CN102085467A - Fixed bed catalytic reactor - Google Patents
Fixed bed catalytic reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102085467A CN102085467A CN2009102538713A CN200910253871A CN102085467A CN 102085467 A CN102085467 A CN 102085467A CN 2009102538713 A CN2009102538713 A CN 2009102538713A CN 200910253871 A CN200910253871 A CN 200910253871A CN 102085467 A CN102085467 A CN 102085467A
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- heat exchange
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fixed bed catalytic reactor, mainly comprising a shell 1, an upper seal head 2 and a lower seal head 3, wherein the shell 1 is connected with the upper seal head 2 and the lower seal head 3, the upper seal head 2 is provided with a steam outlet pipe 5, the lower seal head 3 is provided with an air inlet pipe 6 and an air outlet pipe 7, the shell 1 is provided with a water inlet pipe 8 or the lower seal head 3 is provided with the water inlet pipe 9, and a heat-exchange external pipe 10 internally containing a catalyst is connected with an upper pipe sheet 11 or a lower pipe sheet 12. The fixed bed catalytic reactor is used in processes for synthesizing methanol, hydrocarbons and the like, can also be used in processes for synthesizing methane, methyl ether and the like, and has the advantages of large production capacity, high catalyst activity, simple and reliable structure and good operating performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of catalytic reaction device, is used for fluid catalytic reaction and diabatic process, belongs to field of chemical engineering, is specially adapted to synthetic reaction process such as methyl alcohol, hydro carbons, also can be used for building-up processes such as methane, methyl ether.
Background technology
For synthetic this class exothermic catalytic reactions such as, methyl ether synthetic by methyl alcohol under the pressurization, hydro carbons, along with the carrying out of course of reaction, the reaction heat of constantly emitting improves the catalyst layer temperature.In order to improve the efficient of reactor, need shift out reaction heat to reduce reaction temperature.Once the shell and tube reactor that methyl alcohol synthesizes that is used for as West Germany Lurgi company that widely used in industrial reactor, unstripped gas enters from the top air inlet and is distributed to each pipe, synthesizing methanol in pipe apparatus with catalyst inside layer, lateral inflow between pipe.Reaction heat is managed outer boiled water and is moved heat continuously, produces steam and is gone out by the side pipe, and reaction gas goes out tower by the bottom escape pipe, and this tower has a narrow range of temperature, but goes up lower perforated plate and the fixing welding of heat exchanger tube, need use two phase stainless steel and still fragile for solving thermal stress.
Task of the present invention is the characteristics according to the catalytic exothermic reversible reaction, overcomes the shortcoming of prior art, provides one production capacity is big, catalyst activity is high, the reactor of simple and reliable for structure, good operation performance.
The content of invention
The invention provides a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor, comprise housing 1, upper cover 2, low head 3, housing 1 and upper cover 2, low head 3 connects, upper cover 2 has steam outlet pipe 5, low head 3 has air inlet pipe 6 and escape pipe 7, housing has water inlet pipe 8 or low head 3 that water inlet pipe 9 is arranged, the heat exchange outer tube 10 of apparatus with catalyst inside connects upper perforated plate 11 and lower perforated plate 12, mainly be that upper cover 2 has cold air air inlet pipe 4, have in the upper cover 2 and go up interior end socket 23, end socket 23 connects and composes top inner chamber 24 with upper perforated plate 11 in going up, end socket 23 has the air inlet pipe 25 and the air inlet pipe 4 of upper cover 2 to link by airtight and watertight padding 26 activities in going up, have inner sealed board 18 to be connected in the low head 3 with low head 3 or low head 3 in have down in end socket 19 connect and compose distribution of gas chamber 20 with inner sealed board 18, gas conduit 21 links pipe 22 in distribution of gas chamber 20 and the heat exchange, lower perforated plate 12 is connected with low head 3 or lower perforated plate 12 connects and composes lower lumen 17 with down interior end socket 19 inner sealed boards 18, the adapter 15 of descending the porous top cover that supporting ceramic ball and catalyst are arranged on the interior fusing head connection tube 15 is by filler 14 and escape pipe 7 movable sealings, upper perforated plate 11 has heat exchange outer tube 10 to be connected with 12 of lower perforated plates, the interior two sleeve pipes 40 of managing apparatus with catalyst inside 18 between 22 formation inner and outer pipes of heat exchange that upper opening is arranged in the heat exchange outer tube 10, also has the heat exchange single tube 27 of arranging apparatus with catalyst inside at interval between perhaps two sleeve pipes 40, heat exchange outer tube 10 and heat exchange single tube 27 communicate with top inner chamber 24 and lower lumen 17
Unstripped gas enters distribution of gas chamber 20 by air inlet pipe 6, in heat exchange, manage outside 22 absorption tubes reaction heat rising temperature to top inner chamber 24 through each gas conduit 21, mix with the cold air of top air inlet pipe 4, enter catalyst layer 18 catalytic reactions of managing 22 annular space in heat exchange outer tube 10 and the heat exchange again, perhaps wherein a part of catalyst layer catalytic reaction through heat exchange single tube 27, reaction heat is absorbed by the cold air of pipe 22 in water outside the heat exchange outer tube 10 and the heat exchange, and reaction gas has the adapter 15 of porous top cover, escape pipe 7 to go out reactor through the bottom.
The invention provides a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor, mainly is that upper cover 2 has cold air air inlet pipe 4, and end socket 23 connects air inlet pipe 25 formation top inner chambers 24 in going up.
The invention provides a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor, it mainly is the distribution of gas chamber 20 that the air inlet pipe 6 that connects cold air is arranged at the bottom, the conduit 21 that links pipe 22 in distribution of gas chamber 20 and the heat exchange is flexible connecting pipes, with the gas-distributing pipe joint or and heat exchange in pipe 22 detachably flexibly connect.
The invention provides a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor, mainly is that lower perforated plate 12 links with housing 1, and housing 1 has water inlet pipe 8.
The invention provides a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor, mainly is that lower perforated plate 2 links with down interior end socket 19, and low head 3 has water inlet pipe 9.
The invention provides a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor, mainly is that pipe 22 and 40 of two sleeve pipes forming of heat exchange outer tube 10 have heat exchange single tube 27 in by heat exchange.
The invention provides a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor, mainly is that heat exchange outer tube 10 internal diameters of two sleeve pipes 40 are 50～100mm, and pipe 22 external diameters are 10～30mm in the heat exchange, and heat exchange single tube 27 internal diameters are 15～50mm.
The invention provides a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor, mainly is upper cover 2 and directly welding or link and with lip weldering sealing by flange 30 on upper cover 2 and the housing 1 and bolt 31 nuts 32 of housing 1.
The invention provides a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor, mainly is lower thermal barrier catalyst layer 41 to be housed below the lower perforated plate 12.
The invention provides a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor, mainly is on the lower perforated plate 12 upper thermal barrier catalyst layer 42 to be housed, and 11 of heat insulation layer 42 and upper perforated plates have quench gas distributor pipe 43.
Description of drawings
Specify below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the fixed bed heat-exchange catalytic reaction device schematic diagram that an interior end socket is arranged.
Fig. 2 is the fixed bed heat-exchange catalytic reaction device schematic diagram of end socket in having up and down.
Fig. 3 is the fixed bed heat-exchange catalytic reaction device schematic diagram that last lower thermal insulating layer is arranged.
Fig. 4 is the fixed bed heat-exchange catalytic reaction device schematic diagram that two sleeve pipes and single tube heat exchanger tube are arranged simultaneously.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of two cover heat exchange tubes among Fig. 1 to Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 has two sleeve pipes and single tube heat exchanger tube sectional view simultaneously among Fig. 3.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the fixed bed heat-exchange catalytic reaction device schematic diagram that an interior end socket is arranged.Fig. 1 middle shell 1 and upper cover 2, low head 3 connects and composes pressure shell, upper cover 2 has cold air air inlet pipe 4 and steam outlet pipe 5, low head 3 has air inlet pipe 6, on escape pipe 7 and the housing 1 water inlet pipe 8 is arranged, the heat exchange outer tube 10 of apparatus with catalyst inside connects upper perforated plate 11 and lower perforated plate 12, have in the upper cover 2 and go up interior end socket 23, end socket 23 connects and composes top inner chamber 24 with upper perforated plate 11 in going up, end socket 23 has the air inlet pipe 25 and the air inlet pipe 4 of upper cover 2 to link by airtight and watertight padding 26 activities in going up, there is inner sealed board 18 to connect and compose distribution of gas chamber 20 in the low head 3, gas conduit 21 links pipe 22 in distribution of gas chamber 20 and the heat exchange, lower perforated plate 12 connects and composes lower lumen 17 with low head 3, the adapter 15 and escape pipe 7 movable assemblings of the porous top cover of supporting ceramic ball and catalyst are arranged in the escape pipe 7, upper perforated plate 11 has heat exchange outer tube 10 to be connected with 12 of lower perforated plates, the interior two sleeve pipes 40 of managing apparatus with catalyst inside 18 between 22 formation inner and outer pipes of heat exchange of upper opening are arranged in the heat exchange outer tube 10, and heat exchange outer tube 10 communicates with top inner chamber 24 and lower lumen 17.The schematic cross-section of two cover heat exchanger tubes is seen Fig. 5 among Fig. 1 to Fig. 3.
Unstripped gas is the H of synthesizing methanol for example
2, CO, CO
2Deng being pressurized to 5～12MPa, circulating air by recycle ratio 2～3 mixes, 80～120 ℃ of temperature, enter distribution of gas chamber 20 in the low head 3 by air inlet pipe 6, through each gas conduit 21 in heat exchange, manage outside 22 absorption tubes reaction heat rising temperature about 220 ℃ to top inner chamber 24, mix the adjusting temperature with about 90 ℃ of cold air of top air inlet pipe 4, enter catalyst for methanol layer 18 catalytic reaction of managing 22 annular space in heat exchange outer tube 10 and the heat exchange again, reaction heat is absorbed by the cold air of pipe 22 in water outside the heat exchange outer tube 10 and the heat exchange, 220～280 ℃ of reaction gas temperature, CH
3OH content 8～16% goes out reactor through the adapter 15 of bottom porous top cover, by the water of water inlet pipe 8 imports, and absorption reaction heat outside heat transfer outer tube 10, by-product 20～50MPa steam, end socket is 23 through top upper cover 2 and in going up, and is drawn by gas outlet 5.
Fig. 2 is the fixed bed heat-exchange catalytic reaction device schematic diagram of end socket in having up and down.Fig. 2 and Fig. 1 structure difference are that one is that interior end socket 19 is arranged at the bottom, end socket 19 is bearing on the low head 3 by bottom support panel 16 down, distribution of gas chamber 20 is made of inner sealed board 18 and 19 welding of interior end socket, lower perforated plate 12 connects and composes lower lumen 17 with low head 3, there is the adapter 15 of the porous top cover of supporting ceramic ball and catalyst to pass through filler 14 and escape pipe 7 movable assemblings down on the fusing head connection tube 15, interior end socket distribution of gas chambers 19 20 air inlet pipe 28 flexibly connect by filler 29 and low head 3 air inlets 6, and cold air enters sub-air chamber 20 in air inlet pipe 28 and the interior end socket 19 by air inlet 6; The 2nd, 2 of housing 1 and upper covers are by flange 30 and bolt 31 nuts 32 and weld continuous low head 3 with lip and constitute pressure shells, open flange 30 like this, and the internals that are made of last low head, tube sheet and heat exchanger tube can hang out shell, so that maintenance.
Fig. 3 is the fixed bed heat-exchange catalytic reaction device schematic diagram that last lower thermal insulating layer is arranged.What Fig. 3 was different with Fig. 2 is that an adiabatic catalyst layer 41 is arranged at the lower perforated plate bottom, upper thermal barrier catalyst layer 42 is arranged at upper perforated plate top, pipe 22 lengthenings reach upper thermal barrier catalyst layer top in the heat exchange, work off one's feeling vent one's spleen by pipe 22 in the heat exchange and to mix the adjusting temperature with the cold air of cold air air inlet pipe 4, synthesis gas is earlier after last adiabatic catalyst layer 42 reaction rising temperature, enter heat exchange outer tube 10 inner catalyst layers 18 and lower thermal insulating layer 41 reactions again, upper and lower heat insulation layer is set can improves the catalyst loading amount, reaching increases the output purpose.
Fig. 4 is the fixed bed heat-exchange catalytic reaction device schematic diagram that two sleeve pipes 40 and heat exchange single tube 27 are arranged simultaneously.Different with Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 is the two casing spaces that utilize diameter bigger among Fig. 4, and apparatus with catalyst inside heat exchange single tube 27 is set, and schematic cross-section is seen accompanying drawing 6, and setting up the single tube heat exchanger tube can increase catalyst loading amount and production capacity.
Beneficial effect
Compared with the prior art the present invention has remarkable result, the one, but the upper perforated plate of connection heat exchanger tube and upper cover easy on and off are flexible, avoid shell-and-tube reactor to cause heat exchanger tube or housing drawing crack because of variations in temperature causes thermal stress, heat exchanger tube can substitute the large quantities of two phase stainless steels of original shell-and-tube heat exchanger tube need by external import by homemade stainless steel tube thus; The 2nd, adopt the two sleeve pipes of inside and outside heat exchange to carry out external cooling pipe water-cooled and inner cool tube air cooling heat exchange simultaneously, strengthen the heat exchange effect, comparable shell-and-tube reduces recycle ratio, be reduced to 2～3 by 5 of shell-and-tube, improve product content, adopt two-tube and add the single tube structure, improve the reactor catalyst loadings, increase production capacity; The 3rd, main line air inlet and cold pair of line air inlet of cat head at the bottom of the employing tower have increased the reaction temperature regulating measure, make temperature control convenient correct, optimize operating condition; The 4th, the low head apparatus with catalyst inside improves the catalyst packing factor, has increased conversion ratio and output.
More than by numerous legends abundant description done in theme of the present invention, according to design spirit of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can easily carry out various variations and the synthesis gas system of being applied to synthesizing methanol, dimethyl ether, hydrocarbon etc., can select Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 structure according to actual needs for use in actual the enforcement, can place upper thermal insulating layer or lower thermal insulating layer or establish lower thermal insulating layer simultaneously and carry out various combination.
Claims (10)
1. fixed bed catalytic reactor, comprise housing (1), upper cover (2), low head (3), housing (1) and upper cover (2), low head (3) connects, upper cover (2) has steam outlet pipe (5), low head (3) has air inlet pipe (6) and escape pipe (7), housing has water inlet pipe (8) or low head (3) that water inlet pipe (9) is arranged, the heat exchange outer tube (10) of apparatus with catalyst inside connects upper perforated plate (11) and lower perforated plate (12), it is characterized in that upper cover (2) has cold air air inlet pipe (4), have in the upper cover (2) and go up interior end socket (23), end socket (23) connects and composes top inner chamber (24) with upper perforated plate (11) in going up, end socket (23) has the air inlet pipe (25) and the air inlet pipe (4) of upper cover (2) to link by airtight and watertight padding (26) is movable in going up, have inner sealed board (18) to be connected in the low head (3) with low head (3) or low head (3) in have down in end socket (19) connect and compose distribution of gas chamber (20) with inner sealed board (18), gas conduit (21) links pipe (22) in distribution of gas chamber (20) and the heat exchange, lower perforated plate (12) is connected with low head (3) or lower perforated plate (12) connects and composes lower lumen (17) with down interior end socket (19) inner sealed board (18), the adapter (15) of descending the porous top cover that supporting ceramic ball and catalyst are arranged on the interior fusing head connection tube (15) is by filler (14) and escape pipe (7) movable sealing, there is heat exchange outer tube (10) to be connected between upper perforated plate (11) and lower perforated plate (12), the interior two sleeve pipes (40) of managing apparatus with catalyst inside (18) between (22) formation inner and outer pipes of heat exchange that upper opening is arranged in the heat exchange outer tube (10), also has the heat exchange single tube (27) of arranging apparatus with catalyst inside at interval between perhaps two sleeve pipes (40), heat exchange outer tube (10) and heat exchange single tube (27) communicate with top inner chamber (24) and lower lumen (17)
Unstripped gas enters distribution of gas chamber (20) by air inlet pipe (6), reaction heat rising temperature arrives top inner chamber (24) outside pipe (22) absorption tube in each gas conduit (21) arrives heat exchange, the cold air that comes with top air inlet pipe (4) mixes, enter catalyst layer (18) catalytic reaction of the annular space between pipe (22) in heat exchange outer tube (10) and the heat exchange again, perhaps wherein a part of catalyst layer catalytic reaction through heat exchange single tube (27), reaction heat is absorbed by heat exchange outer tube (10) outer water and the interior cold air of managing (22) of heat exchange, and reaction gas has the adapter (15) of porous top cover through the bottom, escape pipe (7) goes out reactor.
2. a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that upper cover (2) has cold air air inlet pipe (4), and end socket (23) connects air inlet pipe (25) formation top inner chamber (24) in going up.
3. a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the distribution of gas chamber (20) of the air inlet pipe (6) that connects cold air is arranged at the bottom, the conduit (21) that links pipe (22) in distribution of gas chamber (20) and the heat exchange is a flexible connecting pipe, with the gas-distributing pipe joint or and heat exchange in the detachable flexible connection of pipe (22).
4. a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that lower perforated plate (12) and housing (1) link, and housing (1) has water inlet pipe (8).
5. a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that lower perforated plate (2) and down interior end socket (19) link, and low head (3) has water inlet pipe (9).
6. a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that in heat exchange is arranged between two sleeve pipes (40) of pipe (22) and heat exchange outer tube (10) composition heat exchange single tube (27) being arranged.
7. a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that heat exchange outer tube (10) internal diameter of two sleeve pipes (40) is 50～100mm, and pipe (22) external diameter is 10～30mm in the heat exchange, and heat exchange single tube (27) internal diameter is 15～50mm.
8. a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that upper cover (2) and housing (1) directly welds or welds by the flange (30) on upper cover (2) and the housing (1) and bolt (31) nut (32) binding and with lip sealing.
9. a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that below the lower perforated plate (12) lower thermal barrier catalyst layer (41) being housed.
10. a kind of fixed bed catalytic reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that on the lower perforated plate (12) upper thermal barrier catalyst layer (42) being housed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200910253871 CN102085467B (en) | 2009-12-03 | 2009-12-03 | Fixed bed catalytic reactor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200910253871 CN102085467B (en) | 2009-12-03 | 2009-12-03 | Fixed bed catalytic reactor |
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| CN102085467A true CN102085467A (en) | 2011-06-08 |
| CN102085467B CN102085467B (en) | 2013-04-03 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102513036A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-06-27 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Radial sleeve type cooling methanation furnace |
| CN103007838A (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2013-04-03 | 南京德磊科技有限公司 | Chemical catalysis reactor |
| CN103111239A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2013-05-22 | 西安核设备有限公司 | Gas-cooled methanol reactor |
| CN104399413A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-03-11 | 安徽新月化工设备有限公司 | Controllable heat-removing reactor |
| CN107670592A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-02-09 | 湖南安淳高新技术有限公司 | A kind of shell-and-tube reactor and methanol synthesizing process |
| CN110026132A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-07-19 | 南京敦先化工科技有限公司 | A kind of bilateral moves hot hollow cylindrical carbonylation or hydrogenator, application method |
| CN112387218A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-23 | 大连海事大学 | Self-heating type tubular reforming hydrogen production reactor |
Family Cites Families (5)
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| JP4477432B2 (en) * | 2004-06-29 | 2010-06-09 | 東洋エンジニアリング株式会社 | Reformer |
| CN1736574A (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2006-02-22 | 清华大学 | Non-hot spot calandria type fixed bed reactors |
| CN101249406A (en) * | 2008-04-09 | 2008-08-27 | 华东理工大学 | Heat insulation-cold stimulated-shell of pipe exterior cold combined gas solid phase fixed bed catalyst chamber |
| CN201200886Y (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2009-03-04 | 常州敦先化工设备有限公司 | Multiphase heat-removing heat-insulated pipe shell type reactor |
| CN201551994U (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2010-08-18 | 杭州林达化工技术工程有限公司 | Fixed bed catalytic reactor |
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2009
- 2009-12-03 CN CN 200910253871 patent/CN102085467B/en active Active
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103111239A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2013-05-22 | 西安核设备有限公司 | Gas-cooled methanol reactor |
| CN103111239B (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2015-09-30 | 西安核设备有限公司 | A kind of air cooling methanol reactor |
| CN102513036A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-06-27 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Radial sleeve type cooling methanation furnace |
| CN103007838A (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2013-04-03 | 南京德磊科技有限公司 | Chemical catalysis reactor |
| CN103007838B (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2014-11-12 | 南京德磊科技有限公司 | Chemical catalysis reactor |
| CN104399413A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-03-11 | 安徽新月化工设备有限公司 | Controllable heat-removing reactor |
| CN107670592A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-02-09 | 湖南安淳高新技术有限公司 | A kind of shell-and-tube reactor and methanol synthesizing process |
| CN107670592B (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2023-12-05 | 湖南安淳高新技术有限公司 | Shell-and-tube reactor and methanol synthesis process |
| CN110026132A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-07-19 | 南京敦先化工科技有限公司 | A kind of bilateral moves hot hollow cylindrical carbonylation or hydrogenator, application method |
| CN112387218A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-23 | 大连海事大学 | Self-heating type tubular reforming hydrogen production reactor |
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