled furnace stay, 38---the tubular type wall, 39---boi1er tube 40---crossbeam, 41---header tank.
Five, embodiment:
Fly-ash separator configuration just
Configuration is the purpose of fly-ash separator just: because of the converter gas dustiness up to 80～150g/m
3, surpassing smart dedusting entrance concentration restriction, most of stove dirt is removed in configuration dedusting just, and is up to standard to guarantee smart dedusting.
Just fly-ash separator is selected:
Selection principle: must adapt to the characteristic---flue gas flow uniflux that converter different steps flue gas can not mix mutually; Must adapt to the characteristic that converter gas contains CO---sealing, antiknock, explosion-proof; The damage of requirement resistance simultaneously is low, efficiency of dust collection is high.Select by mentioned above principle---circumfluent cyclone.
The structure of circulation tornado dust collector and characteristics:
External form is similar to common tornado dust collector, installs coaxial internals in cylinder additional, and dust is done secondary separation in cone.Be characterized in the low 1000pa that is about of resistance damage; The separation efficiency height, the cutting particle diameter reaches 1.2um, can remove the stove dirt more than 95%.
Smart fly-ash separator configuration
Smart fly-ash separator configuration purpose---up to standard for guaranteeing coal gas, discharging waste gas dust content.
Smart fly-ash separator is selected:
Selection principle: must adapt to characteristic-flue gas flow uniflux that converter different steps flue gas can not mix mutually;
Must adapt to the characteristic that converter gas contains CO---sealing, antiknock, explosion-proof relief;
Require simultaneously dedusting must be up to standard, resistance decreases suitable low.
By mentioned above principle selection-horizontal round shape electric precipitator.
The structure of horizontal round shape electric precipitator and characteristics:
This is a kind of dust removal installation that is suitable for containing the CO flue gas.It is made up of cylindrical housing, gas distribution grid, collecting plate, discharge electrode, vibration dust-cleaning mechanism, power supply, ash discharge mechanism.It has good sealing property, anti-knocking property (the withstand voltage 0.3MPa of housing), explosion-proof, is provided with 4 safety relief valve.It is provided with four electric fields, purification efficiency height, entrance concentration 200mg/m
3, exit concentration 10mg/m
3The low 500pa that is about of pressure drop.
Embodiment:
The import of horizontal round shape electric precipitator is connected by Ф 1400mm flue and fly-ash separator outlet just, and keeps system sealing not have leakage; Flue gas enters I II III IV electric field through gas distribution grid, and stove dirt is adsorbed, separates; Clean flue gas advances induced draft fan through outlet; Separated after the rapping of stove dirt is exported stove dirt by buried chain mat machine.
The ball soot cleaning system falls
The ball soot cleaning system that falls comprises falling ball ash bucket, cofferdam, vibratory screening apparatus, conveyor, the ball intermediate bin that falls, the ball dolly that falls, and trolley track, the ball ash bucket that falls are located at boiler bottom and are connected with economizer, and the ash bucket bottom is connected with isolation cabin.Ash bucket and isolation cabin are formed the boiler ash discharge and are grown the ball system; Form to fall the ball screening system by the vibratory screening apparatus that is located at the boiler bottom, conveyor and the ball intermediate bin that falls, the vibratory screening apparatus bottom is the dust conveyor, and the ball intermediate bin that falls exports at vibratory screening apparatus; Fall ball intermediate bin lower part outlet over against the ball dolly that falls, and the ball dolly that falls is promoted to furnace roof by trolley track by elevator.Furnace roof one side is provided with I, II level storage ball storehouse, and I level storage ball position in storehouse is in the ball dolly below that falls, and I level storage bottom, ball storehouse connects II level storage ball storehouse, and II level storage bottom, ball storehouse is connected with the boiler top by pipeline.
System ball system
Stove dirt iron content reaches more than 50% and contains materials such as calcium oxide, is the good raw material of converter.In " OG " method, " LT " method dust removal process, because of the water spray cooled flue gas, stove dirt can not directly return the converter utilization.Adopt this pure dry dedusting technology, stove dirt can be converted into the converter material on the spot.Realize dust resource utilization on the spot.
Embodiment:
At first prepare burden, batch mixing, according to stove dirt composition, with addition of proper C aO powder, CaF
2Powder;
Second step: pressure ball and screening;
The 3rd step: the finished product pellet is stored and pellet is carried.
Embodiment:
80t converter gas amount 56000Nm
3/ h, flue-gas temperature is the highest to surpass 1600 ℃, to three sections outlets of vaporization gas hood, 800～1000 ℃ of cigarette Wen Gaoda; Dustiness 80～150g/m in the flue gas
3, the instantaneous sometimes 200g/m that reaches
3
Converter gas enters upright chimney flue type explosion-proof type waste heat boiler from vaporization gas hood latter end outlet, and the cigarette temperature is reduced to below 200 ℃ from 800～1000 ℃, and the heat energy with high-temperature flue gas in this technological process is converted into steam, realizes the flue gas heat energy recycle; Flue gas after the cooling enters fly-ash separator---circumfluent cyclone just, and dust content is reduced to 200mg/m
3Below; Flue gas after the dedusting just enters horizontal round shape electric precipitator, makes dust content drop to 10mg/m
3, finish smart dedusting; The isolating stove dirt of fly-ash separator returns converter smelting through batching, system ball, realizes furnace dust resourcesization.
The upright flue type boiler furnace wall of 80t converter sectional dimension is 3060 * 2200mm, the high 25800mm of being, waste heat boiler is the upright chimney flue type explosion-proof type of the hermetically sealed antiknock explosion-proof type of a high temperature waste heat boiler.It is 6000 * 7000mm that peripheral frame is square.Boiler is provided with air-cooled square column for four jiaos, contains steel plate in the column inboard, becomes the stove interior wall; With column 160mm thickness, three layers of light-weight refractory felt of middle pad; Sealed cylinder is made in the column outside, all is sealed construction, air leak rate of air curtain＜0.5%.Boiler setting 3060 * 2200mm, high 28000mm by 7 layers of platform level in length and breadth beam the boiler furnace stay is fixed.Establish six groups of vaporizers (wherein cold zone is 2 groups) in the boiler; Membrane wall, tubular type wall are established in the high-temperature zone; Drum Ф 2400 * 12000mm is located at the boiler top.
Converter gas enters from upper inlet, goes out from lower part outlet.The cigarette temperature is reduced to below 200 ℃ by 800～1000 ℃.Flue gas operating mode volume reduces more than 40%.The specified steam production 20t/h of waste heat boiler, the pressure 1.27Mpa that steams, actual gas production rate is 8～10t/h.
Configuration circulation tornado dust collector can be reduced to 200mg/m with dust concentration
3Below, flue gas enters horizontal type electric dust collector and finishes smart dedusting after the first dedusting, and dust emission concentration can reach 30mg/m
3Below.
Stream tornado dust collector and equal horizontal type electric dust collector are cylindrical housing, withstand voltage 0.3MPa.
Contain a large amount of stove dirt in the converter high-temperature flue gas, prevent that the normal operation of blocking boiler is very important, the ball soot cleaning system that falls that waste heat boiler configuration and the horizontal structure of the vertical heating surface of boiler adapt, the ball that falls is mentioned the boiler top by lifting gear, the ball that falls directly impacts the dust stratification layer on the boiler body, the dust stratification removing is shot down,, and make flue gas unobstructed with the heat exchanger effectiveness of maintenance boiler body.
The cooling of all ventilating of four body of heater columns of boiler; At furnace stay transversely, weld one group of 160mm annular crosspiece every 1m, face down bonding is formed the stove interior wall by the thick boiler plate of 6mm of being made of # word bearing structure the slab bar within it; Face down bonding 5mm sealing plate constitutes the road exterior wall outside it; Between the interior exterior wall, fill the 160mm refractory felt, its shock absorption.This furnace binding that enough antidetonation strengths are arranged, the blast even interior certain position of body of heater meets accident can not cause body of heater to damage yet.
80t converter high-temperature flue gas heat reclaiming system security measures
Converter gas is with the variation of smelting process generating period, and its characteristics: the cigarette temperature changes frequent, violent (1600-300 ℃); The flue gas combustiblecomponents changes (CO:0-86% volume percent) greatly; Dust concentration 80-150g/m
3, and be in negative-pressure operation.For this special high temperature, high dirt, high CO, and the flue gas of cycle variation, heat energy recycle, safe and reliable is primary.For this reason, take following measure:
(1) sealed structure---anti-extraneous air enters completely
1. drum is a double-layer steel plate structure, and is real with the weldering of boiler beam respectively;
2. two storehouses are all established in the ball that falls turnover, and the clock-type valve opens and closes respectively, and air locking can be good.
Above-mentioned measure constitutes hermetically sealed boiler, and extraneous air can't enter, and contains CO flue gas safety under anaerobic state, can not produce blast.
(2) explosion resistant structure---anti-boiler is because of quick-fried damage
1. boiler is established the upright beam of water-cooled for four jiaos, has respective strengths;
2. around the upright beam of water-cooled, add weld-ring shape crossbeam;
3. outside weld is real in the double-layer plate;
4. add high temperature resistant buffer layer in the middle of the double-layer plate;
5. inner layer steel plate furnace wall inboard is provided with water-cooled pipe type wall, membrane wall.
This structure even accidental explosion occurs, can not damaged boiler furnace yet, injures operator and equipment.
(3) pressure release---be relief pressure
Establish five explosive doors respectively at five layers of platform of boiler drum body.On each explosive door pressure release valve is installed.
This explosive door is 450*450, has the big characteristics of pressure release area.
It is 3500～5500pa that explosive door is opened static pressure;
Explosive door cuts out automatically by gravity and negative-pressure sucking, and is safe and reliable.
80t converter waste heat recovery economic benefit
(1) recyclable high-temperature flue gas sensible heat: reduce to 200 ℃ by flue gas 900+50 ℃ through waste heat boiler, it is about 100kg that ton steel flue gas produces quantity of steam, and the 80t converter is produced quantity of steam per year and is about 80,000 tons.
(2) save the water yield that evaporates, about 0.4 ton of/ton steel; The about 25wt% of economized cycle water.
Claims (2)
1. pure dry method dust of steel-making converter flue gas and energy recovery technology synchronously, it is characterized in that: converter gas enters upright chimney flue type explosion-proof type waste heat boiler from the outlet of vaporization gas hood latter end, the cigarette temperature is reduced to below 200 ℃ from 800～1000 ℃, heat energy with high-temperature flue gas in this technological process is converted into steam, realizes the flue gas heat energy recycle; Flue gas after the cooling enters fly-ash separator---circumfluent cyclone just, and dust content is reduced to 200mg/m
3Below; Flue gas after the dedusting just enters horizontal round shape electric precipitator, makes dust content drop to 10mg/m
3, finish smart dedusting; The isolating stove dirt of fly-ash separator returns converter smelting through batching, system ball, realizes the furnace dust resources utilization.
2. one kind is exclusively used in the pure dry method dust of the described steel-making converter flue gas of claim 1 and the synchronous waste heat boiler of energy recovery technology, the external support structure that comprises body of heater and body of heater, it is characterized in that: body of heater is axial tubular, the body of heater cross section is a rectangle, at four angles of body of heater an air-cooled column of quadrate is arranged respectively, between four air-cooled columns furnace wall is set, furnace wall is made of stove interior wall and stove exterior wall, the stove interior wall, the stove exterior wall is the steel plate welding, the middle buffering insulation insulation layer of filling, at the stove interior wall, be provided with between the stove exterior wall be connected with air-cooled column laterally and upright to " # " font stiffening web, two adjacent faces at the stove interior wall have pattern wall and tubular type wall to constitute respectively, top at body of heater is provided with drum, be connected with upcast and downtake on the drum, in body of heater, be provided with the top vaporizer from top to bottom, the middle part vaporizer, economizer, at the top of body of heater vaporizer is to be connected with into mouth, the passage that enters as flue gas, the top vaporizer, the middle part vaporizer, economizer connects by furnace wall, vaporizer, economizer inside is exhaust gases passes, the boiler middle and lower part is provided with working shaft and vacuum dust cather, for boiler supplies deaerated water, working shaft and vacuum dust cather pipe connection, vacuum dust cather is by pipeline and economizer, vaporizer connects, on body of heater, in, the bottom is equipped with totally 5 groups of safety relief valve; Vaporizer, economizer inside are staggeredly equipped with boi1er tube, and the boi1er tube of vaporizer, economizer bottom is connected with header tank, give boiler water supply; The top boi1er tube is connected with steam manifold, and steam manifold is connected with upcast, is provided with pipe in the bottom of body of heater; The external support structure of body of heater comprises that the upright beam of the master by four jiaos that is installed in the body of heater outside is the skeleton construction that supports, and be contact with main upright beam, laterally establish 6-8 layer platform, every layer of platform by level in length and breadth beam and ring beam be connected with the air-cooled column of four jiaos in boiler, form stable rising structure.
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| CN102937380A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-20 | 重庆赛迪工业炉有限公司 | Flue gas treatment method and system for RHF (rotary hearth furnace) |
| CN103196300A (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-07-10 | 吴鋆 | Method for utilizing waste heat of smelting flue gas |
| CN103773912A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-05-07 | 苏州海陆重工股份有限公司 | Waste heat recovery system for ironmaking implemented by using coal direct reduction process |
| CN104388627A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-03-04 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Dust removing method for coal gas of converter and system |
| CN104962681A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-07 | 汤海军 | Waste-heat-recovery converter dry-method dust removal process |
| CN105543442A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-04 | 北京志能祥赢节能环保科技股份有限公司 | Method and system for treating converter flue gas passing by evaporative cooling pipeline |
| CN105603148A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-25 | 北京热盾节能技术有限公司 | Pure-dry bag dedusting system and process capable of recycling flue gas waste heat of steelmaking converter |
| CN105648141A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-06-08 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | System and process for recycling converter low-temperature section flue gas waste heat |
| CN105716054A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-06-29 | 北京热盾节能技术有限公司 | Novel anti-explosion and explosion-proof upright-flue heat pipe waste heat boiler |
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| WO2021018030A1 (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-02-04 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Converter gas aftertreatment and waste heat recovery device |
| CN114262763A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-01 | 无锡红旗除尘设备有限公司 | Steelmaking converter flue gas purification system based on heat energy recovery |
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| CN101144111A (en) * | 2007-07-02 | 2008-03-19 | 昆明阳光基业股份有限公司 | Technique and combined system for removing dust from steelmaking convertor smoke by dry method and reusing waste heat |
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| CN101144111A (en) * | 2007-07-02 | 2008-03-19 | 昆明阳光基业股份有限公司 | Technique and combined system for removing dust from steelmaking convertor smoke by dry method and reusing waste heat |
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| CN102937380A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-20 | 重庆赛迪工业炉有限公司 | Flue gas treatment method and system for RHF (rotary hearth furnace) |
| CN103196300A (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-07-10 | 吴鋆 | Method for utilizing waste heat of smelting flue gas |
| CN103773912A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-05-07 | 苏州海陆重工股份有限公司 | Waste heat recovery system for ironmaking implemented by using coal direct reduction process |
| CN103773912B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-04-08 | 苏州海陆重工股份有限公司 | Waste heat recovery system for ironmaking implemented by using coal direct reduction process |
| CN104388627A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-03-04 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Dust removing method for coal gas of converter and system |
| CN104962681A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-07 | 汤海军 | Waste-heat-recovery converter dry-method dust removal process |
| CN105603148A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-25 | 北京热盾节能技术有限公司 | Pure-dry bag dedusting system and process capable of recycling flue gas waste heat of steelmaking converter |
| CN105648141A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-06-08 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | System and process for recycling converter low-temperature section flue gas waste heat |
| CN105543442A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-04 | 北京志能祥赢节能环保科技股份有限公司 | Method and system for treating converter flue gas passing by evaporative cooling pipeline |
| CN105716054A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-06-29 | 北京热盾节能技术有限公司 | Novel anti-explosion and explosion-proof upright-flue heat pipe waste heat boiler |
| WO2021018030A1 (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-02-04 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Converter gas aftertreatment and waste heat recovery device |
| CN111961799A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-20 | 江苏热盾节能环保科技有限公司 | Converter flue gas high-temperature cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler integrated device and method |
| CN111961799B (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2021-11-19 | 江苏热盾节能环保科技有限公司 | Converter flue gas high-temperature cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler integrated device and method |
| CN114262763A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-01 | 无锡红旗除尘设备有限公司 | Steelmaking converter flue gas purification system based on heat energy recovery |
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