CN102075088B - Method for cascade connection of switch voltage converter and linear voltage regulator - Google Patents
Method for cascade connection of switch voltage converter and linear voltage regulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN102075088B CN102075088B CN201110033177.8A CN201110033177A CN102075088B CN 102075088 B CN102075088 B CN 102075088B CN 201110033177 A CN201110033177 A CN 201110033177A CN 102075088 B CN102075088 B CN 102075088B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of power management, in particular to a method for cascade connection of a switch voltage converter and a linear voltage regulator. By utilizing the method for the cascade connection of the switch voltage converter and the linear voltage regulator, the feedback voltage of the switch voltage converter is from the output of an error amplifier of the linear voltage regulator; the voltage input end of the linear voltage regulator is connected to the output end of the switch voltage converter and serves as a second-stage switching circuit; the output voltage of the error amplifier of the linear voltage regulator is clamped down on a fixed voltage by utilizing the loop feedback; and a power voltage is provided by the switch voltage converter for the linear voltage regulator according to the variation of the load current. In the method for cascade connection of the switch voltage converter and the linear voltage regulator, a voltage converter module corresponding to the cascade connection method is also utilized. The method for the cascade connection of the switch voltage converter and the linear voltage regulator can be used for various hand-held electronic devices which have severe requirements on power supply noise and conversion efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power management techniques field, be specifically related to a kind of method of switching voltage converter and linear voltage regulator cascade.Can be used for various power supply noise and conversion efficiency being required in harsh hand-hold electronic equipments.
Background technology
Switching mode DC-to-DC converter is because its high efficiency is widely used in voltage transitions field [1-2].Yet all switching voltage converters have comparatively significantly output voltage ripple and burr [3] substantially.At some, to voltage noise, highstrung circuit particularly seems and can not accept on as radio frequency and handheld device this characteristic.Than switching voltage converter, low pressure difference linear voltage regulator has lower voltage noise, but its conversion efficiency is lower.For the applied environment that requires high conversion efficiency and low output noise simultaneously, often by the method for Switching Power Supply of cascade and linear voltage regulator, realize the compromise of performance.
The most conventional connecting mode is the independently linear voltage regulator [4] of connecting after a switching voltage converter.The input and output voltage poor (dropout voltage) of linear voltage regulator is set to one and can guarantees the fixed value of working under the poorest condition.When driving little load, this pressure reduction is more than sufficient, thereby global efficiency is reduced.When driving large load, what this pressure reduction neither be optimum, because actual required pressure reduction is can be along with technique, the variation of voltage and temperature (PVT) changes.
summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly can improve the switching voltage converter of conversion efficiency and adjustment of load degree and the method for linear voltage regulator cascade.
The method of switching voltage converter provided by the invention and linear voltage regulator cascade is to make the feedback voltage of switching voltage converter come from the output of the error amplifier of linear voltage regulator.
In the present invention, the feedback voltage of the switching voltage converter that the output voltage of the error amplifier of reception linear voltage regulator is controlled as PWM.The output that the voltage input end of linear voltage regulator is connected on to switching voltage converter is as second level change-over circuit.Utilize loop feedback to clamp down on a fixing voltage output voltage of the error amplifier of linear voltage regulator.Switching voltage converter transducer provides a supply voltage changing according to load current to linear voltage regulator.
Corresponding to the electric pressure converter module of above-mentioned Cascading Methods as shown in Figure 1, in this module, there is switching voltage converter and the linear voltage regulator that an analog or digital is controlled; Switching voltage converter adopts the control method of pulse width modulation (PWM), and at least contains a switching tube, and PWM controls the feedback voltage of the output that receives an error amplifier that comes from linear voltage regulator.
In the present invention, linear voltage regulator is by an error amplifier and formed by the MOS power tube of its control, and error amplifier receives feedback voltage and a reference voltage that represents module output voltage, and produces an error signal and remove driven MOS power tube.One end of MOS power tube is connected on the output of switching voltage converter, and the other end is connected on the output of whole change-over circuit.
In the present invention, switching voltage converter should meet: the buck being controlled by numeral or analogue loop, boost or other switching voltage converters that contains PWM control.Its feedback voltage comes from the output of error amplifier in linear voltage regulator.Its output voltage is as the power supply input of linear voltage regulator.
Compare with traditional Cascading Methods, the inventive method can dynamically be adjusted according to load the dropout voltage of linear voltage regulator, thereby has improved efficiency, particularly when load is more obvious compared with the raising of hour this efficiency.Simultaneously also owing to keeping, the output of error amplifier of linear voltage regulator is constant has reduced that its input voltage is poor to be greatly improved to adjustment of load degree (load regulation).
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Cascading Methods diagram of switching voltage converter and linear voltage regulator.
Fig. 2 is the structure of the error amplifier used in linear voltage regulator.Wherein, a is error amplifier, and b is the differential pair tube based on PMOS input.
Fig. 3 is that new aging method linear voltage regulator efficiency is with the contrast of output current and variations in temperature.Wherein, the contrast that (a) linear voltage regulator efficiency changes with output voltage when adopting new method and commonsense method under normal temperature.(b) be under 450mA output current, to adopt the temperature variant contrast of new aging method linear voltage regulator efficiency.
Fig. 4 is the contrast that in new aging method, output voltage deviation changes with output current.Wherein, (a) being new method, is (b) commonsense method.
Embodiment
The present invention proposes the Cascading Methods of a kind of new switching voltage converter and linear voltage regulator.In this method, the feedback voltage of switching voltage converter is the output that comes from the error amplifier of linear voltage regulator.Due to the negative feedback of loop, it is constant that the output of the error amplifier of linear voltage regulator keeps, but the output voltage of Simultaneous Switching electric pressure converter changes along with the variation of output loading.This new method can dynamically be adjusted according to load the dropout voltage of linear voltage regulator, thereby has improved efficiency, particularly when load is more obvious compared with the raising of hour this efficiency.Simultaneously also owing to keeping, the output of error amplifier of linear voltage regulator is constant has reduced that its input voltage is poor to be greatly improved to adjustment of load degree (load regulation).
Fig. 1 has shown a voltage transitions module 10 that comprises switching voltage converter 20 and linear voltage regulator 40.Switching voltage converter wherein can be both also that digital loop is controlled [5] by analogue loop, but all required its feedback voltage
the output that comes from error amplifier 32 in linear voltage regulator.Due to the negative feedback of dc-dc converter loop, the reference voltage that equals dc-dc converter that the output voltage of error amplifier is approximate
.In other words, the power tube in linear voltage regulator
33 grid voltage has been vised.So output voltage of switching voltage converter
, namely
source voltage can change along with load current.Suppose
be in saturation region, its source electrode is to the voltage difference of grid
can be represented as:
（1）
Wherein,
to flow through
total current,
be
grid width,
be
grid long,
be
the gate oxide electric capacity of unit are,
the mobility in hole,
be
threshold voltage; Therefore the dropout voltage of linear voltage regulator can be write as:
（2）
Wherein,
it is the output voltage 36 of linear voltage regulator.Formula (1) and (2) show that the dropout voltage of linear voltage regulator can change along with the parameter of load current and power tube and change, thereby maximize its efficiency.Fig.2 illustrates the structure of error amplifier in linear voltage regulator, it be by
difference input to manage 53 and current source 52 form.Mentioned above, the output voltage of error amplifier is approximately equal to
, first this value needs to be determined.
the upper limit by maximum dropout voltage
with
maximum source gate voltage
determine, and lower limit is by keeping
in the conditional decision of saturation region.Therefore
can be determined by following formula:
（3）
Adopt
difference input is mainly in order to improve the load regulation of linear voltage regulator to the error amplifier of pipe.Output voltage error amplifier
deviation can be write as:
（4）
Wherein
the equilibrium state value of output voltage error amplifier 54,
the DC current gain of error amplifier,
it is the feedback factor of linear voltage regulator.Because adopting
difference input is in the error amplifier of pipe
very close to
, deviate
very little, and substantially irrelevant with output current.
Application example:
For validity of the present invention is described, voltage-dropping type (buck) switching voltage converter of the digital control 6V of having input and 0.6V reference voltage is designed and emulation.Linear voltage regulator with 1.8V output voltage is designed and as the next stage of switching voltage converter simultaneously.Fig. 3 (a) is the comparison diagram that while adopting at normal temperatures new method and commonsense method, linear voltage regulator efficiency changes with output voltage.As seen from the figure, adopt new method efficiency all the time higher than 72% of commonsense method, when output current is 10mA, reached especially 98%.Fig. 3 (b) adopts the temperature variant comparison diagram of new aging method linear voltage regulator efficiency under 450mA output current.In new method, efficiency has improved 3% when at 125oC when-40oC.
Fig. 4 has contrasted the variation that the deviation of output voltage and nominal value 1.8V changes from 10mA to 450mA with output current in new aging method.In new method, deviation is corresponding changes to 4.6mV from 4.1mV, and in old method, deviation changes to 90mV from 16mV.
list of references:
1. Leung, C.-Y., Mok, P. K. T., and Leung, K.-N.: ‘A 1-V integrated current-Mode boost converter in standard 3.3/5-V CMOS technologies’,
IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, 2005, 40, (11), pp.2265–2274
2. Xiao, J.-W, Peterchev, A.V., Zhang, J.-H, and Sanders, S. R.: ‘A 4-μA quiescentcurrent dual-mode digitally controlled buck converter IC for cellular phone applications’,
IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, 2004, 39, (12), pp.2342–2348
3. Wibben, J., and Harjani, R.: ‘A high-efficiency DC–DC converter using 2 nH integrated inductors’,
IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, 2008, 43, (4), pp.844–854
4. Lee, Y.-J., Khaligh, A., Chakraborty, A., and Emadi, A.: ‘Digital combination of buck and boost converters to control a positive buck-boost converter and improve the output transients’,
IEEE Trans. Power Electron., 2009, 24, (5), pp. 1267–1279
5. Patella, B. J., Prodic, A., Zirger, A., and Maksimovic, D.: ‘High-frequency digital PWM controller IC for dc–dc converters’,
IEEE Trans.Power Electron., 2003, 18, (1), pp. 438–446。
Claims (4)
1. a method for switching voltage converter and linear voltage regulator cascade, it is characterized in that making the feedback voltage of switching voltage converter to come from the output of the error amplifier of linear voltage regulator; Wherein:
The output that the voltage input end of linear voltage regulator is connected on to switching voltage converter is as second level change-over circuit; Utilize loop feedback to clamp down on a fixing voltage output voltage of the error amplifier of linear voltage regulator; By switching voltage converter, to linear voltage regulator, provide a supply voltage changing according to load current.
2. the electric pressure converter module of method cascade as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that having in this module the switching voltage converter of an analog or digital control, it adopts the control method of pulse width modulation (PWM), and at least contain a switching tube, by PWM, controlled the feedback voltage of the output that receives the error amplifier that comes from linear voltage regulator.
3. electric pressure converter module according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described linear voltage regulator by an error amplifier and formed by the MOS power tube of its control, one end of this MOS power tube is connected on the output of switching voltage converter, and the other end is connected on the output of whole change-over circuit; Error amplifier receives feedback voltage and a reference voltage that represents module output voltage, and produces an error signal and remove driven MOS power tube.
4. according to the electric pressure converter module described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that described switching voltage converter, its feedback voltage comes from the output of error amplifier in linear voltage regulator, and its output voltage is as the power supply input of linear voltage regulator.
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| CN201110033177.8A CN102075088B (en) | 2011-01-31 | 2011-01-31 | Method for cascade connection of switch voltage converter and linear voltage regulator |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE102015221101B4 (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2022-12-08 | Dialog Semiconductor (Uk) Limited | Battery charge controller, charger for charging a battery, portable electronic device with charger and method for operating a charger |
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| EP2713492B1 (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2019-11-27 | ams AG | Power Conversion Arrangement and Method for Power Conversion |
| WO2017107193A1 (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2017-06-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | Low dropout regulator and voltage regulation method |
| CN107656123B (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2023-07-21 | 深圳市华芯邦科技有限公司 | Buck load current detection circuit with compensation circuit and method |
| CN107425719B (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2020-12-29 | 矽力杰半导体技术(杭州)有限公司 | Power converter |
| CN113093853B (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2022-08-23 | 东北大学 | Improved LDO circuit for realizing low input/output voltage difference in low-voltage starting process |
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| US6661211B1 (en) * | 2002-06-25 | 2003-12-09 | Alcatel Canada Inc. | Quick-start DC-DC converter circuit and method |
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2011
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| US661211A (en) * | 1899-07-07 | 1900-11-06 | Dittmar Finkler | Process of obtaining soluble albumen. |
| CN101902043A (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2010-12-01 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Charging circuit management device and wireless terminal |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| 一种低静态电流、高稳定性的LDO线性稳压器;陈东坡等;《电子与信息学报》;20060831;第28卷(第8期);第1526页至第1528页 * |
| 一种适用于射频电子标签的低电压低功耗振荡器;韩益锋;《半导体学报》;20050430;第26卷(第4期);第775页至第780页 * |
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| DE102015221101B4 (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2022-12-08 | Dialog Semiconductor (Uk) Limited | Battery charge controller, charger for charging a battery, portable electronic device with charger and method for operating a charger |
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